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6 _ ' و D زد! \] [ Z س WX Y $ OPQRSPT ن U < MN $ر E ن FGH IJKL D روش $ => ' د>د! ر `ab b ر>ن cd و ' e #," P #/ ($ %" 8( ; T 2--4,7 P #/ " ;S ;" d $ " = &- $ %" K' ƒa " $&#<. N" ;'> u ;" k8(!a.& -&a- ' &#)$ ;,B CRS=[7] I8( &I " '&" ".' #," P #/ " B = I " P #/ #," P #/ ( $ %" 8( CRS= ' K#IH7 &" 4..; $&8( P #/ ' " $S u. J'&G ' $ ;" - ' " VRS =. $ H u. - ' &#)$ ;,B VRS = P #/ ' - Min θ, Y.[65] ^" (VRS)P #/ " ;S&#y $ " " CRS= " NL'λ= θ s. t. y + Yλ, i = 2,,..., N i θ X X λ, i = 2,,..., N i NL λ = λ.[8] " K' A N;" d # & - o ( 2) &" NL' ' $( " B XF VRS CRS 3 ( %" - ' &'/ #" &) 3 - ' #" XF P #/ ' la / B P #/ ' la ; TE SE = TR CRS VRS.[9] " VRSCRS :';"&' 9" P #/ ' 4..P#/ " ;S;" d $ " = $ ;" - ' : TE CRS. P #/ " ;S&#y $ " = $ ;" - ' : TE VRS (3) Min θ, Y θ s. t. y + Yλ 0, i = 2,,..., N i θ X X λ 0, i = 2,,..., N i NL λ λ 0 $ EF 3--4 (4) 82

7 ن *٤ (2*2) 66-4 تورد P #/ " ;S $ " &C $ %" &" (= P #/ ' B " =. X&G&" P #/ " ;S ':- &#< '.; ( ' ':- ;" d.' ; " (4) 9" λ= " λ ;'> & # B J'&G VRS= F\ " NL'RS - ' &'/ ' / J'&G ( %"&( &" (( ' ':-) P #/ " ;S ' la j ##a7 4 = $;" - ' &'/&).&#) E\ VRS NL'RS 3 = $;" - ' &'/&) #' 7 $ %" ':- P #/ " ;S $ " S.[9] " ( P #/ " ;S $ " $ %" S &' E E N8B C ".; # /9 a B :;-&) E\.pY SY J'&G < " &5 #,7(_..!" #,B 389= < " $ H. &Sa ( ;' 8!A E '& `" $ H &#( &, 3 " &" $&," $ N8B E AFG &," O' " # &" 3 &#)8 3.; $ = S a. 9 /9 (]5 X( %8( A&- ( &#( ( &,!\ ( ;!Y& 8266 a. 9 /9 &"$&," 850" B7 " C '".; &,3&( % 8 42 K( &, " r"& 8 &, " r"& 8 44 # '. c `.'&) l " ( " SY J'&G " &#( &, " r"& (c (s )!F I! '( 5 a7 ) &) &# $ B &) &# ; &' i9 ;', /9 ^'& " B7 " A 8B E #\ >#o7 (&#y A " ' #8# #Y #" E a-!\ - # E a9 a7 % &#< ;#. a- $ "&b7 EF#>7!8B -&) &C - 7 & = ' la (&#y A " " $ O'&7 (PF ;& $ $ a. 9 &, #.7 ($, " r"& E AFG \F() =B.; $ T#7&7 " &#( ( &, #.7 #% # () =B JSG #% # '&#".; I( /2 a. 9 &, &( ; &' i9 #% #." l&)!# #" E a- a7 #% #." -&H.; 97a7 " &#( &, " r"& $ B &# A 8B ()]' " r"& E AFG (2) =B." a- 6 Y &, &(.; $ $ a. 9 (8 83

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9 ن *٤ (2*2) 66-4 تورد O" A " #. O' XF $ ; " O' ' E&8 b S > ".; $ $ ($ = $ ;" O' (3) =B.; $ 'ib ##" #8 0/02 0/6 0/03 0/03 0/23 0/03 0/09 0/25 0/22 X&> 0/28 0/25 0/28 0/29 0/24 0/26 0/29 0/26 0/26 #% # 0/46 0/68 0/66 0/5 0/7 0/7 0/5 0/73 0/68 # /9 (8 P #/ ' j :# (CRS)P #/ " ;S ;" d $ " " - ' (VRS)P #/ " ;S &#y $ " " - ' (Scale)P #/ ' K( (CRS)P #/ " ;S ;" d $ " " - ' (VRS)P #/ " ;S &#y $ " " - ' (Scale)P #/ ' &#( (CRS)P #/ " ;S ;" d $ " " - ' (VRS)P #/ " ;S &#y $ " " - ' (Scale)P #/ &, P #/ - ' z >. 8 E < " CYF (3) =B O' " B7 " "%49&#( K( ( &, &" A '. ($, / 5 Y 7 => #.7 ( " $ H ($, 7 &, &( ; '$( la &, &" E < " u. - ' la # D(.( ( ' %29u. - ' la K( &, &" b# '.; $ ;"%34P#/ ' - ' la &" &#( &, &" " l.; $ ; " %29 :# P #/ ' la E < " - ' P #/ ' la X4Y " 4.." %32 P #/ ' la %27 u. 7 &#( &, &" 0/7" 0/5 K( &, &" 0/68" 0/46 &, ' ^ :# ' &" S = #o&- 3&'45 &" 4.."' ':- 0/73 " 0/5 ' la X4Y. B " &#" a. 9 ( &, &' " ;S K( &, P #/ ( P #/ " ;S.: $ " ' (Y &#) & B7 7 E\ ' " P #/ ':- P #/ " ;S $ " ' (Y $& c B #.7 '&- " #.7 ($, :-. P #/ ' ':- S," ƒa " $ ' ':- #.7 ($, & - o " 7.; $ $ E < " P #/ " ;S $ " O' (4) =B 85

10 _ ' و D زد! \] [ Z س WX Y $ OPQRSPT ن U < MN $ر E ن FGH IJKL D روش $ => ' د>د! ر `ab b ر>ن cd و ' e fgh # /9 ( 8 P #/ " ;S $ " &#( \ a7 \ a7 \ a7 P #/ " ;S $ " j 6/66 7 7/5 4 /80 7 P #/ " ;S;" d $ " 7/4 3 8/75 7 9/02 3 P #/ " ;S.: $ " 76/ / /6 4 P #/ " ;S a\ $ " %73 Y K( &, %79 &, CYF (4) =B " B7 " # a\ P #/ " ;S $ " ;. Y E < " %76 Y &#( &,.: P #/ " ;S $ " ;. Y E < " \ %7 8 9 Y &#( ( &, #.7 i9 ' " ;#. a-(irs) P #/ " ;S $':- $ " ^'& 7 < " '&" ".$&@8A " 7 #.7 Y &( ^ ':( ($, 87 {5 &%' 7 SA ".( ':- " ;S $':- $ " ;. Y ; ' ' J9."' ( $ %" $ 87 ;8# " ;" d &- " ; ($, ':- &#" => ':- ;S P #/ ':( ($, {5 a' ( ^ ':( > &" ;&YƒA" & ' #.7 :# D#/7 A."' ( #.7 Y $ ':-!# " 7 #.7 Y ( #.7 Y ':( #.7 P #/ ^" ( I )#.7 " ^'& ' (Y '&" ".; $&8( #B7 " #.7 i9 3&) ':- '&" ".( ( ;#. a- i9 ' " ;#ao S," &" ;#. a-(drs) P #/ " ;S $( $ ".( " P #/ " ;S a\ $ ";. Y E < " \80Y ' " B7 " 4. S D#87 E < " #.7 ':- ;,B ($,&#" X& a. 9 /9 &C N'7 (5) =B.' ;" ' ':- S," - D( #.7 ':- $ ' 7 ".; $ $ % P #/ ' &-.-&) & %90-00'!\ - % \ '&#" CYF(5) =B JSG &%40-50!\ - K( &, %50-60!\ - % a7 &,." %60-70#" &#( &, &" " l 86

11 ن *٤ (2*2) 66-4 تورد # /9 P #/ ' _!` i9 % &- &#( ' 9 \ a7 \ a7 \ a7 ( \)P #/ 9 / / / &8 9 / / /9 5 3 / / /4 3 6 / / / / / / 75 7 / / / 5 0 / / / / ( #.7 ($, $ #" 9" $ G " ; I':#- vf l,h K' #.7 N" 7 R i9 (, #a &' / " => :# '&#" P &" #.7 N" 7 & '&C $H " )#.7 &" & &- 7 #.7 '&C " B7 " 4..; $ _'&a7 - ' F9\ #.7 B - &#) " " => '&#" # u` ($, &C ' &C S " B7 " 7 #.7 ' '.( ) #.7 $&). & &##y7 \ #.7 / $, X& :# \ K' &##y7&d ( $, #.7.& l!a $, &( &" #.7 Y 7 $, #.7 $ H " ' 8o.& ( #Y,7 ( 9/ P #/ " ( #.7 > 9/ &( #.7 &C " => #8`7. &##y7 K' &H\ #" / " /9 #.7 l.; $ '(6) =B #.7 ($, -&) #.7 &' / % => ':- &" (@ A # ( (6) =B &, ' #8# #Y #" E a- ) &# ;&' i9 ($, &, &".(#.7 #Y ) ($, ' " /9 " K' &H\ #" $ H ; $ a ' #8# #" E a- ) &# ; &' i9 K( $ a &, ' #Y t $ #k8( ( #Y ($, ' /9.; 87

12 _ ' و D زد! \] [ Z س WX Y $ OPQRSPT ن U < MN $ر E ن FGH IJKL D روش $ => ' د>د! ر `ab b ر>ن cd و ' e fgh # /9 ($, #.7 &" &#( $, t-ratio t-ratio t-ratio 2 /9 0/ 46-3/2-0/ 44 2 /6 0/ 36 4 /5 0/ 66 ** 3 /4 0/ 34-3/9-0/ 34 3 /5 0/ 26 6 /7 0/ 58 3 /6 0/ 24-3/ -0/ 0 5 /7 0/ 34 9 /5 0/ 62 /07 0 / / 3 0 / 08 2 / 2 0/ 2 /6 0 / 9 3 / 8 0/ 26 2 /9 0/ 3 ** ; &' i9 ' $ B &# ) &# #" E a- #Y ' #8# /34 / 8 / 35 P #/ " ;S $ " $ H /9 E\ " #" E a- ) &# ; &' i9 ($, &#( &, &, &( %.; $ a ' #8# #Y ($, t $ ; $ " ` &%' #.7 l #Y $ B &# $ H &#( ':- X& $ " $ B &# I!" " '8 (,7 #.7 $, ' ( X& a. 9 % ' &" Sl#o&- 3&'45 &" '&" ".#5:#. /9 $ -&) " ($, 87 ##a7 #.7 X9a N P #/ " ;S $ " 7 #.7 N"7 l &( &" ( j8b &, % ( " P #/ " ;S $ " ;-' 7=B O'.& D#( ':- \ 00 #! &) T#7&7 '"." /34 /8 /35 T#7&7 " &#(.')(IRS) P #/ " ;S a\ $ " ;. Y ' " ' ':-00 &#" #.7 :# 7,$& 6 :'/9 % ' S," ;,B&' (,#5 (]5 ' O' " B7 " &##y7 ($, i#>\ $ H " #\7 P #/ ' $ ;" O' " B7 ".( ;&Y c!9 P #/ " #.7 #.7 Y (':( T " $ B &# $, $ H < " ; ' 8 #.7 N" 7 O' &" " ;S < " ( ) :# &" b'&7 E l b " ' " #," E\ ':- #.7 $ "&b7 " &# &#) " $, $ H #," Y.( 88

13 ن *٤ (2*2) 66-4 تورد #.7 ( # # 7 I " EF#,7 (;8# &" E C )#.7 ;. ;' 8Y )#.7 J#-7 (&S( 7 % " S," E I '. " T => 8#" N " " S," ;,B /9 % a7 (' SA ;- ' b' % o&a => '& ;,B G"&!'S7 N' \ b' :' &".$:- 3 ( &G!# $ # ' " &' EF#,7 ;'/7 b'.;. l& ; "(SOC) A 8B &g " '( c ^'& " B7 " A " (3 &" 'B ( - 3 $ H./ A = < " Eg>.(389).,B E E AFG - &-. :' &" ; a,b E &,7.(&8 &, a. 9) & % ' #.7.(384).3 j r ' $&," $]' a7 a. 9: ( $ $ H " ' j &#) $.(387).j "&.Pt E.6$ 8 6= a7. &, 5 2!B!b..!" # j: ' ##a7.(386).c.j# l B.lYS\ R 2$ 8 3 $ H " #.7 ( a7 P #/ #`7 - ' a. 9.(384).] D'&".$ 8> g {&H #8b5 Eg / A8b.D &8 ; a. 9: ( $ &#)&-@#!>7-7 &.(!" #$ % &' M [6] Villano, V., Fleming, E., (2006). Technical Inefficiency and Production Risk in Rice Farming: Evidence from Central Luzon Philippines. Asian Economic journal, 20(), [7] Tozer, P., (200). Measuring the Efficiency of Wheat Production of Western Australian Growers. Paper presented to the 54th annual meeting of the Australian Agricultural and Resource Economics Society, Adelaide, SA. Australia. [8] Osborne, S., Trueblood, M. A., (2006). An Examination of Economic Efficiency of Russian Crop Production in the Reform Period. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 34, [9] Croppenstedt, A., (2005). Measuring Technical Efficiency of Wheat Farmers in Egypt. ESA Working Paper, 5-6. [0] Necat, M., Alemdar, T., (2005). Technical Efficiency Analysis of Tobacco Farming in Southeastern Anatolia. Department of Agricultural Economics of Çukurov, University Turkey. [] Latruffe, L., Balcombe, K., Davidova, S., Zawalinska, K., (2005). Technical and scale efficiency of crop and livestock farms in Poland: Does specialization matter. Journal of Agricultural Economics, 32, [] [2] [3] [4] [5] 89

14 _ ' و D زد! \] [ Z س WX Y $ OPQRSPT ن U < MN $ر E ن FGH IJKL D روش $ => ' د>د! ر `ab b ر>ن cd و ' e fgh [2] Karagiannis, G., Sarris, A., (2004). Measuring and Explaining Scale Efficiency with the Parametric Approach: The Case of Greek Tobacco Growers. Agricultural Economics, 33, [3] Greene, W. H., (990). A gamma-distributed stochastic frontier model. Journal of Econometrics, 46, [4] Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., Rhodes, E., (978). Measuring the Efficiency of Decision Making Units. European Journal of Operational Research, 2, [5] Schmidt, P., Knox Lovell, C. A., (979). Estimating technical and a locative inefficiency relative to stochastic production and cost frontiers. Journal of economics, 9, [6] Cooper, W., Seiford, L. M., Tone, K., (2000). Data envelopment analysis: a comprehensive text with models. Applications, reference and DEA-Solver. [7] Banker, R. D., Charnes, A., Cooper, W. W., (984). Some Models for Estimating Technical and Scale Inefficiencies in Data Envelopment Analysis. Management Science, 30(9), [8] Coelli, T., Rao, O., Battese, E., (2002). An introduction to efficiency and productivity analysis. Kluwer Academic Publisher U.S.A. sixth printing, [9] Bjurek, H. L., Hjalmarsson, L., Forsund, F. R., (990). Deterministic parametric and nonparametric estimation in service production. Journal of Econometrics, 46,

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