40 4 Vol 40 No 4 2016 7 Journal of Jiangxi Normal University Natural Science Jul 2016 1000-5862 2016 04-0415-05 330022 $ 4 4'- TDPA 1 3-4- BAPB 2 PAA 4 TDPA /BAPB PI FT-IR WAXD DSC TGA PI FT-IR 4 WAXD DSC TDPA /BAPB PI T m 363 ~ 370 TGA / PI 3 DMSO NMP PAA PI 118 3 MPa 2 5 GPa 4 4'- 1 3-4- TQ 323 5 A DOI 10 16357 /j cnki issn1000-5862 2016 04 17 0 17-20 4 4'- TDPA IDPA PI PI TDPA BAPB PAA PI PI T m 363 ~ 1-3 PI 370 NMP PI 4-6 Aurum 7 1 Aurum 2002 8 Aurum 3 3' 4 4'- 1 1 BPDA 1 3-4- BAPB 395 4 4'- TDPA 180 21 1 3-4- BAPB 359 9-10 Aurum m p 115 ~ 118 C N N- DMAc 11 BAPB Py 12-16 PI NASA IDPA PI 2016-04-01 51663011 51003044 20132BAB206035 KJLD13023 KF201304 1975-
416 2016 1 2 90 24 h η inh TDPA-PAA PAA DMAc PI-4 0 5 g dl - 1 30 ± 1 1 3 3 PI 0 6 ~ 0 7 mm 1 3 1 PAA DMAc AVA-TAR370 10% PAA 5 ml KBr 80 20 h 400 ~ 4 000 cm - 1 X- 120 WAXD Bruker-XRF X- Cu Kα 24 h PI-1 PAA 40 kv /30 ma 2θ 5 ~ 90 4 ml / 2 /1 DSC TA-Q100 60 20 h 10 K min - 1 50 ~ 400 N 2 120 TGA TA-CDR-1 24 h PI-2 PAA 20 ~ 800 10 140 min - 1 CMT8102 20 h GB /T 1447 2005 120 24 h 1 3 PI PI 1 3 1 PAA N 2 PI-3 250 ml 2 192 5 g 0 007 5 mol BAPB 25 ml DMAc 2 3 258 9 g 0 007 65 mol TDPA 30 min 20 7 ~ 8 h PAA 1 3 2 PI 2 1 PAA PI TDPA 1 02 1 00 PI PAA 2 ~ 3 h 22 TDPA BAPB 1 02 90 1 00 PI PAA PAA 1 PAA 180 1 PPAs η inh 6 h 180 1 h 200 1 h Polymer code PI-1 PI-2 PI-3 PI-4 250 2 h 280 1 h 300 1 h 320 0 5 h η inh / dl g - 1 1 64 1 60 1 78 1 82 PI-4 PAA PI Scheme 1 Scheme 1 PIs
4 417 2 2 PI PI FT-IR 1 PI 1 780 cm - 1 1 720 cm - 1 C O 1 380 cm - 1 C N 715 cm - 1 C O PAA PI-1 PI-3 2 927 cm - 1 2 922 cm - 1 PI-2 PI-4 FT-IR 2 2 Characteristic absorption peak 2 PIs FT-IR 2 PIs FT-IR cm - 1 C O C N O H / N H PI-1 1 781 1 720 713 1 378 2 927 PI-2 1 782 1 720 716 1 377 - PI-3 1 780 1 720 712 1 380 2 922 PI-4 1 781 1 716 712 1 380 - PIs WAXD 2 4 PI DSC 31 DSC 3 4 PI TD- PA 134BAPB PI WAXD T m 363 4 ~ 369 5 2 DSC 4 DSC 1 PI-1 PI-2 PI-3 T g PI-4 T g 30 PI PI T-PI-4 T g 2 3 X- X- WAXD 2 PI WAXD PI X PI-1 % = 29 3% X PI-2 % = 30 2% X PI-3 % = 27 1% X PI-4 % = 25 2% / 3 PIs 1 DSC PI 5 3 PI T d PI-1 < PI-3 < PI-4 < PI-2 PAA /
418 2016 4 PIs 2 DSC 5 PIs TGA 3 PIS Polymer code T m / T g / T d / T 5 / T 10 / R w /% PI-1 367 5 224 9 501 7 515 0 570 7 42 7 PI-2 364 1 220 9 534 5 537 2 581 9 43 3 PI-3 369 5 226 1 521 7 524 4 572 1 56 4 PI-4 363 4 252 8 529 1 531 7 568 8 41 4 T d Onset temperature of degradation T 5 Temperature at 5% weight loss T 10 Temperature at 10% weight loss R W Residual weight at 800 in N 2 2 5 PI PAA PI TDPA /BAPB PAA PI 118 3 MPa 7 0% 2 5 GPa 6 2 6 PI 20 mg PI 2 ml 4 PI-1 3 4 PI-2 DMSO NMP 6 T-PI-4 4 PIs Polymer code DMSO NMP DMF DMAc THF m-cresol v Phenol v 1 2 2-tetrachloroethane = 1 1 H 2 SO 4 98% PI-1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + PI-2 + + - - - - - - + + + + PI-3 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + PI-4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + Symbols + + soluble at room temperature + soluble on heating - - insoluble 3 1 02 1 00 DMAc PAA / PAA TDPA BAPB PI T g T m T d
4 419 PI TDPA /BAPB T m 365 J 2009 28 6 997-1004 PI 11 4 4'- J PI 118 3 MPa 2015 31 12 27-31 7 0% 25 GPa T g 2528 12 Chin Ping Yang Sheng Huei Hsiao Ching Der Chen Preparation andproperties of polyamide-imides derived from 1 T d 529 1 / 3-bis 4-aminophenoxy benzene trimellitic anhydride PI and various aromatic diamines J Journal of Polymer Research 1994 1 1 43-49 PI 13 Rattaa V Ayambemb A Younga R et al Thermal stability crystallization kinetics and morphology of a new semic- PAA PI TDPA /BAPB PI rystalline polyimide based on 1 3-bis 4-aminophenoxy benzene and 3 3' 4 4'-biphenyltetracarboxylic dianhydride J Polymer 2000 41 8121-8138 FPC 14 1 3-4- J 2006 39 3 1-4 4 15 1 3-4- J 2006 39 4 1-4 1 Ghosh M K Mittal K L Polyimides fundamental and applications M New York Marcel Decker 1996 2 Ding Mengxian Polyimides chemistry relationship between structure and properties and materials M Beijing Science Press 2006 3 J Trends Polym Sci 1995 3 262-271 5 Gong Shiming Liu Ming Xia Senlin Synthesis of novel soluble polyimides containing triphenylamine groups for liquid crystal vertical alignment layers J J Polym Res 2014 21 542 6 Yu-Sheng Hsieh Chii-Rong Yang Guang-Yeu Hwang Preparation oforganic soluble polyimides and their applications in KrF E xcimer laser LIGA process J Macromol Chem Phys 2001 202 2394-2401 7 Ohta M Yoshikawa M Polyimides process for the preparation thereof and polyimide resin compositions P US 5380820 1995-01-10 8 Kuroki T Sakata Y Okumura T et al Crystallinepolyimide for melt molding with satisfactory thermal stability P US 6458912 2002-10-01 9 M 2001 10 1 3-4'- 16 Zhang Jiaoqiang Gao Hongxu Ji Tiezheng et al Synthesis and thermal behaviors of 1 3-bis 4-aminophenoxy benzene TPER and polyimide based on TPER and pyromellitic dianhydride J J Therm Anal Calorim 2013 114 441-449 / 17 TDPA J J 2015 2008 24 3 251-258 39 2 154-158 4 Huang S J Hoyt A E The synthesis of soluble polyimides 18 Progar D J Clair T L S T Pratt J R Thermoplastic adhesices based on 4 4'-isophthaloyl-diphthalic anhydride IDPA 101508 J NASA Technical Memorandum 1988 11 19 Pratt J R Blackwell D A Clair T L S T 4 4'-Isophthaloyidiphthalic anhydride polyimides J Polymer Engineering & Science 1989 128 1 63-68 20 Donald J Terry L St Clair Richard Pratt J Thermoplastic adhesives based on 4 4'-isophthaloyl diphthalic anhydride IDPA J NASA TM-101508 1988 21 4 4'- P CN 201310384452 X 2016-01-06 22 J 2015 31 12 153-158
The Review of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Pollution in Poyang Lake Water CHEN Bo 1 2 WANG Peng 1 2* ZHANG Hua 1 2 1 Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research Ministry of Education Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 China 2 College of Geography and Environment Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 330022 China Abstract The pollution status and development trend of nutrient in Poyang Lake water are reviewed The results show that the concentration of total nitrogen TN in Poyang Lake increased rapidly in 1990s while the increasing trend slowed down after the year 2000 The concentration of total phosphorus TP has no obvious trend The seasonal variations of TN and TP content follow the trend the dry season > the normal season > the wet season The pollution is relatively heavy in the eastern and southern parts of the lake and relatively light in the western and northern part River input is a major source of nitrogen and phosphorus loading to the lake the maximal percentage is Ganjiang while the Xiuhe is the minimal However it should be noted that there are some limitations in the field sampling frequency the data sharing mechanism and the migration and transformation mechanisms of nitrogen and phosphorus Key words Poyang Lake nitrogen phosphorus pollution source migration and transformation 419 The Synthesis and Characterization of Novel Thermoplastic Polyimide Based on Diketone Anhydride HU Shuncheng CHEN Zhiqiang HONG Huiming WANG Liyun SONG Caisheng SONG Cheng * College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jiangxi Normal University Nanchang Jiangxi 33002 China Abstract A novel diketone anhydride polyimide PI was synthesized from 4 4'-terephthaloyldiphthalic anhydride TDPA and 1 3-bis 4-aminophenoxy benzene BAPB by two-step polycondensation Polyamic acids PAAs of high molecular weight were obtained and PIs were synthesized from PAAs by four different imide methods The structures and physical properties of PIs were characterized by FTIR DSC TGA WAXD an universal testing machin for stress-strain behaviour Each method can make PAA transform into PI in DSC and WAXD the TDPA / BAPB PIs appeared partly crystallized and melted at 363 ~ 370 In TGA the PI by imidization from acetic anhydride and pyridine showed the best thermostability its solubility were better than other three PIs that was soluble in polar organic solvents as dimehtylsulfoxide DMSO N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone NMP m-cresol et al The PAA could be processed into good quality film the PI film possessed excellent mechanical property a high tensile strength 118 3 MPa and modulus 2 5 GPa Key words 4 4'-terephthaloyldiphthalic anhydride 1 3-bis 4-aminophenoxy benzene polyimide imidization properties