Index and Art 2. Messages from Senior Mistress 3. Activities and Events 4-5. Houses 6. Clubs 7. Messages, School Council Photos 8

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2 Index Page Index and Art 2 Messages from Senior Mistress 3 Activities and Events 4-5 Houses 6 Clubs 7 Messages, School Council Photos 8 Class Photos and Prefects Photo 9-13 English Timothea Demetriou, 3B Drama Greek Classical Appreciation 20 History 21 Physics 22 Mathematics 23 Chemistry 24 Biology 25 Religious Education and Knowledge 26 Stephanie Yioupi, 6A French 27 Economics and Accounting ICT Science 32 Music 33 Physical Education Art Pascal English School Graduates 38 Staff Photos 39 Emili Loizidou, 4A 2

3 Message: Senior Mistresses Ms Maria Ehrhartsmann Head of Lower School Ms Jodi Niki Rigas Head of Upper School As we approach the end of the academic year and prepare the graduation for our 6 th Form pupils, we wish to express appreciation, on behalf of PASCAL Education Management and its pupils, to our staff for their outstanding work. We will be conferring Apolyterion on Monday 27 th June to twenty one graduates, at our 4 th graduation ceremony at the Four Seasons Hotel. These pupils can now confidently embark on further academic pursuits with the knowledge that they have an Apolyterion and an excellent educational foundation from a first class school which strives towards educational excellence. Eight of our twenty one graduates will be fulfilling their military obligation while the remaining pupils will be embarking on tertiary education in various fields and at different universities such as Accounting and Finance at Glasgow University, Law at Reading, Interior Design at De Montfort, Management at Leister University and Physics at Durham University We are extremely proud of what our cohort of pupils have accomplished this year, both sporting and academic achievements. Considering we are a small school, we have excelled in many aspects namely, Ministry of Education Competitions, activities like the Mediterranean Model United Nations, European Youth Parliament, Stockholm Junior Water Competition, Commonwealth Essay Competition, Rotary Public Speaking Competition, Euro Maths, Maths Olympiads, Accounting Olympiads, Science Fair, Talent Show, to name but a few. The key to our aforementioned success is the collaboration of pupils, parents and teachers; three essential ingredients required to equip pupils with the necessary skills, motivation and drive. The ultimate objective being to arm them with the necessary leadership skills, life skills and essential tools required to enter tertiary education and the workforce eventually. In addition, we would like to pay tribute to: our Management team, namely Despina Mavrikiou and Marios Perdios; our ever efficient school secretary Yoda Telemachou; our Careers Adviser Eleni Zanti; Heads of Department; Form Teachers and their assistants; the House Coordinator, Nikoletta Kynigou; House Mistresses / Masters with their assistants; Teachers; Elena Potamou, our reprographics expert; the Parents Association; the School Council; Prefects and finally Ms Sotiroulla and Ms Lenia. As you can see the success of our school is dependant upon many individuals who work consistently throughout the year to ensure that the school maintains its reputable status. Finally, our sincere appreciation must be bestowed on Mr Lazaros Lironis for compiling and formatting this magazine. We truly applaud you. We hope our pupils will be able to look back on as a year during which they reached their goals for academic and personal success by rising to the challenges that always accompany important achievements. The summer vacation is traditionally a time in education for people to re-energize and renew themselves, as well as prepare for the new academic year. With this in mind, we wish each of you a relaxing and personally fulfilling summer. 3

4 Activities and Events Induction Day September 2010 New pupils enjoy a day of fun and games to get to know each other. European Youth Parliament September 2010 A simulation of an EU parliamentary session. Artemis Halloween Party October 2010 Annual Halloween party organized by Artemis. Cyprus Independence Day 1st of October 2010 School Trip to Eleouthkia One of the two school trips we go on every year, the day is fun and educational. Sports Day Track and Field events held at Tsirion Stadium. 4

5 Activities and Events Parade 28 th October 2010 PES Lemesos proudly participates in this celebration every year. MEDI.M.U.N January 2011 MEDI.M.U.N delegates are given the opportunity practice their debating skills Apollo s Mini Football Tournament February2011 Commonwealth Pupils receive bronze awards for their Commonwealth submissions A Day at the Museum Pupils were afforded the opportunity to visit the new Acropolis Museum in Athens. EYP Pre-Selection Day 17 of April 2011 PASCAL English School Lemesos delegation were selected to participate in the September 2011 Session 5

6 Houses Poseidon House Captains: Tsouloupa Tara and Berdanis Christoforos Event: Hidden Talents Evening Artemis House Captains: Sialouna Christina and Petrou Nicolas Event: Halloween Party Apollo House Captains: Fikardos Joby and Yioupi Stephanie Event: Mini Football Tournament Demetra House Captains: Tambouri Elena and Constantinou Alexandros Event: Bowling Tournament 6

7 Clubs PASCAL, Lemesos upgraded the School s Clubs for 2010/11, both in number and content. The reason for this is to help pupils develop into healthy, inquiring, knowledgeable and caring young adults and enhance their university applications. ART: Pupils worked together in small groups under the supervision and help of our expert teachers to discover their artistic talents while enjoying themselves in various projects. Activities include drawing, painting, photoshop and photography. International Culinary Skills: This Club prepared delicious food from around the globe. Our pupils had the opportunity to learn culinary skills from renown chef Roddy who also owns the successful Piatakia restaurant in Lemesos. Environmental Club: PASCAL English School is proud to be an Eco School; we meet the criteria set through the hard work and dedication of the Environmental Club. The club focused on creating and reinforcing environmental consciousness and awareness amongst pupils through seminars, lectures, visits and the use of audiovisual resources. First Aid: A First Aid course was presented by EMP Medic First Aid. First Aid, the care given before emergency medical help arrives, could literally mean the difference between life and death Community Services: This Club was responsible for all fund raising in both PES and ΕΣΠ. They embarked on projects to raise money for the anti-cancer organization, radio-marathon, and during Club Days volunteered their services at various institutions such as Agios Stephanos. History: This club enriched our pupils knowledge of European history focusing on Cypriot history. Pupils were afforded the opportunity to visit various historical and archaeological sites as well as research various historical periods. Drama Club: This club participated in various drama workshops which enhanced pupils drama skills ranging from vocal lessons to acting and dancing. Photography Club: Pupils were taught the skills required to take a good photograph. Pupils had the opportunity to test their newly acquired skills by taking photos at various locations. In addition, selected photos were entered into various photography competitions that are run by the Ministry of Education and Cyprus Photographic Society. Scuba Diving: We are very excited to have been able to offer the Scuba Diving Club this year. Aloha Diving conducted the training which consisted of theoretical sessions as well as four sea dives. Pupils who successfully completed their training are now registered with PADI. Horse Riding, Wall Climbing and Archery: Interesting activities which took place at Santa Marina Retreat. The International Award: This is an internationally recognized self-development programme for young people aged At PASCAL, Interaxion offers the Award to our young people; it is very popular, enjoyable, yet demanding activity which is highly recognized by UK universities. The Award presents a challenge to young people in four main areas: skills, community service, physical recreation and expedition. Participants in the programme work towards reaching the required standards in the above areas in order to achieve the Bronze, Silver and Gold Awards. Golf Club: Pupils learned the rules of golf and skills required to play golf at Aphrodite Hills Resort. Squash: Pupils were bused to the Spyrou Kyprianou Stadium where Vassos Karassava coached our pupils. 7

8 MESSAGE: HEADS OF YEARS Ms Despina Mavrikiou Lower School Mr Marios Perdios Upper School It is our pleasure and honour to address the latest edition of PASCAL English School Lemesos Platinum Magazine Another successful academic year has come to an end. Lots of hard work, preparation and effort has resulted in great achievements in many areas and great effort has also gone into the creation of the magazine, which reflects the considerable effort of our pupils. PASCAL English School, Lemesos, is always actively involved in competitions and challenges like EYP, MEDI.M.U.N., Royal Commonwealth Essay Writing, Public Speaking, Maths Olympiads, Conferences, Euromath and many others. Pupils and Teachers are always very enthusiastic and dedicated; their main goal to achieve success. We would like to wish all the best to our Graduates and we hope they have a successful and prosperous life. Our thanks and appreciation goes, in particular, to the Senior Mistresses of the School, Ms Jodi Rigas and Ms Maria Ehrhartsmann, for their support and guidance and for always being there. We would also like to thank all the Form Teachers and Assistants for their valuable help throughout the year. We hope that you all have a nice and relaxing summer and we look forward to seeing you back in September. PASCAL English School, School Council 2010/11 Back: Tambouri Elena, Zachariades Christos, William Ehrhartsmann, Nicolaou Charalampos, Zachariadou Ioanna Front: Dafni Chorattidou, Nicolaou Andrea, Panayiotou Georgia 8

9 PASCAL English School - Form 1A Back: Nicolaou Andreas, Panagithis Adamos, Sofocleous Andrea, Loizou Meropi, Caraiorgu Eva, Chowaniec Sabina Middle: Athanasis Athanasi, Charalambous Aimilios, Philitas Phoivos, Vasileiadis Andreas, Petridou Elena, Diakides Marylena, Skordis Christos, Leonidou Orestis Front: Ms Vassiliou Vassiliki, Christofi Georgia, Theodorou Yiannis, Athanatos Orestis, Iosif Ioannis, Nicolaou Olivia, Panayiotou Georgia, Zari Ivi, Tavelli Anna, Ms Mavrikiou Despina PASCAL English School - Form 1B Back: Stelios Panagi, Charalambos Demetriou, Ioakim Avgousti, Stella Mina, Christina Christodoulou, Charalampina Topouzi, Christos Papaioannou, Philippos Constantinou Middle: Artemis Voniati, Eleni Kyriakou, Martinos Papakyriakou, Christos Dalmiras, Christiana Ioulianou, Anastasia Ioannou, Myria Xenofontos, Michelle Ioanna Chorattidou, Theoni Papastylianou Front: Georgia Georgiades, Hebe Michaelidou, Eva Ioannou, George Christodoulides, Christos Nicolaou, George Raptis, Antonis Panagi, Andreas Ioannou 9

10 PASCAL English School - Form 2A Back: Nicolas Chrysostomou, Pampinos Charalampous, Chrysanthos Matthaiou, Minas Mouskis, Panagiotis Moulashis, George Christou, Andreas Konstantinou, Zak Yiasoumis, Anthony Charalambous, Ernesto Sofocleous, Christoforos Georgiou Middle: Maria Vanezi, Savvina Mita, Ioulia Efthyvoulou, Anthy Kyprianou, Melina Diogenous, Olivia Photiou, Melina Theodorou, Antrea Karantoni Front: Nikoletta Korniliou, Georgia Voniati, Christina Loungridou, Ms Effie Theodosiou, Ms Eleni Zanti, Maria Efrem, Ioanna Georgiou, Kyriaki Stefani PASCAL English School - Form 2B Back: Michalis Loizou, Irodotos Papakostas, Philippos Efrem, Demos Paliosofidis, Dimitris Pnevmaticos, Thanasis Panaretou, Alexander Groutides, Marinos Zinonos, Alexandros Kimonos, Marios Charalambous, Haris Beraud Middle: Menelaos Vassiliou, Andrea Christofi, Georgia Tilemachou, Iliada Hadjisavva, Andrea Chrysafi, Ismini Issa, Stefani Issa, Dafni Chorattidou, Raphaela Frangou Front: Nikoletta Svana, Chryso Georgiou, Constantina Mettouri, Mr. Neophytos Matsas, Ms. Maria Mora, Dimitra Efstathiou, Rafaela Papastylianou, Christina Chatzicharalambous 10

11 PASCAL English School - Form 3A Back: Vasileiadis Constantinos, Karamallis Alexandros, Ioannou Yiorgos, Virardi Rolando, Araouzos Konstantinos, Socratous Cleopas, Elpidoforou Antreas Middle: Markitanis Sotiris, Dimitriadis Christos, Soteriou Chrysanthos, Patsalis Nikolas, Pieridi Xenia, Michaelides Daniel, Tilemachou Charalambos, Maratheftis Georgios Front: Papaioannou Antigoni, Angelopoulou Foteini, Antoniou Maria, Kitsiou Angela, Nicolaidou Eleftheria, Constantinou Astero PASCAL English School - Form 3B Back: Marios Konnaris, Christos Markantoni, Angelos Savva, Alexandros Elpidoforou, Petros Avgousti, Panagiotis Efstathiou, Andreas Sazos, Andreas Orfanide Middle: Avgoustinos Papakyriacou, Louis Leonidas, Georgiana Theodorou, Michael Kazoulis, Marilena Antoniou, Constantinos Antoniou, Aristi Philippou, Angelos Nicolaides, Stefanos Sofokleous Front: Xenia Menelaou, Maria Zinonos, Timothea Demetriou, Georgia Virardi, Xenia Menelaou, Androniki Elpidoforou 11

12 PASCAL English School - Form 4A Back: Iouri Kornienko, Christos Constantinou, Stefanos Elpidoforou, Demetris Constantinou, Michalis Antoniou, Christos Kaimakkami, Andreas Efstathiou, George Elpidoforou Middle: Stephen Eric Cook, Antigone Papadopoulou, Andria Ioannidou, Evita Christoforou, Andrea Nicolaou, Maria Averkiou, Yioulia Svana, Ilya Smirnov Front: Atalanti Pourikkou, Emily Loizidou, Georgia Efstathiou, Ms Panny Martidou, Ms Rodoula Michaelidou, Diana Kokoeva, Nataly Manoli, Maria Chatzicharalambous PASCAL English School - Form 5A Back: Zachariades Christos, Constantinou George, Soteriou Andreas, Kanakis Demetris, Theocharous Vrionis, Charalambous Andreas, Kanakis Yiannakis, Savva Nicos, Makris Paris, Efstathiou Rafael, Voniates George, Petrides Constantinos Middle: Adamou George, Abi Aad Lea, Stylianou Constantina, Mela Florentina, Ioannou Neophytos, Ioannou Maria, Avraam Nicol, Christoforou Marilena, Yioupi Diana, Papadopoullos Constantinos Front: Nicoalaou Persia, Nicolaou Katerina, Zachariadou Ioanna, Mr. Lazaros Lironis, Ms Andria Ioannou, Zavou Elina, Athanatou Maya, Patsali Elena. 12

13 PASCAL English School - Form 6A Back: Aristotelis Marcou, Leonida Michalakis, Constantinos Christodoulou, Nikitas Alexandros,Berdanis Christoforos, William Ehrhartsmann, Nicolaou Charalampos Middle: Lily Abiaad, Raftis Panayiota, Fikardos Joby, Vafeas Timothy, Petrou Nicolas, Constantinou Alexandros, Loizidou Christiana, Nicolaou Stephanie. Front: Pinzari Anastasia, Tambouri Elena, Dimosthenous Stavrina, Mr. Perdios Marios, Ms. Kynigou Nicoletta, Sialouna Christina, Yioupi Stephanie, Tsouloupa Tara Pascal English School - Prefects Back: William Ehrhartsmann, Leonida Michalakis, Constantinos Christodoulou, Nicolaou Charalampos Middle: Ms Jodi Niki Rigas, Dimosthenous Stavrina, Loizidou Christiana, Ms Maria Ehrhartsmann Front: Nicolaou Stephanie, Raftis Panayiota, Sialouna Christina, Yioupi Stephanie 13

14 English A Report on Pupils Ambitions To: Mr John Smith From: Maria Antoniou Subject: Pupils Ambitions INTRODUCTION : As requested, I have prepared a report on the ambitions of pupils of 3A in PASCAL English School, Lemesos. I spoke to 21 pupils and the results are presented below. PROFESSIONAL POSITIONS: The majority of pupils stated that they intend to study at a University to become doctors, lawyers and architects. All pupils in this category seem to be aware of the need of a University Degree. SERVICE POSITIONS: Around 30% of the pupils would like to acquire jobs as waiters in hotels and restaurants, work in shops as sales assistants and other services. Very few pupils in this category really know what job they would like to do after they finish school. OTHER PUPILS : 7% of the pupils have still not decided on a career and another 7% are planning on becoming scientists and hoping to invent something and become famous. CONCLUSION : To sum up, some pupils seem well informed, while others need more advice on their chosen career. I would recommend inviting someone to speak to them or visit a hotel to help pupils have a better idea of work in the Service Industry. Maria Antoniou, 3A The Dream One night, ten year old Tom Miker had a strange dream. In the dream, his grandmother had been dead for two years, but appeared to see him. Tom, she whispered I am alive. Give this message to your Mum and Dad. Grandma explained that she had a twin sister that looked exactly like her, but was unfortunately dead. Grandma herself was well and alive and would come home soon. Grandma also told Tom not to worry and asked him to give the message to his parents so that they would be waiting for her. The next day, while Tom was having breakfast with his family, someone knocked on the door. It was his grandmother s friend, Ms Sophie. She said that Louise (this was Grandma s name) was alive and would soon be in town. Tom and his family waited anxiously. Mum and dad were quite upset. Tom kept telling his parents that everything would be great and told them about his dream. While they were having dinner, someone knocked on the door. Tom s mum went to open the door. She saw Louise. Everyone was amazed. I knew it! Tom screamed, and he always believed in his dreams from that day on. Maria Vanezi, 2A Someone I Admire Everyone has someone they look up to. Most of my friends and generally people I know, admire famous people. The person I admire the most is not famous at all, but she is a true heroine. A true heroine for me is my loving mother. She has raised me to become a good and decent person and never give up, no matter what. My mother always teaches me right from wrong. I admire her for her morals and for all she has done for me and generally my family. I know that I can definitely depend on her, as she has always been and will be by my side. Even at times when I have an argument with my father, she is the one who will be next to me, make me feel better and understand if I am mistaken. I know that even if everyone else abandons me, she is the one who will stay next to me forever. People usually comment that I look like her; I take this as a compliment! She is an angelic-looking woman, with sky-blue eyes that make her look dreamy and peaceful. Her shiny, coal black hair makes her look like a dynamic and powerful woman, even though I can t say that she really is. Her hair used to be naturally blonde until the age of 20. She has been and will always be the best mother in the world for me. Looking back, my mother is the most positive and importance influence I ve had in my life. I am proud to see myself always following her beliefs and perfect character and personality. Emily Loizidou, 4A 14

15 English How did the Headmaster Influence Krishna s Life? The headmaster is a significant character in the novel, who is disappointed with his way of life, he searched for a way out where he forgot about all of his problems through the children at his school and learnt how to adopt the innocence and purity of children. Using what he had learnt from children the headmaster had an impact on Krishna s life helping him go one step closer to becoming a master of his own destiny. He was an extraordinary and eccentric man with unusual views about children, a different lifestyle and of course an influence on Krishna. The headmaster didn t have a good relationship with his family due to the fact that he was forced by his father to marry a woman he did not really love and even have children. What is ironic about the headmaster was that he was a father figure. Because he didn t use a towel and meditated for fifteen minutes before dinner he didn t have a good relationship with his wife. He thought that he could have managed well as a bachelor and even Krishna thought that he spoke as if he were someone else. The headmaster loved children, however, he didn t love his own and they didn t go to his school. This is evident from the quote My school is for all the children in the world except my own. Due to his wife and children the headmaster felt more at home in Krishna s house rather than his. The headmaster always refers to his wife and children in a negative way, as he says that there are people in this world who have rough tongues but who are soft at heart-but this lady!. This is the reason the headmaster is always distant from his family and always ignores them. The headmaster thought that children were the real gods on Earth as even though he faced many problems with his family relationships he managed to find refuge and shelter from the children s pure and sinless souls. He was a most eccentric man who had unusual views about children. Children have managed to teach the headmaster the simplicity to which all human conduct must be reduced, how to become pure and innocent and also how to speak plainly without the varnish of the adult world. The headmaster has become so accustomed to children that he even copies their language so his language is always plain and honest. The headmaster disagreed with the western education and supported that the only way children would learn was by the Leave Alone System in which children are left alone to discover the unknown wonders of the world and work off the curse of adulthood. The headmaster is the true character who brought about the turning point in Krishna s life after Susila s death. Krishna and the headmaster have both similarities and differences. Both Krishna and the headmaster disagree with the Western education as sport is given more importance that academic worth as people who play sports are even made to pass examinations. According to the headmaster you can t have a school unless you have invested a few thousands in building and furniture as luxuries are not needed for proper education. In addition, the headmaster criticizes the Western education system for copying as he says ironically that we could as well been born monkeys to justify our powers of imitation. He believed that you may like what you may like and supported the democratic style education. The headmaster was also predictable as he had an astrologer predict the future of his life. Krishna in contrast with the headmaster was honest straight-forward and loved his job. Also, it is sarcastic when the headmaster helps Krishna to communicate with his wife while the headmaster himself doesn t have a good relationship with his own wife and doesn t communicate with her. When Krishna was taught about the purity, innocence and honesty of children Krishna became independent spoke in a straightforward way, he became less materialistic and more spiritual. As a result of the headmaster s influence, Krishna resigned his job at Albert Mission College and achieved the highest level in spirituality and thus becoming a master of his own destiny as he is reunited with his beloved Susila in which he had initially lost but recently found once again. The author of the novel R.K. Narayan used the headmaster s character in order to portray one of the most important themes in the book which is Purity of childhood versus adulthood. This theme which actually symbolizes the headmaster was the cause of Krishna s turning point in his life. If it hadn t been for the headmaster, Krishna would have never have fulfilled his goals in life and reach the spiritual level required to meet Susila again. Christos Zachariades 5B 15

16 Drama What do You Like Most About Drama and What Have You Learnt From Feather Boy? I like drama because it is very interesting and we hear a lot of stories. We have learnt lots of messages from the book and learnt about bullying. Maria Efrem 2A You can never get bored in Drama. I like using my creativity and designing scenes. Acting is my favourite part. Feather Boy helped me understand how serious bullying is and how other kids feel when bullied. Demetris Pnevmaticos, 2B I like drama because you can express yourself and show your personality. The book showed us that even a boy, who was bullied, can achieve a lot in life. Maria Vanezi, 2A Someone may think drama is all about acting, and I don t disagree. It s exciting to act and sometimes it s funny and sensitive. But in Feather Boy, you can learn about life. Everyone finds a way to get love, luck and courage if they want to. Christina Hadjicharalambous, 2B The most exciting thing about drama is that we learnt things that can help us in life. Drama is a relaxing lesson and we have fun when we are acting. Feather Boy has a very good aim that we have to be brave and that bullying each other is cruel because we may hurt someone either physically or with actions. Christina Loungridou, 2A The book helps you to find your inner strength and to believe in yourself. It also helps you to ignore bullies and that in reality you can take them on easily and you must never accept it when people tell you who you are because the only one who really knows is you. Daphne Chorattidou, 2B What I like about drama is the fact that you can express yourself and do many things. Acting is fun and I enjoy it very much because I feel confident in myself. Feather Boy taught us to have confidence and be strong. Melina Theodorou, 2A Describe Your Favourite Giant My favourite giant is Bloodbottler. He likes playing football and he likes eating human bodies. He is called Bloodbottler because of the blood on his teeth. Christos Papaioannou, 1B Romeo s Diary Entry (after the famous Balcony Scene) Dear Diary, I can t wait till tomorrow. I can t sleep in the thought of my love. Oh, she s so gorgeous, so beautiful. I can t get her off my mind. Friar Laurence has accepted to marry us. Thank God! I can t spend even one more minute without her. I love her so much. She s taken my mind. I want to spend the rest of my life with her. As from tomorrow, she ll be wife forever. I can t wait. I haven t met a more beautiful woman in my whole life. I thought that Rosaline was beautiful. But compared to Juliet, she s an ugly crow! Juliet is so beautiful she can t be compared to another woman. Each and every woman in this world looks so ugly in front of my Juliet. That s all for tonight dear diary. Tomorrow looks like 20 years away Romeo Rolando Virardi, 3A 16

17 Drama What do You Think Will Happen Next? The BFG will visit Sophie. He will play with Sophie s games, they will eat together and after dinner they will go to the park. At the park they will go for a walk, they will see children and sit on the grass. They will eat ice cream and in the afternoon they will go back home. Yiannis Iosif, 1A What Dream Should we Give the Queen? A dream with castles and slaves to kiss her hands, birds flying around her and horses running behind her. After that she will see her husband that is dead now and she will start screaming and shouting. Also the BFG and Sophie will be watching her and all the people flying. At last she will have no money or rights as a Queen. She will then go away and die in a beautiful green palace. Eva Ioannou, 1B Describe Your Favourite Giant The Bloodbottler is the big, evil giant. He likes killing people and taking their blood. When he takes it, he puts it in the bottle and then puts it in the fridge. When the blood becomes cold he drinks it. The giant is called Bloodbottler because he puts the blood in the bottle and drinks it. Thea Papastylianou, 1B Describe One of the Giants From The BFG. I think that the Fleshlumpeater likes seeing lumps, he likes eating flesh and he has that name because every time he gobbles flesh, he says FLESH and also because he thinks that the lumps look like Jupiter so Fleshlumpeater! Olivia Nicolaou, 1A Romeo s Love Letter to Rosaline My beloved Rosaline, How can I escape the captivity your love has put me in? You should be in jail because you have stolen my heart. Every time I see you, I have so many things to tell you, but I cannot find the words to describe the feelings and passion I have for you. Day and night, I think of you. I think of the perfect life we could have together. I would treat you with respect and dignity. I would cherish you as a rose among garbage. My love for you could eliminate any obstacle on Earth. You are the most beautiful thing I ve ever seen in my life. You are an angel, and I have probably died and gone to heaven With all my love, Romeo Daniel Michaelides, 3A Describe One of the Giants in the BFG His name is Bloodbottler because he likes drinking blood. His favourite thing to do is to kill humans and then drink their blood. That s the reason he wants to find Sophie! His best friend is Fleshlumpeater. Bloodbottler s favourite clothes are: simple jeans and a dark T-Shirt. He also wears a half-mask. Georgia Panayiotou, 1A 17

18 Η θρησκευτικότητα στην καβαφική ποίηση Greek Ο Καβάφης, ο πιο αναγνωρισμένος νεοέλληνας ποιητής, συχνά αφορμίζεται και δημιουργεί από περιόδους πτώσεις και παρακμής, όχι μόνο ιστορικές αλλά και θρησκευτικές. Όπως και στα ιστορικά του ποιήματα ο ποιητής - με σκοπό να διδάξει, εστιάζει περισσότερο και επηρεάζεται από ελληνιστικές περιόδους πτώσης και παρακμής. Το ίδιο συμβαίνει και με τα θρησκευτικά του ποιήματα αφού επικεντρώνεται και αναφέρεται συνήθως στις δύο αντίπαλες θρησκείες, τον Παγανισμό και το Χριστιανισμό. Στηριζόμενοι στα ποιήματα "Ο Μύρης Αλεξάνδρεια, 340 μ.χ" και «Η αρρώστια του Κλείτου», ο Καβάφης πράγματι ορμώμενος από την περίοδο της θρησκευτικής ταραχής του 4 ου αιώνα μ.χ. εξομολογεί τις θρησκευτικές του ανησυχίες, θίγει το θέμα της επιφανειακής πίστης με βάση τη σύγκρουση των δύο θρησκειών. Στο ποίημα ο Μύρης Αλεξάνδρεια 340 μ.χ, ο Καβάφης εισέρχεται σε ένα χριστιανικό σπίτι ώστε να θρηνήσει για τον αγαπημένο του σύντροφο. Οι συγγενείς του Μύρη και οι παρευρισκόμενοι αντιμετωπίζουν τον Καβάφη με απάθεια και απέχθεια λόγω της άσεμνης ζωής του και τον θεωρούν υπαίτιο για τις άσεμνες πράξεις του νεκρού Μύρη, ο ο- ποίος σύμφωνα με αυτούς ξεψύχησε έχοντας στο στόμα του το όνομα του Χριστού. Ο Καβάφης αισθάνεται προδομένος από το σύντροφό του αφού παρόλο που δήλωνε χριστιανός, ο άσεμνος βίος του δεν του επέτρεπε με βάση την καβαφική θεωρία να τον ασπάζεται τόσο φανατικά. Ο ποιητής απογοητεύεται τόσο από τη στάση των συγγενών του Μύρη αλλά και από τον ίδιο τον Μύρη αφού θεωρεί ότι δεν υπήρξε ειλικρινής μαζί του. Το ποίημα λαμβάνει μέρος στην Αλεξάνδρεια του 340 μ.χ. μια εποχή όπου χριστιανισμός και ειδωλολατρισμός βρίσκονται σε αντιπαράθεση. Ο Καβάφης στο συγκεκριμένο ποίημα ομολογεί την πίστη του στον ειδωλολατρισμό λόγω της άσεμνης και γεμάτης πάθη στάση ζωής του, κατακρίνει την επιφανειακή χριστιανική πίστη που δείχνουν οι συγγενείς του Μύρη, οι οποίοι συμπεριφέρονται κάθε άλλο παρά χριστιανικά αλλά και ο Μύρης, ο οποίος παρά το γεγονός ότι ήταν από όλους πιο έκδοτος στις ηδονές ασπαζόταν φανατικά τη χριστιανική θρησκεία η οποία επικεντρώνεται στην πνευματική καλλιέργεια και σωματική άσκηση και όχι στη λατρεία υλικών αγαθών ή στην απόλαυση και υπόκυψη των σωματικών ηδονών. Γι αυτό το λόγο το ποιητικό υποκείμενο εξέρχεται του οίκου νιώθοντας ξένος από τον ίδιο τον άντρα που αγάπησε και αγαπήθηκε παράφορα ώστε να μην αλλοιώσει την εικόνα του. Οι δύο θρησκείες στο ποίημα αυτό αντί να ενώνουν τις ανθρώπινες υπάρξεις με αγάπη και αλληλεγγύη τις αποξενώνουν και τις φθείρουν. Νικόλ Αβραάμ, 5Α Αδόλφος Χίτλερ (20 Απριλίου Απριλίου 1945) Ο Αδόλφος Χίτλερ ήταν Γερμανός πολιτικός ηγέτης του Εργατικού Εθνικοσοσιαλιστικού Κόμματος (NSDAP) και δικτάτορας της Ναζιστικής Γερμανίας. Ο Χίτλερ και οι οπαδοί του εφάρμοσαν τη συστηματική στέρηση δικαιωμάτων, την εξόντωση των Εβραίων της Ευρώπης, καθώς και άλλων θρησκευτικών, εθνικών, ή κοινωνικών ομάδων. Μέχρι την ηλικία των 30 ετών ήταν σύμφωνα με τα αστικά μέτρα της εποχής του, ένας άνθρωπος χωρίς επαγγελματική καριέρα και χωρίς αξιόλογες σχέσεις. Ήταν επίσης ένας στρατιωτικός χωρίς προοπτικές και κυρίως χωρίς αναγνωρίσιμες ικανότητες που θα μπορούσαν να εξηγήσουν εύλογα την άνοδο που επακολούθησε. Παρ' όλα αυτά, αυτός ο άνθρωπος αναρριχήθηκε, μέσα σε λίγα χρόνια, στην Καγκελαρία του Γερμανικού Ράιχ και τελικά έγινε δικτάτορας κυρίαρχος του μεγαλύτερου μέρους της Ευρώπης. Η οικογένεια και τα παιδικά χρόνια του Χίτλερ Ο Χίτλερ φρόντισε να μείνουν μέχρι σήμερα πολλά αναπάντητα ερωτήματα σχετικά με την καταγωγή και τη ζωή του πριν την ανάμιξή του στην πολιτική. Το 1930 είπε για τους πολιτικούς του αντίπαλους: «Ποτέ δεν κάνει να μάθουν για τις ρίζες μου και για την οικογένειά μου.» Στο «Mein Kampf» ο Χίτλερ περιγράφει τον πατέρα του ως αυστηρό, αυταρχικό και, καμιά φορά, ακόμα και οξύθυμο και βίαιο. Ο Αδόλφος έμεινε στην ίδια τάξη, λόγω «έλλειψης φιλοπονίας», όπως σημείωσαν οι καθηγητές του. Στην τρίτη σχολική χρονιά, οι βαθμοί του ήταν τόσο κακοί, που φαινόταν πως θα απορριφθεί ξανά. Επειδή όμως είχε πεθάνει ο πατέρας του, κατόπιν παράκλησης της μητέρας του το σχολείο δέχτηκε να τον προβιβάσει, αλλά με τον όρο ότι θα άλλαζε σχολείο. Ο Χίτλερ γράφτηκε στο σχολείο του Στέιρ, που ήταν λιγότερο απαιτητικό, αλλά ούτε εκεί οι επιδόσεις του βελτιώθηκαν. Τελικά, το φθινόπωρο του 1905 εγκατέλειψε το σχολείο σε ηλικία 16 ετών χωρίς να πάρει απολυτήριο. Ντιάνα Κοκοέβα, Άντρεα Ιωαννίδου, 4Α 18

19 Greek Ευθύνη και αλληλεγγύη Η ευθύνη είναι ένα σημαντικό πλεονέκτημα ή προτέρημα στον άνθρωπο που τον κάνει υπεύθυνο και ώριμο δηλαδή να προστατεύει τον εαυτό του αλλά και τους γύρω του. Έχεις σκεφτεί ποτέ πόσοι ανεύθυνοι υπάρχουν που στέρησαν υλικά αγαθά στον συνάνθρωπο τους ακόμη και την ζωή τους; Για παράδειγμα, πολλοί έχασαν την ζωή τους στην άσφαλτο γιατί κάποιος ανεύθυνος δεν έλεγξε την ταχύτητα του ή δεν τον είδε και άθελα του, του στέρησε την ζωή του. Κανένας δεν μπορεί να είναι υπεύθυνος για εσένα παρά μόνο εσύ. Οι ευθύνες σου ξεκινούν από τα όνειρα σου. Η ευθύνη δεν χαρίζετε ούτε δωρίζετε, εσύ την κτίζεις με ηρεμία αλλά και θέληση. Τις πράξεις σου τις κάνεις με σιγουριά και είσαι βέβαιος ότι θα υποστείς και τις συνέπειες αν κάτι έκανες λάθος. Όταν είσαι υπεύθυνος δεν τρομάζεις, γιατί δεν μπορείς πια να βρεις δικαιολογίες για τις ασήμαντες ή άνανδρες πράξεις σου ρίχνοντας το φταίξιμο στους άλλους. Ξέρεις πως εσύ, όχι η μοίρα σου, όχι η τύχη σου, μήτε ο άνθρωπος γύρω σου, εσύ μονάχα έχεις, ότι κι αν γίνεις, ακέραιη την ευθύνη για τις πράξεις σου. Ξεπερνάς τα προβλήματα χωρίς να ζητάς ελεημοσύνη και παλεύεις για αυτά έτσι ώστε να έχεις ένα καλύτερο αύριο. Μόνο η αίσθηση της ευθύνης θα μπορέσει να εξοβελίσει τον ατομικισμό και να προαγάγει την αλληλεγγύη και την αρμονική και κοινωνική συμβίωση. Η κοινωνική αλληλεγγύη είναι προσφορά ψυχής. Πρέπει να παλεύουμε μέχρι θανάτου ώστε να λέει ο κάθε συνάνθρωπος την άποψή του και να συνεχίσουμε αυτό το έργο ζωής. Στις μέρες μας, η αλληλεγγύη είναι απαραίτητη προς τον συνάνθρωπό μας. Πολλά σπίτια κινδυνεύουν να κλείσουν, οι συμπολίτες μας δυσκολεύονται να διεκπεραιώσουν τις άμεσες καθημερινές ανάγκες τους. Ένα χαμόγελο έστω και μέσα από σφικτά χείλη, μια ζεστή καλημέρα, έστω και μέσα από την κρυάδα της απελπισίας. Μια μικρή βοήθεια στους ανήμπορους, έστω και μέσα από τις τεράστιες δυσκολίες μας. Και κυρίως μην ξεχνάμε τους μοναχούς συνανθρώπους μας, μας έχουν ανάγκη. Όλα αυτά είναι αρκετά για μερικούς συνανθρώπους μας που βιώνουν δύσκολες στιγμές. Ας δείξουμε όλοι μας, πως η ελπίδα υπάρχει μέσα στην ψυχή μας. «Αγαπάτε αλλήλους», είπε ο Χριστός, αυτές οι δύο λέξεις αποτελούν μια παροιμιώδη χριστιανική φράση την οποία χρησιμοποιούν πολλοί για να μας αποδείξουν ότι το μήνυμα του χριστιανισμού είναι η αγάπη. Χριστίνα Λουγκρίδου, 2Α, Κωνσταντίνα Μεττούρη, Γεωργία Τηλεμάχου, Χρύσω Γεωργίου, 2Β Α ΠΑΓΚΟΣΜΙΟΣ ΠΟΛΕΜΟΣ O Α' Παγκόσμιος Πόλεμος, επίσης γνωστός ως ο Μεγάλος Πόλεμος (αγγλ. Great War, γαλλ. Grande Guerre), έλαβε χώρα τον Αύγουστο του 1914 ως την 11η Νοεμβρίου Οι Ενωμένες Δυνάμεις (κυρίως οι Μεγάλη Βρετανία, Γαλλία, ως τις αρχές του 1918 η Ρωσία και, από το 1917, οι Η.Π.Α.) νίκησαν τις Κεντρικές Δυνάμεις (Γερμανία, Αυστροουγγαρία, Οθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία και Βουλγαρία) και οδήγησαν στην κατάρρευση τεσσάρων αυτοκρατοριών και σε ριζικές αλλαγές στον χάρτη της Ευρώπης. Οι Ενωμένες Δυνάμεις συχνά ονομάζονται οι Δυνάμεις της Αντάντ, ενώ οι Κεντρικές Δυνάμεις αναφέρονται και ως η Τριπλή Συμμαχία. Τα θύματα του Α' Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου ανέρχονται σε 9 εκατομμύρια. Νέα τεχνολογία στον πόλεμο για μεγαλύτερη καταστροφή: Από τις αρχές του αιώνα όλες οι Μεγάλες Δυνάμεις ρίχτηκαν σε έναν ξέφρενο αγώνα δρόμου ενίσχυσης και εκσυγχρονισμού των ενόπλων τους δυνάμεων. Στη Βρετανία οι στρατιωτικές δαπάνες αυξήθηκαν σχεδόν κατά 30% μέσα στη δεκαετία Το 1913 ήταν 140% υψηλότερες από ότι το Η Γερμανία στα μέσα της δεκαετίας του 1890 δαπανούσε 90 περίπου εκατομμύρια Μάρκα κάθε χρόνο για το πολεμικό της ναυτικό. Το 1913 είχαν ξεπεράσει τα 400 εκατομμύρια Μάρκα! Και οι άλλες Μεγάλες Δυνάμεις δεν πήγαιναν πίσω. Η ζωή στα χαρακώματα: Μέσα σ αυτούς τους τάφους που τους ονόμαζαν χαρακώματα, με τα συστήματα των υπογείων διαβάσεων και διόδων, μας έλειπαν σχεδόν τα πάντα. Έμαθα γρήγορα... να κρεμάω το ψωμί σ ένα σύρμα στη μέση του ορύγματος για να μην το φτάνουν τα ποντίκια, να κοιμάμαι με βρεγμένες αρβύλες, γιατί το να προσπαθήσεις να τις ξαναβάλεις, αφού τις είχες βγάλει, θα ήταν μάταιο, να κοιμάμαι τυλιγμένος σε μια μουσκεμένη χλαίνη, να κοιμάμαι τέσσερις ώρες ανάμεσα σε θορύβους, σε φωνές ανθρώπων, σε βρωμερές αναθυμιάσεις. Αλέξανδρος Κωνσταντίνου, 6Α 19

20 Ομήρου Οδύσσεια Classical Appreciation Ο Όμηρος φέρεται ως ο συγγραφέας των ποιητικών κειμένων της Ιλιάδας και της Οδύσσειας, από τα πρώτα κείμενα της Ιστορικής περιόδου της αρχαίας Ελλάδας, γνωστά ως «Ομηρικά Έπη». H Οδύσσεια είναι το δεύτερο μεγάλο έπος της αρχαίας ελληνικής γραμματείας μετά την Ιλιάδα. Πραγματεύεται τον περιπετειώδη νόστο (επαναπατρισμό) του ήρωα του Τρωικού πολέμου και βασιλιά της Ιθάκης Οδυσσέα και το φόνο των μνηστήρων, που είχαν καταλάβει το παλάτι του και διεκδικούσαν τη γυναίκα του Πηνελόπη. Χωρίστηκε από τους Αλεξανδρινούς Γραμματικούς σε 24 ραψωδίες, που αριθμήθηκαν με τα μικρά γράμματα του ελληνικού αλφαβήτου. Κατά ομάδες οι ραψωδίες συναπαρτίζουν την Τηλεμάχεια (α-δ), όπου βλέπουμε το γιο του Οδυσσέα Τηλέμαχο να αναζητά τον πατέρα του, τη Φαιακίδα (ζ-ν), όπου ακούμε τον ίδιο τον ήρωα να αφηγείται στους Φαίακες τις προηγούμενες περιπέτειές του και να φτάνει στην Ιθάκη και τέλος τη Μνηστηροφονία (ξ-ω), την ιστορία της τιμωρίας των μνηστήρων. Χριστίνα Χριστοδούλου, 1B Ελένη Η Ελένη, ενσάρκωση της γυναικείας - ιδανικής ομορφιάς αλλά ταυτόχρονα και σύμβολο απιστίας, κέντρισε το ενδιαφέρον και ενέπνευσε όσο καμιά άλλη γυναικεία μορφή της μυθολογίας τον τραγικό ποιητή Ευριπίδη. Η «Ελένη» του Ευριπίδη δεν ακολούθησε τον Πάρη, αλλά βρισκόταν στην Αίγυπτο στο παλάτι του βασιλιά Πρωτέα, ενώ στην Τροία βρισκόταν μόνο το είδωλό της. Ο Ευριπίδης χρησιμοποιεί στην τραγωδία του την ιδέα του ειδώλου, για να αναδείξει πως ο πόλεμος κάποιες φορές μπορεί να χαρακτηριστεί ως μάταιος και ανούσιος και ταυτόχρονα για να δηλώσει πως πολλές φορές υπάρχει μια έντονη διάσταση ανάμεσα στο φαίνεσθαι και στο είναι. Ο μακροχρόνιος Τρωικός πόλεμος έγινε στην ουσία για ένα τίποτα και η Ελένη κατηγορήθηκε και καταράστηκε από τους Έλληνες χωρίς η ίδια να φταίει. Αστέρω Κωνσταντίνου, 3A Χορός στην αρχαία ελληνική τραγωδία Ο χορός στο αρχαίο δράμα αποτελείτο από ερασιτέχνες και η επιλογή του θεωρείτο μεγάλη τιμή. Η συμμετοχή των μελών του χορού ήταν ισότιμη με τη στρατιωτική θητεία. Στην αρχή τα μέλη του χορού ήταν δώδεκα. Από τον Σοφοκλή και έπειτα έγιναν δεκαπέντε. Το χορό απαρτίζουν συνήθως γυναίκες ή γέροντες, άνθρωποι δηλαδή αδύναμοι να επέμβουν δραστικά στην εξέλιξη του δράματος. Συμμετέχουν συναισθηματικά, παρακολουθώντας την πορεία του τραγικού ήρωα και συμπάσχουν μαζί του. Ο χορός δίνει στη τραγωδία λυρική διάσταση με το τραγούδι του, πάντοτε μιλάει σε ενικό αριθμό και εκφράζει τη δράση και τα συναισθήματα όλων των μελών του. Κατά κανόνα ο χορός έμπαινε στην ορχήστρα από την δεξιά ως προς τον θεατή πάροδο, σε ένα παραλληλόγραμμο σχηματισμό, έχοντας μπροστά του τον αυλητή. Συνήθως παρέμενε στην ορχήστρα σε όλη τη διάρκεια του έργου. Οι μεταστάσεις, δηλαδή οι αποχωρήσεις του χορού από την ορχήστρα κατά τη διάρκεια της δράσης, είναι ελάχιστες στα έργα που σώζονται και γίνονται για δραματικούς λόγους. Ξένια Μενελάου, 3B 20

21 History Why did Nazi Germany Lose the Second World War? Hitler s decision to invade the USSR was one of the main reasons Germany lost the Second World War. Nazi Germany was winning the war up until 1941 but the invasion of the Soviet Union was a turning point in the war. The invasion of the USSR turned out to be a mistake as Hitler had overstretched his army and the war went into a long drawn out struggle, which Germany lost. Hitler had underestimated the USSR army, climate and economic ability. The second reason why Germany lost the Second World War was the USA. The United States joined the Allies in 1941 which proved to be another decisive turning point. The men, machines and munitions available to the Allies far outweighed Germany s once USA had joined the war. It became a war of attrition and Germany quickly lost the war of production, due to Allied bombing and US war materials. In conclusion Germany lost the war because Hitler s decision to invade the USSR meant that he needed more weapons which Germany could not produce enough of due to Allied bombing and the United States war production ability. Atalanti Pourikkou, 4A The Life of Boys and Girls in Ancient Athens The boys in Ancient Athens had a much better way of living in their early years of life and later as adults, when they could vote as free citizens and enjoy freedom and the culture of Ancient Athens. Boys were preferred at birth by the family rather than girls, because girls required a dowry when they got married. After a boy s or a girl s birth, the father put an olive branch outside his door to announce the birth. That only happened when the child was wanted. If it was not wanted, its parents would leave it in the street to die. If another family, that could not have children, wanted to take it and raise it as their own they could take it from the street. Ten days after the birth, the family had a celebratory meal. The life of boys and girls was pretty much the same until they turned 7 years old. Before that they used to spend their time playing with toys such as balls, dolls and toy chariots. Their mother used to read stories and nursery rhymes to them. Well known ones are Aesop s Fables. When the boys turned 7, they attended school and learnt how to read, write, and in later years, even learned how to play the flute and lyre. Their main subjects were arithmetic and history. Additionally, each boy had a slave called the paidotrides who took care of him and made sure he did his homework and behaved. Also there were no school buildings so everyday lessons took place at the teachers house. On the other hand, girls did not attend school and were expected to stay at home and help their mothers with chores around the house, unless the family was poor and could not afford to bring a teacher home to teach their daughters different things, as rich people did. Later, as women, they were not able to vote and were not even allowed to go to different events like the Olympic Games. A women s place was at home raising her children and seeing to her family s needs. Georgia Georgiades, 1B Primary and Secondary Evidence Primary evidence is the evidence that was written or made at the actual time in the past that you are studying. Secondary Evidence is the evidence that was written or made after the time in the past that you are studying. Ivi Zari, 1A 21

22 Physics How Microwave Ovens Work If you place an apple, or any other fruit, on the disc of a microwave oven, for 30 seconds, you will observe that the apple gets warm while the disc remains cool. Likewise, if you place a mug containing water or any aqueous solution in the microwave oven for the same amount of time, once you take it out you may come to the conclusion that the liquid was not heated because the mug is still quite cool, but if you place your finger in the liquid you will see that the liquid is, in fact, warm. So, how do microwave ovens heat food without directly heating the food containing vessel? The answer is that microwave ovens do not actually heat the food but the water molecules inside the food. This is due to the structure of the water molecules. Structure of a water molecule Well, why are water molecules so special? Water molecules are dipolar; they have a positive and a negative pole, much like a magnet. For this reason the vibrating and alternating electric field of the microwaves sets the water molecules into a forced vibration, having a frequency of several billions of cycles per second. The molecules stretch, bend and rub against each other very rapidly, creating friction between them. This friction is what converts the kinetic energy of the water molecules into thermal energy very fast. How a water molecule responds when the direction of the electric field of microwaves is reversed. However, water vapour inside the microwave oven does not get warm. This can be explained very simply. Water vapour molecules are set into a forced vibration by the microwaves like any other water molecule would be. Nevertheless, since water molecules are spread out, far away from each other, there is no friction between them, hence no warming. In the case of ice the crystalline structure of solid water (ice) locks the molecules. So, they can t change orientation. No motion means no friction and no friction means no warming. The defrost setting of the microwave oven is specifically designed for its purpose. It pulses the microwaves on and off. Since, there is always some liquid water on the surface of ice the first pulse of microwaves heats this water. Then time is allowed for the heat to spread throughout and produce more liquid water before the next heating pulse comes and so on. Stavrina Demosthenous, 6A Electrostatic Paint Spray The arrows show how the electric field strength changes with time at a point inside the microwave oven. As you may know, millions of cars are made each year. The metallic car bodies need to be painted and this is a difficult task. Can you imagine painting such a complicated surface full of irregularities with a brush? How can this be done in an efficient way? The solution to this problem is to make use of the properties of electrostatic charges. The paint spray goes past the positive terminal of a high voltage so that when the paint leaves the spray all the tiny drops are positively charged. This happens because the atoms lose some of their electrons. Respectively, the metallic car body is given a negative charge via the high voltage. This way, the paint droplets are repelled form each other and attracted to the car body making the painting procedure much faster and efficient: The area covered by the spray is bigger because the droplets are more spread out. Less paint will be spilled on the floor because the paint is attracted towards the car. The paint will be going to every nook and cranny of the shape making the procedure faster. Emily Loizidou, 4A 22

23 Mathematics School Book In real life we found data all around us. Data can be collected on almost all aspects of life. Data can be collected concerning the height of people, the grades obtained by students in a school, the temperatures of cities in the world, the number of tickets sold at the box office of a cinema theater etc. The data used in this presentation were provided from Alpine Cinemas which are located in New York. These data consist of number of tickets sold per day along with number of popcorn packs. Data were also found online from the website weather underground. These data consist of average monthly temperatures in Vienna Austria. Scatter plots are used to identify the relationship between two variables. In scatter plots each value of one variable is plotted against the respective value of the other variable. A scatter plot is a visual representation of pairs of observations. If two variables have some kind of association a scatter plot will show this. The scatter plot with all the pairs of observations from 1 st of June 2007 until 13 th of September 2007 is now Data Set 3: presented. As it can be seen there appears to be a positive correlation between Average monthly temperatures in Austria Vienna from 1997 to 2009 the number of tickets sold at the box office and the number of popcorn packs sold. This means that the greater the number of tickets sold at the box office of the cinema the greater the number of popcorn packs is expected to be sold. The relationship between two variables can also be assessed in the occasion where one variable is time. Time series is the result of recording a The complete time series plot is now presented. variable against time. For better understanding successive data values are An annual seasonal behaviour is clear and is connected with a straight line. The average temperatures in Vienna Austria are associated with the seasons. No obvious upward or downward trend. 36 shown from 1997 until From the graph it is clear that there is an annual seasonal behavior that is associated with the seasons. This is reasonable in the sense that it is expected that the colder months will be the winter months and the warmer months will be the summer months. It can also be said that there is no obvious upward or downward trend. Another data set that is going to be considered is that of the number of tickets sold at Alpine Cinemas. As it can be seen clearly there appears to be a weekly seasonal behavior that is associated with the weeks. It can also be said that there appears to be an upward trend during the first 8 9 weeks and then a downward trend. The reason that there was an upward trend in the number of tickets sold during the first weeks is because during this period two very popular movies were released. The Transformers and Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix. Afterwards the movies released where not so popular and so there was a downward trend. It can further be noted from the time series plot that the number of tickets sold during Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays is much higher compared to the number of tickets sold during the other four days. As indicated by the time series plot the number of tickets sold during Mondays, Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays are clearly lower. The only dates that are an exception to this were Tuesday the 3 rd of July and Wednesday the 4 th of July. The number of tickets sold these two days was exceptionally high compared to Tuesdays and Wednesdays of other weeks. These exceptionally high values are probably due to the independence day of the USA on the 4 th of July. After carrying out some further research in the internet it was found that another reason that the number of tickets sold during these two particular days was high because of the premiere of The Transformers on the 3 rd of July. It was interesting to investigate if individual movies have the same patterns. The time series plot of the number of tickets sold for Bourne Ultimatum show that there appears to be a weekly seasonal behavior that is associated with the weeks, on the other hand the number of tickets sold for each movie separately had always a downward trend. Of course this is something that is reasonable because movies are more popular when they are first released and slowly their popularity falls down as new movies are released. The time series plot for the number of tickets sold for Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix shows the same pattern with Bourne Ultimatum. The only difference is that the number of tickets sold for the first Thursday was very high. Again the reason was that the movie was released on Thursday the 12 th of July instead of Friday. The final thing that is going to be presented is a comparison of the number of tickets sold for the three movies. The three movies were drawn on the same scale so that it is easier to compare the number of tickets sold in each of them. It was then very clear from the comparison that The Transformers was indeed a very popular movie while Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix was also a popular movie. Nicolaou Katerina, Zachariades Christos, Zachariadou Joanna, 5A Data Set 1: Number of Tickets sold at the Box office of a cinema against the number of Popcorn packs sold As expected the greater the number of tickets sold at the box office of the cinema the greater the number of popcorn packs sold. Data Set 4: Number of Tickets sold at the Box office of Alpine Cinemas from 01-Jun-2007 until 13-Sep-2007 The number of tickets sold during Fridays, Saturdays and Sundays are notably higher compared to the number of tickets sold during the other days