BL Greek 1. Nathan Longhofer

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1 BL Greek 1 Nathan Longhofer

2 Greek Matrix (Indicative Mood) Indicative Active Middle Passive 1st Person ω ομεν ομαι όμεθα 2nd Person εις ετε Same As Passive > ῃ εσθε Present 3rd Person ει ουσι(ν) εται ονται Format am ing am ing for self am being ed n/a 1st Person σω σομεν σομαι σόμεθα θήσομαι θησόμεθα Future 2nd Person σεις σετε σῃ σεσθε θήσῃ θήσεσθε 3rd Person σει σουσι(ν) σεται σονται θήσεται θήσονται Format will will for self will be ed 1st Person (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ομεν (ἐ) όμην (ἐ) όμεθα Imperfect 2nd Person (ἔ) ες (ἐ) ετε Same As Passive > (ἐ) ου (ἐ) εσθε 3rd Person (ἔ) ε(ν) (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ετο (ἐ) οντο Format was ing was ing for self was being ed 1st Person (ἔ) σα (ἐ) σαμεν (ἐ) σάμην (ἐ) σάμεθα 1st Aorist 2nd Person (ἔ) σας (ἐ) σατε (ἐ) σω (ἐ) σασθε 3rd Person (ἔ) σε(ν) (ἔ) σαν (ἐ) σατο (ἐ) σαντο (ἐ) θην (ἐ) θημεν Format ed ed for self (ἐ) θης (ἐ) θητε 1st Person (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ομεν (ἐ) όμην (ἐ) όμεθα (ἐ) θη (ἐ) θησαν 2nd Aorist 2nd Person (ἔ) ες (ἐ) ετε (ἐ) ου (ἐ) εσθε 3rd Person (ἔ) ε(ν) (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ετο (ἐ) οντο Format ed ed for self was ed

3 Lesson #1 - Alphabet A B G D E Z H Y I K L M Α Β Γ Δ Ε Ζ Η Θ Ι Κ Λ Μ α β γ δ ε ζ η θ ι κ λ μ N J O P R S T Y F X C V Ν Ξ Ο Π Ρ Σ Τ Υ Φ Χ Ψ Ω ν ξ ο π ρ σ τ υ φ χ ψ ω

4 Lesson #3 Vocabulary βλέπω BLE-PŌ I see I am seeing γινώσκω GIN-Ō-SKŌ I know I am knowing γράφω GRA-PHŌ I write I am writing διδάσκω DI-DA-SKŌ I teach I am teaching ἔχω E-CHŌ I have I am having λαμβάνω LAM-BA-NŌ I take, I receive I am taking λέγω LE-GŌ I say I am saying λύω LU-Ō I loose, I destroy I am loosing

5 Lesson #4 Vocabulary ἀδελφός, ὁ A-DEL-FOS a brother ἀνθρωπος, ὁ AN-THRŌ-POS ἀπόστολος, ὁ A-POST-O-LOS an apostle a man/a person/a human being/men/people δοῦλος, ὁ DŪ-LOS a slave/a servant δῶρον, τό DŌ-RON a gift θάνατος, ὁ THA-NA-TOS a death ἱερόν, τό HĪ-ER-ON a temple καί KAI and λόγος, ὁ LO-GOS a word νόμος, ὁ NO-MOS a law οἶκος, ὁ OI-KOS a house υἱός, ὁ HWĪ-OS a son

6 Lesson #5 Vocabulary ἀλήθεια, ἡ AL-ĀTH-AY-A truth βασιλεία, ἡ BA-SI-LAY-A a kingdom γραφή, ἡ GRA-FĀ a writing, a Scripture δόξα, ἡ DO-KSA glory εἰρήνη, ἡ AY-RĀ-N peace ἐκκλησία, ἡ EK-KLĀ-SIA a church ἐντολή, ἡ EN-TO-LĀ a commandment ζωή, ἡ ZŌ-Ā life ἡμέρα, ἡ HĀ-MER-A a day καρδία, ἡ KAR-DI-A a heart παραβολή, ἡ PAR-A-BOL-Ā a parable φωνή, ἡ PHŌ-NĀ a voice ψυχή, ἡ PSU-CHĀ a soul, a life ὥρα, ἡ Ō-RA an hour

7 Endings Noun Endings 2nd Declension 1st Declension Gender: M (sometimes F) N F M Case: Number: S P S P S1 S2 S3 P S P Nominative Subject οϛ οι ον α α α η αι ης αι Genitive of _ s / Possession ου ων ου ων ας ης ης ων ου ων Dative to / Indirect Object ῳ οιϛ ῳ οιϛ ᾳ ῃ ῃ αιϛ ῃ αιϛ Accusative Direct Object ον ουϛ ον α αν αν ην αϛ ην αϛ PAI - Verb Endings Indicative 1st Person 2nd Person Present 3rd Person Format Active ω ομεν εις ετε ει ουσι(ν) am ing

8 Lesson #6 Vocabulary ἀγαθός, -ή, -όν A-GA-THOS good ἄλλος, -η, -ο AL-LOS other δίκαιος, -α, -ον DI-KAI-OS righteous ἐγείρω E-GAY-RŌ I raise up ἔρημος, ἡ E-RĀ-MOS a desert ἔσχατος, -η, -ον ES-CHA-TOS last κακός, -ή, -όν KA-KOS bad καλός, -ή, -όν KA-LOS good, beautiful κύριος, ὁ KU-RI-OS a lord, the Lord μικρός, -ά, -όν MIK-ROS small, little νεκρός, -ά, -όν NEK-ROS dead ὁ, ἡ, τό HO, HAY, TO the ὁδός, ἡ HO-DOS a road, a way πιστός, -ή, -όν PI-STOS faithful πρῶτος, -η, -ον PRŌ-TOS first

9 Lesson #6 Articles Articles M F N S Pl S Pl S Pl Nominative ὁ οἱ ἡ αἱ το τα Genitive του των της των του των Dative τῳ τοις τῃ ταις τῳ τοις Accusative τον τους την τας το τα

10 Lesson #7 Vocabulary ἂγγελος, ὁ ἂγω ἀπό βάλλω διά διά εἰς ἐκ (ἐξ before vowels) ἐν θεός, ὁ κόσμος, ὁ an angel, a messenger I lead (prep. with gen.) from I throw, I cast, I put (prep. with gen.) through (prep. with acc.) on account of (prep. with acc.) into (prep. with gen.) out of (prep. with dat.) in a god, God a world λίθος, ὁ μαθητής, ὁ μένω μετά (μεθ) μετά (μεθ) οὐρανός, ὁ πέμπω πρός a stone a disciple I remain (prep. with gen.) with (prep. with acc.) after heaven I send προφήτης, ὁ a prophet τέκνον, τό τόπος, ὁ φέρω (prep. w/acc.) to, toward, in the presence of a child a place I bear, I bring

11 Lesson #8 Vocabulary αὐτός, -ή, -ό (pron.) he, she, it δέ (post-positive) (conj.) but, and ἐγώ (pron.) I εἰμί I am ἡμεῖς (pron.) we σύ (pron.) you (s.) ὑμεῖς (pron.) you (p.)

12 Lesson #8 Pronouns Personal Pronouns 1st person 2nd S P S P Nominative ἐγω ἡμεις συ ὑμεις Genitive ἐμου or μου ἡμων σου ὑμων Dative ἐμοι or μοι ἡμιν σοι ὑμιν Accusative ἐμε or με ἡμας σε ὑμας 3rd person Personal Pronouns Masculine Feminine Neuter S P S P S P Nominative αὐτος αὐτοι αὐτη αὐταἱ αὐτο αὐτα Genitive αὐτου αὐτων αὐτης αὐτων αὐτου αὐτων Dative αὐτῳ αὐτοις αὐτῃ αὐταις αὐτῳ αὐτοις Accusative αὐτον αὐτους αὐτην αὐτας αὐτο αὐτα

13 Lesson #8 εἰμι verb Indicative 1st Person 2nd Person Present 3rd Person Format εἰμι ἐσμεν εἶ ἐστε ἐστι(ν) εἰσι(ν) am/are/is

14 Lesson #9 Vocabulary ἀγάπη, ἡ ἁμαρτία, ἡ βαπτίζω διδάσκαλος, ὁ ἐκεῖνος, -η, -ο ἐπαγγελία, ἡ εὐαγγέλιον, τό κρίνω νῦν οὗτος, αὕτη, τοῦτο οὕτως πονηρός, -ά, -όν πρόσωπον, τό χαρά, ἡ love a sin, sin I baptize (dip) a teacher (pron.) that a promise a gospel I judge (adv.) now (pron.) this (adv.) thus, so (adj.) evil a face joy

15 Lesson #10 Vocabulary ἀκούω ἀλλά ἁμαρτωλός, ὁ ἀποκρίνομαι ἄρχω γίνομαι διέρχομαι εἰσέρχομαι ἐξέρχομαι ἔρχομαι ὅτι οὐ πορεύομαι σώζω ὑπό I hear (nom., gen., acc. - not dat.) conj., but (stronger adversative than δέ) a sinner dep., I answer (takes the dative) I rule (takes the genitive); middle, I begin dep., I become (takes a predicate nominative, not an acc.) dep., I go through dep., I go in, I enter dep., I go out dep., I come, I go conj., that, because (οὐκ before vowels, οὐχ before ) proclitic, not dep., I go I save prep. with gen., by (expressing agent); with acc., under

16 Lesson #11 Vocabulary αἴρω ἀναβαίνω ἀνα- I take up, I take away I go up up ἀποθνήσκω I die ἀποκτείνω ἀποστέλλω ἄρτος,ὁ βαίνω ἐσθίω κατά I kill I send (with a commission) a piece of bread, a loaf, bread I go I eat prep. with gen., against; with acc., according to (originally down, has many meanings) καταβαίνω μέν...δέ οὐκέτι παρά I go down on the one hand...on the other (contrasts =, but) adv., no longer prep. with gen., from; with dat., beside, in the presence of; with acc., alongside of παραλαμβάνω I receive, I take along σύν συνάγω τότε prep. with dat., with I gather together adv., then

17 Greek Matrix (in progress) Indicative Active Middle Passive 1st Person ω ομεν ομαι όμεθα 2nd Person εις ετε Same As Passive > ῃ εσθε Present 3rd Person ει ουσι(ν) εται ονται Format am ing am ing for self am being ed n/a 1st Person (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ομεν Imperfect 2nd Person (ἔ) ες (ἐ) ετε 3rd Person (ἔ) ε(ν) (ἔ) ον To Be Continued Format was ing

18 Lesson #11 - Imperfect Active Verbs Indicative Active S P English Translation 1st Person (ἔ) ον (ἐ) ομεν I was ing we were ing Imperfect 2nd Person (ἔ) ες (ἐ) ετε you were ing you were ing 3rd Person (ἔ) ε(ν) (ἔ) ον he (she, it) was ing they were ing Common Augment Changes ε + ε η (or ει) ε + α η ε + ο ω ε + ει ῃ (or ει) ε + αι ῃ ε + οι ῳ Augment Examples βλεπω ἐβλεπον ε augment ἀκουω ἠκουον η replaces α ἀποκρινω ἀπεκρινον απο is a preposition and is not the stem - ε augment - expendable ο ἀποκτεινω ἀπεκτεινον εἰσερχω ἐκβαλλω εἰσηρχον ἐξεβαλλον εισ is a preposition and is not the stem - η replaces ε ἐκ is a preposition and not part of the stem. When the ε augment is inserted, the form of ἐκ changes to ἐξ since it is now in front of a vowel (see vocab, p. 64).

19 Lesson #11 εἰμι verb Indicative S P English Translation 1st Person εἰμι ἐσμεν I am We are 2nd Person εἶ ἐστε You are You are Present 3rd Person ἐστι(ν) εἰσι(ν) He (she, it) is They are Format am/are/is Indicative S P English Translation 1st Person ἤμην ἦμεν * I was We were 2nd Person ἦς ἦτε You were You were Imperfect 3rd Person ἦν ἦσαν He (she, it) was They were Format am/are/is * The form ἤμεθα is often found in the N.T. in place of ἦμεν.

20 Lesson #12 Vocabulary ἀπέρχομαι dep., I go away κατέρχομαι dep., I go down βιβλίον, τό a book δαιμόνιον, τό a demon δέχομαι dep., I receive ἐκπορεύομαι dep., I go out οὐδέ οὔπω περί conj., and not, nor, not even; neither...nor adv., not yet prep. with gen., concerning, about ἔργον, τό a work περί prep. with acc., around ἔτι adv., still, yet πλοῖον, τό a boat θάλασσα, ἡ a lake, a sea συνέρχομαι dep., I come together καί conj., and, also, even; both...and ὑπέρ ὑπέρ prep. w/gen., in behalf of prep. with acc., above

21 Lesson #13 Vocabulary of Lexical Form ἀναβλέψω future ἀναβλέπω I look up, I receive my sight βήσομαι dep. future βαίνω I will go γενήσομαι dep. future γίνομαι I will become γνώσομαι dep. future γινώσκω I will know διδάξω future διδάσκω I will teach διώξω future διώκω I pursue, I persecute δοξάσω future δοξάζω I glorify ἐλεύσομαι dep. future ἔρχομαι I will come, I will go ἕξω future ἔχω I will have (note the rough breather) κηρύξω future κηρύσσω I proclaim, I preach λήμψομαι dep. future λαμβάνω I will take, I will receive προσεύξομαι future προσεύχομαι I pray τυφλός, ὁ a blind man

22 Lesson #14 Vocabulary A of Lexical Form ἀπολύω I release ἀπολύσω FAI ἀπολύω I will release ἀπέλυσα 1AAI ἀπολύω I released ἐκήρυξα FAI κηρύσσω I preached, I proclaimed κηρύσσω I preach ἐπιστρέφω I turn, I return ἐπιστρέψω FAI ἐπιστρέφω I will turn, I will return ἐπέστρεψα 1AAI ἐπιστρέφω I turned, I returned ἑτοιμάζω I prepare ἑτοιμάσω FAI ἑτοιμάζω I will prepare ἡτοίμασα 1AAI ἑτοιμάζω I prepared ἤδη adv., already θαυμάζω I wonder, I marvel, I wonder at θαυμάσω FAI θαυμάζω I will wonder, I will marvel, I will wonder at

23 Lesson #14 Vocabulary B of Lexical Form ἐθαύμασα 1AAI θαυμάζω I wondered, I marveled, I wondered at θεραπεύω I heal θεραπεύσω FAI θεραπεύω I will heal ἐθεράπευσα 1AAI θεραπεύω I healed πείθω I persuade πείσω FAI πείθω I will persuade ἔπεισα 1AAI πείθω I persuaded πιστεύω I believe πιστεύσω FAI πιστεύω I will believe ἐπίστευσα 1AAI πιστεύω I believed ὑποστρέφω I return ὑποστρέψω FAI ὑποστρέφω I will return ὑπέστρέψα 1AAI ὑποστρέφω I returned

24 Lesson #15 Vocabulary γάρ of Lexical Form conj., postpositive, for ἔβαλον 2nd aor. βάλλω I threw, I cast ἐγενόμην dep. 2nd aor. γίνομαι I became εἶδον 2nd aor. βλέπω (ὁράω) I saw εἶπον 2nd aor. λέγω I said ἔλαβον 2nd aor. λαμβάνω I took ἤγαγον 2nd aor. ἄγω I led ἦλθον 2nd aor. ἔρχομαι I came, I went ἤνεγκα 1st aor. φέρω I bore, I brought (conjugated like the 1st aor. of λύω, but with -κα not -σα) ἔλιπον 2nd aor. λείπω I left λείπω I leave ὄψομαι dep. fut. (fut.) βλέπω (ὁράω) I will see ἔπεσον 2nd aor. πίπτω I fell πίπτω I fall προσφέρω I bring to (takes the accusative of the thing that is brought and the dative of the person to whom it is brought)

25 Lesson #16 Vocabulary ἀναλαμβάνω of Lexical Form I take up ἐβλήθην aor. pass. βάλλω I was thrown, I was cast ἐγενήθην aor., pass. in form γίνομαι I became ἐγνώσθην aor. pass. γινώσκω I was known ἐδιδάχθην aor. pass. διδάσκω I was taught ἐκηρύχθην aor. pass. κηρύσσω I was preached, I was proclaimed ἐλήμφθην aor. pass. λαμβάνω I was taken, I was received ἐπορεύθην aor., pass. in form πορεύομαι I went ἠγέρθην aor. pass. ἐγείρω I was raised ἠκούσθην aor. pass. ἀκούω I was heard ἠνέχθην aor. pass. φέρω I was borne, I was brought ἤχθην aor. pass. ἄγω I was led ὤφθην aor. pass. βλέπω (ὁράω) I was seen