Ðåñéå üìåíá. Ðñüëïãïò ÅëëçíéêÞò êäïóçò...23

Ðåñéå üìåíá Ðñüëïãïò ÅëëçíéêÞò êäïóçò..................................23 ÌÝñïò 1 ÅéóáãùãÞ óôá ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá ÊåöÜëáéï 1. ÂáóéêÝò ííïéåò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 1.1 Ïñéóìïß................................................31 1.2 Ðáñáäåßãìáôá Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí.................33 1.3 ÐåñéâÜëëïí êáé Ðåñéå üìåíï...............................38 1.4 Ðáãêüóìéá Ïéêïíïìßá....................................39 1.5 ØçöéáêÞ Ïéêïíïìßá......................................40 1.6 Çëåêôñïíéêü Åìðüñéï.....................................41 1.7 Ìç Åìðïñéêïß ÐáñÜãïíôåò................................42 1.8 Ðñïóáñìïóôéêüôçôá.....................................43 1.9 Áíèñþðéíç ÄéÜóôáóç....................................45 1.10 ÏñãáíùôéêÝò Ðôõ Ýò....................................50 1.11 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................51 1.12 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................52 ÊåöÜëáéï 2. ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 2.1 ÂáóéêÝò ííïéåò.........................................53 2.2 Áíáãêáéüôçôá ñþóçò Ìåèïäïëïãßáò........................57 2.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí........58 2.4 Ðåñßëçøç..............................................62 2.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá..................................64

6 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÌÝñïò 2 Êýêëïò ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 3. Êýêëïò ÁíÜðôõîçò êáé ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 3.1 Êýêëïò ÁíÜðôõîçò êáé ÆùÞò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí......67 3.1.1 ÌåëÝôç óêïðéìüôçôáò...............................68 3.1.2. ñåõíá óõóôçìüôùí................................69 3.1.3. ÁíÜëõóç óõóôçìüôùí...............................70 3.1.4. Ó åäéáóìüò óõóôçìüôùí.............................71 3.1.5. Õëïðïßçóç........................................72 3.1.6. Áíáèåþñçóç êáé óõíôþñçóç..........................73 3.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßåò...........................................74 3.3 Ôå íéêýò...............................................77 3.4 Åñãáëåßá...............................................78 3.5 ÐëåïíåêôÞìáôá.........................................79 3.6 ÌåéïíåêôÞìáôá.........................................80 3.6.1. Áðïôõ ßá óôçí éêáíïðïßçóç ôùí áíáãêþí ôçò äéïßêçóçò......................................80 3.6.2. Ôá ìïíôýëá ôùí äéáäéêáóéþí åßíáé áóôáèþ..............81 3.6.3. Ó åäéáóìüò êáèïäçãïýìåíïò áðü ôéò åîüäïõò ïäçãåß óå áêáìøßá..................................82 3.6.4. ÄõóáñÝóêåéá ñçóôþí...............................82 3.6.5. ÐñïâëÞìáôá ôåêìçñßùóçò...........................83 3.6.6. ëëåéøç åëýã ïõ...................................84 3.6.7. ÅëëéðÞ óõóôþìáôá..................................84 3.6.8. ÁíåêôÝëåóôåò ëåéôïõñãßåò............................84 3.6.9. Öüñôïò åñãáóßáò ãéá óõíôþñçóç......................84

Ðåñéå üìåíá 7 3.6.10. ÐñïâëÞìáôá ìå ôçí "éäáíéêþ" ðñïóýããéóç..............85 3.6.11. ìöáóç óå áðáéôçôéêýò íïïôñïðßåò..................85 3.7 ÓõìðåñÜóìáôá............................................86 3.8 Ðåñßëçøç.................................................88 3.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.....................................88 ÌÝñïò 3 ÂáóéêÜ ÆçôÞìáôá ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 4. ÈÝìáôá ÏñãÜíùóçò êáé Åðé åéñçìáôéêïý Ó åäéáóìïý 4.1 ÓõóôçìéêÞ èåùñßá.......................................95 4.2 ÓôñáôçãéêÝò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí...................99 4.3 ÁíáäéïñãÜíùóç Åðé åéñçìáôéêþí Äéáäéêáóéþí...............114 4.4 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí...119 4.5 ÓôÜäéá ÁíÜðôõîçò......................................124 4.6 Åõåëéîßá...............................................128 4.7 Äéá åßñéóç ñãïõ.......................................134 4.8 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................140 4.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................141 ÊåöÜëáéï 5. ÈÝìáôá Ìïíôåëïðïßçóçò 5.1 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç........................................143 5.2 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç äéáäéêáóéþí..............................144 5.3 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç äåäïìýíùí...............................147 5.4 ÁíôéêåéìåíïóôñåöÞò ìïíôåëïðïßçóç........................150 5.5 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................155 5.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................156

8 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 6. ÈÝìáôá Ó åäßáóçò êáé ÁíÜðôõîçò 6.1 ÐáñáäïóéáêÜ ÐëçñïöïñéáêÜ ÓõóôÞìáôá...................157 6.2 ÅîåëéêôéêÞ ÁíÜðôõîç....................................160 6.3 ñþóç Ðñùôïôýðùí....................................167 6.4 Ôá åßá ÁíÜðôõîç Åöáñìïãþí.............................177 6.4.1. ÁõîçôéêÞ áíüðôõîç................................177 6.4.2. ÅöáñìïãÞ ñïíéêþí ðáñáèýñùí.....................178 6.4.3. Ç áñ Þ Pareto.....................................181 6.4.4. Êáíüíåò MoSCoW.................................181 6.4.5. Çìåñßäåò ãéá êïéíþ áíüðôõîç ôçò åöáñìïãþò...........182 6.4.6. ñþóç ðñùôïôýðùí...............................183 6.4.7. ÁíÜäï ïò êáé ðñùôïðüñïò..........................183 6.4.8. Åñãáëåßá ëïãéóìéêïý................................183 6.5 Ìç áíïëïãßá ÁíÜðôõîçò Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí.......187 6.6 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí óôï Äéáäßêôõï........191 6.7 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................195 6.8 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................197 ÊåöÜëáéï 7. Ñüëïò êáé Óõììåôï Þ ôïõ Áíèñþðéíïõ ÐáñÜãïíôá 7.1 Åðéêïéíùíßá Áíèñþðïõ - Ìç áíþò.........................199 7.2. ÅöáñìïãÝò Ôåëéêïý ñþóôç (End User Computing - EUC).......208 7.3. ìðåéñá ÓõóôÞìáôá....................................213 7.4 Äéá åßñéóç Ãíþóçò......................................221 7.4.1. Ïäçãïß êåíôñéêþò ãíþóçò...........................222 7.4.2. Ïäçãïß ôå íïëïãßáò................................222 7.4.3. Ïäçãïß âáóéóìýíïé óôçí ïñãáíùôéêþ äïìþ..............223 7.4.4. Ðñïóùðéêïß ïäçãïß................................223

Ðåñéå üìåíá 9 7.4.5. Ïäçãïß åóôéáóìýíïé óôç äéåñãáóßá....................224 7.4.6. Ïéêïíïìéêïß ïäçãïß.................................224 7.5 ÐñïóáñìïãÞ óôéò ÁðáéôÞóåéò ôïõ ÐåëÜôç...................226 7.6 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................229 7.7 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................230 ÊåöÜëáéï 8. Ðáñïõóßáóç êáé ÅöáñìïãÞ ôïéìùí Ëýóåùí 8.1 ÐáêÝôá Åöáñìïãþí.....................................231 8.1.1. ÁíåðÜñêåéá áðáéôþóåùí............................235 8.1.2. Áðñïóäéüñéóôá êüóôç êáé ïöýëç.....................236 8.2 ÓõóôÞìáôá Ðñïãñáììáôéóìïý Åðé åéñçóéáêþí Ðüñùí........237 8.3 ñþóç Åîùôåñéêþí Ðüñùí................................240 8.4. Ðåñßëçøç.............................................247 8.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................248 ÊåöÜëáéï 9. Ëïãéóìéêü 9.1 Ôå íïëïãßá Ëïãéóìéêïý...................................249 9.2 ÁõôïìáôïðïéçìÝíá Åñãáëåßá.............................255 9.3 ÁíÜðôõîç ñþóéìùí Åñãáëåßùí...........................258 9.4 Äéá åßñéóç ÂÜóåùí ÄåäïìÝíùí............................260 9.4.1. Áýîçóç äéá ùñéóìïý äåäïìýíùí......................263 9.4.2. Áýîçóç ôçò áêåñáéüôçôáò ôùí äåäïìýíùí..............263 9.4.3. Áýîçóç ôá ýôçôáò åêôýëåóçò åöáñìïãþí..............264 9.4.4. Äéåõêüëõíóç óôçí ðñüóâáóç äåäïìýíùí áðü ôïõò ðñïãñáììáôéóôýò êáé ôïõò ñþóôåò...................264 9.4.5. Áýîçóç ôçò áíåîáñôçóßáò ôùí äåäïìýíùí..............264 9.4.6. Ìåßùóç ôçò óõíôþñçóçò ôïõ ðñïãñüììáôïò...........265 9.4.7. Ðáñï Þ ìéáò äéïéêçôéêþò Üðïøçò.....................265

10 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 9.4.8. Âåëôßùóç ôùí ðñïôýðùí...........................266 9.5 Ðåñßëçøç.............................................268 9.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá.................................269 ÌÝñïò 4 Ôå íéêýò ÊåöÜëáéï 10. ÏëéóôéêÝò Ôå íéêýò 10.1 ÅìðëïõôéóìÝíåò Åéêüíåò.................................275 10.2 Ðñïóäéïñéóìüò Âáóéêþí Óôïé åßùí........................283 10.3 ÅííïéïëïãéêÜ ÌïíôÝëá..................................291 10.4 áñôïãñüöçóç Ãíþóçò.................................297 10.5 Ðåñßëçøç............................................301 10.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................302 ÊåöÜëáéï 11. Ôå íéêýò ÄåäïìÝíùí 11.1 Ìïíôåëïðïßçóç ÏíôïôÞôùí.............................303 11.2 Êáíïíéêïðïßçóç.......................................322 11.3 Ðåñßëçøç............................................339 11.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................339 ÊåöÜëáéï 12. Ôå íéêýò Äéáäéêáóéþí 12.1 ÄéÜãñáììá ÑïÞò ÄåäïìÝíùí.............................341 12.1.1. Ç ñïþ äåäïìýíùí................................343 12.1.2. Ïé äéáäéêáóßåò..................................343 12.1.3. Ç áðïèþêç äåäïìýíùí...........................344 12.1.4. ÐçãÞ êáé ðñïïñéóìüò (åîùôåñéêþ ïíôüôçôá)..........346

Ðåñéå üìåíá 11 12.2 ÄÝíäñá ÁðïöÜóåùí...................................353 12.3 Ðßíáêåò Áðüöáóçò....................................356 12.4 ÄïìçìÝíá ÁããëéêÜ.....................................359 12.5 ÄéáãñÜììáôá ÄïìÞò...................................364 12.6 ÄïìçìÝíïé Ðåñßðáôïé...................................368 12.6.1 ÁíÜãíùóç êþäéêá................................371 12.6.2 "ÓôåãíÞ" åêôýëåóç êþäéêá..........................372 12.7 Ðßíáêåò Óõó Ýôéóçò....................................373 12.8 ÄéáãñÜììáôá Åíåñãåéþí................................375 12.9 Êýêëïò ÆùÞò ÏíôïôÞôùí...............................381 12.10 Ðåñßëçøç...........................................388 12.11 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá...............................390 ÊåöÜëáéï 13. Áíôéêåéìåíïóôñåöåßò Ôå íéêýò 13.1 ÁíôéêåéìåíïóôñÝöåéá...................................391 13.2 UML (Unified Modeling Language).........................402 13.2.1. ÄéáãñÜììáôá êëüóåùí (Class Diagrams).............404 13.2.2. ÄéáãñÜììáôá ðåñéðôþóåùí ñþóçò (Use case diagrams)...407 13.2.3. ÄéáãñÜììáôá áëëçëåðßäñáóçò (Interaction diagrams)...408 13.2.4. ÄéáãñÜììáôá áêïëïõèßáò (Sequence diagrams)........409 13.2.5. ÄéáãñÜììáôá êáôáóôüóåùí (Statechart diagrams)......411 13.2.6. ÄéáãñÜììáôá äñáóôçñéïôþôùí (Activity diagrams)......413 13.4 Ðåñßëçøç............................................415 13.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................416 ÊåöÜëáéï 14. Ôå íéêýò Äéá åßñéóçò ñãùí 14.1 Ôå íéêýò Åêôßìçóçò.....................................417

12 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 14.2 ÄéáãñÜììáôá PERT.....................................419 14.3 ÄéáãñÜììáôá GANTT...................................423 14.4 Ðåñßëçøç............................................425 14.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................426 ÊåöÜëáéï 15. Ôå íéêýò ÏñãÜíùóçò 15.1 Ôå íéêýò ÁíáæÞôçóçò Ëýóåùí............................427 15.2 Êñßóéìïé ÐáñÜãïíôåò Åðéôõ ßáò..........................430 15.3 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò Óåíáñßùí.............................434 15.4 ÁíÜëõóç ÌÝëëïíôïò....................................436 15.5 ÁíÜëõóç ÄõíáôïôÞôùí, Áäõíáìéþí, Åõêáéñéþí êáé Áðåéëþí...438 15.6 Áéôéïëüãçóç ÂÜóåé Ðåñéðôþóåùí ñþóçò..................441 15.7 ÁíÜëõóç Ñßóêïõ.......................................443 15.8 Ðåñßëçøç............................................445 15.9 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................447 ÊåöÜëáéï 16. ÁíèñùðïêåíôñéêÝò Ôå íéêýò 16.1 ÁíÜëõóç ñçóôþí.....................................449 16.2 ÊïéíÞ ÁíÜðôõîç Åöáñìïãþí.............................454 16.3 Ðåñßëçøç............................................458 16.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................459 ÌÝñïò 5 Åñãáëåßá êáé ÐáêÝôá Åñãáëåßùí ÊåöÜëáéï 17ï: Åñãáëåßá 17.1 ÏìáäéêÞ Åñãáóßá: Groupsystems.........................465

Ðåñéå üìåíá 13 17.2 ÁíÜðôõîç Éóôïóåëßäáò: Dreamweaver.....................471 17.3 ÐñïãñÜììáôá Ó åäßáóçò: Visio..........................476 17.4 Äéá åßñéóç ñãùí: Project 2003..........................481 17.5 Äéá åßñéóç ÂÜóåùí ÄåäïìÝíùí: Access....................486 17.6 Ðåñßëçøç............................................500 17.7 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................501 ÊåöÜëáéï 18ï: ÐáêÝôá Åñãáëåßùí 18.1 ÅéóáãùãÞ............................................503 18.2 IEF (Information Engineering Facility).......................508 18.2.1 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò äñáóôçñéïôþôùí.................508 18.2.2 ÁíÜëõóç.......................................510 18.2.3 Ó åäéáóìüò.....................................511 18.2.4 ÊáôáóêåõÞ.....................................513 18.2.5 Õëïðïßçóç......................................513 18.2.6 Ç åãêõêëïðáßäåéá...............................513 18.3 Oracle...............................................515 18.3.1 Ôï óýóôçìá äéá åßñéóçò âüóåùí äåäïìýíùí ôçò Oracle..515 18.3.2 To Designer/2000.................................516 18.3.3 Ôï Developer/2000...............................518 18.4 Select Enterprise.......................................519 18.5 ÈÝìáôá ÓõæÞôçóçò....................................524 18.5.1 Âåëôéþóåéò óôç äéá åßñéóç êáé óôïí Ýëåã ï............524 18.5.2 Âåëôéþóåéò óôçí ðïéüôçôá ôïõ óõóôþìáôïò...........525 18.5.3 ÂåëôéùìÝíá ó Ýäéá, ðïõ áíôéêáôïðôñßæïõí êáëýôåñá ôéò ðñïäéáãñáöýò................................525

14 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 18.5.4 Áõôüìáôïò Ýëåã ïò óõíýðåéáò óýìöùíá ìå ôç âüóç êáíüíùí........................................527 18.5.5 Ìåãáëýôåñç åðéêýíôñùóç óôçí áíüëõóç ðáñü óôçí õëïðïßçóç.................................528 18.5.6 ÅðéâïëÞ ðñïôýðùí êáé óõíýðåéáò..................529 18.5.7 Âåëôéþóåéò óôçí ðáñáãùãéêüôçôá...................529 18.5.8 Ìåßùóç ôùí åîüäùí óõíôþñçóçò...................530 18.5.9 Åðáíáó åäéáóìüò ôùí õðáñ üíôùí óõóôçìüôùí......532 18.5.10 ÓõíåéóöïñÜ óôçí åðé åéñçìáôéêþ óôñáôçãéêþ........533 18.5.11 ÂåëôéùìÝíç áðüêñéóç............................533 18.5.12 Ìåôáöåñóéìüôçôá..............................533 18.5.13 Óõìâáäßæïíôáò ìå ôéò óýã ñïíåò ôå íïëïãéêýò åîåëßîåéò....534 18.6 Ðåñßëçøç............................................540 18.7 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................541 ÌÝñïò 6 Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ÊåöÜëáéï 19ï: Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ìå ìöáóç óôéò Äéáäéêáóßåò 19.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá STRADIS (Structured Analysis, Design and Implementation of Information Systems)....................551 19.1.1 Áñ éêþ ìåëýôç...................................553 19.1.2 ËåðôïìåñÞò ìåëýôç...............................554 19.1.3 Ïñßæïíôáò êáé ó åäéüæïíôáò åíáëëáêôéêýò ëýóåéò......557 19.1.4 Öõóéêüò ó åäéáóìüò..............................559 19.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá YSM (Yourdon Systems Method)...............562 19.2.1 ÌåëÝôç óêïðéìüôçôáò............................565

Ðåñéå üìåíá 15 19.2.2 ÊáôáóêåõÞ âáóéêïý ìïíôýëïõ......................565 19.2.3 ÊáôáóêåõÞ ìïíôýëïõ õëïðïßçóçò...................571 19.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá JSD (Jackson Systems Development)............571 19.3.1 ÂÞìá åíýñãåéáò ïíôïôþôùí........................574 19.3.2 ÂÞìá äïìþò ïíôïôþôùí...........................575 19.3.3 ÂÞìá áñ éêïðïßçóçò ìïíôýëïõ.....................580 19.3.4 ÂÞìá ëåéôïõñãßáò................................584 19.3.5 ÂÞìá ñïíïðñïãñáììáôéóìïý óõóôþìáôïò...........587 19.3.6 ÂÞìá ðñïóäéïñéóìïý öõóéêïý óõóôþìáôïò...........588 19.4 Ðåñßëçøç............................................591 19.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................591 ÊåöÜëáéï 20ï: ÌéêôÝò Ìåèïäïëïãßåò 20.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá SSADM (Structured Systems Analysis and Design Method).......................................593 20.1.1 Óêïðéìüôçôá...................................595 20.1.2 Äéåñåýíçóç ôñý ïíôïò ðåñéâüëëïíôïò...............596 20.1.3 ÅðéëïãÝò åðé åéñçóéáêþí óõóôçìüôùí...............598 20.1.4 Êáèïñéóìüò áðáéôþóåùí..........................599 20.1.5 Ôå íéêýò åðéëïãýò óõóôþìáôïò......................603 20.1.6 Ëïãéêüò ó åäéáóìüò..............................603 20.1.7 Öõóéêüò ó åäéáóìüò..............................604 20.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá MERISE...................................605 20.2.1 Êýêëïò áðüöáóçò...............................606 20.2.2 Êýêëïò æùþò....................................609 20.2.3 Êýêëïò áöáßñåóçò...............................610

16 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 20.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá Ìç áíïëïãßáò Ðëçñïöïñéþí (IE - Information Engineering).............................619 20.3.1 Ó åäéáóìüò óôñáôçãéêþò ðëçñïöïñéþí (Information Strategy Planning - ISP)..................624 20.3.2 ÁíÜëõóç åðé åéñçóéáêþò ðåñéï Þò...................626 20.3.3 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò êáé ó åäéáóìüò óõóôçìüôùí........632 20.3.4 ÊáôáóêåõÞ êáé åíïðïßçóç.........................636 20.4 ÁíÜðôõîç ERP ÓõóôçìÜôùí êáôü Welti....................638 20.5 Ðåñßëçøç............................................642 20.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................643 ÊåöÜëáéï 21ï: Áíôéêåéìåíïóôñåöåßò Ìåèïäïëïãßåò 21.1 ÁíôéêåéìåíïóôñáöÞò ÁíÜëõóç (OOA - Object Oriented Analysis)..........................645 21.1.1 Åýñåóç ôçò êëüóçò êáé ôùí áíôéêåéìýíùí.............646 21.1.2 Ðñïóäéïñéóìüò ôùí äïìþí.........................650 21.1.3 Ðñïóäéïñéóìüò ôùí èåìüôùí.......................655 21.1.4 Êáèïñéóìüò ôùí ãíùñéóìüôùí.....................656 21.1.5 Êáèïñéóìüò ôùí õðçñåóéþí........................659 21.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá RUP (Rational Unified Process)................661 21.2.1 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôçò ìïíôåëïðïßçóçò åðé åßñçóçò......666 21.2.2 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôùí áðáéôþóåùí...................668 21.2.3 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò áíüëõóçò êáé ó åäéáóìïý............669 21.2.4 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôçò õëïðïßçóçò....................669 21.2.5 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôïõ åëýã ïõ.......................669 21.2.6 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôçò ðáñüäïóçò....................670 21.2.7 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò äéá åßñéóçò êáé äéáìüñöùóçò áëëáãþí.....670

Ðåñéå üìåíá 17 21.2.8 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò äéá åßñéóçò Ýñãïõ...................671 21.2.9 Ç ñïþ åñãáóßáò ôïõ ðåñéâüëëïíôïò.................671 21.3 Ðåñßëçøç............................................672 21.4 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................673 ÊåöÜëáéï 22ï: Ìåèïäïëïãßåò Ôá åßáò ÁíÜðôõîçò 22.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá JMRAD (Jame's Martin Rapid Application Development).........................................675 22.1.1 Ðñïãñáììáôéóìüò áðáéôþóåùí.....................678 22.1.2 Ó åäßáóç ñçóôþí...............................679 22.1.3 Õëïðïßçóç......................................679 22.1.4. ÌåôÜðôùóç....................................681 22.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá DSDM (Dynamic Systems Development Method)..681 22.2.1 DSDM äéáäéêáóßåò...............................685 22.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá XP (Extreme Programming)...................691 22.4 Ìåèïäïëïãßá WISDM (Web IS Development Methodology).....694 22.5 Ðåñßëçøç............................................699 22.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................699 ÊåöÜëáéï 23ï: ÁíèñùðïêåíôñéêÝò Ìåèïäïëïãßåò 23.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá ETHICS (Effective Technical and Human Implementation of Computer-based Systems).................701 23.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá KADS....................................715 23.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá COMMONKADS...........................723 23.4 Ðåñßëçøç............................................728 23.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................728

18 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí ÊåöÜëáéï 24ï: Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ìå ìöáóç óôïí Åðé åéñçìáôéêü Ó åäéáóìü 24.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá ÅõìåôÜâëçôùí ÓõóôçìÜôùí (SSM - Soft Systems Methodology).........................729 24.1.1 ÊáôÜóôáóç ðñïâëþìáôïò: áäüìçôç.................734 24.1.2 ÊáôÜóôáóç ðñïâëþìáôïò: åêöñáóìýíç..............734 24.1.3 Âáóéêïß ïñéóìïß ó åôéêþí óõóôçìüôùí...............736 24.1.4 ÊáôáóêåõÞ åííïéïëïãéêþí ìïíôýëùí.................737 24.1.5 Óýãêñéóç åííïéïëïãéêþí ìïíôýëùí ìå ôçí ðñáãìáôéêüôçôá.................................739 24.1.6 Áîéïëüãçóç ôùí åöéêôþí êáé åðéèõìçôþí áëëáãþí.....739 24.1.7 Âåëôßùóç ôçò êáôüóôáóçò ôïõ ðñïâëþìáôïò.........740 24.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá ISAC (Information Systems work and Analysis of Changes)...................................743 24.2.1 ÁíÜëõóç áëëáãþí................................745 24.2.2 ÌåëÝôåò äñáóôçñéïôþôùí.........................748 24.2.3 ÁíÜëõóç ðëçñïöïñéþí............................752 24.2.4 Ó åäßáóç óõóôþìáôïò äåäïìýíùí...................756 24.2.5 ÐñïóáñìïãÞ åîïðëéóìïý..........................757 24.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá PI (Process Innovation).......................759 24.3.1 ÁíÜðôõîç ôïõ ïñüìáôïò ôçò åðé åßñçóçò êáé ôùí óôü ùí ôçò äéáäéêáóßáò.......................760 24.3.2 Áíáãíþñéóç ôùí äéáäéêáóéþí ðïõ ðñüêåéôáé íá åðáíáó åäéáóôïýí...............................761 24.3.3 Êáôáíüçóç êáé ìýôñçóç ôùí õöéóôüìåíùí äéáäéêáóéþí.....762 24.3.4 Ðñïóäéïñéóìüò êéíþôñùí ãéá ôç ñþóç ôå íïëïãéþí ðëçñïöïñéêþò...................................762

Ðåñéå üìåíá 19 24.3.5 Ó åäßáóç êáé äçìéïõñãßá ôïõ ðñùôïôýðïõ ìéáò íýáò äéáäéêáóßáò.................................764 24.4 Ìåèïäïëïãßá PRINCE (Projects IN Controlled Environments.....766 24.5 Ìåèïäïëïãßá RENAISSANCE.............................769 24.6 Ðåñßëçøç............................................772 24.7 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................773 ÊåöÜëáéï 25ï: Ìåèïäïëïãßåò ðïõ ÐåñéãñÜöïõí ÃåíéêÜ Ðëáßóéá Åñãáóßáò 25.1 Ìåèïäïëïãßá ÐïëëáðëÞò Èåþñçóçò (Multiview).............775 25.1.1 Multiview1......................................775 25.1.1.1 ÁíÜëõóç ôçò áíèñþðéíçò äñáóôçñéüôçôáò.....781 25.1.1.2 ÁíÜëõóç ðëçñïöïñéþí.....................783 25.1.1.3 ÁíÜëõóç êáé ó åäéáóìüò ôùí êïéíùíéêïôå íéêþí åííïéþí..................................784 25.1.1.4 Ó åäßáóç ôçò åðéêïéíùíßáò ôïõ ñþóôç ìå ôï ðëçñïöïñéáêü óýóôçìá....................786 25.1.1.5 Ó åäéáóìüò ôå íéêþí èåìüôùí...............787 25.1.2 Multiview2......................................790 25.2 Ìåèïäïëïãßá SODA (Strategic Options Development and Analysis)..........................................795 25.3 Ìåèïäïëïãßá CMM (Capability Maturity Model)..............797 25.3.1 Áñ éêþ äéáäéêáóßá................................799 25.3.2 Åðáíáëáìâáíüìåíç äéáäéêáóßá.....................800 25.3.3 ÏñéóìÝíç äéáäéêáóßá..............................801 25.3.4 Äéá åéñßóéìç äéáäéêáóßá...........................801 25.3.5 ÂåëôéóôïðïéÞóéìç äéáäéêáóßá.......................801

20 ÁíÜðôõîç Ðëçñïöïñéáêþí ÓõóôçìÜôùí 25.4 Ìåèïäïëïãßá Euromethod...............................807 25.5 Ðåñßëçøç............................................815 25.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................815 ÌÝñïò 7 Áíôéêåßìåíá ÓõæÞôçóçò êáé Ðëáßóéá Åñãáóßáò ÊåöÜëáéï 26ï: Áíôéêåßìåíá ÓõæÞôçóçò 26.1 Ôé Ïñßæïõìå ùò "Ìåèïäïëïãßá";...........................821 26.2 Ôï Ëïãéêü Õðüâáèñï ìéáò Ìåèïäïëïãßáò...................825 26.2.1 ÐáñáãùãÞ êáëýôåñïõ ôåëéêïý ðñïúüíôïò.............826 26.2.2 ÕéïèÝôçóç êáëýôåñçò äéáäéêáóßáò áíüðôõîçò.........828 26.2.3 ñþóç ôõðïðïéçìýíçò äéáäéêáóßáò..................829 26.3 Õéïèåôþíôáò ìéá Ìåèïäïëïãßá óôçí ÐñÜîç.................830 26.4 ÅîÝëéîç êáé ÁíÜðôõîç Ìåèïäïëïãéþí......................835 26.4.1 Ðñï-ìåèïäïëïãéêÞ åðï Þ..........................835 26.4.2 Ðñþéìç ìåèïäïëïãéêþ åðï Þ.......................836 26.4.3 Ç åðï Þ ôùí ìåèïäïëïãéþí........................837 26.4.4 Ç åðï Þ ôçò åðáíáîéïëüãçóçò ôùí ìåèïäïëïãéþí......845 26.5 Ðåñßëçøç............................................854 26.6 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................855 ÊåöÜëáéï 27ï: Óýãêñéóç Ìåèïäïëïãéþí 27.1 ÊñéôÞñéá Óýãêñéóçò Ìåèïäïëïãéþí.......................857 27.2 Ãåíéêü Ðëáßóéï Óýãêñéóçò Ìåèïäïëïãéþí...................867 27.2.1 Öéëïóïößá......................................869

Ðåñéå üìåíá 21 27.2.2 ÌïíôÝëï.......................................873 27.2.3 Ôå íéêýò êáé åñãáëåßá.............................874 27.2.4 Åýñïò ñþóçò...................................874 27.2.5 îïäïé.........................................874 27.2.6 ÐñáêôéêÞ.......................................875 27.2.7 Ðñïúüí.........................................875 27.3 Óýãêñéóç.............................................876 27.3.1 Öéëïóïößá......................................876 27.3.2 ÌïíôÝëï.......................................881 27.3.3 Ôå íéêýò êáé åñãáëåßá.............................883 27.3.4 Åýñïò ñþóçò...................................884 27.3.5 îïäïé.........................................888 27.3.6 ÐñáêôéêÞ.......................................888 27.3.7 Ðñïúüí.........................................890 27.4 Ðåñßëçøç............................................891 27.5 Ðñüóèåôç Âéâëéïãñáößá................................893 Béâëéïãñáößá...............................................895