Evaluation of Resistance to Scab in Pear Germplasms

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1 Journal of Plant Genetic Resources / Evaluation of Resistance to Scab in Pear Germplasms DONG Xing-guangTIAN Lu-mingCAO Yu-fen Research Institute of PomologyChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences / Key Laboratory of Fruit Germplasm Resources UtilizationMinistry of AgricultureXingcheng Liaoning Abstract The to pear scab of 197 pear cultivars in national pear germplasm repository was evaluated by artificial inoculation of Venturia nashicola. The results showed that the morbidity of different pear varieties varied widely. Chinese white pear cultivars Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd. and sand pear cultivars P. pyrifolia Burm. f. Nakai were the most susceptible to scab. Ussurian cultivars P. ussuriensis Maxim. and Pyrus hybrid cultivars were the second most susceptible to scab. Xinjiang pear cultivars P. sinkiangensis Yü were resistant to scab. European pears cultivars P. communis L. were the most resistant to scab. The distribution of disease index in pear cultivars was analyzed. HuangjituiShuailiSuanli Jinxiang and a number of resistant resources were identified and the disease susceptibility results between natural occurrence and artificial inoculation were compared. Key words Pear Germplasm Scab ncytx-29-2 NB dongxingguangde@ 126. com yufencaas@ 263. com

2 SI = Σ / HR SI < R 10 SI < MR SI < S 40 SI < /ml S 16 HS 42. 5% 2 ~ 3d 45d 39. 4% S 1 HS S 1 HS % 32. 0% 17 4 S % ~ 40% % ~ 65% % 65% HS SI % 28. 2% 14 HS % 26. 2% 10% 3 11% ~ 25% % 1 Table 1 index of scab in pear cultivar accessions 1 % % % % B R S S B M S R B R S HR B HS S M B S S S B M S R B S S M B HS S R B S S R B HS S R B S S R B R S M B HR S HR

3 4 573 % % % % 3 B HS S HR B HS S S B S S S B R S S B S S HR B HS S R B R 3 S M 4 B R S R B M S HR B HS S R B S S HS B R S S 1 B R S HR B R S M B M S R B HS S S B R S M B R S HR B M S R B M S M B R S R B HS 9 S S B M S M B HR S R B R S R B S S R B M S M B M S M B M S R B S U 5 26 M B S U 3 63% S 1 B M U M B S U M B M U M B M U HR B HS U M B HS U M B S U HS B R U M B R U S B S U M B HS U S B R U R B M 2 Z S

4 % % % % B S Z HR B R Z R B S Z HS B S Z HR B S Z HR B M Z HR B M Z S B M Z M B R Z M B S Z S B M Z S B HS 2 Z HR B R Z HR B R Z R B HS Z M B HS Z R B R X M B M X HR B HS X HR B R X HR B M X M B M X HR B HR X HR S M X HR S S X HR S S X HR S HR X HR S S C M S M C R S S C R S S C 0 0 HR S R C 0 0 HR S S C M S S C 0 0 HR S R C 0 0 HR S M C 0 0 HR 1 S S C 0 0 HR S S C 0 0 HR S S C 0 0 HR S HR Cure C R S HR C 0 0 HR S HR B S U Z X C B Chinese white pear cultivars S Sand pear cultivars U Ussurian cultivars Z Pyrus hybrid cultivars X Xinjiang pear cultivars C common pear cultivars % ~ 30. 0% % 60. 0% ~ 70. 0% 0. 3% ~ 96. 8% % 70. 0% ~ %

5 % % 5. 9% 3. 2% ~ 92. 5% 0 ~ 20. 0% 0 ~ 10. 0% % 50. 0% ~ % % 30. 0% ~ 40. 0% 43. 0% 50. 0% ~ % 7. 0% 0 ~ 30. 0% 70. 6% 40. 0% ~ 70. 0% 23. 5% 70. 0% ~ 30. 0% ~ 40. 0% 81. 8% 18. 2% % 20. 0% ~ 40. 0% 35. 7% % Fig. 1 1 Frequency distribution of disease index in 6 pear species Table 2 The breeding parents of Pyrus hybrid varieties Variety Breeding parents % % % R =

6 Vf Vr Vb Vbj Vm Va Terakami 21 and fruit characters J 6 kinchaku Vnk 7 Vnk Vf 1 Gessler 22 9 Siebs E. Investigations on scab in pears J. Phytopathal I. J Park P Ishii HAdachi Y. Infection behavior of Venturia nashi- the cause of scab on Asian pears J. Phytopathol J Sugiyama T Faize Let al. Polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein PGIP from Japanese pear possible involvement in against scab J. Physiol Mol Plant Pathol Faize MFaize LKoike N. Acibenzolar-S-methyl - induced to Japanese pear scab is associated with potentiation of multiple defense responses J. Phytopathology Venturia nashicola 23 cola Faize M Venturia nashicola ~ 6 M. 16 Venturia pirina Chevalier 26 Malus floribunda Sieb J Venturia pirina Lespinasse Y. Three genes 22Gessler C. Results of plant breeding during the last decade in re-. Plant Breeding Venturia nashicola J. Theor Appl Genet Venturia pirina Cure lation to against pathogens J J 1 Tanaka SYamamoto S. Studies on pear scab II taxonomy of the causal fungus of Japanese pear scab J. Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn Ishii HYanase H. Venturia nashicolathe scab fungus of Japanese and Chinese pears a species distinct from V. pirina J. Mycol Res Adachi Y Ishii HJeki H. Ribosomal DNA ITS analysis of scab fungus of pear species J. Ann Phytopathol Soc Jpn1998. J Crane M BLewis D. Genetical studies in pears V. vegetative. Heredity J J Abe KKotobuki KSaito Tet al. Inheritance of to pear scab from European pears to Asian pears J. J Jpn Soc Hort Sci an indication of the chemical basis for to leaf scab in German.. OD AFLP J Hough I FShay J RDayton D F. Apple scab from. Proc Am Soc Hort Sci Dayton D FWilliams E B. Independent genes in Malus for to Venturia inaequalis J. Proc Am Soc Hort Sci Dayton D FWilliams E B. Additional allelic genes in Malus for scab of two reaction types J. J Am Soc Hort Sci mechanisms. present work and prospects J. IOBC-WPRS Bull Terakami SShoda MAdachi Yet al. Genetic mapping of the pear scab gene Vnk of Japanese pear cultivar Kinchaku Venturia nashicola Venturia nashicola J J Chevalier MBernard CTellier Met al. Variability in the reaction of several pear Pyrus communis cultivars to different inoculation of Venturia pirina J. Acta Hort

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