1998, 18 (1): 17 A cta T heriolog ica S inica Ξ (,, 210097), 3,, 3 C (O dum, 1983), 0 2, 24 11 3 R 0 Κ1, rm 0,, ; ; ; ;, (Sh i2 rak ihara, 1993; Gao, 1993)Gao (1993) 3 56,, (, 1995),, 3,, 1974 229, 86, 98, 45 (Grow th layer group s, GL Gs) 168, 42, 81, 45 (1992) ( ), Gao (1993), 107122 45,, Ξ, 1996 10 25, 1997 10 16 1
, 1. 2, 3 (1, 2, 3),, (1 - A, B, C) 1 T able 1L ife table of finless po rpo ise population of the Yangtze R iver x nx dx lx qx ex 02 33 308 1000 01308 311 24 11 103 692 01149 313 46 17 159 589 01238 218 68 9 84 430 01196 216 810 14 131 346 01378 212 1012 10 94 215 01435 212 1214 4 37 121 01385 214 1416 4 37 84 01444 111 > 16 5 47 47 11000 015 x: ( : ) A ge class (unit: year) ; nx: N um ber of specim en at age class x; dx: N um ber of individuals dying during the interval age class x to x + 1; lx: x F raction surviving at age class x; qx: x x+ 1 age2specific death rate; ex: x m ean expectation of life at age class x 2 T able 2L ife table of finless po rpo ise population of the Yellow Sea x nx dx lx qx ex 02 45 369 1000 01369 213 24 30 246 631 01389 213 46 16 131 385 01340 214 68 9 74 254 01290 214 810 5 41 180 01227 211 1012 6 49 139 01353 116 1214 6 49 90 01545 112 1416 2 16 41 01400 111 > 16 3 25 25 11000 015 x, nx, dx, lx, qx, ex 1 See table 1 fo r the exp lanation of x, nx, dx, lx, qx, ex 3 L,, O dum (1983) C, 810 (dx), 02, 24 46 1214,, 10,, 68, 810, 11002 812, 2 3
3 T able 3L ife table of finless po rpo ise population of the South Ch ina Sea x nx dx lx qx ex 02 13 289 1000 01289 212 24 14 311 711 01438 119 46 7 156 400 01389 119 68 6 133 244 01545 119 810 1 22 111 01200 215 1012 1 22 89 01250 210 1214 1 22 67 01333 115 1416 1 22 44 01500 110 > 16 1 22 22 11000 015 x, nx, dx, lx, qx, ex 1See table 1 fo r the exp lanation of x, nx, dx, lx, qx, ex,, 04 3 4 T able 4T he intrinsic rate of the Yangtze R iver population x lx m x lxm x xlxm x 02 11000 0 0 0 24 01692 0 0 0 46 01589 0 0 0 68 01430 0170 013010 211070 810 01346 0170 012422 211798 1012 01215 0170 011505 116555 1214 01121 0170 010847 111011 1416 01084 0170 010588 018220 > 16 01047 0135 010165 012797 R 0= lxm x= 018537; T = xlxm xgro= 811451g018537= 9154; rm = lnr 0gT = ln018537g9154= - 0101658; Κ= e rm = e - 0101658 = 019835 5 T able 5T he intrinsic rate of increase of the Yellow Sea population x lx m x lxm x xlxm x 02 11000 0 0 0 24 01631 0 0 0 46 01385 0135 011348 016738 68 01254 0170 011778 112446 810 01180 0170 011260 111340 1012 01139 0170 010973 110703 1214 01090 0170 010630 018190 1416 01041 0170 010287 014305 > 16 01025 0135 010088 011400 R 0= lxm x= 016364; T = xlxm xgr 0= 515122g016364= 8166; rm = lnr 0gT = ln016364g8166= - 010522; Κ= e rm = e - 010522 = 019491 2. (1) 11151 (4640) 11167 (1827) X 2, X 2 014 118, X 2 1, 0105= 3184, 11 3
(95% ) 11511 (5939), X 2 = 4, X 2 1, 0105= 3184,, 11 13 (A )(B) (C) F ig. 1T he survivo rsh ip curve (A ), death curve (B), and death rate curve (C) of th ree finless po rpo ise populations 0170 (2) 2 (, 1992; Gask in, 1984; Kasuy, 1979), (m x) 015, (Sh irak ihara, 1993), m x 0150 Sh irak ihara (1993) 2, 10 6, 1, m x 017 (1992) 1, 7, 5, m x 017,, m x 4 (Gao, 1993), 04 m x 06 (Gao, 1993), 4 6 m x 05 (Gao, 1993), 4 6 m x 0135 Sh irak ihara (1993) 21 23, 23,, 4
> 16,, > 16 m x 0135 (3), 3, (R 0) (rm ) (Κ) (4, 5, 6) R 0< 1, Κ< 1, rm < 0, 3,,, 6 T able 6T he intrinsic rate of increase of the South Ch ina Sea population x lx m x lxm x xlxm x 02 11000 0 0 0 24 01711 0 0 0 46 01400 0135 011400 017000 68 01244 0170 011708 111956 810 01111 0170 010777 016933 101201 01089 0170 010630 016930 1214 01067 0170 010489 016099 1416 01044 0170 010308 014602 > 16 01022 0135 010077 011232 R 0= lxm x= 015389; T = xlxm xgr 0= 414752g015389= 813043; rm = lnr 0gT = ln015389g8130= - 0106493; Κ= e rm = 019371 1. 3, R 0 Κ 1, rm 0,,,, (T ), (Kasuya, 1979),,, 3,,, rm < 0 (),, 2. (, 1992; Chang, 1995; Gao, 1993; Gask in, 1984; Sh irak ihara, 1993),, (, 1992; Sh irak ihara, 1993) 0170,, 16, 615% ( ), 313% ( ) 212% ( ), 16 Ε 16 5
,, (0135),,, 3. 1974,,,, 45, 3,, ( ),,, (nx),,,. 1995.., 15 (2) : 8192.. 1992.., 16 (4) : 289297. Chang Q, Zhou K. 1995. The grow th and rep roduction of finless po rpo ise N eop hocaena p hocaenoides, in the Yangtze R iver and Yellow gbohai Sea. J ou rna l of N anj ing N orm a l U niversity (N atural Science), V o l 18 (Supp lim ent) : 114124. Gao A L, Zhou K Y. A qua tic M amm a ls, 19 (1) : 312. 1993. T he grow th and rep roduction of th ree finless po rpo ise populations in the Ch inese w aters. Gaskin D E, Sm ith G J D, W atson A P, Yasui W Y, Yurick D B. 1984. Rep roduction in the po rpo ise (Phocoenidae) : Imp lication fo r m anagem enṫ R ep in t w ha l comm n, (Special Issue 6) : 135148. Kasuya T, Kureha K. 1979. T he population of finless po rpo ise in Inland sea of Japan. S ci R ep W hales R es Inst, Tokyo, 31: 144. O dum E P. 1983. Basic Eco logy. Saunders Co llege Publishing, Philadelphia, U SA. Shirakihara M, Takem ura A, Shirakihara K. 1993. A ge, grow th, and ep roduction of the finless po rpo ise, N eop ho2 caena p hocaenoid es, in the coastal w aters of w estern Kyushu, Japan. M arinem amm al S cience, 9 (4) : 392406. A STUDY ON THE L IFE TABL E AND DY NAM ICS OF THREE F INL ESS PORPO ISE POPULAT IONS IN THE CH INESE W ATERS YAN G GuangZHOU KaiyaGAO A n lichan G Q ing (D ep a rtm en t of B iology, N anj ing N orm a l U niversity, N anj ing, 210097) Abstract A study w as conducted on the static life tab le, rep roduction, and population dy2 nam ics of fin less po rpo ise (N eop hocaena p hocaenoid es) from the Yangtze R iver popula2 tion, Yellow Sea population, and Sou th Ch ina Sea population. Static life tab les of th ree population s w ere con structed, w h ich gave rise tol 2shape su rvivo rsh ip cu rves. D eath 6
cu rve and death rate cu rve, show ing som e fluctuation s, w ere differen t among popula2 tion ṡ T he sex ratio s of all th ree population s w ere no t differen t w ith 1g 1 sign ifican tly. T he R 0 and Κof all th ree population s w ere less than 1, w hereas the rm of them w ere less than 0, indicating that the population num bers of th ree population s w ill decrease in the fu tu re. It is necessary to enhance the con servation of fin less po rpo ise population s. Key wordsf in less po rpo ise; Population; Static life tab le; In trin sic rate of in2 crease; Population dynam ics (73) 6 (% ) T able 6Effects of different energy density and p ro tein level of concentrated feed on digestibility of dietary CF GE (M Jgkg) 1F irst stage 2Second stage CP (% ) GE CP (% ) GE 28 31 X ϖ E 28 31 X ϖ E 17199 651874155 a 711623173 bb 681754199 A 841051189 a 861903157 a 851463113 A 17115 681965148 ab 641422169 a 661694178 A 841972187 a 801322103 b 821653140 B CP X ϖ 671425113 A 681024186 A 841512140 A 831614140 A P 5 N o te w as sam e as table 5 3. (1), (2) (3) (4) (5) ; ; Key wordsyoung sika deer; Energy density; P ro tein level (,, 132109) () WAN G FengJ IN ShundanGAO X iuhuayan G Fuhe (Insititu te of w ild E conom ic A nim als and P lants, CA A S, J ilin C ity, 132109) WAN G P inghao Fuchang (S huang Y ang stud F arm of J ilin P rov ince) 7