C%8 8. Ibg b:a ikwmga 9. +>meabr =>=gdre: :. gds b:a >ha>mwd>eg +>wmgp :dga;sp L8A# I

Transcript

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4 @. IKge A:ccabh:KabW sdg M:etoe k Rhmgke 6 4 =a:ik:khzi>ap lok>aesp i@d:kg=wk@i@p ( 2 8 : W :kkrp ikge hz@e sdg M:etoe ). +g :h:l>tg LoK>aesp I@d:Kg=WK@i@p, Ik<bgaeoeaZe b:a Akbcglght:p =a:m>aht?>k:a Kg iwik@d: Koe lok>aeze i@d:kg=gkze d> /K bkbcglght:p Kw gk M I G R A C E N T R A L b:a ikh:k@<abrp bkbcglgha:bze hg<h:ddrkoe T A S S b:a T U C. a ikh:k@<abrp :kkrp > akhr, gke ikekgeaid W b:a > aksh@i@ Koe bwd;oe b:azp b:a K@ =a:m>thai@ K@p bte@i@p d> d>k:;:ccwd>e: hg<hrdd:k: ik:a>hsp b:a d>k:;c@ksp >haw=gk K: g gt: c>akgkh<gwe d>:eame>kkrp?sk@k@p / :hrk:i@p mhwegk, :eame>kkrp drkh@i@p bkbcglgha:bze lwhkoe d, gkkwe =a:;ri>oe >?Ze, :e: <<>ct>p ;c:;ze drio S M S b:a gccr bkbcglgha:br KltiK:K:a. ><b>bhadre@ : W Kg 2 E>DrK@ =a:m>uiai@q CLCDHlHIU:Q C:a ikrae>li@q<a: Kg gc>g=gdabw ik<bhwk@d: M:etoe g gt: >tm> :e:k>a>t : W K@e C Kgk Krop KGMO. d>crk@ :cw K>a b <>o<h:labr Kg iwegcg Kgk brekhgk K@p Wc@p. a hgkri>ap K@p d>crk@p :kksp (imsd: gh<reoi@p K@p bkbcglght:p, =a:m>thai@ ikrad>ki@p, =@dwia: ik<bgaeoet:, >?W=hgdga, g=@c:kw=hgdga b:a =hwdga s a:p bkbcglght:p ) rmgke <te>a : g=>bkrp : W Kg sdg R, =>e :cc rmgke kcg ga@a>t :bwd@ >bkwp d>dgeodreoe KltiK:K:a ><b>bhadreg :>eacw GHD>H=HEaCW Imr=aH <a: Kg gc>g=gdabw ik<bhwk@d: M:etoe Igw=:p b:a rmgke :e:a>k>t d>crk>p :e:a>zh@i@p b:a > rbk:i@p b:a <a: Kgkp >ha:ikabgwp hz@e sdgkp kerik@i:e gk i Kge A:ccabh:KabW sdg M:etoe +g. :.G.I. =a:kk Ze>a Kap ;:iabrp b:k>kawei>ap b:a > acg<rp <a: K@e :er Kkf@ K@p Wc b:a d>k:fw Rccoe, b:k@<ghag ga>t Kap klaikrd>e>p +g bgaegkabw rh<g A G I L E, h:<d:k>w>k:a K@ =@dagkh<t: eroe ikik@drkoe cr<mgk > <a: K@e : gk>c>id:kabs b:a :il:cs c>akgkh<t: ikik@drkoe >cr<mgk d><rc@p bctd:b:p. IK: c:tia: Kgk rh<gk A: <te>a >l:hdg<s roe Koe e d>ag=gcg<aze i> =wg d><rc@p bctd:b:p ikiksd:k: : ikg bkbcglgha:bw =tbkkg Kgk sdgk M:etoe d> ibg W K@ ;rckaik@ :kkwd:k@hwadai@ Koe lok>aeze i@d:kg=gkze, b:a i> re: bkshag K aikg s s e l K@p :>hd:et:p d> ibg W K@e > tk>kf@ >fgabgewd@i@p >erh<>a:p drio rfk eoe ikh:k@<abze >cr<mgk IKg rh<g. A G I L E, g sdgp M:etoe A: >te:a k >wakegp <a: K@e :hgms Koe =>=gdreoe bkbcglgha:bze lwhko e, K@e > t;c>n@ K@p ioiksp b:a : hwibg K@p c>akgkh<t:p Koe ikik@drkoe KWig b:kr K@e >htg=g Koe =gbadze Wig b:a b:kr K@e >htg=g dwead@p h<t:p c>akgk. G>haiiWK>h>p c@hglght>p ikge aikwkg hg t t p: / /w w w.c h a n i a.g r /p r e s s-r e l e a s e/d t a r x e i o / i k l.h t m l V. IKg c:tiag Kgk hg<hrdd:kgp I n t e r r e g - a:ikegha:bsp I I I Ike>h<:it:p «ccr=: Aw hgp » g sdgp M:etoe ikdd>krm>a ik@e kcg gt@i@ K@p hwk:i@p <a: K@e 8GaH «HU@i@ K>meHDH<aZe :ametq ik@e D@IPET miti@q C:a =a:m>uiai@ =@EWiaPe mzipe ikrae>li@q». ikwmgp Kgk hgk>aewd>egk rh<gk >te:a g im>=a:idwp kcg gt@i@ >ewp hokg gha:bgw ikiksd:kgp gk :kkgd:kg ga>t b:a : cgkik>w>a Kap =a:=ab:it>p gk :lghgwe K@e c@hods mhsi@p b:a K@ =a:m>thai@ =a:lwhoe b:k@<ghaze =@dwiaoe mzhoe ikrad>ki@p +g. hgk>aewd>eg iwik@d: A: ;:it?>k:a i> b:aegkwd>p cwi>ap : W K@ mhsi@ hg@<dreoe aze K>megcg< : W Kge Kgdr: Koe K>megcg<aZe c@hglghabsp b:a > abgaeoeaze (+G ) W op Koe :iwhd:koe =abkwoe ( w i r e l e s s n e t w o r k s ) b:a Koe =abkwoe :aia@kshoe ( s e n s o r s ) b:azp b:a >f>a=ab>kdregk cg<aidabgw (<a: Ri@p =a:m>thai@ ; =>=gdreoe b:a Koe d@m:eaidze > >f>h<:it:p c@hglghaze -mh>zi>oe. H ><b:krik:i@ Kgk ikiksd:kgp :hmabr A: h:<d:kg ga@a>t i> KgkcRmaiKge re: mzhg ikrad>ki@p ikg sdg M:etoe b:a ikg sdg #>kboit:p, >ez :hrcc@c: A: Kg ga>k@agwe :e:<eohaikabr i> 2 5 KgkcRmaiKge gmsd:k: i> bra> sdg G>haiiWK>h>p. c@hglght>p ikge aikwkg g h t t p: / /w w w.c h a n i a.g r /p r e s s-r e l e a s e/d t a r x e i o / o k l.h t m l :hgwi: d>crk@ A: hr >a e: ;:iaik>t ikap :h:brko :hmrp, gk : gk>cgwe b:a Kgkp iki:k@<achxq ikwmhlq K@Q : 8eR Kkf@ Koe c>akgkh<aze K@p Wc@p i> lacabw b:a :eahz aeg >ha;rccge, gikshaf@ b:a k Koe c>akgkh<aze :kkze d> :ikabrp ik<bgaeoet>p kn@cgw > a r=gk 8eR=>af@ K@p lkiag<eodt:p K@p Wc@p b:a Kgk hwcgk K@p ik@e >khwk>h@ >hagms l:hdg<s iw<mhgeoe d>aw=oe b:a ikh:k@<abze ik@e ab:eg gt@i@ Koe :e:<bze <a: d>k:baesi>ap l:hdg <s K>meabZe <a: K@e hgircbki@ > aib> KZe <a: =arlghgkp ibg gwp (>d ghabgwp, gcakaikabgwp, =agtb@i@p, :e:nkmsp bc ) 9>cKaiKg gt@i@ K@p =a:c>akgkh<abwk@k:p b:a K@p =a:khg abwk@k:p Kgk ikiksd:kgp :ikabze ik<bgaeoeaze b:a Kgk >khwk>hgk ikiksd:kgp :ikabze :lghze d>k C>toi@ K@p >e>h<>a:bsp b:k:ercoi@p b:a Koe >b gd Ze C O 2 (c a r b o n f o o t p r i n) t Koe :ikabze d>k:lghze 9>cKtoi@ K@p ;aoiadwk@k:p K@p :ikabsp bae@kabwk@k:p L8A# I H: K, i>c 4

5 . +M%!A 8 F$% 8 +I $B+I (<)!. "8! 8%+!"<!$<% $<#<+* G >hagms d>crk@p >te:a :labs >hagms gk b:cw K>a g sdgp M:etoe. 9:iabW :ekab>td>egk@p d>crk@p >b We@i@ im>=tgk <a: K@ =a:m>thai@ b:a Kg im>=a:idw ikiksd:kgp dabhze c>olgh>toe gk A: bwha: Kg brekhg Koe M:etoeb:a K@e G:caR GWc@, >ek:<dregk ikg >khwk>hg iwi K@d: :ikabze d>k:lghze b:a bae@kabwk@k:p, gk ikd >hac:d;re>a Kg k Wcga g iwik@d: Crioe C:?absp C>K:lghRp (CCC ), Kg iwik@d: >c><mwd>e@p ikrad>ki@p, Kg =tbkkg bc>aikze mzhoe ikrad>ki@p, Kg iwik@d: lok>aesp i@d:kg=wk@i@p b:a =a:m>thai@p K@p bkbcglght:p b:azp b:a Kap k g=gdrp <a: >?gwp b:a g=sc:k:. IKWmgp Kgk im>=a:idgw >te:a e: =ke:kwk@k: ikgkp d>k:baegwd>egkp gctk>p e: : :cc:<gwe e : W K@ :er<b@ mhsi@p <a: Kap d>k:baesi>ap Kgkp hgp K@e G:caR GWc@, K@e :h:ca:bs?ze@ habw b:a brekhg. Kg >d g =a:=ab:it: b:krikhoi@p Kgk im>=tgk :hahze>k:a ik: :bwcgka: 3 ;:iabr ;sd:k: (: ) :ercki@ : b:a : gktd@i@ K@p klaikrd>e@p b:krik:i@p ikg iwik@d: CCC ikg c:tiag K@p ;aziad@p :ikabsp bae@kabwk@k:p, (; ) Kge gcgbc@hodreg im>=a:idw Kgk ikiksd:kgp (=a:=hgdrp ikri>ap,, :hrd>khga b.g.b.-3 ) d> >e:cc:bkabrp 2 cwi>ap b:a (< K@e ) gcgbc@hodre@ :fagcw<@i@ Kgk ikiksd:kgp b:a Koe > a KZi>Ze Kgk, d> K>cabW ikwmg K@e ikegcabs ;>ckaikg gt@is Kgk. A:tha: :hrd>khgp ik@e >b We@i@ K@p d>crk@p :kksp c>ki@ =a:;gw d> Kgkp bgaeoeabgwp, gabgegdabgwp b:a =agab@kabgwp lgh>tp gk im>kt?gek:a d> Kg :ekab>td>eg b:a K: hgvwek: K@p d>crk@p. 9:iabs gk sdgk > a=tof@ K > tk>kf@ ike:ektc@n@p d> Kgkp lgh>tp :kkgwp ZiK> e: d><aikg : g=gms b:a >a:,, iker ;aoiadwk@k: Koe :h>d;ri>oe gk A: hgk:agwe. a d>c>k@krp A: bc@agwe e: =a:=h:d:ktigke b:k:ckkabw Wcg h ik@ =a:=ab:it: =a:;gwc>ki@p, :hrmgek:p :bha;s b:a r<bkh@ c@hglwh@i@ im>kabr iwik@d: d> Kg dabhze c>olgh>toe b:a Kap > a=wi>ap b:a > a KZi>ap i> Wcgkp Kgk Kgkp ikdd>krmgek>p ik@ =a:=ab:it:. :a: Kg cw<g :kkw A: hr >a e: :la>hoagwe ik@ =a:=ab:it: =a:;gwc>ki@p i@d:ekabgt :eahz aega b:a K>meabgt Whga. > t;c>n@ K@p d>crk@p A: <te>a : W K@e +>meabs Kgk g gt: >kawe>k:a <a: cgwa@i@ K@e :h:bg K@p :hgwi:p iwd;:i@p, K@e Ksh@i@ Koe Whoe K@p : W Kge 8eR=gmg b:a K@ =a:kw oi@ Koe >ai@<si>oe b:a :h:k@hsi>oe im>kabze d> Kg :ekab>td>eg K@p iwd;:i@p hgp 8hms. < $<%8 "8! *+!.<!8 a>kawegki: A: =a:ari>a ikgkp d>c>k@krp Wi: : W K: : :h:tk@k: m:hkg<h:labr k W;:Ah: >te:a =a:ariad: s dghls. 8bWd@, A: d>hadesi>a <a: K@ =a>kbwckei@ Koe d>c>k@kze ik@ ikccg<s Wcoe Koe =>=gdreoe gk A: : :ak@agwe : W Kgkp =@dwiagkp b:a a=aokabgwp lgh>tp gk im>kt?gek:a g d> K :ekab>td>eg K@p d>crk@p. a d>c>k@krp A: hr >a e: ik<b>ekhzigke b:a : g=>ckazigke d> =abr Kgkp dri: K: ikgam>t: gk K:a : <a: :akgwe K@e RhKa: >b We@i@ K@p d>crk@p. e=>abkabr :e:lrhgek:a : ikgam>t: im>kabr d> K@e gawk@k: K@p k g=gdsp Kgk ikiksd:kgp lghze d>k: (g=abw =tbkkg, ikrad>ki@, =@dwia>p ik<bgaeoet>p, =@dwiagp mzhgp ), ikgam>t: im>kabr d> Kg > t >=g Kgk ikiksd:kgp CCC, ikgam>t: d>k:baesi>oe b:a ikrad>ki@p, ikgam>t: im>kabr d> K@e g=abs :ilrc>a:, hgkadsi>ap Koe mh@ikze ( h:<d:kg ga@dre>p s /b:a =@codre>p ), ike:l>tp d>crk>p, rh<: b:a :h>d;ri>ap gk hg<h:dd:kt?gek:a ik@e >hagms d>crk@p s K@e : W Kg sdg M:etoe b:a Rccgkp lgh>tp, +: ik<b>bhadre: ikgam>t: b:a =>=gdre:, K: m:h:bk@haikabr Kgkp (c.m. dr<>agp =>a<drkoe, Kw ga b.g.b. ) b:a ga KhW ga ikccg<sp Kgkp A: hr >a e: :e:l>hagwe ikg K>wmgp K@p +>meabsp GhgilghRp b:a A: : gk>crigke ikgam>tg L8A# I H: K, i>c 5

6 hgilghrp. a d>c>k@krp A: hr >a e: > acrfgke Kap d>aw=gkp b:a h<:c>t: K: > (dgekrc: / hwkk : ) gk bhtegke i:e : gk>c>id:kabwk>h: <a: K@e >b We@i@ K@p d>crk@p. a > acg<rp Koe d>c>k@kze A: :e:l>hagwe ikg K@p K>wmgp +>meabsp GhgilghRp b:a A: : gk>crigke ikgam>tg :fagcw<@i@p K@p gawk@k:p K@p hgilghrp. $< #!"<* "8+<,,%*<!* ikccg<s b:a > >f>h<:it: =>=gdreoe ( h;c ap. hri>ap K 8 1, 8 2 b:a 8 3:h:bRKo ) hr >a e: =a>f:ma>t d> K@ dr<aik@ =ke:ks gabgegdt: Whoe. :>eabs :hms K@p 8e:ArKgki:p 8hmsp >te:a ik@e :ercki@ magwe e: ikcc> b:a mh@iadg ga@agwe dweg K: ikgam>t: >b>te : gk >te:a : WckK: : :h:tk@k: <a: K@e >e@drhoi@ Koe lghroe gk A: ikdd>krimgke ikap =a:=ab:it>p =a:;gwc>ki@p b:a K@ =a:kw oi@ Koe gaoe=s gk> hgkri>oe. a g ga>i=s gk> hgkri>ap hr >a e: >te:a : WckK: K>bd@haodre>p, Wma dweg : W K@e R gn@ Koe ol>c>aze gk :e:dre>k:a e: > alrhgke, :ccr b:a : W K@e R gn@ K@p ;rckaik@p rek:fsp Kgkp ikg :eaho g<>erp b:a lkiabw >ha;rccge. Iwdloe: d> K: :h: K>bd@htoi@ Koe hgkri>oe hr >a e: ;:it?>k:a (: ) i> r<bkh>p hg;crn>ap s /b:a >bkadsi>ap Koe ike:lze d>k:lghabze :h:drkhoe (ikd >halghr mh@ikze, bkbcglgha:brp hgrp b:a d>k:;c@krp b.g.b. ) b:a (; ) i> :bha;>tp >bkadsi>ap Koe > a KZi>Ze Kgkp ikg :eaho g<>erp, bgaeoea gabgegdabw b:a lkiabw >ha;rccge. :a: Kg ibg W :kkw, ga d>c>k@krp hr >a e: > acrfgke b:krcc@c: c>t: >h<: (cg<aidabw, hwkk : bc. ) gk e: m:h:bk@ht?gek:a : W =a:lre>a: ikgkp k gcg<aidgwp b:a ik: gkp hgvwek:. K I@d:eKabW ;Rhgp =te>k:a > ti@p ikge >ekg aidw aa:eze bae=weoe gk d gh>t e: m:h:bk@ht?gke dt: hgk>aewd>e@ :hrd;:i@. a bte=kega :kkgt A: a hr e: > ik?@k@agwe :e:ckkabr ikap =a:=ab:it>p =a:;gwc>ki@p b:a, :e Kg dr<>agp s Kg >t=gp Kgkp >te:a =ke:kw e: hgb:crigke =kimrh>a>p A: kcg gt@i hr >a e: g=@<sigke ik@e b:krikhoi@ >e:cc:bkabze cwi>oe d> ;>ckaikg ga@dre: m:h:bk@haikabr. L8A# I H: K, i>c 6

7 :. F$ A8! G H!MF$%F +I $B+I -8*<!* +* $<#<+* d>crk@ A: >b ge@a>t i> re: ( 1 ) IKR=ag A: b:a =a:hahoa>t i> =wg =a:bhakrp lri>ap : A L8I : aric>a: KI>UQ (3 ) ETe>Q (d@ ikd >hac:d;:egdreoe Koe ><bhti>oe ) )8* "8+8)8- & 8E! (!*!< %,* <$(<!)!8 * hri@ 8 1 :lghr ik@e b:k:<h:ls b:a : gktd@i@ K@p =a>aegwp >d >aht:p im>kabr d> Kge im>=a:idw, K@e kcg gt@i@ b:a K@e >bd>krcc>ki@ =abkwoe dabhze c>olgh>toe d> rdl:i@ i> =tbkk: gk :lghgwe aikghabr brekh: b:a Wc>ap G:hgkiaR?geK:a. ikeg KabR -3 2b:crp h: bkabrp Wc>oe gk hgigdgar?gke d> K: M:eaR. )8* 8 2-8( +!$*,-!*+8$<%* "8+8*+8** 8 klaikrd>e@ b:krik:i@ ikge Kgdr: Koe d:?abze d>k:lghze (=tbkkg :ikabze b:a k >h:ikabze ik<bgaeoeaze, > t >=g ikgam>t: d>k:lghabsp?sk@i@p gabgegdabr, b:a K>meabR ikgam>t:, iwik@d: c@hglwh@i@p, Kadgcg<a:bs gcakabs, :ercki@?sk@i@p bc ). G:hRcc@c: : hgi;:iadwk@k: ga b:a ikeasb>p bae@kabwk@k:p b:a bkbcglght:p ikap >k:tia@k>p >hagmrp K@p Wc@p (aikghabw brekhg Wc@, / bc G:caR. ) G 8 bwd@ A: ikcc>ma gwe ikgam>t: gk A: : gkk Zegke i> :=hrp <h:ddrp K@e klaikrd>e@ b:krik:i@ op hgp K@e >ha;:ccgekabs gawk@k: (:rha: hw :ei@, AWhk;gp, :aia@kabs K@p Wc@p ), b:azp b:a K@e gc>g=gdabs Kgkh<t: c>a K@p Wc@p i> imri@ d> Kap :ikabrp d>k:lghrp ekg aidwp (> m:h:bk@haikabze?oeze K@p Wc@p W op c.m.?ze@ b>ekhabze =h:ik@hagkskoe, :hm:agcg<abgt mzhga,?ze>p >c>wa>hgk mhwegk, gcakaidgw b:a nkm:<o<t:p akgearp, <> b:kgabt:p b.g.b. ). hri@ 8 2 b:k:cs<>a d> Kge >ekg aidw Koe hg;c@drkoe gk im>kt?gek:a Wcgkp d> Kgkp Kgd>tp gk hg:e:lrhgek:a, K@e :ektikgam@ a>hrhm@is Kgkp Kge b:a >ekg aidw Koe ikwmoe gk hr >a e: K>Agwe <a: K@e :ekad>kz ais Kgkp, d> :e:lghr ikgkp :ektikgamgkp mhgeabgwp ght?gek>p. +g K@p hgvwe hri@p 8 2 A: : gk>cri>a b:a kcabw <a: K@ =a:; gwc>ki@ gk A: h:<d:kg ga@a>t. :a: Kg cw<g :kkw, Kg kcabw :kkw A: hr >a e: >te:a d> ike>bkabw, :ccr e: > akhr >a K@e : WckK@ b:k:ew@is Kgk : W Kgkp lgh>tp gk A: bc@agwe e: ikdd>krimgk e ik@ =a:=ab:it: =a:;gwc>ki@p. )8* *,## *,$(#)0$8+!" 0% < $<%0% IK@ hri@ 8 3 g :er=gmgp A: ikccrf>a K: ikgam>t: >b>te: gk, b:kr K@e bhti@ Kgk, A: K@e > akhrngke =a:kw oi@ Koe hgkri>oe ik@ ikerm>a: K@p d>crk@p (hri@ 8 4 b:a >l>fsp ). +: =>=gdre: A: hr >a e: ikcc><gwe d> gabgegdt: :ccr, :hrcc@c:, A: hr a > e: K>bd@hZegke : WckK: Kap hgkri>ap gk A: =a:kk oagwe. Mh:bK@haiKabR :e:lrh>k:a WKa A: : :ak@a>t b:a dabhsp bctd:b:p gagkabs rh>ke: hgkadsi>oe e / Koe hgari>o d>k:baegwd>eoe gcakze. ARA> :hrd;:i@ A: =a:kk oa>t i> :=hrp <h:ddrp, d> KhW g ZiK> e: bw K>a hg i:lzp Kg lkiabw K@p :ekab>td>eg b:a K: K>meabR b:a c>akgkh<abr K@p m:h:bk@haikabr. >ha<h:ls bra> :hrd;:i@p A: hr >a KhW e: g <te>a d> ZiK> e: >te:a >bktd@i@ Koe > a KZi>Ze K@p i> hgb:k:hbkabw > t >=g. )8* 8 4 *.<!8*$ * *,*+$8+ * IK@ hri@ 8 4 g :er=gmgp A: hgk>te>a rop 3 >e:cc:bkabrp cwi>ap ikiksd:kgp dabhze c>olgh>toe d> Wc: K : ikgam>t: gk A: > akhr gke K@e >bktd@i@ K@p >bd>krcc>ki@p & b:azp b:a Kgk ikewcgk Koe > a KZi>oe Kgk ikiksd:kgp. L8A# I H: K, i>c 7

8 )8* 8 5 *.$8!8.<!)!** *,*+$8+ * IK@ hri@ 8 5 g :er=gmgp A: >ikari>a ikg imsd: ( hwkk g ) =a:m>thai@p & >bd>krcc>ki@p Koe >e:cc:bkabze cwi>oe Kgk ikiksd:kgp, ikd >hac:d;:egdreoe b:a K@p bgikgcw<@i@p d> k W=>af@ Koe KhW oe >f>wh>i@p e Ko gabgegdabze Whoe gk : :akgwek:a. )8* 8 6!8*,%<* $< + *,*+$8 8*+!"0% $<+8- )0 % +0%.8%!0% IK@ hri@ 8 6 g :er=gmgp A: >ikari>a ik@e >bktd@i@ K@p =a:iwe=>i@p >e:cc:bkabze Koe cwi>oe Kgk ikiksd:kgp d> Kg k Wcga g iwik@d: :ikabze d>k:lghze Koe M:etoe, d> rdl:i@ ikg =tbkkg =@dwiaoe k<bgaeoeaze i, Kgkp mzhgkp ikrad>ki@p, Kgkp mzhgkp bte@i@p >?Ze b:a g=@crkoe b:a Kg iwik@d: lok>aesp i@d:kg=wk@i@p K@p Wc@p. G:I:=HKr: 8 LRi@Q G 1 : 8e:ckKabs rba>i@ W gk A: :hgkiar?gek:a :e:ckkabr b:a K>bd@haodre: K: ikgam>t: gk :lghgwe hri>ap ikap , d> Kgkp :ektikgamgkp ikeg=>kkabgwp (: ) mrhk>p i> b:krcc@c@ bctd:b: b:a (; ) te:b>p =>=gdreoe. G 2 : bk>c>ikabs Iwegn@ K@p >h<:it:p K@p 8 LRi@p, gk A: ikegnt?>a K: >khsd:k: b:a K: ghtid:k: Koe >h<:iaze K@p 8 LRi@p d> > acg<s Koe aw m:h:bk@haikabz e m:hkze b:a aerboe i> b:krcc@cg dr<>agp (8 4 s 8 3 ). B L8I : aric>a: KI>UQ ( 3 ETe>Q ) (d@ ikd >hac:d;:egdreoe Koe ><bhti>oe ) )8* <"+!$* <(!(+0*<0% +, *,*+$8+ * IK@ hri@ 9 1, g :er=gmgp A: hgmohsi>a ik@e >bktd@i@ Koe > a KZi>oe bra> darp W Kap : >e:cc:bkabrp cwi>ap Kgk ikiksd:kgp dabhze c>olgh>toe ikg lkiabw b:a :eaho g<>erp >ha;rccge (d> rdl:i@ ik@e >e>h<>a:bs =arik:i@ ) d> >ekg aidw Koe >kb:ahaze b:a bae=weoe aa:ezp gk e: hgbw Kgke. )8* ( #,")!+)!8" 8E! # * IK@ hri@ 9 2, g :er=gmgp A: h:<d:kg gasi>a ik<bhakabs gckbhak@ha:bs :fagcw<@i@ Koe >e:cc:bkabze cwi>oe Kgk ikiksd:kgp dabhze c>olgh>toe ik@ ;Ri@ K@p >bktd@i@p Koe > a KZi>oe b:a Koe m:h:bk@haikabze >bd>krcc>ki@p bra> da:p. ik<bhakabs :fagcw<@i@ A: > akhrn>a K@e >af@ :er= K@p b:cwk>h@p ikegcabr cwi@p <a: Kg iwik@d:. Wc@ =a:=ab:it: A: =a>f:ma>t i> ike>h<:it: d> Kge sdg b:a Rccgkp ike:hdw=agkp A+# lgh>tp ( bc. ) gk A: b:aghaikgwe : W bgaegw, ZiK> e: >eiod:koagwe ik@ =a:=ab:it: ga gcakabrp b:a bgaeoeabr hgk>h:awk@k>p gk A: hr >a e: c@lagwe k Wn@. +g hgvwe K@p hri@p 9 2 A: : gk>cri>a b:a kcabw <a: K@ =a:;gwc>ki@ gk A: h:<d:kg ga@a>t :hrcc@c: :a: Kg. cw<g :kkw, Kg kcabw :kkw A: hr >a e: >te:a d>e ike>bkabw, :ccr e: > akhr >a K@e : WckK@ gk : b:k:ew@is W Kgkp K l gh>tp gk A: bc@agwe e: ikdd>krimgke ik@ =a:=ab:it: =a:;gwc>ki@p. )8* 9 3-8%8#,* " *+,* - -<#,* IKg c:tiag K@p hri@p 9 3 A: h:<d:kg :ercki@ bwikgkp glrcgkp bra> darp : W Kap >e:cc:bkabrp cwi>ap ZiK> e: >bkad@agwe b:a ga mh@d:kg -gabgegdabrp =a:ikri>ap Kgkp. +: ghtid:k: : W K@e :ercki@ bwikgkp glrcgkp A: ike=k:ikgwe d> K: ghtid:k: : W K@e ik<bhakabs gckbhak@ha:bs :fagcw<@i@ ZiK> e: hgbwn>a Kg K>cabW : gkrc>id: K@p ikegcabsp =a:=ab:it:p :fagcw<@i@p, ;rckaik@ cwi@. IK@ hri@ 9 3 A: =a>h>ke@agwe ga =ke:kwk@k>p mh@d:kg=wk@i@p Kgk ikiksd:kgp : W Wc>p Kap mh@d:kg=wk@i@p, >ez A: > ai@d:eagwe b:a ga bte=kega gk d gh>t e: >dl:eaiagwe ik@e kcg gt@i@ =tgk Kgk Im> b:azp b:a ga KhW ga :ekad>kz aisp Kgkp. )8* <(!"8!) (!* & 9<#+!*+ (!* +, *,*+$8+ * hri@ 9 4 A: >ikari>a ik@e ghaikabg gt@i@ K@p K>cabR hgk>aewd>e@p ;rckaik@p cwi@p ik@d: <a: dabhze Kg iw L8A# I H: K, i>c 8

9 c>olgh>toe d> K: ghtid:k: ikegcabsp A: b:cwk>h@ ap : W K >e:cc:bkabrp cwi>ap gk >f>krik@b:e i> Wc@ K@ =arhb>a: K@p d>crk@p, d> aa:erp dabhgkhg g gasi>ap gk > akhr gke K@e ;>ckaikg gt@is K@p, c:d;regek:p k Wn@ Kgkp bae=wegkp b:a Kap >kb:aht>p gk :e >ekg b:azp tik@b b:a K: mh@d:kg -gabgegdabr b:a c>akgkh<abr ikgam >t:. G:I:=HKr: LRi@Q G 3 : 8e:ckKabs rba>i@ W gk A: :hgkiar?gek:a :e:ckkabr b:a K>bd@haodre: K: ikgam>t: gk :lghgwe hri>ap ikap , d> Kgkp :ektikgamgkp ikeg=>kkabgwp (: ) mrhk>p i> b:krcc@c@ bctd:b: b:a (; ) te:b>p =>=gdreoe. G 2 : bk>c>ikabs Iweg n@ K@p >h<:it:p K@p 9 LRi@p, gk A: ikegnt?>a K: >khsd:k: b:a K: ghtid:k: Koe >h<:iaze K@p 9 LRi@p d> > acg<s Koe aw m:h:bk@haikabze m:hkze b:a aerboe i> b:krcc@cg dr<>agp (8 4 s 8 3 ). >e=ard>igp mhwegp >cr<moe ><bhti>oe bra> LRi@p >te:a re:p se:p ( 1 ) d : W K@e gcgbcshoi@ K@p :ektikgam@p LRi@p. <%<!"+!".) %!8)8$$8 L8I!I $B+I M H N EI LRi@ 8 2<bhai@ LRi@p 8 LRi@ 2<bhai@ LRi@p 9 +>cabs :h:c:;s L8A# I H: K, i>c 9

10 . +,MFI GHFA+!$0$%I 8$F!I k gcg<aidwp K@p :dga;sp r<ae> iwdloe: d> Kap <>eabrp b:a >a=abrp =a:krf>ap Kgk b:egeaidgw hg>bkadzd>eoe :dga;ze d>c>kze b:a Kgk % / (W K.8. C /: /g / , ). Iwdloe: d> Kg RhAhg :%. K@p 4 hg:e:l>hwd>e@p K.8 ga., :dga;rp Koe d@m:eabze b:aght?gek:a op :bgcgwaop (K C = 1 ). G!GF $G!H!8 $HF$!I!F 8 C><:cwK>h@ : W 2 0 rk@ khz 9 8 W 1 0 rop b:a 2 0 rk@ khz : Crmha b:a 1 0 rk@ khz hg>bktd@i@ K@p :dga;sp k gcg<tik@b> ;Ri>a K@p =ark:f@p Kgk RhAhgk :%. 4 =awka ga d>crk>p Kgk Kw gk :kkgw =>e >hac:d;regek:a ikap d>crk>p gk :d>t;gek:a ;Ri>a >a=abze hg;crn>oe b:kr Kge b:egeaidw hg>bkadzd>e oe :dga;ze. I@d>aZe>K:a i@d>haes Kads b Kgk = 1,2 K4 9 (;Ri>a K@p ><bkbctgk 1 7 /< / 0 1 / 2 7 /L.% Kgk KG Iwdloe: d> K: :h: Reo r<ae> k gcg<aidwp Koe :eaho g@d>hze : :imwc@i@p b:a Koe :ektikgamoe :dga;ze a: bra> < b:k@<ght: d@m:eabze :ercg<: d> Kap > adrhgkp >h<:it>p b:a hgrbkn:e K: >fsp : (!%8"8*,( #!*$, 8% )0( $<)0% & 8$!90% H8I GH!:H8L H:8 I!8I 8G8IMFBI (: *@ErI>Q ) hri@ 8 1 A:K:<h:ls & :fag gt@i@ =a>aegwp >d >aht:p 5 hri@ gktd@i@ klaikrd>e@p b:krik:i@p ik: M:eaR 5 hri@ 8 3 Ikccg<s ikd c@hod:kabze =>=gdreoe 1 0 hri@ 8 4 Im>=a:idWp ikiksd:kgp - >e:cc:bkabrp cwi>ap 1 0 hri@ 8 5 Imsd: >bd>krcc>ki@p ikiksd:kgp 6 hri@ 8 6 a:iwe=>i@ d> Kg iwik@d: :ikabze d>k:lghze Koe M:etoe 4 hri@ 9 1 bktd@i@ > a KZi>oe Kgk ikiksd:kgp 1 3 hri@ 9 2 GgckbhaK@ha:bs :fagcw<@i@ ikiksd:kgp 8 hri@ 9 3 8eRcki@ bwikgkp - glrcgkp 5 hri@ 9 4 ab:ahg gt@i@ & >ckaikg ; gt@i@ Kgk ikiksd:kgp 1 0 I,%FBF : :imwd@i@q (: *@ErI>Q ) 7 6 8INBCT 8EHB;T (@E>ITJB: :EHB;T 3/: 0*@ESI: 0, E@N:FBCWQ E> < 1 0 SK@ >E >BIU:Q ) , 0 0 < BC:BIH HB@ESF@ 8INBCT 8EHB;T (KC = 1, ) , 2 0 8INBCT 8EHB;T E> -(8 ( 2 3 % ) , 9 6 +#!" () "+!$0$% $! (E> -( ) , 0 0 +B!A GHFA+!$0$% 8$F! (mpiuq LG8 ) , 2 8 hg>bktd@i@ K@p Ik d;:kabsp 8dga;sp K@p C>crK@p :erhm>k:a 2 8 i>.4 5 5,2 8 (DrHe LG8 ) L8A# I H: K, i>c 1 0

11 *,% #!" 8(8% $<#< +* 8(8!+,$<%<* +8E<!* (+,.!0% $<#<++0% IKge te:b: gk :bgcgka>t ikegcabs : :akgwd>e@ =: Re@ d>crk@p b:a ga : :akgwd>e>p Rf>ap Kkmtoe b:a b:k@<ght>p d>c>k@kabze Kkmtoe, ga g gt>p hgbw Kgke c:d;regek:p k Wn@ K@e hg>bktd@i@ K@p gk :dga;sp ikewcgk K Koe ik:=toe bra> > adrhgkpd>crk@p, iwdloe: d> Kap aimwgki>p =a:krf>ap : "P=BCWQ ":K@<HIU:Q (>IB<I:MT ":K@<HIU:Q (IH>CKUE@J@ 8EHB;TQ $>DSK@Q 8 :BKHXE>F@ +RG@ (KLNUHL ":K@<HIU:Q 1 0 C>crK@ Ik<bgaeoea:bZe 2h<oe , s 9 :AH! A C> Kap : glri>ap : / Ikd;gkctgk M:etoe / Wl:i@ abgegdabsp akhg sp sdgk M:etoe I,%+8M A B :M A A8! 0H A C8H:8H@+8 CG8+8A 8HM@+A+ %8I CM /A I /%+H@8 +M%@AO% KGHI@O% C K M8%@O% G8H8IA8AI CC8% K# CM8% # : I CM /A I #8A@O+8A 8#E@8 G #@+@A I CM8%@A I L8A# I H: K, i>c 1 1