H 1 : 1970 (grossnationalhappinessgnh) ( ) 72 GDP [16] ( ) [17] 2011 [18] 2010 [19] ( ) 1. [20] [25] ( ) [26] 2009 (GNH) [21] [27] [28] 2010

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1 doi: /j.issn [ ] [ ] ; ; [ ]D035 [ ]A [ ] (2013) [1] GDP [9] [2] 30 ( ) [3] 2012 [10] 156 [11] 112 [4] [12] [5] ( ) ( ) [6] [13] [7] [14] 2009 Stiglitz [8] [15]

2 H 1 : 1970 (grossnationalhappinessgnh) ( ) 72 GDP [16] ( ) [17] 2011 [18] 2010 [19] ( ) 1. [20] [25] ( ) [26] 2009 (GNH) [21] [27] [28] [29] 95.7% 68.7% ;89.3% [30] 56.6% [22] 50 [31] [32] 50 [23] 0~1 [24] [25]

3 :X xi-x i= [33] σ(x) : X i ( ) 1 ( ) ( ) [34] 3. ( ) [35] Andrews % % [36] [37] 165 (DEA) 8 [38] [40] [39] ; 10 ( 1) 3 [41] [42] 2 [43] 3 : ( ) [44] ( Z ) ( )

4 (OLS) ( ) ( 3 ) ( ) ~1.00 F 0.04 R : GDP ( ) ** ( ) ** ( ) *** ( ) (r= 0.15p < 0.05) ** (0.0115) (0.0128) ( ) ( ) ( 1) ( ) * ( ) ( ) ( ) 0.506*** (0.127) 0.624*** (0.137) 0.60 F 2.20* 2.45** (VIF) R (10.00) :N=282 * ** *** ( β = ρ < 0.001) ( β = ) 5% 1 0.3% 0-1 (0.04) [45] 1 ( β = ρ < 0.05) 2 :N= % 2 GDP [46] 1 [47] :N=

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