Ðåñéå üìåíá Ðñüëïãïò.............................................13 Ðñüëïãïò ÅëëçíéêÞò êäïóçò.............................17 ÌÝñïò 1 ÅéóáãùãÞ óôá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá ÊåöÜëáéï 1. ÂáóéêÝò ííïéåò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí......21 1.1 Ïñéóìïß...........................................21 1.2 Ðáñáäåßãìáôá Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí..............23 1.3 ÐåñéâÜëëïí êáé Ðåñéå üìåíï..........................28 1.4 Ðáãêüóìéá Ïéêïíïìßá................................29 1.5 ØçöéáêÞ Ïéêïíïìßá..................................30 1.6 Çëåêôñïíéêü Åìðüñéï................................31 1.7 Ìç Åìðïñéêïß ÐáñÜãïíôåò............................32 1.8 Ðñïóáñìïóôéêüôçôá.................................33 1.9 Áíèñþðéíç ÄéÜóôáóç................................35 1.10 ÏñãáíùôéêÝò Ðôõ Ýò................................40 1.11 Ðåñßëçøç........................................41 1.12 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................42 ÊåöÜëáéï 2. ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí............43 2.1 ÂáóéêÝò ííïéåò....................................43 2.2 Áíáãêáéüôçôá ñþóçò Ìåèïäïëïãßáò....................47 2.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí.....48 2.4 Ðåñßëçøç.........................................52 2.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá..............................53
6 ÐñïçãìÝíá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá: Áðü ôç èåùñßá óôçí ðñüîç ÌÝñïò 2 Êýêëïò ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 3. Êýêëïò ÁíÜðôõîçò êáé ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí...........................................57 3.1 Êýêëïò ÁíÜðôõîçò êáé ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí...57 3.1.1 ÌåëÝôç óêïðéìüôçôáò............................58 3.1.2. ñåõíá óõóôçìüôùí............................59 3.1.3. ÁíÜëõóç óõóôçìüôùí...........................60 3.1.4. Ó åäéáóìüò óõóôçìüôùí.........................61 3.1.5. Õëïðïßçóç....................................62 3.1.6. Áíáèåþñçóç êáé óõíôþñçóç......................63 3.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßåò......................................64 3.3 Ôå íéêýò..........................................67 3.4 Åñãáëåßá..........................................68 3.5 ÐëåïíåêôÞìáôá.....................................69 3.6 ÌåéïíåêôÞìáôá.....................................70 3.6.1. Áðïôõ ßá óôçí éêáíïðïßçóç ôùí áíáãêþí ôçò äéïßêçóçò.................................70 3.6.2. Ôá ìïíôýëá ôùí äéáäéêáóéþí åßíáé áóôáèþ............71 3.6.3. Ó åäéáóìüò êáèïäçãïýìåíïò áðü ôéò åîüäïõò ïäçãåß óå áêáìøßá..............................72 3.6.4. ÄõóáñÝóêåéá ñçóôþí...........................72 3.6.5. ÐñïâëÞìáôá ôåêìçñßùóçò........................73 3.6.6. ëëåéøç åëýã ïõ...............................74 3.6.7. ÅëëéðÞ óõóôþìáôá..............................74 3.6.8. ÁíåêôÝëåóôåò ëåéôïõñãßåò........................74 3.6.9. Öüñôïò åñãáóßáò ãéá óõíôþñçóç...................74
Ðåñéå üìåíá 7 3.6.10. ÐñïâëÞìáôá ìå ôçí "éäáíéêþ" ðñïóýããéóç...........75 3.6.11. ìöáóç óå áðáéôçôéêýò íïïôñïðßåò...............75 3.7 ÓõìðåñÜóìáôá.......................................76 3.8 Ðåñßëçøç...........................................77 3.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................77 ÌÝñïò 3 ÂáóéêÜ ÆçôÞìáôá ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 4. ÈÝìáôá ÏñãÜíùóçò êáé Åðé åéñçìáôéêïý Ó åäéáóìïý.85 4.1 ÓõóôçìéêÞ èåùñßá...................................85 4.2 ÓôñáôçãéêÝò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí................89 4.3 ÁíáäéïñãÜíùóç Åðé åéñçìáôéêþí Äéáäéêáóéþí............104 4.4 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí.109 4.5 ÓôÜäéá ÁíÜðôõîçò..................................114 4.6 Åõåëéîßá.........................................118 4.7 Äéá åßñéóç ñãïõ..................................124 4.8 Ðåñßëçøç........................................130 4.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................131 ÊåöÜëáéï 5. ÈÝìáôá Ìïíôåëïðïßçóçò......................133 5.1 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç....................................133 5.2 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç äéáäéêáóéþí..........................134 5.3 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç äåäïìýíùí...........................137 5.4 ÁíôéêåéìåíïóôñåöÞò ìïíôåëïðïßçóç....................140 5.5 Ðåñßëçøç........................................145 5.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................146
8 ÐñïçãìÝíá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá: Áðü ôç èåùñßá óôçí ðñüîç ÊåöÜëáéï 6. ÈÝìáôá Ó åäßáóçò êáé ÁíÜðôõîçò...............147 6.1 ÐáñáäïóéáêÜ ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá................147 6.2 ÅîåëéêôéêÞ ÁíÜðôõîç................................150 6.3 ñþóç Ðñùôïôýðùí................................157 6.4 Ôá åßá ÁíÜðôõîç Åöáñìïãþí.........................167 6.4.1. ÁõîçôéêÞ áíüðôõîç............................167 6.4.2. ÅöáñìïãÞ ñïíéêþí ðáñáèýñùí..................168 6.4.3. Ç áñ Þ Pareto................................171 6.4.4. Êáíüíåò MoSCoW.............................171 6.4.5. Çìåñßäåò ãéá êïéíþ áíüðôõîç ôçò åöáñìïãþò........172 6.4.6. ñþóç ðñùôïôýðùí............................173 6.4.7. ÁíÜäï ïò êáé ðñùôïðüñïò......................173 6.4.8. Åñãáëåßá ëïãéóìéêïý...........................173 6.5 Ìç áíïëïãßá ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí.....177 6.6 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí óôï Äéáäßêôõï......181 6.7 Ðåñßëçøç........................................185 6.8 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................187 ÊåöÜëáéï 7. Ñüëïò êáé Óõììåôï Þ ôïõ Áíèñþðéíïõ ÐáñÜãïíôá..189 7.1 Åðéêïéíùíßá Áíèñþðïõ - Ìç áíþò.....................189 7.2. ÅöáñìïãÝò Ôåëéêïý ñþóôç (End User Computing - EUC)...198 7.3. ìðåéñá ÓõóôÞìáôá................................203 7.4 Äéá åßñéóç Ãíþóçò.................................211 7.4.1. Ïäçãïß êåíôñéêþò ãíþóçò.......................212 7.4.2. Ïäçãïß ôå íïëïãßáò............................212 7.4.3. Ïäçãïß âáóéóìýíïé óôçí ïñãáíùôéêþ äïìþ..........213 7.4.4. Ðñïóùðéêïß ïäçãïß............................213
Ðåñéå üìåíá 9 7.4.5. Ïäçãïß åóôéáóìýíïé óôç äéåñãáóßá................214 7.4.6. Ïéêïíïìéêïß ïäçãïß............................214 7.5 ÐñïóáñìïãÞ óôéò ÁðáéôÞóåéò ôïõ ÐåëÜôç...............216 7.6 Ðåñßëçøç........................................219 7.7 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................220 ÊåöÜëáéï 8. Ðáñïõóßáóç êáé ÅöáñìïãÞ ôïéìùí Ëýóåùí......221 8.1 ÐáêÝôá Åöáñìïãþí................................221 8.1.1. ÁíåðÜñêåéá áðáéôþóåùí.........................225 8.1.2. Áðñïóäéüñéóôá êüóôç êáé ïöýëç..................226 8.2 ÓõóôÞìáôá Ðñïãñáììáôéóìïý Åðé åéñçóéáêþí Ðüñùí......227 8.3 ñþóç Åîùôåñéêþí Ðüñùí...........................230 8.4. Ðåñßëçøç........................................237 8.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................238 ÊåöÜëáéï 9. Ëïãéóìéêü..................................239 9.1 Ôå íïëïãßá Ëïãéóìéêïý..............................239 9.2 ÁõôïìáôïðïéçìÝíá Åñãáëåßá.........................245 9.3 ÁíÜðôõîç ñþóéìùí Åñãáëåßùí.......................248 9.4 Äéá åßñéóç ÂÜóåùí ÄåäïìÝíùí........................250 9.4.1. Áýîçóç äéá ùñéóìïý äåäïìýíùí..................253 9.4.2. Áýîçóç ôçò áêåñáéüôçôáò ôùí äåäïìýíùí...........253 9.4.3. Áýîçóç ôá ýôçôáò åêôýëåóçò åöáñìïãþí...........254 9.4.4. Äéåõêüëõíóç óôçí ðñüóâáóç äåäïìýíùí áðü ôïõò ðñïãñáììáôéóôýò êáé ôïõò ñþóôåò...............254 9.4.5. Áýîçóç ôçò áíåîáñôçóßáò ôùí äåäïìýíùí..........254 9.4.6. Ìåßùóç ôçò óõíôþñçóçò ôïõ ðñïãñüììáôïò.........255 9.4.7. Ðáñï Þ ìéáò äéïéêçôéêþò Üðïøçò.................255
10 ÐñïçãìÝíá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá: Áðü ôç èåùñßá óôçí ðñüîç 9.4.8. Âåëôßùóç ôùí ðñïôýðùí........................256 9.5 Ðåñßëçøç........................................258 9.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.............................259 ÌÝñïò 4 Ôå íéêýò ÊåöÜëáéï 10. ÏëéóôéêÝò Ôå íéêýò..........................265 10.1 ÅìðëïõôéóìÝíåò Åéêüíåò............................265 10.2 Ðñïóäéïñéóìüò Âáóéêþí Óôïé åßùí....................273 10.3 ÅííïéïëïãéêÜ ÌïíôÝëá.............................281 10.4 áñôïãñüöçóç Ãíþóçò............................287 10.5 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................291 10.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................292 ÊåöÜëáéï 11. Ôå íéêýò ÄåäïìÝíùí.........................293 11.1 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç ÏíôïôÞôùí..........................293 11.2 Êáíïíéêïðïßçóç..................................312 11.3 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................329 11.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................329 ÊåöÜëáéï 12. Ôå íéêýò Äéáäéêáóéþí........................331 12.1 ÄéÜãñáììá ÑïÞò ÄåäïìÝíùí.........................331 12.1.1. Ç ñïþ äåäïìýíùí............................333 12.1.2. Ïé äéáäéêáóßåò...............................333
Ðåñéå üìåíá 11 12.1.3. Ç áðïèþêç äåäïìýíùí.........................334 12.1.4. ÐçãÞ êáé ðñïïñéóìüò (åîùôåñéêþ ïíôüôçôá)........336 12.2 ÄÝíäñá ÁðïöÜóåùí...............................343 12.3 Ðßíáêåò Áðüöáóçò................................346 12.4 ÄïìçìÝíá ÁããëéêÜ.................................349 12.5 ÄéáãñÜììáôá ÄïìÞò...............................355 12.6 ÄïìçìÝíïé Ðåñßðáôïé..............................358 12.6.1 ÁíÜãíùóç êþäéêá.............................361 12.6.2 "ÓôåãíÞ" åêôýëåóç êþäéêá.......................362 12.7 Ðßíáêåò Óõó Ýôéóçò...............................363 12.8 ÄéáãñÜììáôá Åíåñãåéþí............................365 12.9 Êýêëïò ÆùÞò ÏíôïôÞôùí............................371 12.10 Ðåñßëçøç......................................378 12.11 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá...........................380 ÊåöÜëáéï 13. Áíôéêåéìåíïóôñåöåßò Ôå íéêýò.................381 13.1 ÁíôéêåéìåíïóôñÝöåéá...............................381 13.2 UML (Unified Modeling Language)....................392 13.2.1. ÄéáãñÜììáôá êëüóåùí (Class Diagrams)...........394 13.2.2. ÄéáãñÜììáôá ðåñéðôþóåùí ñþóçò (Use case diagrams). 397 13.2.3. ÄéáãñÜììáôá áëëçëåðßäñáóçò (Interaction diagrams).398 13.2.4. ÄéáãñÜììáôá áêïëïõèßáò (Sequence diagrams).....399 13.2.5. ÄéáãñÜììáôá êáôáóôüóåùí (Statechart diagrams)....401 13.2.6. ÄéáãñÜììáôá äñáóôçñéïôþôùí (Activity diagrams)....403 13.4 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................403
12 ÐñïçãìÝíá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá: Áðü ôç èåùñßá óôçí ðñüîç 13.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................406 ÊåöÜëáéï 14. Ôå íéêýò Äéá åßñéóçò ñãùí..................407 14.1 Ôå íéêýò Åêôßìçóçò................................407 14.2 ÄéáãñÜììáôá PERT................................409 14.3 ÄéáãñÜììáôá GANTT..............................413 14.4 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................415 14.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................416 ÊåöÜëáéï 15. Ôå íéêýò ÏñãÜíùóçò........................417 15.1 Ôå íéêýò ÁíáæÞôçóçò Ëýóåùí........................417 15.2 Êñßóéìïé ÐáñÜãïíôåò Åðéôõ ßáò......................420 15.3 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò Óåíáñßùí.........................424 15.4 ÁíÜëõóç ÌÝëëïíôïò...............................426 15.5 ÁíÜëõóç ÄõíáôïôÞôùí, Áäõíáìéþí, Åõêáéñéþí êáé Áðåéëþí.428 15.6 Áéôéïëüãçóç ÂÜóåé Ðåñéðôþóåùí ñþóçò...............431 15.7 ÁíÜëõóç Ñßóêïõ..................................433 15.8 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................435 15.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................437 ÊåöÜëáéï 16. ÁíèñùðïêåíôñéêÝò Ôå íéêýò...................439 16.1 ÁíÜëõóç ñçóôþí.................................439 16.2 ÊïéíÞ ÁíÜðôõîç Åöáñìïãþí.........................444 16.3 Ðåñßëçøç.......................................448 16.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá............................449 Béâëéïãñáößá..........................................451