Supporting Information. A single probe to sense Al(III) colorimetrically and. Cd(II) by turn-on fluorescence in physiological

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1 Electronic Supplementary Material (ESI) for Dalton Transactions. This journal is The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Supporting Information A single probe to sense Al(III) colorimetrically and Cd(II) by turn-on fluorescence in physiological conditions and live cells, corroborated by X-ray crystallographic and theoretical studies Chirantan Kar a, Soham Samanta a, Sudeep Goswami b, Aiyagari Ramesh* b and Gopal Das* a a Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, , India. b Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, , India. gdas@iitg.ernet.in; aramesh@iitg.ernet.in Fax: ; Tel: S-1

2 Figure S1: 1 H NMR spectrum of L 1 in CDCl 3 solution. S-2

3 Figure S2: 13 C NMR spectrum of L 1 in CDCl 3 solution. S-3

4 Figure S3: Mass spectrum of L 1 (Mass spectrum obtained in positive mode). Figure S4: 1 H NMR spectrum of L 2 in CDCl 3 solution. S-4

5 Figure S5: 13 C NMR spectrum of L 2 in CDCl 3 solution. Figure S6: (A) Job s plot between L 1 and Cd 2+ ions. Where X host = the mole fraction of L 1 and ΔI is the change (I-I 0 ) in the intensity of the emission spectra in presence of guest. (B) Job s plot between L 1 and Al 3+ ions. Where X host = the mole fraction of L 1 and ΔA is the change (A-A 0 ) in the absorbance at 510 nm of the UV-Vis spectra in presence of guest. S-5

6 Figure S7: Mass spectrum of L 1 -Al complex. S-6

7 Figure S8: (A) Bensei-Hildebrand plot for L 1 -Cd complex obtained from the fluorescence emission (calculated at λ em ) studies. (B) Bensei-Hildebrand plot for L 1 -Al complex obtained from the UV-Vis studies (calculated at λ= 510nm) studies. S-7

8 Figure S9: (A) Intensity versus Concentration plot for measuring the detection limit (3σ/k, here σ=11.657) of Cd 2+ by L 1. (B) Intensity versus Concentration plot for measuring the detection limit (3σ/k, here σ= ) of Al 3+ by L 1. S-8

9 Figure S10: Optimized structure of L 1 at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p). Figure S11. Optimized proposed structures of L 1 -Al 3+ complex at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p) (i) coordination through pyridine-n (b) coordination through carbonyl-o. Table S1. Calculated total energies of L 1 and L 1 -Al 3+ complex at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p) Structure (ii) is more stable by 8.01 kcal/mole than the structure (i) Coordinates for optimized geometry of L 1 at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p) Center Atomic Atomic Coordinates (Angstroms) Number Number Type X Y Z S-9

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11 Rotational constants (GHZ): Coordinates for optimized geometry of L 1 -Al 3+ complex at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p), Structure i Center Atomic Atomic Coordinates (Angstroms) Number Number Type X Y Z S-11

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13 Rotational constants (GHZ): Structure ii Center Atomic Atomic Coordinates (Angstroms) Number Number Type X Y Z S-13

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15 Rotational constants (GHZ): Figure S12: Comparison of the planarity between L 1 and its Al-complex (structure i) S-15

16 Table S2. Selected orbitals and their energies for L 1 at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p). S-16

17 Table S3. Selected orbitals and their energies for L 1 -Al complex (structure ii) at B3LYP/6-31+ G(d,p). S-17

18 Figure S13: Mass spectrum of the solution containg L 1 in presence of Cd 2+ ions. Figure S14: Fluorescence spectra of L 2 and L 3 in presence of various cations. S-18

19 Figure S15: UV-Vis spectra of L 2 and L 3 in presence of Al 3+ and Cd 2+. Figure S16: Mass spectrum of the L 1 -Cd crystal S-19

20 Figure S17: 1 H NMR spectrum of the L 1 -Cd crystals in d 6 DMSO solution. References: 1. Koch, W.; Holthausen, M. C. A Chemist s Guide to Density Functional Theory. 2nd edition, Wiley- VCH, New York, 2000, Gaussian 03, Revision E.01, M. J. Frisch, G. W. Trucks, H. B. Schlegel, G. E. Scuseria, M. A. Robb, J. R. Cheeseman, J. A. Montgomery, Jr., T. Vreven, K. N. Kudin, J. C. Burant, J. M. Millam, S. S. Iyengar, J. Tomasi, V. Barone, B. Mennucci, M. Cossi, G. Scalmani, N. Rega, G. A. Petersson, H. Nakatsuji, M. Hada, M. Ehara, K. Toyota, R. Fukuda, J. Hasegawa, M. Ishida, T. Nakajima, Y. Honda, O. Kitao, H. Nakai, M. Klene, X. Li, J. E. Knox, H. P. Hratchian, J. B. Cross, V. Bakken, C. Adamo, J. Jaramillo, R. Gomperts, R. E. Stratmann, O. Yazyev, A. J. Austin, R. Cammi, C. Pomelli, J. W. Ochterski, P. Y. Ayala, K. Morokuma, G. A. Voth, P. Salvador, J. J. Dannenberg, V. G. Zakrzewski, S. Dapprich, A. D. Daniels, M. C. Strain, O. Farkas, D. K. Malick, A. D. Rabuck, K. Raghavachari, J. B. Foresman, J. V. Ortiz, Q. Cui, A. G. Baboul, S. Clifford, J. Cioslowski, B. B. Stefanov, G. Liu, A. Liashenko, P. Piskorz, I. Komaromi, R. L. Martin, D. J. Fox, T. Keith, M. A. Al- Laham, C. Y. Peng, A. Nanayakkara, M. Challacombe, P. M. W. Gill, B. Johnson, W. Chen, M. W. Wong, C. Gonzalez, and J. A. Pople, Gaussian, Inc., Wallingford CT, S-20