Nemetschek Frilo GmbH

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1 Seite: 1 Spannbettbinder B8 01/2018 (Frilo prerelease) Eigengewicht Fertigteil nicht dargestellt System: Double-pitch roof Basics: Load combinatorics: NA to BS EN 1990/A1: EN 1990:2002/AC:2010 ULS: Structural safety checks(str) permanent/variable design situation with equation 6.10 a,b Design code: NA to BS EN /A2: EN :2004 /AC:2010 Prestressing for pretensioning

2 Seite: 2 System Geometry: Total L = m Effective L1 = m Outstand left L0 = 0.15 m right L2 = 0.15 m Distance Ridge L3 = m Height beam : left H1 = 95.0 cm Ridge H2 = cm right H3 = 95.0 cm Relation eff.span to height of beam: L1/H2 = Erection attachment, distance from the beginning resp. end of beam: Hook L8 = 3.75 m right L9 = 3.75 m Cross-section Precast : Layer of cross-section from top to bottom Nr Width Distance Remarks [cm] [cm] Web begin Web end Web height over beam length constant Material: Prestressing steel Y1770S7 Strand 7 wires dd = 4.1 mm dp = 12.3 mm Ep = N/mm 2 Ap = cm 2 fp0.1k = 1520 N/mm 2 fpk = 1770 N/mm 2 εuk = 35.0 εud = 31.5 Partial safety factor : γs = 1.15 Coeff. prestress: charact. value rsup = 1.00 rinf = 1.00 Design value γp,max = 1.10 γp,min = 0.90 Proof of crack width Equ. diameter dpv = 7.20 mm ξ = 0.60 (Tab. 6.2) Relaxation class 2 (strands, wires, low relaxation) σp0/fpk 10 h 200 h 1000 h h Losses in % by (6), example process Permitted stresses: in formwork σp N/mm 2 (0.90* fp0.1k) after anchor. release σp N/mm 2 (0.85* fp0.1k) char. Lc σp N/mm 2 (0.75* fp0.1k) Transmission length ηp1 = 3.20 η1 = 1.00 α1 = 1.25 α2 = 0.19 σpm0 = 922 N/mm 2 PT: fctdt = 0.81 N/mm 2 fbpt = 2.58 N/mm 2 lpt = 1.05 m Dispersion_length: d = 0.91 m ldisp = 1.39 m

3 Seite: 3 Reinforcing steel: Longitudinal Stirrup B 500B B 500B Es = N/mm 2 Es = N/mm 2 fyk = 500 N/mm 2 fyk = 500 N/mm 2 ftk = 540 N/mm 2 ftk = 540 N/mm 2 εuk = 50.0 εuk = 50.0 εud = 45.0 εud = 45.0 Partial safety factor : γs = 1.15 γs = 1.15 permitted stresses in SLS : σs 400 N/mm 2 σs 400 N/mm 2 (0.80 * fyk) Requirements durability: top bottom attack on concrete X0 X0 attack on reinforc. XC1 XC1 min. concrete class C 20/25 C 20/25 stirrup φ,l = 8 mm long. reinforcement φ,m = 20 mm φ,m = 16 mm prestressed steel dp = 12.3 mm strand allowance in design Δcdev = 5 mm *2 Δcdev = 5 mm *2 stirrup cmin,l = 15 mm cmin,l = 15 mm concrete coverage cnom,l = 20 mm cnom,l = 20 mm longitudinal bars cmin,m = 20 mm *5 cmin,m = 16 mm *5 concrete coverage cnom,m = 28 mm *1 cnom,m = 28 mm *1 prestressing steel : cmin,p = 19 mm *5 cmin,p = 19 mm *5 concrete coverage cnom,p = 28 mm *1 cnom,p = 28 mm *1 laying dist. link c,l = 20 mm c,l = 20 mm all. crack width wmax = 0.20 mm wmax = 0.20 mm decompression not req. not req. *1:with cmin,l *2: Quality Control *5: bond decisive Concrete: Precast C 50/60 fck = N/mm 2 αcc = 0.85 fctk0.05 = 2.85 N/mm 2 αct = 1.00 γ = kn/m 3 Unit Ecm = N/mm 2 αe = 1.00 Coeff. E-module Gcm = N/mm 2 Partial safety factor : γc = 1.50 permitted stresses in SLS : char. Lc σc N/mm 2 q.perm.lc σc N/mm 2 Removal the anchor t= t0t(sto) fcm(t) = N/mm 2 fck(t) = N/mm 2 linear creep σc N/mm 2 (k2=0.45) maximum σc N/mm 2 (k6=0.70) Creep modulus & shrinkage strain no heat treatment, t0t = t0 CementStrenght class 42,5R;52,5 ρ= 0.5 (Aging coefficient) Reference point for t0 is the start of the concreting of the precast

4 Seite: 4 Creep t0 RH Days % Storage 1 70 Utilization precast L. Segment Part- t0 t α t0,eff βt0 ßH βc(t,t0) φrh βfcm φ(t,t0) cross-section B.9 B.5 B.8 B.7 B.3 B.4 B.1 1 Storage PcC Utilization precast PcC L. A U h0 ßds(t0,ts) ßds(t,ts) ßRH εcd,0 ßas εca/10e6 εcs(t,t0) [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm] 3.10 B.12 B [ ] Loads: Self weight Beam beginning g11 = 6.47 kn/m Ridge g12 = kn/m Beam end g13 = 6.47 kn/m Total G = kn Volume V = m 3 Surf. A = m 2 Live loads Units: Single load[kn] Single moment[knm] line load[kn/m] span type gle qle Dist. a gri qri Length Fact Act. Sim. Pos. [m] [m] Load types: 1 = uniformly distr., 2 = single load at a, 3 = single moment at a 4 = trapezoidal load from a, 5 = triangle load over L Actions: Tendons: Act. γq ψ0 ψ1 ψ2 Dep. Cat. Description W Windlasten S Schnee bis NN +1000m Dist(LE) > 3.5 cm axis horizontal > 3.7 cm vertical > 3.7 cm lay. num- area Dist.LE Prestressing <--- Isolations ---> No. ber Ap Yp σp (0) Count to x1 from x2 Type [cm 2 ] [cm] [N/mm 2 ] [m] [m] LE LE LE LE LE LE LE LE x1 and x2 with respect to the left beginning from joint LE= parallel lower edge, UE= parallel upper edge The calculation of the losses due to creep, shrinkage and relaxation following the method from Abelein

5 Seite: 5 Untensioned reinforcement: Layer num- diam. area Dist.LE effective range No. ber Φs,l As Ys from xa to xe Type [mm] [cm 2 ] [cm] [m] [m] LE UE UE xa and xe with respect to the left beginning from joint LE= parallel lower edge, UE= parallel upper edge Surface reinforcement acc.to Tab. NA.J.41 (B0 < D0) : Web (Z1/S3) AsS = 1.24 cm 2 /m (UwkS <= XC4) (per side) Top flange (Z3/S1) AsO = 0.00 cm 2 /m (UwkS <= XC4) Settings for shear resistance check Bearing width, distance bearing edge, effective height of the bearing line left bal = 0.15 m al = 0.07 m dal = 0.92 m right bar = 0.15 m ar = 0.07 m dar = 0.92 m For shear reinforcement not decisive ranges over support A and B: xare=0.99 m direct bearing (width of bearing/2 + eff. depth) xbli=0.99 m direct bearing (width of bearing/2 + eff. depth) Check the limit deformation: Total sagging f L/ 250 Increase deflection df L/ 500 Cantilever left f 0.1 cm df 0.1 cm Span f 12.0 cm df 6.0 cm Cantilever right f 0.1 cm df 0.1 cm quasi- permanent combination and eff. char. prestress Deflection due to shrinkage considered Tension stiffening: Member rigidity, Characteristic combination RESULTS ( summary) Reaction forces (t = infinitely): Units: all [kn] G:perm., Q:variable.,V: Sum <------char. value-----> <--ULS(PT)----> Support point G min Q max Q min V max V A (left) B (right) max. bending moment in erection state(char. value): MF = = knm at x = = m Checks are not complied with: Checkvalue Extrem Utilisation x [m] Resisting tens force bot η = Crack MinAs+AsDuc bottom AsMin = 6.7 cm Incr.-deflection(Util) df = 6.9 cm Prc.:Compr.stress t0(sto) σc = N/mm Buckling installation state (Stiglat) η = Warning Prc.:lin. creep t0(sto) σc = N/mm2 x= m σc <0.45*fck(t)= N/mm2 _disproportional creeping by increased creep modulus considered(fk= 2.28) Required shear reinforcement: Column A: asw = 5.00 cm 2 /m Column B: asw = 5.00 cm 2 /m

6 Seite: 6 Bursting reinforcement left Laying length = 1.04 m from x = 0.00 m As = 5.6 cm 2 right Laying length = 1.04 m from x = m As = 5.6 cm 2 Check of anchorage left: Tensile force resistance in anchoring area Util = 1.19 additional reinforcement necessary right: Tensile force resistance in anchoring area Util = 1.19 additional reinforcement necessary Overview crit. sections Selected basic grid: 10 Sections Checkvalue Extrem Utilisation x [m] Flexural capacity bottom η = Flexural capacity top η = **** **** **** Resisting tens force bot η = ! Resisting tens force top η = **** **** **** Prc.:Compr.stress t0(sto) σc = N/mm ! Prc.:Compr.stress Cc σc = N/mm Stress in prestress.steel σp,cc = N/mm Stress in rebars σs = N/mm Crack MinAs+AsDuc bottom AsMin = 6.7 cm ! Crack MinAs+AsDuc top AsMin = ---- cm Crack width bottom wk = 0.07 mm Crack width top wk = 0.15 mm Sagging top fo = -3.5 cm Sagging bottom fu = 7.2 cm Incr.-deflection(Util) df = 6.9 cm ! Prc.:Shear reinf (web) asw = 5.00 cm 2 /m Concrete strut capacity η = Check not required **** Check not fulfilled Prc.:Precast member Add.: in-situ supplement IS : Installed state SC : State of construction AsDuk:Ductility reinforcement Linear creep limit, informative: Extrem Utilisation x [m] Prc.:lin. creep t0(sto) σc = N/mm Prc.:Compression quasi-permanent Lc σc = N/mm Tensile stress state I, informative: Extrem Utilisation x [m] Prc.:Tens.stress (IS) σt = 9.10 N/mm Prc.:Tens.stress (SC) σt = 3.11 N/mm Internal forces ULS [kn,knm] Design sit. permanent/transient from prestressing ( formwork state) x Min Max Min Max Sto.tA Sto.tA Use.tE Use.tE PRE [m] My My Qz Qz Nv Mv Nv Mv Deg

7 Seite: 7 Design sit. permanent/transient from prestressing ( formwork state) x Min Max Min Max Sto.tA Sto.tA Use.tE Use.tE PRE [m] My My Qz Qz Nv Mv Nv Mv Deg Internal forces SLS <- char. Lc-> <- freq. Lc-> <q.- perm. Lc> x Min Max Min Max Min Max [m] My My My My My My <Flex. capacity-> <-----resisting tensile force > x[m] η bo η to η bo σi/σr al η to σi/σr al =MRd/MEd =MRd/MEd =TRd/TEd [N/mm 2 ] [cm] =TRd/TEd [N/mm 2 ] [cm] # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # *! *** # *** 3.01*! *** # *** 1.72# *** # *** 1.43# *** # *** 1.41# *** # *** 1.16# *** # *** 0.64# *** *! *** 0.11# *** *! *** 0.09# *** *! 88.6 *** 0.02# *** *! 70.8 *** 0.00# *** *! 73.3 *** 0.00# *! # *! # ---

8 Seite: 8 <Flex. capacity-> <-----resisting tensile force > x[m] η bo η to η bo σi/σr al η to σi/σr al =MRd/MEd =MRd/MEd =TRd/TEd [N/mm 2 ] [cm] =TRd/TEd [N/mm 2 ] [cm] *** *! 70.8 *** 0.00# *** *! 88.6 *** 0.02# *** *! *** 0.09# *** *! *** 0.11# *** # *** 0.64# *** # *** 1.16# *** # *** 1.41# *** # *** 1.43# *** # *** 1.72# *** # *** 3.01*! # *! # # # # # # # # # # # # # # Check not required **** Check not fulfilled #:Main tens.stress σi #!: σi > fctk0.05 *:Edge tens. str. σr *!: σr > fctk0.05 Concrete stresses precast x σc,1 σc,2 σc,cc σc,qc σt,cc σt,sc [m] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Check not required **** Check not fulfilled σc,1 : Disproportional creeping check with early strength (sto.) σc,2 : Compressive stress check with early strength (sto./erect.) σc,cc : Compression check Characteristic load combination σc,qc : Disproportional creep check quasi-perm. load combination σt,cc : Tensile stresses,installed state, Characteristic load combination (informative) σt,sc : Tensile stresses,state of construction (informative)

9 Seite: 9 Check the limit deformation: Total sagging f L/ 250 Increase deflection df L/ 500 Cantilever left f 0.1 cm df 0.1 cm Span f 12.0 cm df 6.0 cm Cantilever right f 0.1 cm df 0.1 cm quasi- permanent combination and eff. char. prestress Deflection due to shrinkage considered Tension stiffening: Member rigidity, Characteristic combination df = fte(service)- fta(service) Shear resistance Storage Utilization x fta fte fta fte df [m] [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm] x VEd VEd,red cot Θ z asw,web η [m] [kn] [kn] [cm] [cm] =VRd,max/VEd * * * * * Check not required **** Check not fulfilled *: Take over from last construction phase

10 Seite: 10 Internal forces max MEd from external loads (PT) min MEd from external loads (PT) Moment from prestressing, t= ta storage Moment from prestressing, t= te use x 1.98 [m] max VEd from external loads (PT) min VEd from external loads (PT)

11 Seite: 11 Bending resitance (failure safety) Flexural capacity bottom η = 1,17 x=11,11 m Flexural capacity top η = ***** x= 0,83 m Resisting tens force bot η = 0,84 x= 0,15 m Resisting tens force top η = ***** x= 0,83 m Ausn 100% x [m] Ultimate stress precast component Prc.:Compr.stress Cc σc =-18,62 N/mm2 x= 3,75 m Prc.:Compr.stress t0(sto) σc =-28,43 N/mm2 x= 3,75 m Prc.:Tens.stress (IS) > 100% condition II, informative only Prc.:Tens.stress (SC) > 100% condition II, informative only Ausn 100% x [m]

12 Seite: 12 Deformation Sagging t=ta storage -2,05 cm Sagging t=te storage -3,50 cm Sagging t=ta utilisatio -0,34 cm Sagging t=te utilisa 7,19 cm x [m] Shear force resistance (shear covering) Prc.:Shear reinf (web) asw = 5,00 cm2/m x= 1,14 m Concrete strut capacity η = 1,33 x= 0,83 m Ausn 100% As (cm2/m) x [m]

13 Seite: 13 Selected section x = m from left support Internal force combinations from external loading LAc: dominant variable action (leading action) ULS-PT : permanent + transient design situation (fundam. combination) SLS-Cc : characteristic combination SLS-Fc : frequent combination SLS-Qc : quasi-permanent combination maximum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc Minimum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc maximum shear force:[kn] ULS-PT Storage 51.6 Storage/Erection 52.4 Utilization LAc 10 Effective Tendons ( prestressed formwork state for t = t0 (sto)) No. Area Distance Prestress tens.force Shorttime Layer Ap f.bottom max min max min Relaxation No. [cm 2 ] [cm] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [N/mm 2 ] Untensioned reinforcement Layer Number Diameter Area LE [mm] [cm 2 ] [cm] Cross-section Precast : Layer of cross-section from top to bottom Nr Width Distance Remarks [cm] [cm] Web begin Web end

14 Seite: 14 Cross-section Values brutto ideal Ac zu Ic Ai zi Ii [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] Precast cross-section Internal forces from prestress (mean values, prestressed formwork state) Creep tb Npm (0) te tb Mpm (0) te φfak Prc period [kn] [kn] [knm] [knm] Storage Utilization ta=begin, te=end creep period φfak: Increase factor creep modulus (non-linear creep:> 1.0) Prestress steel relaxation Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,r1 Δσp,r2 No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Prestr. steel, losses due to creeping, shrinking and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,csr1 (0) Δσp,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Stress in rebars due to creeping,shringing and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσs,csr1 (0) Δσs,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Bending with Normal Force ULS L. Creep period Cross- Tens- z MEd MRd η section zone [cm] [knm] [knm] (>1.0) 1 tb Storage P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 2 te Storage P bottom tb Storage/Erection P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom te Utilization P top MEd < 0 n/a 6 te Utilization P bottom #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck

15 Seite: 15 Interim results : Ultimate elongation and internal forces L. εc εs x Ap As Zp Zs Dc Dp Ds [ ] [ ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] Shear Resistance Design value shear force L. Creep period Combination VEd,0 MEd dv [kn] [knm] [kn] due to 1 tb Storage QMax Vccd 2 te Storage QMax Vccd 3 tb Storage/Erection QMax Vccd 4 te Storage/Erection QMax Vccd 5 tb Utilization MMax Vccd 6 te Utilization MMax Vccd Effective cross-section L. Cross- Tens- bw d z Ac Asl σcp VRdc section zone [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] 1 P bottom P bottom P bottom P bottom P bottom P bottom Shear design ν1= L. VEd VEd,red acw cot Θ asw Note al VRd,max [kn] [kn] [cm 2 /m] [cm] [kn] Min # Min Min # Min Min Min #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck Check of crack width limit in SLS perm. crack width: wk < 0.20 mm, Frequent load combination L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup max.σs sr,max εsm-εcm wk section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [mm] [ ] [mm] 1 tb Storage P top 1.00 CS completely compressed 2 te Storage P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 3 tb Storage/Erection P top 1.00 no cracks 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 5 te Utilization P top 1.00 CS completely compressed 6 te Utilization P bottom Internal forces and elongation State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II

16 Seite: 16 L. hc,ef Aceff ξ1 Ap As ρp,ef ρtot k1 k2 k3 c k4 [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [%] [%] [cm] Internal forces cracking and strains (state II) State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II Minimum reinforcement for crack control: L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup σt req. As exist. As section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P top < 4.07 not req. 2 te Storage P bottom < 4.07 not req. 3 tb Storage/Erection P top < 4.07 not req. 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom < 4.07 not req. 5 te Utilization P top < 4.07 not req. 6 te Utilization P bottom <= 0 cm2 Web Flange L. D x0iz Ap ξ1 k kc Act As k kc Act As [mm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] no flange-- x0iz: tensile zone in state I due to cracking forces Ductility reinforcement in precompressed tensile zone: Stress checks SLS b fctm Zs req. As exist. As [cm 3 ] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] Concrete edge stresses in state I due to prestress, creep, shrinkage and relaxation σr Precast L. due to top bottom [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 Prestr. release anchorage csr storage csr utilisation Tab. Compr stresses of concrete MEd σc Precast L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pk Qc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P #1 2 te Storage P tb Storage/Erection P * 4 te Storage/Erection P tb Utilization P te Utilization P #1: due to σc > 0.45* fck(t) increased ceep modulus

17 Seite: 17 Tab. Steel- and Concrete tension stress MEd σp σs σt L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pm Cc,Pk Cc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P < 0 ZII 2 te Storage P < 0 ZII 3 tb Storage/Erection P te Storage/Erection P < tb Utilization P te Utilization P ZII Pk= Prestres char. value, Pm= prestress mean value, StII: State II

18 Seite: 18 Selected section x = 1.00 m from left support Internal force combinations from external loading LAc: dominant variable action (leading action) ULS-PT : permanent + transient design situation (fundam. combination) SLS-Cc : characteristic combination SLS-Fc : frequent combination SLS-Qc : quasi-permanent combination maximum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc Minimum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc maximum shear force:[kn] ULS-PT Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc 10 Effective Tendons ( prestressed formwork state for t = t0 (sto)) No. Area Distance Prestress tens.force Shorttime Layer Ap f.bottom max min max min Relaxation No. [cm 2 ] [cm] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [N/mm 2 ] Untensioned reinforcement Layer Number Diameter Area LE [mm] [cm 2 ] [cm] Cross-section Precast : Layer of cross-section from top to bottom Nr Width Distance Remarks [cm] [cm] Web begin Web end

19 Seite: 19 Cross-section Values brutto ideal Ac zu Ic Ai zi Ii [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] Precast cross-section Internal forces from prestress (mean values, prestressed formwork state) Creep tb Npm (0) te tb Mpm (0) te φfak Prc period [kn] [kn] [knm] [knm] Storage Utilization ta=begin, te=end creep period φfak: Increase factor creep modulus (non-linear creep:> 1.0) Prestress steel relaxation Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,r1 Δσp,r2 No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Prestr. steel, losses due to creeping, shrinking and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,csr1 (0) Δσp,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Stress in rebars due to creeping,shringing and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσs,csr1 (0) Δσs,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Bending with Normal Force ULS L. Creep period Cross- Tens- z MEd MRd η section zone [cm] [knm] [knm] (>1.0) 1 tb Storage P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 2 te Storage P bottom tb Storage/Erection P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom MEd < 0 n/a 5 tb Utilization P top MEd < 0 n/a 6 te Utilization P bottom #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck

20 Seite: 20 Interim results : Ultimate elongation and internal forces L. εc εs x Ap As Zp Zs Dc Dp Ds [ ] [ ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] Shear Resistance Design value shear force L. Creep period Combination VEd,0 MEd dv [kn] [knm] [kn] due to 1 tb Storage QMax Vccd 2 te Storage QMax Vccd 3 tb Storage/Erection QMax te Storage/Erection QMax tb Utilization QMax Vccd 6 te Utilization QMax Vccd Effective cross-section L. Cross- Tens- bw d z Ac Asl σcp VRdc section zone [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] 1 P bottom P bottom P top P top P bottom P bottom Shear design ν1= L. VEd VEd,red acw cot Θ asw Note al VRd,max [kn] [kn] [cm 2 /m] [cm] [kn] Min # Min Min # Min Var Var #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck Check of crack width limit in SLS perm. crack width: wk < 0.20 mm, Frequent load combination L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup max.σs sr,max εsm-εcm wk section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [mm] [ ] [mm] 1 tb Storage P top 1.00 no cracks 2 te Storage P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 3 tb Storage/Erection P top te Storage/Erection P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 5 tb Utilization P top 1.00 CS completely compressed 6 te Utilization P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed Internal forces and elongation State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II

21 Seite: 21 L. hc,ef Aceff ξ1 Ap As ρp,ef ρtot k1 k2 k3 c k4 [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [%] [%] [cm] Internal forces cracking and strains (state II) State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II Minimum reinforcement for crack control: L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup σt req. As exist. As section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P top <= 0 cm2 2 te Storage P bottom < 4.07 not req. 3 tb Storage/Erection P top <= 0 cm2 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom < 4.07 not req. 5 tb Utilization P top < 4.07 not req. 6 te Utilization P bottom < 4.07 not req. Web Flange L. D x0iz Ap ξ1 k kc Act As k kc Act As [mm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] nan(ind) nan(ind) x0iz: tensile zone in state I due to cracking forces Ductility reinforcement in precompressed tensile zone: Stress checks SLS b fctm Zs req. As exist. As [cm 3 ] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] Concrete edge stresses in state I due to prestress, creep, shrinkage and relaxation σr Precast L. due to top bottom [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 Prestr. release anchorage csr storage csr utilisation Tab. Compr stresses of concrete MEd σc Precast L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pk Qc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P * #1 2 te Storage P tb Storage/Erection P * 4 te Storage/Erection P tb Utilization P te Utilization P #1: due to σc > 0.45* fck(t) increased ceep modulus

22 Seite: 22 Tab. Steel- and Concrete tension stress MEd σp σs σt L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pm Cc,Pk Cc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P * 2 te Storage P < tb Storage/Erection P ZII 4 te Storage/Erection P ZII 5 tb Utilization P < 0 ZII 6 te Utilization P < 0 ZII Pk= Prestres char. value, Pm= prestress mean value, StII: State II

23 Seite: 23 Selected section x = 3.60 m from left support Internal force combinations from external loading LAc: dominant variable action (leading action) ULS-PT : permanent + transient design situation (fundam. combination) SLS-Cc : characteristic combination SLS-Fc : frequent combination SLS-Qc : quasi-permanent combination maximum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc Minimum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc maximum shear force:[kn] ULS-PT Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc 10 Effective Tendons ( prestressed formwork state for t = t0 (sto)) No. Area Distance Prestress tens.force Shorttime Layer Ap f.bottom max min max min Relaxation No. [cm 2 ] [cm] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [N/mm 2 ] Untensioned reinforcement Layer Number Diameter Area LE [mm] [cm 2 ] [cm] Cross-section Precast : Layer of cross-section from top to bottom Nr Width Distance Remarks [cm] [cm] Web begin Web end

24 Seite: 24 Cross-section Values brutto ideal Ac zu Ic Ai zi Ii [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] Precast cross-section Internal forces from prestress (mean values, prestressed formwork state) Creep tb Npm (0) te tb Mpm (0) te φfak Prc period [kn] [kn] [knm] [knm] Storage Utilization ta=begin, te=end creep period φfak: Increase factor creep modulus (non-linear creep:> 1.0) Prestress steel relaxation Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,r1 Δσp,r2 No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Prestr. steel, losses due to creeping, shrinking and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,csr1 (0) Δσp,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Stress in rebars due to creeping,shringing and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσs,csr1 (0) Δσs,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Bending with Normal Force ULS L. Creep period Cross- Tens- z MEd MRd η section zone [cm] [knm] [knm] (>1.0) 1 tb Storage P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 2 te Storage P bottom tb Storage/Erection P top ---- Arm of lev. Hz < #1 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom MEd < 0 n/a 5 te Utilization P top MEd < 0 n/a 6 te Utilization P bottom #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck

25 Seite: 25 Interim results : Ultimate elongation and internal forces L. εc εs x Ap As Zp Zs Dc Dp Ds [ ] [ ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] Shear Resistance Design value shear force L. Creep period Combination VEd,0 MEd dv [kn] [knm] [kn] due to 1 tb Storage QMax Vccd 2 te Storage QMax Vccd 3 tb Storage/Erection QMax te Storage/Erection QMax tb Utilization QMax Vccd 6 te Utilization QMax Vccd Effective cross-section L. Cross- Tens- bw d z Ac Asl σcp VRdc section zone [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] 1 P bottom P bottom P top P top P bottom P bottom Shear design ν1= L. VEd VEd,red acw cot Θ asw Note al VRd,max [kn] [kn] [cm 2 /m] [cm] [kn] Min # Min Min # Min Min Var #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck Check of crack width limit in SLS perm. crack width: wk < 0.20 mm, Frequent load combination L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup max.σs sr,max εsm-εcm wk section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [mm] [ ] [mm] 1 tb Storage P top 1.00 CS completely compressed 2 te Storage P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 3 tb Storage/Erection P top te Storage/Erection P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 5 te Utilization P top 1.00 CS completely compressed 6 te Utilization P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed Internal forces and elongation State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II

26 Seite: 26 L. hc,ef Aceff ξ1 Ap As ρp,ef ρtot k1 k2 k3 c k4 [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [%] [%] [cm] Internal forces cracking and strains (state II) State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II Minimum reinforcement for crack control: L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup σt req. As exist. As section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P top < 4.07 not req. 2 te Storage P bottom < 4.07 not req. 3 tb Storage/Erection P top <= 0 cm2 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom < 4.07 not req. 5 te Utilization P top < 4.07 not req. 6 te Utilization P bottom < 4.07 not req. Web Flange L. D x0iz Ap ξ1 k kc Act As k kc Act As [mm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] nan(ind) x0iz: tensile zone in state I due to cracking forces Ductility reinforcement in precompressed tensile zone: Stress checks SLS b fctm Zs req. As exist. As [cm 3 ] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] Concrete edge stresses in state I due to prestress, creep, shrinkage and relaxation σr Precast L. due to top bottom [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 Prestr. release anchorage csr storage csr utilisation Tab. Compr stresses of concrete MEd σc Precast L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pk Qc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P * #1 2 te Storage P tb Storage/Erection P * 4 te Storage/Erection P tb Utilization P te Utilization P #1: due to σc > 0.45* fck(t) increased ceep modulus

27 Seite: 27 Tab. Steel- and Concrete tension stress MEd σp σs σt L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pm Cc,Pk Cc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P < 0 ZII 2 te Storage P < 0 ZII 3 tb Storage/Erection P ZII 4 te Storage/Erection P ZII 5 tb Utilization P < 0 ZII 6 te Utilization P < Pk= Prestres char. value, Pm= prestress mean value, StII: State II

28 Seite: 28 Selected section x = 0.08 m from left support Internal force combinations from external loading LAc: dominant variable action (leading action) ULS-PT : permanent + transient design situation (fundam. combination) SLS-Cc : characteristic combination SLS-Fc : frequent combination SLS-Qc : quasi-permanent combination maximum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc Minimum moment : [knm] ULS-PT SLS-Cc SLS-Fc SLS-Qc Storage Storage/Erection Utilization LAc maximum shear force:[kn] ULS-PT Storage Storage/Erection -2.0 Utilization LAc 10 Effective Tendons ( prestressed formwork state for t = t0 (sto)) No. Area Distance Prestress tens.force Shorttime Layer Ap f.bottom max min max min Relaxation No. [cm 2 ] [cm] [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [N/mm 2 ] Untensioned reinforcement Layer Number Diameter Area LE [mm] [cm 2 ] [cm] Cross-section Precast : Layer of cross-section from top to bottom Nr Width Distance Remarks [cm] [cm] Web begin Web end

29 Seite: 29 Cross-section Values brutto ideal Ac zu Ic Ai zi Ii [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] [cm 2 ] [cm] [cm 4 ] Precast cross-section Internal forces from prestress (mean values, prestressed formwork state) Npm (0) Mpm (0) Creep tb te tb te period [kn] [kn] [knm] [knm] Storage Utilization ta=begin, te=end creep period Prestress steel relaxation Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,r1 Δσp,r2 No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Prestr. steel, losses due to creeping, shrinking and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσp,csr1 (0) Δσp,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Stress in rebars due to creeping,shringing and relaxation: Storage Utilization Lay. Δσs,csr1 (0) Δσs,csr2 (0) No. [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] Bending with Normal Force ULS L. Creep period Cross- Tens- z MEd MRd η section zone [cm] [knm] [knm] (>1.0) 1 tb Storage P top MEd < 0 n/a #1 2 te Storage P bottom tb Storage/Erection P top #1 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom MEd < 0 n/a 5 tb Utilization P top MEd < 0 n/a 6 te Utilization P bottom #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck

30 Seite: 30 Interim results : Ultimate elongation and internal forces L. εc εs x Ap As Zp Zs Dc Dp Ds [ ] [ ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] [kn] Shear Resistance Design value shear force L. Creep period Combination VEd,0 MEd dv due to [kn] [knm] [kn] 1 tb Storage QMax Vccd 2 te Storage QMax Vccd 3 tb Storage/Erection QMax te Storage/Erection QMax tb Utilization QMax Vccd 6 te Utilization QMax Vccd Effective cross-section L. Cross- Tens- bw d z Ac Asl σcp VRdc section zone [cm] [cm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] [kn] 1 P bottom P bottom P top P top P bottom P bottom Shear design ν1= Check VRd,s not requ.,asw und CotΘ from the last contruction phase L. VEd VEd,red acw cot Θ asw Note al VRd,max [kn] [kn] [cm 2 /m] [cm] [kn] Var # Var Min # Min Var Var #1: fck(t)= 0.33 * fck Check of crack width limit in SLS perm. crack width: wk < 0.20 mm, Frequent load combination L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup max.σs sr,max εsm-εcm wk section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [mm] [ ] [mm] 1 tb Storage P top 1.00 no cracks 2 te Storage P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 3 tb Storage/Erection P top 1.00 no cracks 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed 5 tb Utilization P top 1.00 no cracks 6 te Utilization P bottom 1.00 CS completely compressed

31 Seite: 31 Internal forces and elongation State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II L. hc,ef Aceff ξ1 Ap As ρp,ef ρtot k1 k2 k3 c k4 [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [%] [%] [cm] Internal forces cracking and strains (state II) State I State II L. Nges Mges max. σ X0I φeff εc X0II [kn] [knm] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [ ] [cm] X0I: Pressure zone height in state I X0II: Pressure zone height in state II Minimum reinforcement for crack control: L. Creep period Cross- Tens- rsup σt req. As exist. As section zone rinf [N/mm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P top < 4.07 not req. 2 te Storage P bottom < 4.07 not req. 3 tb Storage/Erection P top < 4.07 not req. 4 te Storage/Erection P bottom < 4.07 not req. 5 tb Utilization P top < 4.07 not req. 6 te Utilization P bottom < 4.07 not req. Web Flange L. D x0iz Ap ξ1 k kc Act As k kc Act As [mm] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] x0iz: tensile zone in state I due to cracking forces Ductility reinforcement in precompressed tensile zone: Stress checks SLS b fctm Zs req. As exist. As [cm 3 ] [N/mm 2 ] [cm] [cm 2 ] [cm 2 ] Concrete edge stresses in state I due to prestress, creep, shrinkage and relaxation σr Precast L. due to top bottom [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 Prestr. release anchorage csr storage csr utilisation Tab. Compr stresses of concrete MEd σc Precast L. Creep period Cross- + = Max Cc,Pk Qc,Pk section - = Min [N/mm 2 ] [N/mm 2 ] 1 tb Storage P te Storage P tb Storage/Erection P te Storage/Erection P tb Utilization P te Utilization P

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