(Ch inese Journa l of Neuroana tom y)

Transcript

1 Sep (3) (Ch inese Journa l of Neuroana tom y) ( ; ; ) NAD PH 2d 17 : 1 5g6 ( ) ; 2 2g3 4 ; 2g3 4 5 ; Reid Ruthazer THE POSTNATAL D EVELOPM ENT OF NOS POSITIVE NEURONS IN V ISUAL CORTEX (AREA 17) OF THE CATS J iang B in 1 D ing J ind ong 1 Z hou Y if eng S hou T iand e (1. V ision Research L abo rato ry Schoo l of L ife Science U niversity of Science and Techno logy H efei ; 2. D epartm ent of Physio logy and B iophysics Fudan U niversity Shanghai ; 3. L abo rato ry of V isual Info rm ation P rocessing Institute of B iophysics A cadem ia Sinica Beijing ) Abstract In o rder to investigate w hether NO m ay invo lve in the p lasticity of visual co rtex o r no t the po stnatal developm ent of NO S po sitive neurons in visual co rtex (A rea 17)of cats w as studied w ith NAD PH 2diapho rase technique. T he NO S po sitive neu2 rons w ere found in layer 5g6 and subco rtical p late by the first po stnatal w eek (PNW 1) but they w ere distributed to sup ragranu2 lar layers (2g3) and granular layer excep t layer 1 by PNW 2. T he num ber of NO S po sitive neurons w ere increased in layer 2g3 and 4 during the ensuing developm enṫ T he distribution pattern of NO S po sitive neurons disp layed the sam e as that in adulthood by PNW 5 and the num ber of them in visual co rtex w as h igher in adult than in k ittens. T he tempo ral and spatial exp ression pattern of NO S activity in visual co rtex did no t co rrelate to the critical period of developm ent of visual co rtex obviously so NO could no t be essential fo r ocular dom inance p lasticity. This result p rovided mo rpho logical evidence fo r the electrophysio logical results of Reid and Ruthazeṙ (F igures 2 11 on p late 40) Key words NO S po stnatal developm ent visual co rtex cat (NO ) (CN S) (N o ) (ST Z )

2 [ 123 ] [ 15 (4 ) ] 17 Ho rsley2 (NO S) NO NO C larke P82A 2 50 Λm [ 426 ] N issl ; NAD PH 2d NAD PH 2d NO S : 0. 1 m o lgl NAD PH 2d h (37 ) : 1 mm o lgl NAD PH [ 7 NO S ] (Sigm a) 0. 5 mm o lgl (NBT ) 0. 2% T ri2 NO S ton X m o lgl (ph 7. 4) 2g3 5 NO S NO ( ) [ 8 NO ] NO S mm 2 ; ( ) 17 N issl ) T TX [ 9 ] [ 10 ] [ 11 NM DA ] Kandel [ 12 ] 17 NO S NO S NO Go lgi 5g6 ; NO 2g3 R eid [ 13 ] R u thazer [ 14 ] M izukaw a [ 16 ] CN S NO S NO T ype I NO (40 60 Λm ) 3 6 NAD PH 2d ; T ype V (20 30 Λm ) NO S NO S T ype I T ype V (F ig. 11) 0. 5 R eid 1 5g6 ; R u thazer NO S NO S 0. 5 (n= 5) 1 (n= 4) 1. 5 (n= 3) 3 (n= 4) 5 (n= 5) 8 (n= 4) 10 : (F igṡ 2 3) 3 5 2g3 NO S (F ig. 6) 5 (F igṡ 7 10) (F igṡ 4 5) 17 (n= 3) 15 (n= 3) (n= 4) (U rethane) (F ig. 4) 3 4 NO S ( ) (ph 7. 4) 4% (4 ) 2 (F igṡ 6 10) ; 5g6 NO S 4 h (4 ) 10% 20% 30% 5 5 ( 1

3 F igṡ ) 17 NO S g6 (F ig. 7) 1 17 NO S (Cellsgmm 2 x θ s) n 2g3 4 5g (0. 55) (0. 97) (0. 79) (0. 97) (0. 63) (0. 88) (1. 01) (1. 26) (0. 97) (1. 12) (2. 89) (1. 59) (1. 63) (3. 18) (2. 88) (2. 45) (3. 33) (2. 67) (2. 51) (3. 86) (3. 55) (3. 09) (5. 41) (3. 34) (4. 23) NO S (% ) F ig. 1 T he po stnatal developm ent of NO S po sitive neurons in the visual co rtex (A rea 17) of cats. [ 19 ] 8 P60 ; NAD PH Y [ 20 NO S ] NO S 2 NO S Y : 36 90% 95% Y GABA (E36) (SP) [ 17 ] : NO S E48 (E65) 17 (GAD 1 GABA ) [ 18 ] NO S [ 21 ; NO S ] NM DA R 1 17

4 NM DA R 1 2g g6 4 NM DA R [ 22 ] [ 11 ] NM DA R 1 4 NO S 2 NM DA NO R eid (1996) R u thazer (1996) NO S 17 NO S NO S NO ; NO NO [ 23 ] ( ) [ 1 ] B redt D S Snyder SH. N itric oxide a novel neuronal m essen2 geṙ N euron 1992; 8: 3 11 [ 2 ] Garthw aite J Charles SL Chess2W illiam s R. Endo thelium 2de2 rived relaxing facto r release on activation of NM DA recep to rs suggests ro le as intracellular m essenger in the brain. N ature 1998; 336: [ 3 ] Garthw aite J. Glutam ate nitric oxide and cell2cell signalling in the nervous system. T IN S 1991; 14: [ 4 ] Izum i Y C liffo rd DB Zo rum sk i CF. Inh ibition of long2term po tentiation by NM DA 2m ediated nitric oxide release. 1992; 257: Science [ 5 ] Sh ibuk i K O kada D. Endogenous nitric oxide release required fo r long2term synap tic dep ression in the cerebellum. N ature 1991; 394: [ 6 ] H aley JE W ilcox GL Chapm an PF. T he ro le of nitric oxide in h ippocampal long2term po tentiation. : N euron 1992; 8: 211 [ 7 ] Hope BT M ichael GJ Knigge KM et al. N euronal NAD PH 2 diapho rase is a nitric oxide synthase. U SA 1991; 88: P roc N atl A cad Sci [ 8 ] Cudeiro J R ivadulla C Rodrignez R et al. A pp lication of l2 A rg and L 2NO 2A rg modify cellular responses in the p rim ary visual co rtex of the caṫ Soc N euro sci A bstr 1995; 21: 1653 [ 9 ] Reiter HO W aitzm an DM Stryker M P. Co rtical activity blockade p revent ocular dom inance p lasticity in the kitten. Exp B rain Res 1986; 65: [ 10 ] H ata Y Stryker M P. Contro l of thalamoco rtical afferent rear2 rangm ent by po stsynap tic activity in develop ing visual co rtex. Science 1994; 265: [ 11 ] Bear M F Kleinschm idt A Gu Q et al. D istribution of expe2 rience2dependent synap tic modification in striate co rtex by in2 fusion of an NM DA recep to r antagonisṫ J N euro sci 1990; 10: [ 12 ] Kandel ER O D ell TJ. A re adult learning m echanism s also used fo r developm enṫ Science 1992; 258: [ 13 ] Reid SNM D aw NW Czep ita D et al. Inh ibition of nitric ox2 ide synthase does no t alter ocular dom inance sh ifts in k itten vi2 sual co rtex. J Physio l 1996; 492: [ 14 ] Rutyazer ES Gillesp ie DC D aw son TM et al. Inh ibition of nitric oxide synthase does no t p revent ocular dom inance p las2 ticity in k itten visual co rtex. J Physio l 1996; 492: [ 15 ] T usa RJ Palm er LA Ro senquist A C. M ultip le co rtical visual areas. V isual field topography in the caṫ In W oo lsey CN ed. Co rtical Senso ry O rganization V o l. 2. M ultip le V isual A reas. C lifton N ew Jersey H um ana P ress 1981: 1 31 [ 16 ] M izukaw a K V incent SR M cgeer PL et al. D istribution of reduced nico tynam ide adenine dinucleo tyde pho sphate di2 apho rase po sitive cells and fibers in the cat central nervous system. J Comp N euro l 1989; 279: [ 17 ] V incent SR Johansson O Ho β kfelt T et al. NAD PH 2di2 apho rase: A selective histochem ical m arker fo r striatal neu2 rons containing bo th som ato statin2 and avian pancreative po lypep tide (A PP ) 2like imm uno reactivities. J Comp N euro l 1983; 217: [ 18 ] Fo sse VM H eggelund P Fonnum F. Po stnatal developm ent of glutam atergic GABA ergic and cho linergic neuro trans2 m itter pheno types in the visual co rtex lateral geniculate nu2 cleus pulvinar and superio r co lliculus in cats. 1989; 9: J N euro sci [ 19 ] Hogan D Berm an N EJ. T he developm ent of neuropep tide Y imm uno reactive neurons in cat visual co rtical areas. D ev B rain Res 1992; 67: [ 20 ] Hogan D Berm an N EJ. T he developm ent of som ato statin im 2 m uno reactive neurons in cat visual co rtical areas. Res 1993; 71: D ev B rain [ 21 ]Sherm an SM Spear PD. O rganization of visual pathw ay in no r2 m al and visual dep rived cats. Physio l Rev 1982; 62: [ 22 ]Catalano SM Chang CK Shatz CJ. A ctivity2dependent regula2

5 tion of NM DA R 1 imm uno reactivity in the develop ing visual co rtex. J N euro sci 1997; 17: [ 23 ] Iadeco la C. Regulation of the cerebral m icrocirculation during neural activity: is nitric oxide the nissing like? T IN S 1993; 16: Explana tion of F igures F ig. 2 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 3 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW 1. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 4 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW arrow indicated the bo rder betw een A rea 17 and A rea 18. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 5 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 6 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW 3. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 7 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW 5. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 8 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW 8. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 9 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual co rtex (A rea 17) at PNW 10. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 10 NO S po sitive neurons and fibers in cat visual certex (A rea 17) at adulthood. Bar= 200 Λm F ig. 11 T ype I NO S po sitive neurons (arrow ) mo re p rocesses w ith rich ram ification and T ype V NO S po sitive neurons (arrow 2 heads) a clear nucleus but no p rocesses in visual co rtex (A rea 17). Bar= 50 Λm 2g3 4 5g6= L ayer 2g3 layer 4 layer 5g6 respectively WM w h ite m atter CP co rtical p late