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7#(1 ' 1#(! ( (! 8 38" 9 :$ Keywords: Egypt/ Private Sector/ Cost Information System/ Strategic Planning Process English correction: Dr. Inas El-Ibrashy (Ain Shams University, Egypt) Meredith Bradt (The Netherlands) Cover design: Martijn Schols (IT department, Maastricht School of Management) Printed by: Datawyse b.v., Maastricht, The Netherlands ISBN-10: 90 578 55 X ISBN-13: 978 90 578 55 3 Universitaire Pers Maastricht 006 M.F. Elshahat, Enschede Citing and referencing of this material for non-commercial or actual use is encouraged, provided that the source is mentioned. Otherwise all rights reserved.

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5.3 Organizational factors. 76 5.3.1 Firm s Strategy.. 76 5.3.1.1 Expectations from literature.. 76 5.3.1. Construction for measurement.. 76 5.3.1.3 Actual research outcome and interpretations. 77 5.3.1.4 The impact of strategy on CO&ST 78 5.3. Organizational structure.... 5.3..1 Expectations from literature..... 5.3.. Construction for measurement.. 5.3..3 Actual research outcome and interpretations. 5.3..4 The impact of organizational structure on CO&ST..... 5.3.3 Organizational size 84 5.3.3.1 Expectations from literature.. 84 5.3.3. Construction for measurement. 84 5.3.3.3 Actual research outcome and interpretations 85 5.3.3.4 The impact of organizational size on CO&ST... 85 5.4 Technological factors... 86 5.4.1 Diversity and complexity.. 5.4.1.1 Expectations from literature.. 5.4.1. Construction for measurement.. 5.4.1.3 Actual research outcome and interpretations 5.4.1.4 The impact of diversity and complexity on CO&ST.. 5.4. Firm s IT... 5.4..1 Expectations from literature.. 5.4.. Construction for measurement.. 5.4..3 Actual research outcome and interpretations 5.4..4 The impact of firm s IT on CO&ST... 5.4.3 Production process... 91 5.4.3.1 Expectations from literature... 91 5.4.3. Construction for measurement... 93 5.4.3.3 Actual research outcome and interpretations.. 93 5.4.3.4 The impact of production process on CO&ST... 94 5.5 Environmental factors. 94 5.5.1 Perceived environmental uncertainty (PEU).. 5.5.1.1 Expectations from literature... 5.5.1. Construction for measurement.. 5.5.1.3 Actual research outcome and interpretations.. 5.5.1.4 The impact of PEU on CO&ST. 5.5. Competition. 97 5.5..1 Expectations from literature.. 97 5.5.. Construction for measurement... 98 5.5..3 Actual research outcome and interpretations. 98 5.5..4 The impact of competition on CO&ST.. 99 5.6 Conclusions. 101 79 79 80 80 83 86 86 87 87 89 89 89 90 90 91 94 94 95 95 97

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* 8,444/ 1,444/ * 8%+--6/!,444/8,445/1 8,444/* +--,/' ',445/ 9>3,44G/8 +--- * C >!,44G# 6,/ / A @ = / A / / / / > # &! +--,/, (/ >$,44G/(% +--, + -'- A & -'-'" & / $ / / @ @ 3 % -'-'"'"! = $, = @ +F* /C//I&/',44. (#*! / % (#*! 1 +,44G @ JK ( / %J/ / /K @ (

* @ /+--+= 1 8,444/ // / >% / > # / (& +--,/ 5. J D % % % K ( ( 8 :/+--6 -'-'"')'$! # 6 % ( $ B / B B / / / / / / ( / @ > / / / * / +--, 3.>,@.@ -'-'"'-! = / # 8 $,440 = / / / 6 C +--+@ % / / /// / # 3 / 1@ / A / A1 /,F/,0/,.

* F / @ @ * +--, @ / / (/ H * / ( / H / >>/ @ / / 3.>, @. @ * / +--, 1 6+ % $ -')*.> 0 = 1 # -'-')!,40- # 8 $,440/',444/ +--6 = /.,40- @ '/ 8 (#* >> = /#* 0/---,-- /! #* > /! @ * #*! # 8 $,440 0 @ /. & J K/ / 1 @ /# 8 $ /,440(& +--,7/

* A / A! @/ $ / % H -'-')'"! : $ % H 9,446/,44F/(& +--,# (& +--,/ % / / A #/ # / % H/9,446 % H $/ $ / 97= ( 1/ A @ $ #@> /+--+!// -'-')')$ & 5! # @ $ @ % ' +--6/&,44+' +--6 > % H = / $ H ( *"#/ /A 1 /&,44+

* > &,44+/,,G J.$#)' ( 1 1/ A @!/ / A H / @ / = / A / % ' /+--6 -'-')'- @!!> / @ / / >>/ (& /+--,= /,44F > A C ' +--6/,.0 > /J / % % ( > @ $ '/ / #@> * / +--, 1 66 $ -'-* = 1 # *!>

* -'-'- = & -'-'-'" A % % B B A % @ / % % % -'-'-'"'"!! #* (!,45G/,44F % / / % G % 8,445@ % / H / > % 7 / % / 4 (! 1 8,444 9 @>, @. @,G @ / @ H $ / @ / >,- 9 @ % 8/,445 4 1 8,444@ #* /,4G-, /+ 6 1@ /1 8,444,- M @ A @

* -'-'-'"') A $$! * % % $ ' +--6/ 9 +--, 7 %, % / % B + > / B 6,, 1 / % @ 9 +--, @ / % % # / / % / R H,+ ( % @ @ $ % $ @ / / / / 1 / % @ / / / / A/ /!/+--6,6 -'-'-'"'- AA! # % %" % $,445/ 9 +--,/ +--6/(,44, % 9 +--, @ / 7 / / @ /A /,, % % / @ '+--6/(,44,/(,44F/& '+---,+ 9 +--6 % J7 K % / / > %,6 /!/+--6

* / *A/ % 9 +--,/.- /J % % % E ;, / ( % % @ % /+--6 % #/ 1 6F @ $ -'/* -'-'-')! / > A = / / / # @ 8!/+--6 '/ < @ A / @, @/ + H 6 = & A! 7 % 7 %!!% = 1 # *!>,F! % @

* -'-'-')'" $ (! # H @ @ '/ A / A * /+--,1 # * +--0/ % / % A / % H ( @ @>, @. @ A @ / / > / /!/+--6 -'-'-')') > 1! 17H9 8 +--6/,@ % H / %% %7 A /= / 3N >,0 '/ #* 3/ = = +--, / @ +-+ /,+4 +---@ +--F/3 = @ Q,/6,0 /,.,P,44G ( / @> / @ H / / @ /,0 7 5+* >+--,/$&7 @ $ 1 *!9 E+--6

* > > = # ; %/#(!(/+--6 -'-'-')'- $! = <@ H=/! +--6 @ / #/ @ / (,44, %! / * * > * /! & /! " / ; 1 : * *A/(,44,/66- J ;F ( / A @ / / / B A / 160 $ -'0* > = & A <1H! 7 % 7 % *@=!!% = 1 # *!>,. = % / # 1 > % /(,44,/6+G>66+

* -'-'-'- & / # A A! @ ' C +--6/ & ' +---/ #+--6/1 +--6/&% &%,445#' C +--6/ (:* * @, / + -'-'-'-'"! +--F +--- H * * @ / # / &,44+,5 / @,G / ( 1* A, / / + @// / //6 # / / / / / / /@> / / / / / 1 / &,44+/,-4/,,-/,,,/,,+,G %,4GG>,444 @ % 1 > / +--6

* @N, @. @ # /+--6 -'-'-'-') $ 1B! 1 & /! @ / / 3/# / # / A / & ' +--- / H > % / / >, @ / / / + >/6 < F > / *A/,4 #!+--6/ 3 H % H @ 3, @ % /+ /6 F *A/ / = % / / H@ ( 1 3 @>, @. @ @ H /,4 =/& '+--- 1 @, 3 8 / / / + / / 6 > @ / / F!> / @ / / / 1 > / & '+---/0F>04

* / // / / '/16.@ $ -'3#* = & A <1H! 7 % 7 % *@=!!% = 1 * #!> */3 -'/$ =@ % % / # / B / / @ = / 7 % # / % / % % 7

* / % $ " @ @ @ / > # / @ %,445/9 +--,/ +--6/ (,44, *A/ @ > A ( @ /* +--, C,445 @ #* % / / / 1 / $ > *#(/ 8/ @ 1(!/ / >! @ A #+--6/& '+---/1 +--67 B / A $ # / > @

* (-# " ( = 1" =* 1 # 1) * *!> >#@ > ># /.> / @ ># /.> / >7 @> / @ $ = / @ > 7 @> / @ A = / @ A % >7 @> / @ $/ /+--6 1 8/,444 * /+--, * /+--, & /+--+ & ' /+--6 & * +--,

* - A! 7 % 7 % % ># / @> / @ :-+& :"!&# / @> / % :$+G # / @> / > % @ @ 1 8/,444!/+--6 /+--6

* / @ 1H= >#./ @> / / / / A ># / @> / @ H > # @ @ @!/+--6 ; %/+--6 /+--6 0 3 1 * > > > @1> ># / @> / @ /+--6!/+--6

* 13 9#77!=3 $ $#! /'" $ # @ / / 3/ # / % 3 $ 3 % A A / @ / > / / $ = / @ " @ / / A / L( =/ 3 > @ / / #

* 13 9#77!=3 /')#! /')'"+ $ 3 # > # *= 0--- / 3 @ 3 J K H % 3 A,4++ = && == # ',45, C : 3# # / : @ 3 F, 3

* 13 9#77!=3 /')') &$1& )88- &/'"= 3 ( ># # 9 3,/--,/F0-A +FE' /! B../---+ C$& & 5F5+--6 $ 5F A /,,6++ * $ 38/,--, U-,6 / +--6B,US 3850-! 1 $ 8 U-+0BU-,- 8(V+B ' *$ # 4GP 3 >#! # = # 3 # /"> (!4FP/**.P!8 3/ 3 /')'-%$& # 3/ 40P H,4 / 3 % / 3 @ > %,46-,4.-/ = +- / H / 63 8 #* /+--6!#=H, 3/ +--+ > / 3 3 % /!#= N > #!#=H / $ < /!#=/ 3+--+,!#=S! # =

* 13 9#77!=3 /')'/ A % 3,44-3,+0 =9/(3 /+--+ + +0- % 3 $$B @ / / # / 873 % A,44,A 3 C +-63C C,04 3C ( 3 %,4, < %,44+ 6-/ +--+ %3H /,445,44. = ( 1 =(1 F+ %,44+6-/+--+ &/') %,44+6-/+--+ : % A # 7, ( $ FG + # +4 6 3! '# 3!# 6F F 0-P. 0! 66. 1 +, 5 C +- # "7"!( 3/37 / % / / % / '/ % B 6,F 3@ % ; <: * @B#! & B3 3>* B#@ *B' *B# *B#># B 3H B( : ' 3 *= & ;7 C 9 / 3 # */# * C 9 * = #@ I * =/ ( * =/ : * = 1 / = > 9 /( 3 / +--+

* 13 9#77!=3 % ( 3/ +--6 ( 1 @ = @ 50P = $ 3! = */ +--+ 1/ % 3/ / # / 3 > % /'-+ $ /'-'" ' ',445/*% $,44.!/ # @ *A/! +---& A# +--+/ =*!/ 3/ 6-/ F-/ F0 6- /'-')A<$ = /,--A,-- / (9A,-- / B / / B AB A # # +--+/ 7 / F- / A < # / 3'/ A # */ / 3(/ % 3 /

* 13 9#77!=3 /'/. /@ % A/ / L( = /'/'"<$<$ 1( $ #! < 9 E +--6B 7HC >; 1 +--+B( +--6B 8! +--6 # / < % = / @ < < < A 1+$ $# &/'- A 1 P : G +-P # +- 0-P ",+ 6-P /8 "88'88D 1(# # F6/ 6+ G-P A / ( = 3 (= = * =*H " * > A/ / / = / = *9*9*H = (% H 3 # / A A 6 = (% / F6-3/ +0-3 3!( =(, 3 / + / 6 / F ( 1 = 3

* 13 9#77!=3 3/ / / 7 J K * * 3 $ 3 # $3# F 3# $$ 8 3 1 /& & 3 = 3=,4453# 60(Q &/ +-P %,0 (U 3= $.+)#))(' 3@ & W 9 #@!* #!** F+(Q W @ @ @ $ 7! * 7!*7 -+(Q W! % % $ # +6F(Q W! $ 93:*7#@ -F5 (Q /'/')6! 1( $ C +--+ / % / @ */ A / / % / / > @ A = FF = F 9 C$ J* 3K

* 13 9#77!=3 1+$ $# &/'/#= = / = 1 P O M 65 4+0P : 6 50P /8 "88D 1(# # FF/4+0P % > / @ = *A/ (= I = =:6/+--6 $ 1* 3 1 /1*$ 8!(3H @ % % ( 1 =/+--6= / *! * #/ +--+/ ( * I = (*= 7,444 3H / % % > >> / N =+---/ 3 = Q56-/,5,P,444 66P,44G= @ QGF4 +--,= +--,/ = 0.0 /,F,P 6.6+---=+--, / +-+ / / +--F/3 = @ Q,6,0*! * /'/'-.! $&$ 1( $ # & > / / / @ %! @ / +--F/(%,4G6 @ F0

* 13 9#77!=3 1+$ $# &/'0# 1 P O M 6, 550P : 0,+0P &,,-P /8 "88D 1( # / /6, / # 3 3@ # 33# 0 / 3 / 3 '/ @ A,444 @ A,44G QG0.F QF.33#/+--,33# 3@!#/& 3 ;/ 8 /' D/ 3 3 9 / 9 D/ #! # / ; / 8 *D/#! /( / D # @ I / %< I // / / / / ////I/ I $I = /* =* 3 A / A H & +4> FF = / / +4/. 33# % 3 @,445 3 @ 33#H 3 > @ 3 @H /.!/3:! / #/ 0G---/..G/ /@/ /%.-P / / C3+60/F04/+0

* 13 9#77!=3 /'/'/ 1( $ 1 L (& +--,/9 (+---/,44G % % @ *> / = / L( % = 3 / C +-6,44, % 6,F @ =/ / 3 / $$3H %/3 @ F. 1+$ $# &/'3# ; E 1 1 = "8 (=9 )7 I(=9 * 0 ;(=9 " (=9 & ) =69 3 ;=669 # )- =I=9 / ;6669 1(; # /+6 050P A L( A / A / / / /!/ A J%J + OK / L( 3 A @% / = * #* 3 L( /// D $ L(/L( / A / / A

* 13 9#77!=3 # / 3 % $ L( 5 %,0 = * = #*=#*+--- G % */1!/#! /* / 3! L( / > #/ L( / / / // / / / / '/ $ A % A / A =!74--- =!7,F--- 1%& )88/ 7! 3! 3! 3 3 7 %! % L * 37!/ = 7 %! % =!7!% 3,4053 & 7 % &7 /4-P %/ =!74--- 3B 3 @ % =,44F4 =!7 4---=,440/65/,44./,+- +-- =!74---3! 3 =!74--,/ A A % A =!7/ +--- 1/ 5 L( +/ G * 3 = /",/:,/,,>,F/#6,/+--- :3!*7 % / # 8 #8/ #! 9 * #!9 4 ' /+--F/J! 3K/= ( ==(=9,0<4<+--F

* 13 9#77!=3 =!7,F--,/ % # / '#**,- / % (E # / = % H > > > / / / / @(& /+--,'/ 3 / / 3 =: 3 / / / / @ (/ = A > > > A #* / /3 = @ /'0 / % 1 / % # (C +--+/8 +--6( +0 / ;(8 3/ / A 3 / @, /+ /6 F,- '#**S' % # * *,404* H :#!# 1 / ( / 1! / " =!

* 13 9#77!=3 /'0'" 1 @ H,F H / H @/ @ = F5 60P,.P / 8 :/ +--6/ F, / > #:7"# +,G &/'57 # ( ( @ 6G5,0 5-1 +G4,G F, * 60G,4 0F 6.F +- 0+ 60-,0 5- & % % & FG @# % / >! % / &/'9 %! 6GF N-G+ 1 N0+4 N000W * F04 F,4,0- +-, 66+WW,-5 WW 0P/W,-P $ 6 F- : $/,- 7, 0 / 6+G! A' /,6 #* 37 / # A

* 13 9#77!=3 #*/ A #*,+ A 0P #* / A A 7 A /@ 6F! #*/A # A / 1 / 6, /'0') $ /'7 "" 7 7,= += 6( F 0 @/ / /. 7 E E E E E E #!,+ 39IL!!* E 9>,L +9I 6! FDDDD7 E! 1 *# S @ * S @! *# @ V @ @ *$. 'S > @ @ &,44F 3,+ $@ = 3 @/ +-

* 13 9#77!=3 1 @ / / / / / / / H / A/ / @ A/ C / +--+3 # F4/ / @,44,/&,44F/1 +--+/ C '+--6/ / > % @ = /,6 / 1@ " % /$ # / > # / @ /'0'-B F,-3,P > &@ FFG/ F+6 / / F,6 > &@,P @ / < B / >> /,-P :,6 ( $ / 1#!!3*/ @!,44,/FF0

* 13 9#77!=3 / A &/'"8 $ ( ( ( 3 1 F++ F,6 66- +46 +6G 0 F 6 6 + $ ( ( FF5 0 * F+- 0 F,6 F 650 F ( 66-6 @ +46 6 # +6G + # # / / 3 B / 3 '/ / H > / # / A#* /+--0 /'0'/ 1!>3 3 8 /! # =!#=/ 8 3873/ 3H> /!>3 *A/ @ / > F,,

* 13 9#77!=3 &/'"" O M8 ::,GF0P,F60P650P0,+0P/81"88D = / 3 / 6+ /G-P / # / ( +->+0/ +---/ 3!#=!= = (* ( H = = 3/ 3 #! (,G 3 / 3 = / /,F /'3$ = / 3 3 # > # * = / %,44-3,+0 +0-$ # / / / @ A A/ > / L( =(/ / ( * = (*= 7,444 7 / 3 / 3 = 3 3@# 33#/3@!#/&3/3 3/# /# # #/@ 1 B! 3 3/( <3 #/ 3! =! # * *3

* 13 9#77!=3 / 3 L( = L( % / / 3 = 1 @ / 3 3 B $/ % / @#* 3 #* 37 /+ A #*

* 13 9# *" $# & 0'" $ = % / A % @ @ % / % / % %/ @/ H =/ / $ A /> %$/, /+ % /6 F % # %/ B A / 3 / / / @ 0') / 0, $ 0'"* 14 = & 1" A )! 7 % 7 % <1H!!%*@= *=! 4 3 /* 1-!

* 13 9# *" 10, / # / 1"#3@ 1)#* 1-## 1/# *7I! 0'- A 0'-'" > 0'-'"'"( $ # +--F/ H / / / % $,4G-, / * A / / / / 1 / # /(!,45G/,44F + % / / % / > % # % '/ * ( +--,/ 3 3H # / 3$ / *A/@ 3 0'-'"') $ $ 9 A @>, @.@ /@ $ A H ( 6 & A @> /, #1 8,444 + #8,445 &H( / H

* 13 9# *" 1@ A:,X- @@,V. @ +V5 @ 6V. @ FV,F @ 0V5 @@.Y F- SF+6 0'-'"'-$ $ ' &0')C! : * (, 7 $ F+6,- & ++-,+ & F,G,5 = / 65- :. ( F & +6G 0 & @ F,6. & FFG 5 650 G & F60 4 ( F+G,, & 6-0,6 ( FG6,F ( F6G,0 = / 6,-,. = / >,4G,G ( : $ FFG ( + & % +46 6 & % 66- # 0+/,/,+ F+6/F,G/ 1 / * (+--,/ @ / @ @ 3 66P 1 3 # / 3 A / / $

* 13 9# *"./G/,6/,F/,G ( FFG/ F60/ FG6/ F6G/ FFG'/ 3H,44- @ 1 / /3==*7 F * J## K / A L(! A / A A # '/ / A> @ 15/,0/,,/F/,. ( 650/6,-/6-0/+6G/,4G& / '/ 3 @ & 3 / 1 @ / 0'-'"'/ 4 # 8 $,440 / (/ 06 $ 0'- *7I! > *=! # 06/ @ 3 $ '/ F 3==*7 3B@ # * # / # 3 3 * = / % GP @ +-P 3H @

* 13 9# *" / R > (/ / / A / H A= / A 3 # / # 8 $,44FB' 9+--,/ H $ / / / / B H $ $ 0'-') A $$ 0'-')'"( $! % % H & (+--F/ +--F +--F#' C +--6/ / (:* ( * % ( / * >* / ( % / CI1/ >'; / @ %! % / / '/ H ' 9+--, % / % & @ 3 *37 % / H $ 7 / 3 7 %! % 37!/ +--, $ 3 % / / / & @ % 3 A A

* 13 9# *" # / / &/ H / '/ % A % A3( %/ +--+& @ 3 > 0'-')') $ $ 7 % $, / @ *37 *37 B / /@ + 1 % % / @ $ % 9 A @> @ $ 6 * % % / 0'-')'-$ $ 1= &0'/' ' 1 P 1,4 F50P 1,+ 6---P!@.,0--P! 6 50P /8 "88'88D # 0F/6, 550P ++0P @/ *+--F/3 @ % & 6, / % / = / > > 7 / / / /

* 13 9# *" / ++0P / / % / > 1+ A A &0'01 % %,&$@ 7 M : +0,0 66 5 66 5 6. F C! +&@/ $ 6 @ F @$ ( 65G 600 F-6 # 00/ $ $ H #37! 0 / % 3 9 3 % % (/ 37!/ / / % / A / / / / A / $ / / *A/ % @ $ #1 H,445> 3 @ > 3 / @ /H / > / @ > % 37!3 7 %! % L * ( = / 37! =!7(,405/ 37!

* 13 9# *" / @ 1 A A &0'3 H.,! -,G 66 '9 - *37,G +!, 1 F +3 -,,4 + +6 - - +4 6! - F 4-5 6G - - F - -,+ + G - 65 G 0 +, -. 6. G - - -.* + 5 +0 6 6+ - - - 5 A G ++ - + -,,,+ 6. - 5,5 - - - + - 66 4,.,. 66,F - -.,-! A - ++,F -,- +- - +,,* -,.,F - +0 -,+ 0,+# - +5 +F,,F - - -,6! A - G,G - +, 6F - + > F; ;6F (6H ;;H (6, >, =( B> # 0./@3 > % C / $> / # * * 3 +--,/ # 3 / ( (! = * / 7,. +--, > / / J K A 3J3

* 13 9# *" > / >/ / % K / %. > 3H % > & 3 % > > 3 / % # 5 /37! $ B % / A / / A / / / 37!/ % B +- / B / % '/ / 0'-')'/ A $$ 4 $ 0'5 % *7I! A $$ *=! 7 % *37& (/ > @ $ # / > % 3 H %,+. $> >,44+> +--,/ 0F ( / 0,,$ C3.00,0+ C3,G,/F+ C3,G,/,,FC3,64/.-C3F+ /.,C366/FF C36,/ C3,5/,+ C3,F/C3,6,- C3 -F!#* /J ( 3& /&/ 'K/3/+--, 5 8 G,

* 13 9# *" % H H 1/& (+--F A % / / / G # 0'-'- AA 0'-'-'"( $ 7 % / / H 7H9 8 +--6 % %> > J K # 8 $,440 @ % = % / % H $ > $ # /' C +--6 (:*/ * # #>#%% +--+/ 3H / 8 46P B & @ / @ / 0'-'-') $ $ # / / / 8 / % / A % # @ % > @ $ G 1 % /& (+--F/,.5

* 13 9# *" 1/ H!/ /3 / #/ % 0'-'-'-$ $ &0'9! % W *,--,-->,0-7,0- # ( ( @ 1 * F 5 F 5 F 6 0, + -, +,F0 GF,+-,-. 50 0. 0F 00 FF-,+- 6-0 +,- ++,6 0,,F 0F FF- W: 3 # /,3 @ U-,FQ-,. 0G % # / 3 = / 3 ( 3 :# (3:# 46P / @+--6<+--F Q+-4.GP # =!*/+--0/3#(3:# 3H @/3 3 3==*7 4 G0P / / / ( * /8% /! / /#C>( #@ 3==*7/+--0 0'-'-'/ AA4 $ 0'7 % %*7I! AA *=! 4 3==*73 = =*

* 13 9# *" H % = 9I/ / / / / C / +--+/ A 1 / 9I $ / (/ # 8 $,440/ % % % H $ = / / H 0'/ 0'/'". ( 0'/'"'"( $ * @ @ $ * / +--, /@ $!,44G/8% 3,44.,- # # 8 $,440/! @ / @ (/ % % % H #= (% * =(*/ 3 +--6/ 3 (3:#/3 # 3 /> A @ = 8 +--6/ 3H (3 A#!&7,- #* +--,

* 13 9# *" +--,# * *3#* = H (3:#/ # # / 9I/ A # / $ F>.P 9I,, '/ /,0P '/@ @3 A 9I 0'/'"') $ $ @ / @>,@.@ @ $ / / % A / = / * +--, > / * A 0'/'"'-$ $ &0'"8#C! (, $ F,- +* 6+G 6 64- F & / A / 660 0 650.M F.6 # 0,-/ @ @,(F,- +(6+G 6 (64- F(660/ @ /,, #3 * =**31=*/@9I P # 30,,44-/F5,440 0,,444=!#0+/0F.G

* 13 9# *" @ @. ( F.6 /3 H# 3#,+,450/ $ H/% / # 3 = /3# 3 # / C */ > / / / /! / /@. ( F.6,, @./0 /+ /6 /, & / =**#9:3+--+/ B / / / / / @ / %/ / / / /,6 @ % & /! # /* /#*/ +--+/ = / / '/ 1 @ / > / > % > '/& 3 9I @ A / 3#,450,454 6+<,4.F3# > /> > % 3 3,6 =**#= * * # 9:3: 3 / +--+/ J =**# *! 9 :3K/

* 13 9# *" 0'/'"'/F (G4 $ 0'"" J @K*7I!. ( *=! = % / H @ (/ A @ @/ / / *A/ @ > # 8 $ /,440! / A A @ > 0'/') > 0'/')'"( $!,4G-/ 3 $ 3H > / =!*=!*,4G0 @ >; /,445 = / 9 +--6 @ / / / / / A (/' 9 +--, % / 3 > ##* +--+/+--,/ = 0.0 /,F,P 6.6+---= +--, / +-+,+4 +--- (/;,445/ 3 $ /

* 13 9# *" / % / /% #/@ 3 = / = / / / 0'/')') $ $! / @> / @ % H @ % / / @/ @ > > > = / / % % 0'/')'-$ $ &0'")C! (,M 66- +A @ 6,0 6! 650 F > > > 0= / = = 650 F00 # = $ 3 / > 0(F00 + ( 6,0 @ # / ;,445 3/ =!*=!*,4G0 / >= ( ' / =!* ' : @ /

* 13 9# *" 3 ' : > 3 / / A / = / 3 ( = 1 +--F = * =* > =* / A / > 0'/')'/ >4 $ 0'"- H=*7I! > *=!! / = @ / B # / = A #*/ #(/ #/ / ; % /! 7 / / @ / % # / = ' :3 / A /3 ; /,445 0'/'- $ 0'/'-'"( $ # '/ @ 8 : +--6/ "

* 13 9# *" +---,F :/ A & *9,440 3H # & H ( 3 = / 3 0,F,<,<+---,<,<+--F &0'"/3 3.C'$,0,<,<+---,<,<+--+,<,<+--6,<,<+--F (,F5--,0F,+,0G,G,.,.. 1 64,5 F+0F F60G F065 "9'3"5 "7'333 )8'"53 )8'58-3 ##* +--F/ A / JK! 3 /A / /! @ = / A / I/ / > 3@ 8#8 # 9=! >9 = 9 #* 3/+--F & / = / A / / # / A @ / @ / @@/ / @ 8 8 : # /@ 3 > >,F / @ = / 1 / " /+---!*#(#!J* # (%! K/3/+--F

* 13 9# *" $ H 0'/'-') $ $ @ 9 >,H/+ /6/F @ 0 @# JH K J K/ 6/F 0 0'/'-'-$ $ &0'"03 1 P ( 0,+0P 8 @,5 F+0P @,G F0--P F-,----P 0,0 60 G50P @ J @K/ @ # /( = 3 =(% A A 3( %/ +--+ 3 / # /= * * =3H +5P / 0--/--- > # 3 /# * *3#* /+--F '/ $ A A (/ $A / 3 H A %@ / 3

* 13 9# *" '/'-'/ $ 4 $ 0'"3 *7I! $ *=!+--6 = / % / % # / / A/ 8 /+--6(/!+--6 / A 0'0 0'0'" B 1B 0'0'"'"( $ #9 3 K! /= 7 A / / #># / +--0,. 3 % H 1 +--6 %/ % A/ $ / 9 +--6 B / / / / / / < 8 3 $!*!+--0 1@ /A A/ ( /+--0!

* 13 9# *" / 3 7 %! % 37! /,0P 3 '/ @ $ / = / ' 9 +--, % H, % /+ @ / 6 / @ 0'0'"') $ $ 3 @ > 3 H$9 @>,@.@ @ & A $ % / # /!+--6/ H / / // / / 0'0'"'-$ $ &0'"5C 3 ( (,!H 6.G 08 F,G +* F66.3 640 6= F0-5= 64G F< 646 G= F4- & / 3/ G/(F4-/ #1#

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* 13 9# *" " & @ & <*@ 1H= 3 * & @ @ 3 A 9I = 3/ @ 3 = / = /! 3 / @ 3 $ 8 3 $! @ $ / & @ = / & @ / & = $ 3 3 > 1@ / =!*/=* ' : & G50P 3 = (% A A & H / / '/ 3 $ & +4 5+0P @ +, / G " / @

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*!@*7I!#=9 #* / @ A #* + ( 65G= ' +--6/ % > > '/ > A / $ #* # / 3 @ #* = / @ @# * #* 3 A / *A/ #* 3 / #* #* @ 3 = / @ A #*( #* / / H (/ @ 1@ /# * / 3/! # H '/ $#*/ $ @ ;(8 3 3')') 1 $ &3'-C! : $ ( 6 M F,6. M F+-,- M 60-3!#=/

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#@C#+--F/L 4 M: >>>>>>>>>>>>>,- / @ @ @1@ >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>,, # & * L ( L( ==,+1, + 6 F 0., > ( * + * ( @ # * 3 > > =

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