DOI: /j.cnki.stbctb

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1 BuletinofSoiland WaterConservation Vol.35,No.3 Jun., s - - 1,2, 1, 3 1,4,, 5, 1 1, (1.,,, ;2., ;3., ;4., ;5., ) :[ ], [ ] ,, 30 [ ](1) 1980s,1990s,2000s ;2000s, 1980s 50% 23% (2)1980s 1990s 0.13,4.21;1980s 2000s 1.73,6.19 (3) , , , , , [ ]1980s,, 2000 ; ; : ; ; :A : X(2015) DOI: /j.cnki.stbctb VariationsofRainfal,RunoffandSedimentYieldin GushanchuanRiverBasinSince1980s :S157.1 LUO Ya 1,2,YANGShengtian 1,LIU Xiaoyan 3,ZHOU Xu 1,4,JINShuangyan 5,ZHANG Yichi 1,CHEN Ke 1 (1.Schoolof Geography,Beijing Normal University,State Key Laboratory of RemoteSensing Science,Beijing Key Laboratory for RemoteSensingof Environmentand DigitalCities,Beijing100875,China;2.Schoolof Geographicand EnvironmentalSciences,Guizhou Normal University,Guiyang,Guizhou550001,China; 3.Yelow River Conservancy Commision,Zhengzhou,He nan450003,china;4.schoolof Land and Resource,China West Normal University,Nanchong,Sichuan637009,China;5.Hydrology Bureau,YRCC,Zhengzhou,He nan450004,china) Abstract:[Objective]Toresearchtherainfal runof sedimentchangeinthetributaryoftheyelowriver forrevealingthecausesofyelow River swaterandsedimentvariation.[methods]basedonthedataof115 rainfaleventsduring inGushanchuanriverbasin,thetemporalvariationsofrainfal runof sedimentrelationships wasanalyzed by usingtherunofcoeficient,sedimentcoeficientand elasticity coeficient.[results](1)theshort-duration,low-intensityandlong-duration,moderate-intensityrainfal eventsweretheprimarytypesin1990sand2000scomparedto1980s,respectively.specialy,thecapacities ofrainfalproducingrunofandsedimentreducedobviouslyin2000s,therunofcoeficientandsediment coeficientin2000swereaccountingforabout50% and23% ofthatin1980s.(2)therainfal runofelas- ticitycoeficientandrainfal sedimentelasticitycoeficientwere0.13and4.21duringtheperiodfrom1980s to1990s,andwere1.73and6.19duringtheperiodfrom1980sto2000s,respectively.(3)thecorrelation betweenrunofcoeficientandtheproportionofforestandgrass,vegetationcoverage,proportionofterrace, : : : (2012BAB02B05-05); ( ); : (1979 ), ( ),, luoya2002@163.com : (1965 ), ( ),,, yangshengtian@bnu.edu.cn

2 24 35 proportionofkeydamcontrolingareawas , , , ,respectively,mean- while,thecorrelationbetweensedimentcoeficientandtheproportionofforestandgrass,vegetationcoverage,proportionofterrace,proportionofkeydamcontrolingareawas , , , ,respectively.[Conclusion]Therainfal runof sedimentrelationshiphasbeenchangedsignifi- cantlysince1980s,especialyaftertheyear2000,theinfluenceofrainfalintensityoncapacityofrainfal producingsedimentismoresensitivethanthatoncapacityofrainfalproducingrunof,andthevegetation coveragevariationisthemajorfactorwhichafectsthecapacitiesofrainfalproducingrunofandsedimentin Gushanchuanriverbasin. Keywords:rainfal-runoff-sedimentrelationships;rainfalevents;Gushanchuanriverbasin ,, : 1970s, ( [1-2] ), , ( ), 1980s,1990s 2000s 3 ( ), , , , m 3 ; , , , t [3] 1,,, , , 5.58km/km 2[16] 1263km 2 ( [4-5] ), 796 m~1402 m 410 [6-7], mm, 75% 99% ( ) [17] 90%,, 1970s : , m 3, t; , m 3, t; ,, : m 3, t;2000, 2010, m 3, 2.01 [8-11] ; 10 6 t ( ),, [12-15],, 2, ; 2.1 ( ), ( ),,,,,, 1,, (1) ; (2), :

3 3 : 1980s 25 R 5mini,j = Rx 1,x 2 x 2,x 1 5 (1) :R 5mini,j 5min ;, R x1 -x 2 (mm);x 1,, x 2 (min) 12 R i= R 5mini,j (2) j=1 :R i i (mm) (3),, (4), 2, : R ti =R t1 + ti-t1 (R tn -R t1 ) (3) t n-t 1 (h) :R ti t i (m 3 /s) (mm/h) (kg/m 3 );t 1,t n [18] ;R t1,r tn t 1,t n 2 [19] 14, 2, R , 10 R i= R 6mini,j /10 (4) 2 ( 2) j=1 :R i i (m 3 /s);, R 6mini,j i, j 6 min (m 3 /s) ( ), ( ), ( ), ( ) (1), (2) 2 27h , ( 1): :00, :00,, (mm) (mm), % : R Ci= TRi P i 100% (5) :R Ci i (%);T Ri i (mm);p i i (mm) R Ci, [20],,, (6) :

4 26 35 S Ci= sedi A P i (6) :S Ci i t/(km 2 mm) ; sed i i ( 1, / (t);a (km );, , , ( ) s s , 1980s ( ),1990s( ),2000s( ) 3 ( 1),1980s 5 22,1990s 10 54,2000s ,1990s, 2000s s , 2000s , , ( 3), 3,1980s,1990s,2000s 23,21,25h, ,1.04,1.1mm/h, 1980s 26a ( ) 3.2 -, (5),,, (

5 3 : 1980s 27 4), 1980s 4,1980s,1990s,2000s : 19.34%,18.89%, 9.24%, 1980s,1990s, 2000s b= dk /K dx/x, 1980s (%) ;X (mm/h) 50% b, ( ) (7) :b ( );K s ( ),,1980s 1990s ,1980s 2000s ,1980s, , (6),,, ( 5), s - ( ) 5 - ( 3 4), 5,1980s,1990s,2000s 78.43,54.37,18.19, 1980s,1990s,2000s s,, 1980, 1998,2010, 1980s,1990s 2000s ( 2), 2,1980s,,, 2000s,,,1990s,, 1980s 23.19% 2000s 1980s ( ) 3,,, , , [8], 4 [21], 1990s,2000s 1980s, , ,

6 28 35, 2 %, s s , 2000s : : α= : α= (1)1980s, 1980s,1990s,,, 2000s ;2000s , , ,, 1980s 50%,23% , (2) 1980s 1990s,1980s 2000s , , ( ), ( ),, 1980s 1990s 1980s 2000s,,,1980s 1990s ,1980s 2000s, , 1980s, : (3),

7 3 : 1980s 29 [ ] nentsofthehydrologicalcycleintheyelow Riverbasin [1] LiuChangming,Zheng Hongxing.Changesincompo- duringthesecondhalfofthe20thcentury[j].hydro- logicalprocesses,2004,18(2): [2] Zhang Qiang,Xu Chongyu,Yang Tao.Variabilityof waterresourceinthe Yelow Riverbasin ofpast50 years,china[j].waterresources Management,2009 (23): [7] TangY,Tang Q,TianF,etal.Responsesofnatural [17],,,. runoftorecentclimaticvariationsintheyelow River [J].,2003,14(3): basin,china[j]. Hydrology and Earth System Sci ences,2013,17(11): [18],. [M]. :,2009. [8],,,. [19],,. [J]. [J]. [3],,,. [J].,2012,34(6):1070- [J].,2012,34(2): [4]. [J]. [14],,.,1983,38(4): [J].,2013,24(5): [5],. [15],,,. [J].,1996,16(5): [6]. [16],,,. [J].,2006,21(10): ,2007(4): [9],,. [J].,2009,28(3): [10] LiuY,FuBJ,LüY H,etal.Hydrologicalresponses andsoilerosionpotentialofabandonedcroplandinthe LoessPlateau,China[J].Geomorphology,2012(138): [11] ElKateb H,ZhangHaifeng,ZhangPingchang,etal.. Soilerosionandsurfacerunofondiferentvegetation covers and slope gradients: A field experiment in SouthernShaanxiProvince,China[J].Catena,2013 (105):1-10. [12],,ZhangLu,. [J].,2007(2): [13],,, [J].,2013(7): [M]. :,2006.,2000,15(3): [20],,,. [J].,2014(2): [21] SchaakeJC.From ClimatetoFlow[M] Waggoner.P E.Climate Change and US Water Resources. New York,NY(US):Wiley-Interscience,1990:

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