A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA

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1 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 55, N o. 6 N ov., 2000 : (2000) , (, ) :, 6 87, 3 ( ), , , , - 1 : ; ; : P53416; P467 : A g, 16 19, 400 a, 20 1, ,, [1 ], 6 ( 1), 1, , 2, 1 [2 ] ,,,, a BP (1216, 14 C 1951 ) ( ), a BP (1221 ), a BP (1231 ) a BP (1271 ), [3 ], [4 ], 14 15, , 200 a,, : ; : : ( ) [ Foundation Item: N ational N atural Science Foundation of China, N o ] : (19642 ),,, E2m ail: zw q@gdsti2b21gis1sti1gd1cn

2 6 : 745 ( ) [4 ], 1455,, ,, 2 [5 ] 1385 [6 ], ( 1485 ), ( 1488 ), ( 1), , , 3 ( ), , 87 ( 1), 3 ( 1) ( ) ; ; 1 Ξ Tab11 The years and location s occurr ing disasters of snowfall, frost and freeze in the trop ical zone of Ch ina Ξ, ( ), 1986, [ 6, 8, 9 ]

3 F ig11 D ivision of the L ittle Ice A ge and som e relative events in the trop ical zone of Ch ina

4 6 : g g g, (, ) 1527 ( ) ; 1606 ( ), ; 1767 ( ) ; 1835 ( ) ( ) g, 3 a 1 ; g g 6 a 1 ; g g 8 a 10 a 1,, 30 a a ( ) 016 [1 ] , ( ), , g ; 1848, g [5 ],, 1600 [3 ] ( 25 ), km, g g km, 1, 015 ; g 3, 2, g g 16 15,,, 2 3, , 0, 5, - 1, g g 6,, 11, g g 5 7, 5 g 10, 7 g 17, 11 g, 5 g g, g , 1,,,, 1464,,, 25,,,,,,

5 ( ) 71, 017 ; 216, ( ) 478, 24, 189 [10 ] , 313, 1606, , 1864, 1823,, 1662, ( 1904, 1905, 1906 ), 17 N, 22 N ( ) 26 N ( ),, - 1, 314,,,,, (1385 ), (1837 ) 40, [6 ], 1498, 12, 18, 18,,, [6 ] [5 ], 515 a BP (1486 ), 48%,, [11 ],, 520 a BP (1481 ), 470 a BP (1531 ),, 385 a BP (1616 ), 237 a BP (1764 ),, a BP (1490 ), 150 a BP (1851 ) [3 ] 315,, ,, ; 1618, , 10, 88,, ( ) 1 3, 2 1, 1 2, 1 118, 1 115,,, [12 ] ( ), g,, g g,, 60 a ( ),

6 6 : ,, 418, 22,,,, 5,, 1681 ( ) ( ), , , [6 ],, ( 80 a) ( 170 a), g 161 a, g 62 a,,, [13 ], , 76% [14 ], ( ) , 19 g 62 a, 20, 5 ( ) 80 (10 ) (References) : [1 ] W ang Shaow u. C lim atic changes of L ittle Ice A ge in Ch ina[j ]. Q uaternary S ciences, 1988 (1): ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1998 (1): ] [2 ] Zhang D eeṙ A p relim inary inference fo r clim ate in M edievalw arm Period in Ch ina [J ]. Q uaternary S ciences, 1993 (1): ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1993 (1): ] [ 3 ] H uang Zhenguo, Zhang W eiqiang, L iu H uip ing et al. Comparison of Ho locene Environm ent Evo lution betw een Ch ina and Japan [M ]. Beijing: O cean P ress, 1999., ] ( In Ch inese) [,,. [M ]. : [ 4 ] L i P ingri, T an H uizhong, Hou D ip ing. Changes of clim ate and environm ent during the last 2, 000 years along the coastal region of South Ch ina[j ]. Q uaternary S cience, 1997 (1): [J ]., 1997 (1): ] ( In Ch inese) [,, [ 5 ] L iu Gongde. A nalysis of changes of A ugust tem tereture during the last years in Kunm ing region [A ]. In: P roceeding of the Conference of C lim atic Changes in Ch ina[c ]. Beijing: Science P ress, ( In Ch inese) [. [A ]. : [C ]. :, ] [6 ] W en H uanran. Changes of fo rest in south part of Guangdong and Guangxi and H ainan island[j ]. J ou rnal of H enan U niversity (N aṫ Sci. ), 1992, 22 (1): ] ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]. ( ), 1992, 22 (1): [ 7 ] Chen Yuqiong. Co ldgw arm change in w inter and its impact on rubber p lantation during the last 500 years in South Ch ina[j ]. T rop ical Geog rap hy, 1985, 5 (3): [J ]., 1985, 5 (3): ] ( In Ch inese) [. [8 ] L I P ingri, Zeng Zhaoxuan. Changes of clim ate and environm ent during the last 500 years in Zhujiang D elta [J ]. Q uaternary S cience, 1998 (1): ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1998 (1): ] [9 ] Chen T egu. Co ldgw arm changes in w inter during the last 500 years along the no rthern coast of the South Ch ina Sea [J ]. N anhai H aiy ang K ej i, 1984 (4): ] ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1984 (4): [10 ] W ang Shuanghuan. N atural disaster and its characters in space and tim e during the M ing D ynasty in South Ch ina[j ]. Geog rap h ical

7 R esearch, 1999, 18 (2): ] ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1999, 18 (2): 1522 [ 11 ] Zhang Yulan, W ang Kaifa, Zhang W eidong et al. T he evo lution of m angrove since the m iddle Ho locene in the no rth2east part of H ainan island[j ]. M arine S cience B u lletin, 1999, 18 (2): [J ]., 1999, 18 (2): ] ( In Ch inese) [,,. [ 12 ] W ang Zheng, Zhang P iyuan, Zhou Q ingbo. T he impacts of clim ate on the socity of Ch ina during h isto rical tim es [J ]. A cta Geog rap h ica S inica, 1996, 51 (4): , 1996, 51 (4): ] ( In Ch inese) [.,. [J ]. [13 ] Zhang X iangong, Zhang Fuguo. T he relationsh ip betw een large vo lcanic erup tions and the drynessgw etness and co ldgw arm In Ch ina [J ]. A cta M eteorolog ica S inica, 1985, 43 (2): ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1985, 43 (2): ] [14 ] H uang Zengm ing, L iang J ianyin, L iu Zhongjin. Characteristics of variation in South Ch ina clim ate fo r the past 500 years [J ]. J ou rnal of T rop icalm eteorology, 1990, 6 (4): , 1990, 6 (4): ] ( In Ch inese) [,,. [J ]. The L ittle Ice Age and Its Env ironm en tal Effects in the Trop ical Zone of Ch ina ZHAN G W ei2qiang, HUAN G Zhen2guo (Guang z hou Institu te of Geog rap hy, Guang z hou , Ch ina) Abstract: A cco rding to the h isto rical data, clim ate w as p robab les w arm du ring the M edieval Period, the Yuan D ynasty and fo rm er part of the M ing D ynasty in Ch ina s trop ical zone. Based on the h isto rical reco rds abou t co ld w in ter w ith snow fall, fro st o r freeze occu rring in the t rop ica l zone from 1245 to 1915, it ha s been found ou t tha t the L ittle Ice A ge began in 1485 and ended in T he reco rds abou t h isto rical w eather are divided in to th ree group s acco rding to the location s of co ld w in ter occu rring in the sub trop ical, no rthern trop ical and cen tral trop ical. Excep t the first w h ich is no t located at trop ical, the second and the th ird k inds are called coo l year and co ld year, respectivily. A s a resu lt, it has been found ou t that there w ere th ree co ld periods, i. e. the first (g, ), the second (g, ) and the th ird (g, ) w h ile tw o coo l periods in tercalated in the co ld ones. T he dating of the co ld periods w as later than that of no rth Ch ina. T he frequency of co ld w in ter go t h igher and h igher from period g to period g, bu t the amp litude of drop in annual m ean temperatu re w as < 016 than p resen t all of the th ree periodṡ How ever the m ax im um of low temperatu re reached resu lting in the removal of the sou th lim it of snow fall sou thw ard by 2 3 latitudes o r of drop in temperatu re. Som e na tu ra l d isa sters includ ing flood, d rough t, typ hoon and ea rthquke w ere frequen t in the L ittle Ice A ge especially the drough t disasters w h ich show s a desiccation trend of clim atic change. T he impacts of clim ate in the L ittle Ice A ge on the poo r agricu ltu ral harvest, eco logical degeneration, m igration of population, fam ine and society tu rbu lence are also discu ssed in th is papeṙ Key words: L ittle Ice A ge; T rop ical zone; Ch ina

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