Gu ihaia 23 ( 5 ) : 391-398 2003 9 1, 2, 13 1 1 1,,, ( 11, 526070; 21, 528301 ) : > > >, Shannon2W iener,,, 42. 95%, 26. 24% : ; ; ; ; ; : Q 14512, 148115 : A : 100023142 (2003) 0520391208 Ξ Effects of hab ita t heterogene ity on forest comm u- n ity d iversity in D inghushan B iosphere Reserve PEN G Shan2jiang 1, 2, HU AN G Zhong2liang 13, XU Guo2liang 1, OU YAN G Xue2jun 1, ZHAN G Ch i 1 ( 11D ing hushan A rboretum, S ou th Ch ina Institu te of B otany, A cad em ia S inica, Zhaoqing 526070, China; 21F oshan Institu te of E nv ironm ental P rotection, Fo shan 510650, China ) Abstract: Based on long2tim e investigation of perm anent p lo t in D inghushan B io sphere R eserve, w e detected the effects of hab itat heterogeneity on p lan t comm un ity diversity. R esu lts indicated that diversity index show ed a great difference in different fo rest comm unities that caused by variation of habitat attributes. Com 2 m unity diversity o rder co rrelated w ith topography attributes w as: southern expo sure> no rthern expo sure, low 2 er slope > m iddle slope > upper slope. D iversity index show ed a tendency that value of diversity index de2 creased w ith increasing elevation, though linear co rrelation betw een them w as no t cleaṙ R esults of p rincipal analyses show ed that disturbance regim es and expo sure w ere the impo rtant facto rs as the first had effects on comm unity diversity, and its contribution is up to 42. 95%. T he second p rincipal (contribution is up to 26. 24% ) m ay reflect so il types and elevation gradient co rrelated w ith com 2 m un ity diversity. Key words: so il types; species diversity; D inghu shan; topography characteristics; elevation gradien t; distu r2 bance regim es (Cham bers, 1990; P ringle, 1990) : 2002208223 : 2003202220 : (39899370) ; (KZ9512B 12110) : (19782),,, 3
392 23,,, 450 600 m, 1 000. 3 m, 30 45, (Eh renfeld, 1995; N akam u ra, 1997) 4 665 M Jm 22 a 21, 1 ( ), 433 h, 20. 9, (1 ), (7 ) 12. 6 28. 1 (Sak io, 1997;,,, 2002;, 1995; Stoh lgren, 1998) 1 927 mm,, 3 8, 75%, 12 2 6% 1 115 mm, 81. 5% (, 1982), 2. 1 3 10 000 m 2, (2, 1 ), (, 1982), (Castanop sis ch inensis) ( C ryp toca ry a ch inensis ) ( Cy a thea (, 2000) p od op hy lla) ( ), (C ryp toca ry a concinna) ( ) (, 1987;,, 2000) (20 m 20 m ) 30 m 5 ( 5 ), 1,, 5,,,, 80 100 m, 1 2. 2,, 23 09 21 23 11 30 N, 112 30 39 112 33 41 E 1 155 hm 2,, 2 : (1) Sim p son : D = 1-2P 2 i ; (2) Shannon2W iener
5 : 393 : H = 22P ilnp i, P i (R hod od end ron ting huense ) (M iscan thus ( ) (, 1997) f lorid u lus) 2. 3 4,,,, Shannon2W iener, 1, D PS 3 3. 1 3. 1. 2 3. 1. 1,,,, (S y zy g ium jam bos) (C leistoca ly x,,,,, op ercu la tus), (F icus, nervosa) (Ca ry ota och land ra) ( ), 1 F ig. 1 1 Effects of topography location on species diversity in D inghushan p lant comm unities H = Shannon2W iener index; D = Simp son diversity index. 1 T able 1 Effects of expo sure on species diversity of two comm unities in D inghushan monsoon evergreen broad2leaved fo rests Expo sure South North L ayer Shannon Index Simp son Simp son Index Species T ree layer 2. 82 0. 89 42 Shrub layer 2. 6 0. 89 30 Herb and seedling layer 2. 31 0. 8 30 T ree layer 3. 01 0. 93 32 Shrub layer 2. 08 0. 77 19 Herb and seedling layer 2. 25 0. 79 24 : : 1 200 m 2 ; 120 m 2 ; 50 m 2 No te: P lo t area: T ree layer= 1 200 m 2 ; Shrub layer= 120 m 2 ; Herb and seedling layer= 50 m 2.
394 23 2,,, 5,,, 3. 3 3. 2,, 300 m, 980 m ( ), F ig. 2 2 Effects of m icro2topography on species diversity of monsoon evergreen broad2leaved fo rest F ig. 3 3 Effects of so il types on p lant comm unity diversity 3 Shannon2W iener Sim p son,, Shannon2,, W iener, 1 Shannon2W iener 3. 4, 1 3. 4. 1 3. 4. 2 4 Shannon2 W iener,
5 : 395,, 22. 7 80%, 20. 9 82%, 20. 4 87% 19. 2, -,, 81% 5. 9 4. 6 3. 6 3. 1, 5,, 4 F ig. 4 Effects of m icro2scale of elevation on species diversity in D inghushan fo rest B road2leaved m ixed fo rest; - - 1 M onsoon broad2leaved fo rest 1; 2 M onsoon broad2leaved fo rest 2. F ig. 5 5 Change of species diversity indices of comm unities along the elevation gradient 3. 5,, 3. 6, 2,,, 69. 19%, 42. 95% 6,
396 23 (Stoh ltren, 1998), 26. 24%,, 4 (R eyo lds, 1997; L i, 1995),, T itu s (1990),, 6 Johnes (1994), F ig. 6 P lant comm unity diversity indexes in different, distu rbance regim es of D inghu shan evergreen fo rests N akash izuka (1995) Characteristic facto rs 2 T able 2 R esults of p rincipal analyses The first The second The third The fourth The fifth The sixth Expo sure 0. 453 0 0. 037 5 0. 551 9 20. 205 2 0. 320 3 20. 236 1 Topographic location 20. 394 0 20. 273 18 0. 348 9 0. 485 8 0. 560 5 20. 311 8 F ine2scale elevation 20. 263 3 20. 383 66 0. 393 1 20. 697 9 20. 051 7 0. 048 6 M o isture 0. 402 9 20. 268 69 0. 415 7 0. 359 6 0. 594 3 0. 309 2 M iddle2scale elevation 0. 328 9 20. 447 99 20. 454 4 20. 244 7 0. 201 5 0. 564 6 So il types 20. 183 5 0. 648 33 0. 198 4 20. 213 5 20. 105 5 0. 648 2 D isturbance regim e 20. 555 6 20. 288 55 20. 018 1 0. 005 6 20. 418 8 0. 099 6 Characteristic values 3. 006 8 1. 836 8 1. 034 9 0. 739 1 0. 265 2 0. 116 9 Rates (% ) 42. 95 26. 24 14. 78 10. 55 3. 78 1. 68 (% ) Cum ulated contributions 42. 95 69. 19 83. 98 94. 53 98. 32 100. 00,,,, > >, (M o ral, 1978),, (
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