QoI. II QoI. QoI QoI. QoI ; 2014 a SDHI II. QoI. QoI. QoI. QoI. QoI. QoI. QoI. QoI QoI OLAYA et al., 2012 Rhizoctonia solani.

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1 QoI 469 QoI QoI QoI 1990 QoI QoI 2012 ; 2014 a SDHI II QoI QoI QoI QoI I QoI QoI QoI QoI QoI Current Status of QoI Fungicide Resistance. By Hideo ISHII QoI 2012 JA II QoI QoI 1 QoI QoI QoI OLAYA et al., 2012 Rhizoctonia solani QoI HOLLIER, 2014 R. solani laboratory/warc/2005/wenarc05-43.html GROTH and RUSH,

2 QoI Ramularia leaf spot Ascochyta blight Grey mildew Magnaporthe oryzae Rhizoctonia solani Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici Mycosphaerella graminicola Pyrenophora tritici repentis Phaeosphaeria nodorum Microdochium nivale, M. majus, Fusarium graminearum Magnaporthe oryzae Blumeria graminis f.sp. hordei Pyrenophora teres Rhynchosporium secalis Ramularia collo cygni Cercospora zeae maydis Alternaria solani, A. alternata Colletotrichum coccodes Cercospora sojina Cercospora kikuchii Rhizoctonia solani Phakopsora pachyrhizi Ascochyta rabiei Cercospora beticola Erysiphe polygoni Ramularia areola Podosphaera xanthii Pseudoperonospora cubensis Corynespora cassiicola Didymella bryoniae Mycovellosiella nattrassii Passalora fulva Corynespora cassiicola Pseudocercospora fuligena Corynespora cassiicola Botrytis squamosa Sphaerotheca aphanis var. aphanis 2

3 QoI Alternaria late blight Alternaria leaf spot brown spot black Sigatoka yellow Sigatoka Stemphylium vesicarium Venturia inaequalis Alternaria alternata apple pathotype Podosphaera leucotricha Alternaria alternata apple pathotype Venturia pirina Stemphylium vesicarium Monilinia fructicola Monilinia laxa Alternaria alternata Alternaria alternata Fusicladosporium carpophilum Botrytis cinerea Alternaria alternata tangerine pathotype Elsinoë fawcettii Plasmopara viticola Erysiphe necator Pseudocercospora vitis Mycosphaerella fijiensis Mycosphaerella musicola Pestalotiopsis longiseta Puccinia horiana Colletotrichum graminicola Pyricularia grisea Pythium aphanidermatum Colletotrichum cereale Bipolaris spicifera QoI CASTROAGUDÍN et al., 2014 reservoir 3

4 MBI R QoI KUNOVA et al., 2014 Resistance factor 2 b R. solani 2015 Magnaporthe grisea QoI b G143A AVILA ADAME, QoI 58.7 Phakopsora pach yrhizi GODOY, 2012 DMI DMI QoI QoI DMI GODOY, 2011 QoI b G143A G143 GRASSO et al., 2006 Phyllosticta citricarpa QoI STAMMLER et al., 2013 QoI 2014 QoI QoI GODOY 2014 b G143A F129L news.agropages.com/news/newsdetail htm F129L G143A QoI OLAYA et al., 2012 F129L PASCHE et al., QoI QoI 2015 SECOR et al., 2010 QoI PRICE, 2013 QoI QoI DMI QoI QoI b QoI III taiseikin.jp/ QoI MBI D QoI SDHI

5 QoI 473 QoI QoI 2014 a ; 2015 MBI D 2001 QoI QoI QoI b QoI Alternaria brown rot QoI VEGA and DEWDNEY 2014 IV QoI QoI ACT Alternaria alternata Alternaria brown rot QoI VEGA and DEWDNEY, QoI 2 1 QoI QoI 2013 QoI Frequency of phenotypes Year of sampling Phenotypes a QoI R Bos R Ani R Ben HR Dic MR Hyd R QoI R Bos R Ani R Phen MR Ben HR Dic MR Wild Type Ben HR Dic MR Hyd R QoI R Ani R Phen MR Ben HR Dic MR 1 CHATZIDIMOPOULOS et al., 2013 QoI, QoI BosAni Ben DicHyd Phen R HRMR 5

6 , CHATZIDIMOPOULOS et al., MBI D QoI : AVILA ADAME, C : Pest Manag. Sci. 70 : CASTROAGUDÍN, V. L. et al : Phytopathology 105 : CHATZIDIMOPOULOS, M. et al : Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 137 : GODOY, C. V : Abstr. Resistance 2011 : 40 Abstr : Fungicide Resistance in Crop Protection Risk and Management, CABI, Wallingford, UK, p GRASSO, V. et al : Pest Manag. Sci. 62 : GROTH, D. E. and M. C. RUSH 2006 : Phytopathology 96 6s : S43 Abstr : HOLLIER, C. A : Plant Manag. Network, APS : 66 : a : 68 : b : 40 Meiji Seika p : 189 : KUNOVA, A. et al : Plant Dis. 98 : : 80 : : 69 : : OLAYA, G. et al : Phytopathology 102 7s : S4.88 Abstr.. 20 PASCHE, J. S. et al : Plant Dis. 89 : PRICE, P. P. III 2013 : PhD thesis, Louisiana State University, LA, USA, 110pp. 22 SECOR, G. A. et al : Plant Dis. 94 : : STAMMLER, G. et al : Crop Prot. 48 : : : VEGA, B. and M. M. DEWDNEY 2014 : Plant Dis. 98 : : : 80 : /23 /syokubo/ html /14 /syokubo/ html 6

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