2000, 23 (2) : 1822 Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University 3 (, 210095) 124 ( ), 37 93, 9, 13, 20, 82,,,, ;, 12, 35,,,, Ο ; ; ; S451 (253) Study on weed infestation in main s of Jiangsu Province Qiang Sheng, Wei Shouhui, Hu Jinliang (Dept of Agronomy, Nanjing Agric Univ, Nanjing 210095) ABSTRACT The survey results showed that 124 weed species (including varieties) belonging to 37 families and 93 genera were found in the fields in Jiangsu Province. Of them, 9 species were considered as malignant weeds, including Digitaria sanguinalis, Acalypha australis, Echinochloa crusgalli, Eclipta prostrata, Setaria viridis, Portulaca oleracea, Leptochloa chinensis and Cephalanoplos sege2 tum ; 13 species were al malignant weeds ; 20 species common weeds and the other 82 species general weeds. Digitaria sanguinalis, Acalypha australis, Echinochloa crusgalli and Eclipta prostrata were dominant weeds of the weed communities at different 2growing s in the province. One of the main factors resulting in the difference of weed occurrence was the cropping system. In the fields of rotation with rice, hydrophilous weeds such as Echinochloa crusgalli, Leptochloa chinensis and Myosolon aquaticum occurred abundant2 ly, but in dry land fields, xerophilous weeds Setaria viridis, Eleusine indica, Cephalanoplos segetum, Veronica persica, Cyperus rotundus andsonchus brachyotus were popularly found. The degree of weed infestation in fields in Jiangsu was primarily 1 or 2, while the degree of 325 was relatively fewer. There was some different weed distribution among the four 2growing s. Of the four 2growing s in Jiangsu, the weed infestation on Yanjiang was the most serious, then followed by Yanhai and Huaibei, but Lixiahe was the slightest. more serious than that of rotation with rice. Key words field ; dominancy ; weed infestation ; Jiangsu Province In overall, the weed infestation in the fields with dry2cropping system was, [1,2 ],,,, 3 (BG96514Ο3) : 1999Ο05Ο12
2 : 19 1,,,,, 1996 1997, 10 ( 10 ), 82 793, 426, 367 [3,4, 7 ], ( ), / % = ( 100) / / % = ( ) 100/ ( 5) 2 211 21111, 124 ( ), 37 93, 1 1 1 ; 5 24 34 ; 31 68 89, 25 20 11, 4512 % ;, 6, (5 ) (4 ) (4 ) 21112, 4, Digitaria sanguinalis Acalypha australis Echinochloa crusgalli Eclipta prostrata Setaria viridis Portulaca oleracea Eleusine indica Leptochloa chinensis Cephalanoplos segetum 9,,,,,,, Leptochloa panicea Myosolon aquaticum Digitaria radicosa Echinochloa crusgalli var. austro2japonensis Sonchus brachyotus Cayratia japonica Amaranthus retroflexus Amaranthus viridis Veronica persica Alternanthera philoxeroides Cyperus rotundus Euphorbia humif usa Calystegia hederacea 13,,, Cynodon dactylon Polypogon f ugax Artemisia capillaris A. argyi Ixeris denticulata Sonchus oleraceus Conyza canadensis Aster sublatus Cyperus iria Cyperus nipponicus C. diff ormis Mazus japonicus Solanum nigrum Physalis angulata Chenopodium album C. serotinum Polygonum barbatum var. gracile P. aviculare Abutilon theophrasti Metaplexis japonica 20,,,,,,, Setaria f aberii S. glauca Echinochloa colonum Alopecurus aequalis Poa annua Arthraxon lanceolatus Imperata cylindrica var. major Roegneria kamoji Eragrostis pilosa Phragmites australis Artemisia sp. A. annua A. apiacea Ixeris chinensis Conyza bonarinsis Youngia japonica L actuca f ormosana Taraxacum mongolicum Kalimeris indica Carpesium abrotanoides Xanthium sibiricum Bidens bipinnata Hemistepta
20 23 lyrata Centipeda minima Gnaphalium affine Inula japonica Cyperus michelianus C. microiria Fimbristylis dichotoma Eleocharis yokoscensis J uncellus serotinus Sirpus planiculmis Kyllinga brevif olia var. leiolepis Veronica anagallis2aquatica Lindernia procumbens Amaranthus tricolor A. spinosus Achyranthes bidentata Celosia argentea Phyllanthus ussuriensis Chenopodium glaucum S uaeda glauca Medicago hispida Trifolium pratense Vicia sativa V. angustifolia Glycine soja Sesbania cannabina Capsella bursa2pastoris Rorippa indica Brassica juncea var. gracilis Polygonum lapathif olium P. lapathif olium var. salicif olium Geranium carolinianum Erodium stephanianum Cnidium monnieri Oenanthe javanica Daucus carota Potentilla chinensis P. supina Duchesnea indica Agrimonia pilosa Perilla f rutescens Salvia plebeia Hibiscus trionum Lobelia chinensis Commelina communis Ranunculus chinensis R. japonicus Bothriospermum tenellum Galium aparine var. tenerum Corchorus acutangulus Humulus scandens Oxalis corniculata Equisetum ramosissimum Apocynum venetum Allium macrostemon Lysimachia f ortunei Ammannia bacifera Pinellia ternata Plantago asiatica L udwigia prostrata 82 212, (1) ; ; ; ; ; ;, (1),,,, [1, ], : (1), ph,,, + + +, + [1 + + + ] (2),,,,,, + + +, [1 + + + + + ] (3),,,,,, + + + + (4),,,,,,,, + + + +, +
2 : 21 + + + + 1 Table 1 The dominancy of main weeds in different 2growing s of Jiangsu Province % Weed species Yanhai Yanjiang Lixiahe Huaibei Dry land fields Cotton fields of rotation with rice Main of Jiangsu Prov. 11 Digitaria sanguinalis 33143 37150 16181 26134 22178 34102 28181 21 Acalypha australis 20176 17146 10106 10129 10107 19135 15105 31 Echinochloa crusgalli 13112 9133 14144 14174 26190 0176 12187 41 Eclipta prostrata 15188 9102 11168 11152 15161 9130 12123 51 Setaria viridis 5146 18127 0161 8139 1111 14103 8105 61 Portulaca oleracea 8137 0171 7109 10117 4122 8163 6158 71 Eleusine indica 7129 2138 1111 15152 2175 9154 6139 81 Leptochloa chinensis 5172 6167 9163 0158 12122 0121 5178 91 Cephalanoplos segetum 8134 7191 2130 1139 1135 8159 5124 101 Veronica persica 9115 4183 0103 0146 0114 7126 3196 111 Myosolon aquaticum 3102 6132 4119 0162 7173 0100 3158 121 Cyperus rotundus 1140 8132 0184 3106 1107 5125 3131 131 Sonchus brachyotus 5178 2133 0101 0100 0103 4119 2126 141 Amaranthus viridis 4126 0165 0161 2173 2170 1169 2116 151 Leptochloa panicea 0100 6187 0146 0100 0122 3115 1179 161 Echinochloa crusgalli var. austro2japonensis 0155 5105 0124 1123 0136 2190 1172 171 Amaranthus retroflexus 1138 0123 0106 4177 0135 2154 1152 181 Digitaria radicosa 0100 2185 0100 3110 0176 1191 1138 191 Euphorbia humifusa 1113 2112 1149 0156 0162 1195 1133 201 Alternanthera philoxeroides 0101 3184 0194 0100 2142 0109 1117 211 Calystegia hederacea 0186 1139 1190 0149 1110 1121 1116 221 Cayratia japonica 2108 1192 0100 0100 0113 1190 1108 231 Ixeris denticulata 2186 0163 0110 0117 0102 1190 1103 241 Cyperus iria 1176 0100 1158 0139 1122 0179 0198 251 Sonchus oleraceus 1131 2109 0130 0107 0157 1134 0198 261 Mazus japonicus 0192 1128 0181 0126 1138 0137 0184 271 Cyperus nipponicus 0106 0100 0139 2173 0182 0162 0171 281 Chenopodium album 0168 0158 0123 1142 0151 0188 0171 291 Artemisia sp. 1121 1106 0105 0133 0173 0167 0170 301 Conyza canadensis 0186 1138 0117 0102 0148 0177 0163 213,, 3, 4, 5 8150 %, 2100 %0150 % ;, 3, 4, 5, 34197 %, 20177 %3183 %, 1 89103 %, 2 64182 %, 12, 35,, (2)
22 23 2 Table 2 The weed infestation in the 2growing s of Jiangsu Province Cotton and field Number of surveyed fields Scale of damage 1 2 3 4 5 Yanhai 230 93104 73191 31130 6109 1174 Yanjiang 183 93144 72113 34197 20177 3183 Lixiahe 200 81150 44150 8150 2100 0150 Huaibei 180 87178 68133 20156 1167 0156 Cotton fields of rotation with rice Dry land fields Main of Jiangsu 3 367 86138 59140 20116 5118 1109 426 91131 69148 27123 9139 2111 793 89103 64182 23196 7144 1164,,,, ;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, ;, 99 13, 22,,,, ;,, (,,,,,,!) 1,,, 1 1, 1998, 14 (2) : 108111 2,,, 1 1, 1995, 2 : 1318 3, 1 1, 1990, 3 : 212 219 4, 1 1, 1994, 2 : 135138 ( )