Dark Age. Hellenistic Period. Roman Period 27 BC AD 476

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Ῥεβέκκα Ἑλένη Αλεξίου
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1 Greek Mythology

2 Syllabus

4 Bronze Age BC Dark Age Archaic Period BC Classical Period BC Hellenistic Period BC Roman Period 27 BC AD 476

5 Bronze Age Hellas (Mycenæan) Cyclades Crete (Minoan)

6 Minoans (Crete) Middle Bronze Age

9 Minoan household goddess

10 Minoan fresco, Knossos, Crete

11 Minoan seal with labrys

12 Minoan carved labrys

13 Mycenæans ~1600 BC to ~1150 BC Late Bronze

15 Megaron

16 Wilusa Hittites, Luwians Mycenæans Phœnicians Egyptians

17 ~1150 BC

18 οἱ Ἕλληνες, οἱ Πανέλληνες Hellēnes, Panhellēnes ὁ Ἕλλην Hellēn ἡ Ἑλένη Helĕn Grāī, Græcī: Roman name

19 Archaic Period BC Classical Period BC Hellenistic Period BC

20 Archaic Period BC

21 Archaic Period BC πόλις polis ἀλφάβητος alphabet τύραννος tyrant money

22 Archaic Period BC Iliad Homer Odyssey Homeric Hyms Hesiod Theogony Works and Days

23 Archaic Period BC Second Persian War ὁ τῶν Περσῶν μέγας βασιλεὺς Ξέρξης Xerxes the Great King of the Persians 480 BC

24 Classical Period BC democracy monarchy oligarchy Ionians Dorians Athens Sparta

25 Athens Ionia Sparta

26 Classical Period BC γυμνάσιον, συμπόσιον, παιδεραστία gymnasium, symposium, pederasty ἑταίρα hetaira ( escort ) παρθένος, νύμφη, γυνή parthenos, nymph, gyne virgin, bride, wife

27 Classical Period BC Philosophy ὁ Πλάτων Plato

28 Classical Period BC Tragedy ὁ Αἰσχύλος Æschylus ὁ Σοφοκλῆς Sophocles ὁ Εὐριπίδης Euripides

29 Classical Period BC ὁ Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μέγας Alexander the Great active BC

30 Hellenistic Period BC Rome Macedonia Carthage Seleucia Alexandria

31 Hellenistic Period BC Μουσαῖον Museum Library at Alexandria

32 Hellenistic Period BC Romans Titus Quinctius Flaminius 196 BC Lucius Mummius Achaicus 146 BC

33 What is myth?

34 Plato s Four Levels of Understanding 1 τὸ ὄνομα to onoma name name, word, slogan 2 ὁ λόγος ho logos account definition, history, rational explanation 3 τὸ εἴδωλον to eidōlon image picture, myth, allegory 4 ἡ ἐπιστήμη hē epistēmē knowledge your understanding 5 ὃ δὴ γνωστόν τε καῖ ἀληθῶς ἐστιν ὄν what is knowable and really exists what you re trying to understand

35 To which level belongs a story about Psyche (=the soul) pursuing Eros (=the god of desire)? the history of the 300 Spartans dying in battle against the Persian army at Thermopylæ? learning that Jupiter is the Latin name for the Greek god Zeus? a scholar s interpretation of a myth? a vase painting depicting Hermes and Apollo?

36 tradition religion myth cult ritual philosophy literature & art

37 Pliny makes a sacrifice to the genius (protective spirit) of the emperor. Ovid writes a poem about a nymph turning into a tree. Apuleius writes a story about Cupid and Psyche ( Desire and the Soul ) as a way of explaining the rites of initiation into the mysteries of Isis, but also to encode something inexplicable about the soul s desire for truth.

38 Are myths true or false?

39 Xenophanes πάντα θεοῖσ ἀνέθηκαν Ὅμηρός θ' Ἡσίοδός τε, ὅσσα παρ ἀνθρώποισιν ὀνείδεα καὶ ψόγος ἐστίν, κλέπτειν μοιχεύειν τε καὶ ἀλλήλους ἀπατεύειν. Αἰθίοπές τε θεοὺς σφετέρους σιμοὺς μέλανάς τε Θρῇκές τε γλαυκοὺς καὶ πυρρούς φασι πέλεσθαι. So, what kind of men were Homer and Hesiod?

40 Euhumerus Palæphatus

41 μῦθος mythos λόγος logos undemonstrable truth resting on traditional authority demonstrable truth deriving authority from its own logic communal responsibility author takes responsibility Martin, R The Language of Heroes. Ithaca, NY.

42 divine myth gods legend / saga elite heroes folktale everyone else

43 The fox tricks the wolf into sparing the sheep Hermes steals cattle from Apollo Demeter holds a mortal boy over a hearth fire to make him invulnerable Agamemnon, king of the Greeks, leads an army against the people of Troy

44 Can we taxonify myth by function?

45 allegory philosophic allegory mystery

46 ætiological myth creation myth cosmogony theogony foundation myth charter myth Cambridge ritual theory etymology

47 eschatological myth soteriological myth

48 Women are considered untrustworthy because Pandora could not control her curiosity Zeus was born of Cronus, who was born of Uranus Dionysus conquered death, and he will share his secrets with worthy initiates into his cult Aphrodite went into her temple, where her priestesses washed and bathed her. Æneas escaped from Troy and built Rome.

49 Freud Individual Unconscious Jung Collective Unconscious

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