2010 5 SHUILI XUEBAO 41 5 0559-9350 2010 05-0560-07 400041 Vsual Modflow 600mg / L 16. 9m 8. 3m 4 9 9 4 8. 5% 1 ~ 2 P641. 2 A 1 32 330km Honolulu 1 20 60 1974 Meyer 2 1979 Weatcart 3 1981 Contractor 4 1993 Gggs 5 1999 F. Ghassem SALFLOW Home 6 2002 J. M. U. Jucson 2008-09-25 40576050 1940 - E-mal zh4012@ 163. com 560
- 7 2004 G. C. Hockng 8 2005 Thomas Graf 9 Thomas Graf 2006 X. Mao PHWAT 10 X. Mao 2004 Ghyben - Herzbeg 11 1-2 Ghyben-Herzberg 3 4 2 2km 1. 4km 2km 2 20 90 20 m 800 m 1. 5 ~ 5. 0 m 1. 0 ~ 2. 0 m 12 0 ~ 22m 22 ~ 460m 22m 250 ~ 300m 1250m 0. 3 ~ 2. 9m 2007 13 K 70m / d μ 0. 14 n = 0. 53 n e = 0. 45 14-15 5m 0. 0. 005m 1505mm 3 561
3. 1 Darcy 16 ( ) K 2 H + 2 H + 2 H + Kη c x 2 y 2 2 z z c t ( ) + u c x ( ) = c D x x = S s H t + + nη c t - ρ ρ 0 q s ( c * - c) n = 1 2 3 x 1 x 2 x 3 x y z z = 0 z x y 1 K m / d H H = Z + P / γ m P Pa γ γ = ρg N / m 3 η η = ε / c s m 3 / kg ε ε = ρ s - ρ 0 / ρ 0 ρ 0 kg / m 3 ρ s kg / m 3 c s ρ s kg / m 3 S s t d n c kg / m 3 ρ kg / m 3 q s d - 1 u m / d D m 2 / d c * kg / m 3 q s 1 2 1 1 10 20m 25m 1 1 Vsual Modflow 17-18 2 19 3 22m 10 m 2 1 0mg / L 20 2 0mg / L 19 000mg / L 3 562
19 000mg / L 3 25m 19 000mg / L 3. 2 Vsual Modflow 1 25 25 51 25m 50 31 875 8 568 2 3307 j k Δx j Δy Δz k Δx j Δy Δz k x y z 1 2 Δt 0. 001d 2 10d 1d 2 8d 36 500d 3 1 025kg / m 3 1 000kg / m 3 35g / L c 0 0. 0g / L 3. 3 ρ s 1 2 ρ 0 c s 2 16 2 3 4 5 3 3 0. 01 ~ 0. 25m 4 5 25. 25m 563
3 Cl - 1 Cl - 1 6 18 Cl - 1 600mg / L 16. 9m 4 8. 3m 22 5 18 6 18 Cl - 1 mg / L 4 9 3 19972006 2 10mm 8 235mm 1 1 19972006 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 / mm 18. 4 10. 4 31. 4 60. 6 110. 5 75. 1 202. 8 235. 1 216. 6 201. 9 114. 8 121. 9 7 18 4 15. 7m 9 16. 8m V = μ j Sh f j V μ S h fj 8 4 4 9 9 4 2 4 8 9 1 ~ 2 1 2 3 4 564 5
4 9 4 8. 5% 7 18 8 5 8 2 5% 2 h / m h / m / % h / m h / m / % 1 # 25. 072 26. 078-3. 86 5 # 25. 250 26. 171-3. 52 2 # 25. 175 25. 321-0. 58 6 # 25. 250 25. 848-2. 31 3 # 25. 224 26. 102-3. 36 7 # 25. 214 26. 165-3. 63 4 # 25. 250 26. 131-3. 37 8 # 25. 230 26. 017-3. 02 4 1 2 600mg / L 16. 9m 8. 3m 3 4 9 9 4 4 9 9 4 8. 5% 1 ~ 2 1 Clark C K Lu L. Lau Stephen Mnk John F. Numercal smulaton of a thck freshwater lens Pearl Harbor groundwater model R. Techncal Report No. 139 Water Research Center Unversty of Hawa Honolulu Hawa. December. 1981. 2 Meyer C K Kleneck D C. Mathematcal modelng of fresh water aqufers havng a salt water bottom R. Tech. Rep. GE74 TEMPO43 Center of Advance Studes TEMPO General Electrc Co. 1974. 3 Weatcart S W. Numercal modelng of lqud waste njecton nto a two-phase flud system R. Tech. Rep. No. 125 Water Research Center Unversty of Hawa. Ix + 103P 1979. 4 Contractor D N. A one-dmensonal fnte element salt water ntruson model R. Tech. Rep. 20 water Resources Research Center Unversty of Guam 1981. 5 Gggs J E Peterson F L. Ground Water Flow dynamcs and development strateges at the atoll scale J. Ground Water 1993 31 2 209-220. 565
6 Ghassem F Molson J W Fakland A. Three-dmensonal smulaton of the Home Island freshwater lens prelmnary results J. Envronmental Modelng and Software 1999 14 181-190. 7 Jucson J M U. Recharge and aqufer response Northern guam lens aqufer guam marana slands J. Journal of Hydrology 2002 260 1-4 231-254. 8 Hockng G C. The lens of freshwater n a tropcal sland-2d wthdrawal J. Computers and Fluds 2004 33 1 19-30. 9 Thomas Graf Rene Therren. Varable-densty groundwater flow and solute transport n porous meda contanng no unform dscrete fractures J. Advances n Water Resources 2005 28 1351-1367. 10 Mao X Prommer H Barry D A et al. Three-dmensonal model for mult-component reactve transport wth varable densty groundwater flow J. Envronmental Modelng & Software 2006 21 5 615 628. 11. J. 2004 28 11 77-80. 12. J. 1987 6 3 10-17. 13. D. 2008 5. 14. M. 1996 23 130. 15 Ghassem F Molson J W Falkland A. Three-dmensonal smulaton of the Home Island freshwater lens prelmnary results J. Envronmental Modelng & Software 1999 14 181 190. 16. M. 1991 43 47. 17 Jocson M U Jenson J W Contractor D N et al. Recharge and aqufer response Northern Guam Lens Aqufer Guam Marana Islands J. Journal of Hydrology 2002 260 231-254. 18 Fslkland A. Hydrology and water resources of small slands a practcal gude M. UNESCO Imprmere de Manutenton Mayenne France 1991 64. 19. M. 1987 10 221. 20. J. 1989 47 3 381-384. Three-dmensonal numercal smulaton of freshwater len n coral slands ZHOU Cong-zh HE L YANG Qn FANG Zhen-dong Logstc Engneerng Unversty Chongqng 400041 Chna Abstract Freshwater lens s the precous freshwater resources n coral slands. A three-dmensonal freshwater lens model was developed to smulate the dynamc characterstcs and effects of ranfall on the freshwater lens n the Yongxng Island. Wth fnte dfference method and the Vsual Modflow package the model was solved numercally based on the hydrogeologcal parameters obtaned from experment and n-stu survey. The water flow drecton water head dstrbuton transton area thckness and the freshwater storage n the lens at dfferent tme were obtaned. Takng the soconcentraton surface of Cl - 1 wth 600mg / L as the nterface of the lens the maxmum thckness of the lens n the sland s 16. 9m wth the transton area thckness of about 8. 3m. The lens reaches ts mnmum storage n Aprl and maxmum n September and the storage n September more than that n Aprl. Comparng wth the change of ranfall n a year the change of freshwater storage s lagged 1 to 2 months. By means of the proposed methods the explotaton strategy of safely and sustanably developng the freshwater lens can be worked out. Key words coral sland freshwater lens mathematc model 566