Lesson Four: MISSION Matthew 5:13-16 LESSON OBJECTIVE:

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1 Lesson Four: MISSION Matthew 5:13-16 LESSON OBJECTIVE: The student demonstrates understanding of the historical and literary meaning of Matthew 5:13-16 and related texts. LESSON INDICATORS: Upon successful completion of this lesson the student: 1. Parses all substantives and verb forms in Matt. 5: Classifies all subordinate clauses in Matt. 5: Classifies all sentences in Matt. 5: Translates by dynamic-equivalent method all sentences in Matt. 5: Determines the most likely reading of Matt. 5:13-16 where textual variants are listed. 6. Assesses the literary structure of Matt. 5: Evaluates the exegetical issues in Matt. 5: Completes the exegetical outline of Matt. 5: Parse the following: Υµει^ς ε στε τὸ α«λας τη^ς γη^ς τὸ α«λας µωρανθη,^ ε ν τι'νι α λισθη' σεται Classify the following subordinate clause(s): GRAMMATICAL ANALYSIS: 1

2 ε ὰν τὸ α«λας µωρανθη,^ Form: Function(s): Classify the above sentence in Matt. 5:13a: Form: Function: Translate the above sentence in Matt. 5:13a by the dynamic-equivalent method: ************************************************************ Parse the following: ει ς ου δὲν ι σχυ' ει βληθὲν καταπατει^σθαι υ πὸ τω^ ν α νθρω' πων Classify the following subordinate clause(s): ε»τι ει µὴ βληθὲν ε»ξω καταπατει^σθαι υ πὸ τω^ ν α νθρω' πων Form: Function(s): Classify the above sentence in Matt. 5:13b: Form: Function: Translate the above sentence in Matt. 5:13b by the dynamic-equivalent method: ************************************************************ 2

3 Parse the following: Υµει^ς ε στε τὸ φω^ ς του^ κο' σµου Classify the above sentence in Matt. 5:14a: Form: Function: Translate the above sentence in Matt. 5:14a by the dynamic-equivalent method: ************************************************************ Parse the following: ου δυ' ναται πο' λις κρυβη^ναι ε πα' νω ο»ρους κειµε'νη και'ουσιν λυ' χνον τιθε'ασιν αυ τὸν υ πὸ τὸν µο' διον ε πὶ τὴν λυχνι'αν λα' µπει 3

4 πα^σιν τοι^ς ε ν τη,^ οι κι'α, Classify the above sentence in Matt. 5:14b-15: Form: Function: Translate the above sentence in Matt. 5:14b-15 by the dynamic-equivalent method: ************************************************************ Parse the following: λαµψα' τω τὸ φω^ ς υ µω^ ν ε»µπροσθεν τω^ ν α νθρω' πων ι»δωσιν υ µω^ ν τὰ καλὰ ε»ργα δοξα' σωσιν τὸν πατε'ρα υ µω^ ν τὸν ε ν τοι^ς ου ρανοι^ς Classify the following subordinate clause(s): ο«πως ι»δωσιν υ µω^ ν τὰ καλὰ ε»ργα καὶ δοξα' σωσιν τὸν πατε'ρα υ µω^ ν τὸν ε ν τοι^ς ου ρανοι^ς 4

5 Form: Function(s): Classify the above sentence in Matt. 5:16: Form: Function: Translate the above sentence in Matt. 5:16 by the dynamic-equivalent method: ************************************************************ 5

6 TEXTUAL VARIANTS: PASSAGE: 5:13 APPARATUS USED: UBS 3rd CLASSIFICATION OF WITNESSES Variant Alexandrian Western Unclassified Byzantine Readings (Aland I-II) (Aland IV) (Aland III) (Aland V) EVALUATION OF EXTERNAL EVIDENCE 1. Date. 2. Geographical Distribution. 6

7 3. Textual Relationships. Summary of the External Evidence EVALUATION OF THE INTERNAL EVIDENCE 1. Transcriptional Probabilities, i.e. what scribes likely did when copying the N.T. (1) Shorter/Longer Reading. (2) Reading Different from Parallel. (3) More Difficult Reading. 7

8 (4) Reading Which Best Explains Origin of Other(s). 2. Intrinsic Probablities, i.e. what the author himself likely wrote. Summary of Internal Evidence CONCLUSION BLOCK DIAGRAM: (13)5.13 Υ µει^ς ε στε τὸ α«λας τη^ς γη^ς δὲ ε ὰν τὸ α«λας µωρανθη,^, ε ν τι'νι (14) α λισθη'σεται; ει ς ου δὲν (15) ι σχυ'ει βληθὲν ε»ξω ε»τι ει µὴ καταπατει^σθαι υ πὸ τω^ν α νθρω'πων. 8

9 (16)5.14 Υµει^ς ε στε τὸ φω^ς του^ κο'σµου. (17) ου δυ'ναται πο'λις κρυβη^ναι ε πα'νω ο»ρους κειµε'νη 5.15 ου δὲ (18) και'ουσιν λυ'χνον καὶ (19) τιθε'ασιν αυ τὸν υ πὸ τὸν µο'διον α λλ (20) ε πὶ τὴν λυχνι'αν, καὶ (21) λα'µπει πα^σιν τοι^ς ε ν τη,^ οι κι'α, ου«τως (22) λαµψα'τω τὸ φω^ς υ µω^ν ε»µπροσθεν τω^ν α νθρω'πων, ο«πως ι»δωσιν υ µω^ν τὰ καλὰ ε»ργα καὶ δοξα'σωσιν τὸν πατε'ρα υ µω^ν τὸν ε ν τοι^ς ου ρανοι^ς. SEMANTIC DIAGRAM: Complete the following literary analysis: Semantic Diagram: Conne- Sent Verb Analysis: Other ective Func Tense: Pers: Num: Subject: Links: (13) (14) (15) (16) (17) (18) (19) (20) (21) (22) 9

10 Summarize findings, i.e., possible literary patterns, poetical structures et al.: EXEGETICAL ISSUES: 1. Identify the literary role of this pericope in the Sermon on the Mount. Use 2. Compare Mark 9:49-50 to Matt. 5:13. First, complete a semantic diagram of Mark 9:49-50; then summarize similarities and differences between the two γὰρ (1) πα^ς πυρὶ α λισθη'σεται. (2) 9.50 καλὸν τὸ α«λας δὲ ε ὰν τὸ α«λας α»ναλον γε'νηται, ε ν τι'νι (3) αυ τὸ α ρτυ'σετε; (4) ε»χετε... α«λα, ε ν ε αυτοι^ς καὶ (5) ει ρηνευ'ετε ε ν α λλη'λοις. 10

11 3. Compare Luke 14:34-35 to Matt. 5:13. First, complete a semantic diagram of Luke 14:34-35; then summarize similarities and differences between the two ου ν (1) καλὸν τὸ α«λας δὲ καὶ τὸ α«λας µωρανθη,^, ε ν τι'νι (2) α ρτυθη'σεται; ου»τε ει ς γη^ν ου»τε ει ς κπορι'αν (3) ευ»θετο'ν ε στιν (4) ε»ξω βα'λλουσιν αυ το'. ο ε»χων ω τα α κου'ειν (5) α κουε'τω. 4. Summarize the most likely meaning of the following statements from the block diagram of Matt. 5:13 in light of the legitimate possible meanings. Statement 13: Statement 14: 11

12 Statement 15: 5. Compare Luke 8:16 to Matt. 5: First, complete a semantic diagram of Luke 8:16; then summarize similarities and differences between the two. δὲ λυ'χνον α«ψας (1) ου δεὶς καλυ'πτει αυ τὸν σκευ'ει η υ ποκα'τω κλι'νης (2) τι'θησιν, α λλ ε πὶ λυχνι'ας (3) τι'θησιν, ι«να οι ει σπορευο'µενοι βλε'πωσιν τὸ φω^ς. 12

13 6. Compare Luke 11:33 to Matt. 5: First, complete a semantic diagram of Luke 11:33; then summarize similarities and differences between the two. See Appendix Eighteen. λυ'χνον α»ψας ει ς κρυ'πτην (1) ου δεὶς...τι'θησιν ου δὲ (2) υ πὸ τὸν µο'διον α λλ (3) ε πὶ τὴν λυχνι'αν, ι«να οι ει σπορευο'µενοι τὸ φω^ς βλε'πωσιν. 7. Compare Mark 4:21 to Matt. 5: First, complete a semantic diagram of Mark 4:21; then summarize similarities and differences between the two. καὶ (Α) ε»λεγεν αυ τοι^ς, (1) Μη'τι ε»ρχεται ο λυ'χνος υ πὸ τὸν µο'διον ι«να... τεθη,^η ---- υ πὸ τὴν κλι'νην; α λλ (2) ου χ ε πὶ τὴν λυχνι'αν ι«να... τεθη,^; 13

14 8. Compare Gospel of Thomas 33b to Matt. 5: First, complete a semantic diagram of Gospel of Thomas 33b; then summarize similarities and differences between the two. γὰρ λυ'χνον α»ψας (1) ου δεὶς τι'θησιν υ πὸ τὸν µο'διον ου δὲ (2) ει ς κρυ'πτην, α λλ ε πὶ τὴν λυχνι'αν (3) τι'θησιν, ι«να πα'ντες οι ει σπορευο'µενοι καὶ οι ε κπορευο'µενοι βλε'πωσιν τὸ φω^ν αυ του^. 9. Summarize the most likely meaning of the following statements from the block diagram of Matt. 5:14-15 in light of the legitimate possible meanings. Statement 16: Statement 17: 14

15 Statements 18-21: 10. Compare 1 Pet. 2:11-12 to Matt. 5:16. Summarize similarities and differences between the two Α γαπητοι', (1) ψυχη^ς παρακαλω^ ω ς παροι'κους καὶ παρεπιδη'µους α πε'χεσθαι τω^ν σαρκικω^ν ε πιθυµιω^ν, αι«τινες στρατευ'ονται κατὰ τη^ς 2.12 ε ν τοι^ς ε»θνεσιν τὴν α ναστροφὴν υ µω^ν...ε»χοντες καλη'ν, ε ν ω, καταλαλου^σιν υ µω^ν ω ς κακοποιω^ν ι«να...δοξα'σωσιν τὸν θεὸν ε ν η µε'ρα, ε πισκοπη^ς. 15

16 EXEGETICAL OUTLINE: Complete the following outline according to the guidelines in Appendix Five: I. (13-15) A. (13) B. (14-15) 1. (14) 2. (15) II. (16-22) A. (16-21) 1. (16) 2. (17-21) a) (17) b) (18-21) (1) (18-19) (2) (20-21) B. (22) 16