2001, 14 (5): 515 522 F orest R esearch : 100121498 (2001) 0520515208 3,,, (, 510520) : 11 26, (P < 0101);, 20% 75%, 50% 105%, 41% 245%, 100%,,,, CO 2 P isolithus C9132 M H 727 C9216, R h iz op og on 9480, T richolom a 9810,, : ; ; ; : S718181 : A (Castanop sis hy strix A 1DC1),, (Fa2 gaceae), [1 ],, 18 24 6 000 8 000 ( 10 ) 1 200 2 000 mm 100 1 900 m,, [2 4 ],,,,, [R ussu la lep id a (F r. ) F ries ],,, [5 ], 11,,,,, 1 111 : 2000205226 : (19692),,, 1 3 ;,.
516 14 11111 3 4 cm, ( 12 cm ) 11112 11, 7,, ( 1) 1 1 C9216 P isolithus tinctorius (Pers. )Cooker & Couch 2 E4100 L acca ria lacca ta (Scop. : F r)berk. et B r. 3 9606 3 T richolom a m a tsu take ( Ito ex Im ai) Sing. 4 9803 3 T uber m elanosp orum V ittad. 5 9480 3 R h iz op og on p iceus Berk. et Curṫ 6 M H 727 P isolithus tinctorius (Pers. )Cooker & Couch 7 C9215 S clerod om a cep a Persoon 8 924 3 T richolom a m a tsu take ( Ito ex Im ai) Sing. 9 9810 3 T richolom a m aststu take ( Ito ex Im ai) Sing 10 NB146 D escolea m acu la ta Bougher &M alajczuk 11 C9132 P isolithus tinctorius (Pers. )Cooker & Couch 12 CK - - - : 3 (P inaceae) ; (M yrtaceae) 11113 (121 126, 30 m in), 115 1 2, : (131895% ) N (01029 8% ) P (01014 7% ) K (11959% ) P (01708 1% ) ph (510, g = 1g215) 112 11211, 12 ( ), 15 ( ), 3, 2,, 11212,, 50 m g ml - 1 ( ) 3 d, 5 ml 113 4, 8 16 20 24 ( H 8w H 16w H 20w H 24w ), 26,, (H 26w ) (D ) (RL ) (L RN ) (LN ), (TDW ) (RDW ) ; [6 ] 114 ( 16 ), 5, C I2 301PS 1 3, 6 000 lx; T R H P n E Gs CO 2 C i E P n, CO 2 (L s) L s= [ (Ca2C i) gc i ] 100 [7 ], Ca C i CO 2
5 : 517 115 SA S (R elease6103) [8 ] D uncan 2 211 26, 11,, 48% 95%, C9215 ( ) 9803 ( ) 924 ( ) C9132 ( ) : 1 (62% ) 2 (75% ) 3 ( 66% ) 4 (90% ) 5 (48% ) 6 (79% ) 7 (95% ) 8 (87% ) 9 (52% ) 10 (65% ) 11 (85% ),, 212 21211 (H 8w H 16w H 20w H 24w ) (P < 0101) ( 2),, L S R = 0101 ( 2), 4 7916% (M H 727) 913% (9606) 7216% (C9216) 1116% (9803) 6816% (C9132) 813% (9803) 8914% (C9132) 213% (9803),, 3 M H 727 C9216 C9132, 9606 ( ) 9803 ( ), 24 (H 24w ) ( 3), 11 6 1, (P < 0101), 75%, (P < 0101), 3 ;, 9480 (R h iz op og on ) 9810 ( T richolom a ) E4100 (L acca ria) NB 146 (D escolea) 2 4 H 8w H 16w H 20w H 24w F F F F 11 225136 20149 4185 3 3 3 560178 50198 4157 3 3 3 768154 69187 4119 3 3 3 1 269160 115142 8115 3 3 3 108 456123 4122 1 205101 11116 1 782140 16166 892155 14117 119 681159 1 765179 2 550194 2 162115 : : P < 0101 ( 3 3 3 ), P < 0105 ( 3 3 ), P < 011 ( 3 ), N S ( 4 6 ) 21212 26 26, D uncan 4 5, ( ) ( ), (P < 0101) ( 4),,,, ( 5), 105% (C9132) 50% (9606), 245% (M H 727)
518 14 3 4 D uncan H 8w gcm % L S R 0101 H 16w gcm % L S R 0101 H 20w gcm % L S R 0101 H 24w gcm % L S R 0101 6 917 79163 a bcd 1 1614 72163 a bcd 11 2014 68160 a bc 11 2510 89139 a bc 5 915 75193 a bcd 11 1610 68142 a bcd 6 1918 63164 ab c 6 2413 84109 a bc 1 913 72122 a bcd 6 1516 64121 ab cd 10 1819 56120 ab c 1 2316 78179 a bc 7 912 70137 ab cd 7 1417 54174 abc d 1 1817 54155 abc 5 2117 64139 ab c 11 814 55156 abc d 5 1415 52163 abc d 5 1714 43180 abc 9 2117 64139 ab c 10 814 55156 abc d 10 1318 45126 abcd 2 1619 39167 abc 2 2114 62112 ab c 8 718 44144 abcd 2 1312 38195 abcd 9 1617 38102 abc 10 2112 60161 ab c 9 715 38189 abcd 9 1218 34174 abcd 7 1614 35154 abc 7 1919 50176 ab c 2 714 37104 abcd 8 1114 20100 abcd 8 1416 20166 a bc 3 1813 38164 abc 4 615 20137 a bcd 3 1111 16184 abcd 3 1415 19183 a bc 8 1519 20145 a bc 3 519 9126 ab cd 4 1016 11158 ab cd 4 1311 8126 ab c 4 1315 2127 ab c 12 514 0 abc d 12 915 0 abc d 12 1211 0 ab c 12 1312 0 ab c :, (L S R = 0101) ( 5 7 ) 4 26 F F F F 11 526142 47186 77192 333 11112 1101 90197 333 922123 83184 194172 333 3 375122 306184 263 333 24 14174 0161 0127 0101 10133 0143 28110 11167 35 541116 11139 932156 3 403132 F F F 11 11 035167 1 003124 88019 333 28137 2158 726154 333 6127 01570 2 177119 333 24 27133 1114 0154 0102 0188 0103 35 11 063100 28181 7115 41% ( 9606), 241% (M H 727) 11% (C9215), 290% (M H 727) 10% (C9215), ;, 21213,, (CAN CORR ) R = 01984 366, W ilk s L am bda 5, (P = 01001 3< 0105) :
5 : 519 5 26 D uncan cm mm cm L S R L S R L S R L S R L S R % L S R % L S R % 1 2810 a 411 a 2515 d 35 c 66 b 17510 2198 b 18615 0189 e 12215 2 2215 bcd 312 de 2912 c 26 e 58 d 14117 1177 e 7012 1100 d 15010 3 2718 a 316 bc 1815 g 29 d 34 g 4117 2138 d 12818 0170 f 7510 4 2114 de 316 bc 22 f 27 de 62 c 15813 1176 e 6912 1131 b 22715 5 2213 cd 3 e 3612 a 23 f 52 e 11617 1161 g 5418 0159 g 4715 6 2814 a 319 b 2615 d 44 a 83 a 24518 3155 a 24113 1156 a 29010 7 1915 e 312 de 24 e 18 g 42 f 7510 1116 i 1115 0144 i 1010 8 2410 b 314 cd 25 de 22 f 56 d 13313 1155 h 4910 0160 g 5010 9 2812 a 319 b 2615 d 44 a 81 a 23715 3150 a 23615 1152 a 28010 10 2311 bc 314 cd 19 g 33 c 35 g 4518 1167 f 6016 0149 h 2215 11 2815 a 412 a 32 b 40 b 56 d 13313 2154 c 14412 1118 c 19510 12 1612 f 2 f 2018 f 12 h 24 h 010 1104 j 0 0140 j 0 : 3,L S R = 0101, Y = 01277 8X 1-01105 8X 2-01038 8X 3+ 01409 0X 4+ 01511 8X 5-01077 9X 6 (R 2 = 01973 8) Y, X 1, X 2, X 3, X 4, X 5, X 6,,, (X 5), (X 4) (X 1), (X 3) (X 6) ; : X 1 (01866 3) X 2 (01226 7) X 3 (01831 5) X 4 (01949 7) X 5 (01879 4) X 6 (01290 8),, 11, C9215 (S clerod erm a),,, 9810 (T ri2 cholom a) C9216 (P isolithus), ( ), 213 P n E Gs CO 2 C i ( 6),,, 135183% 21102% ( 7),, C9215 ( ) P n ( 7), 9480 ( 5) 9803 ( 4) E, E4100 ( 2), 10,, C9132 9480 C9216, 100% ; M H 727 9810, Gs ( 7), 9606 NB 146 Gs, Gs C9216 924, CO 2 E gp n,
520 14 C9132,,, 9810 NB 146 9803 E4100 ( 12a) L s, E4100 9606 9803 L s, C9216 924 ( 12b) P n CO 2 C i L s, P n= 741206 9-11016C i - 01759 3L s (R 2 = 0167),,, 1 (a) (b) 6 P n E Gs CO 2 C i F F F F 11 16113 1147 2156 33 0178 0107 5163 333 7207186 655126 5104 333 151840192 13803172 2195 333 48 27151 0158 0160 0102 6 235108 129190 224806114 4683146 59 43164 1138 13442192 376647106 : : P ng(λmo l m 21 s - 1 ), E g(λmo l m - 1 s - 1 ), Gsg(Λmo l m - 1 s - 1 ), C ig(m g kg - 1 ) 7 D uncan L S R 0101 P n % E L S R 0101 % Gs L S R 0101 % CO 2 C i L S R 0101 % 7 21962 135183 a b 11 01586 140116 a bcd 1 48144 183161 a bcc 1 351124 61 11 a b 5 21700 114197 ab 5 01516 111148 ab bc 5 46122 170161 ab bc 8 335164 1140 a b 4 21662 111194 ab 7 01496 103128 abc b 11 35132 106179 abc d 12 331102 0 a b 9 21460 95186 ab 8 01390 59184 abcd 7 33116 94115 abc a 11 329168-0140 a b 10 21114 68131 ab 1 01364 49118 d bcd 4 31106 81185 abc d 6 317158-4106 a b 8 21008 59187 ab 4 01320 31115 b bcd 8 27150 61101 abc 5 308118-6190 ab 2 11880 49168 ab 10 01294 20149 bc cd 6 25154 49153 b bc 7 295102-10188 ab 1 11692 34171 ab 3 01292 19167 bc cd 9 19166 15111 bc c 4 276199-16132 ab 3 11682 33192 ab 6 01266 9102 bcd d 2 19150 14117 bc c 3 260162-21127 ab 6 11580 25180 ab 9 01250 2146 bcd d 12 17108 0 bc c 2 249196-24149 ab 11 11520 21102 ab 12 01244 0 bcd d 3 16122-5104 bc c 9 217108-34142 ab 12 11256 0 b b 2 01232-4192 bcd d 10 13198-18115 bc c 10 179132-45183 b b
5 : 521 3 (1) 11,,, 26,, (P < 0101),, (R 2 = 0129),,,,, (2), 26, (P isolithus) 3 ; M H 727 ( ) 9810 ( ) 9803 ( ) M H 727 ( ) 924 ( ) 9803 ( ) 3 9803 9810 924,, (3) CO 2,,, C9215 ( ) 9480 ( ) CO 2, [9, 10 ], [11 ],,,,, (4) ( ),, (Cory lus) (Q uercus) (Castanea) (P inus) [12, 13 ] ;, [14 ], : [ 1 ]. ( ) [M ]. :, 1985. 2221 22221 [ 2 ]. [J ]., 1991, (4) : 175 1801 [ 3 ],, 1 [J ]1, 1999, 12 (5) : 519 523. [ 4 ],,, 1 [J ]1, 1999, 15 (4) : 22 261 [ 5 ] L i H Y, Fan J Y, W ang G W, et al. T axonom y, mo rpho logy and eco logy of R ussu la lep id a in the Pubei region of Guangxi P rovince, Ch ina[ A ]. In: B rundrett M, D ell B,M alajczuk N, et al. ed. M yco rrh izas fo r P lantation Fo restry in A sia [M ]. Canberra: A C IA R, 1994. 31 331 [ 6 ],, 1 [M ]1 :, 19971108 1101 [ 7 ] Berry Dow nton. Phyto synthesis(v o l. II) [M ]. N ew Yo rk: A cadem ic P ress, 19821263 3431 [ 8 ] SA S. SA SgSTA T user s guide fo r personal computers. Release 6103[M ]. Gary, N C, U SA : SA S Institute, 19981 [ 9 ] L ing2l ee M, A shfo rd A E, Ch ilvers A G. A h istochem ical study of po lysaccharide distribution in eucalyp t m yco rrh izas
522 14 [J ]. N ew Phyto l, 1977, 78: 329 3351 [ 10 ],,, 1 [J ]1, 1998, 11 (3) : 237 2421 [ 11 ],, 1 VA [A ]1 : A C IA R [C ]1 :, 19991 [ 12 ] H all I R, B row n G T, Byars J. T he black truffle: its h isto ry, uses and cultivation[ M ]. Ch ristchurch: N ew Zealand In2 stitute fo r C rop and Food Research L im ited, 19941 [ 13 ] T rappe J M. T he o rders, fam ilies, and genera of hypogeousa scom yco tina (truffles and their relatives) [J ]. M yco taxon, 1979, 9 (1) : 297 3401 [ 14 ] W ang Y, H all I R, Evans L A. Ectom yco rrh izal fungi w ith edible fruiting bodieṡ İ T richolom a m atsu take and related fungi [J ]. Econom ic Bo tany, 1997, 51 (3) : 311 3271 Effects of Inoculation w ith 11 Ectom ycorrh izal Fungal Isolates on Growth and Photosyn thesis of Castanop sis hystrix Saplings CH EN Y ing 2long, GON G M ing 2qin, CH EN Y u, W A N G F eng 2z hen (Research Institute of T rop ical Fo restry, CA F, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, China) Abstract: A s an im po rtan t indigenou s b road2leafed tree species, Castanop sis hy strix A. DC. has been commonly adop ted fo r refo restation p rogram in southern China. M any effo rts have been tried to enhance the grow th of sap lings in nursery befo re transp lanting. M yco rrhizal techno logy could be the mo st effective w ay to m eet this requirem ent. T his paper repo rts the inoculant efficacy of 11 ec2 tom yco rrhizal fungal iso lates belonging to 7 genera ( T uber, T richolom a, R h iz op og on, L accaria, P isolithus, S clerod erm a and D escolea) on C. hy strix sap lings in a glasshouse. A ll fungal iso lates w ere capable of co lonizing roo t system s of sap lings to fo rm ectom yco rrhizal associations 26 w eeks after inoculation though the infective rates varied w ithin 48% 95%. Effects of each fungal treat2 m ent on the grow th and pho to synthesis w ere assessed 26 w eeks after inoculation. Statistic analysis revealed the great respon se of the grow th on fungal inocu lation. T here w ere sub stan tial differences on the height, basal diam eter, dry w eight and o ther grow th index of inoculated sap lings compared to tho se of un inocu lated ( P < 0101). Inocu lation also affected pho to syn thesis, tran sp iration and w ater use efficiency of sap lings. Iso lates, P isolithus C9132 M H 727 C9216, R h iz op og on 9480 and T richolom a 9810, w ere the mo st efficient co lonizers fo r the grow th imp rovem ent of C. hy stris sap lings, and the po tential fo r inoculation p rogram s. T his is the first repo rt on m yco rrhizal fo rm a2 tion of the European Perigo rd black truffle (T uber m elanosp orum V ittad. ) on Chinese native tree species th rough inocu lation techn iques. Key words: Castanop sis hy strix ; ectom yco rrh izal fungi; inocu lan t efficacy; pho to syn thesis