References Allen,A.,Montgomery,M.,Tubman,J.,Frazier,L.,&Escovar,L.(2003).Theeffectsof assessmentfeedbackonrapportbuildingandselfenhancementprocesses. JournalofMentalHealthCounseling,25,165182. AmericanEducationResearchAssociation,AmericanPsychologicalAssociationandthe NationalCouncilonMeasurementinEducation(1999).Standardsfor educationalandpsychologicaltesting.washington,dc:americaneducational ResearchAssociation Anastasi,A.(1982).Psychologicaltesting(5thed.).NewYork,NY:Macmillan. Anastasi,A.(1988).Psychologicaltesting(6thed.).NewYork,NY:Macmillan. Bachman,J.,Stein,S.,Campbell,K.,&Sitarenios,G.(2000).Emotionalintelligenceinthe collectionofdebt.internationaljournalofselectionandassessment,8,176182. Bandura,A.(1977).SocialLearningTheory.EnglewoodCliffs,NJ:PrenticeHall. BarOn,R.(1988).Thedevelopmentofaconceptofpsychologicalwellbeing.Doctoral dissertation,rhodesuniversity,southafrica.theprecursorofthebaronmodel ofemotionalsocialintelligence. BarOn,R.(1997).EQiTechnicalManual.Toronto,Canada:MultiHealthSystems. BarOn,R.(1992).Thedevelopmentofaconceptandtestofemotionalintelligence. Unpublishedmanuscript. BarOn,R.(2002).EQiTechnicalManual.Toronto,Canada:MultiHealthSystems. BarOn,R.(2004).EQi:BarOnEmotionalQuotientInventory.Toronto,Canada:Multi HealthSystems. BarOn,R.,&Handley,R.(2003).TheBarOnEQ360:Technicalmanual.Toronto,Canada: MultiHealthSystems. BarOn,R.,Tranel,D.,Denburg,N.L.,&Bechara,A.(2003).Exploringtheneurological substrateofemotionalandsocialintelligence.brain,126,17901800. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 285 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Barrow,J.C.(1977).Thevariablesofleadership:Areviewandconceptualframework, AcademyofManagementReview,2,231251. Bass,B.M.,&Avolio,B.J.(1997).Fullrangeleadershipdevelopment:Manualforthe MultifactorLeadershipQuestionnaire.PaloAlto,CA:Mindgarden. Bechara,A.,Damasio,A.R.,Damasio,H.&Anderson,S.W.(1994).Insensitivitytofuture consequencesfollowingdamagetohumanprefrontalcortex.cognition,50, 7 12. Bem,D.J.,&Allen,A.(1974).Onpredictingsomeofthepeoplesomeofthetime.The searchforcrosssituationalconsistenciesinbehavior.psychologicalreview, 81(6),506520. Bentler,P.M.(1990).Comparativefitindexesinstructuralmodels.Psychological Bulletin,107,238 246. Bentler,P.M.,&Bonett,D.G.(1980).Significancetestsandgoodnessoffitinthe analysisofcovariancestructures.psychologicalbulletin,88,588 606. Block,P.(2000).TheFlawlessConsultingFieldbook(2nded).SanFrancisco:Pfeiffer. Broad,M.(2005).BeyondTransferofTraining:EngagingSystemstoImprove Performance.SanFrancisco:Pfeiffer. Brown,F.W.,Bryant,S.E.,&Reilly,D.(2006).Doesemotionalintelligenceasmeasured bytheeqiinfluencetransformationalleadershipand/ordesirableoutcomes? Leadership&OrganizationDevelopmentJournal,27(5),330351. Bumphus,A.T.(2009).Theemotionalintelligenceandresilienceofschoolleaders:An investigationintoleadershipbehaviors.dissertationabstractsinternational SectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,3401. Burns,J.M.(1978).Leadership.NewYork:Harper&Row. Campbell,D.T.,&Fiske,D.W.(1959).Convergentanddiscriminantvalidationbythe multitraitmultimethodmatrix.psychologicalbulletin,56,81 105. Cavelzani,A.,Lee,I.,Locatelli,V.,Monti,G.,&Villamira,M.A.(2003). Emotionalintelligenceandtouristservices:Thetouroperatorasamediator betweentouristsandresidents.internationaljournalofhospitalityandtourism Administration,4(4),124. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 286 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved. 287 Cavins,B.(2006).Therelationshipbetweenemotionalsocialintelligenceandleadership practicesamongcollegestudentleaders.dissertationabstractsinternational SectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,66,3518. Change,K.T.(2007).Canweteachemotionalintelligence?DissertationAbstracts InternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,4451. Ciarrochi,J.,Forgas,J.,&Mayer,J.D(2001).Emotionalintelligenceineverydaylife:A scientificinquiry.newyork:psychologypress. Cohen,J.(1988).Statisticalpoweranalysisforthebehavioralsciences(2 nd ed.). Mahwah,NJ:Earlbaum. Corecompetencies(2011).RetrievedJanuary19,2011,from http://www.coachfederation.org/icfcredetials/corecompetencies/ Costa,P.T.,Jr.,&McCrae,R.R.(1992).NEOPIRProfessionalManual:RevisedNEO PersonalityInventory(NEOPIR)andNEOFiveFactorInventory(NEOFFI).Lutz, FL:PAR. Covey,S.R.(2004).The7habitsofhighlyeffectivepeople.Philadelphia,PA:Running Press. Cronbach,L.J.(1951).Coefficientalphaandtheinternalstructureoftests. Psychometrika,16,297 335. Crowne,D.P.,&Marlowe,D.(1964).Theapproachmotive:Studiesinevaluative dependence.newyork,ny:wiley. Cummings,T.G.andWorley,C.G.(2005).OrganizationDevelopmentandChange, 8thed.,Ohio:ThomsonSouthWestern Damasio,A.R.,Tranel,D.&Damasio,H.(1991)."Somaticmarkersandtheguidanceof behaviour:theoryandpreliminarytesting"(pp.217 229).InH.S.Levin,H.M. Eisenberg&A.L.Benton(Eds.).Frontallobefunctionanddysfunction.NewYork: OxfordUniversityPress. Davidson,R.J.&Lutz,A.(2008).Buddha sbrain:neuroplasticityandmeditation. IEEESignalProcessing25(1),171174. Davies,M.,Stankov,L.,&Roberts,R.D.(1998).Emotionalintelligence:Insearchofan elusiveconstruct.journalofpersonalityandsocialpsychology,75(4),9891015
Downie,N.M.,&Heath,R.W.(1970).Basicstatisticalmethods(3 rd ed.).newyork,ny: HarperandRow. Dries,N.&Pepermans,R.(2007).Usingemotionalintelligencetoidentifyhighpotential: Metacompetencyperspective.LeadershipandOrganizationDevelopment Journal,28(8),749770. Dulewicz,V.,&Higgs,M.(2004).Canemotionalintelligencebedeveloped?International JournalofHumanResourceManagement,15(1),95111. Durek,D.&Gordon,W.(2009).ZeroinginonStarPerformance.InM.Hughes, H.L.Thompson,&J.B.Terrell(Eds.),HandbookforDevelopingEmotionaland SocialIntelligence:BestPractices,CaseStudies,andStrategies.(pp.183 203). SanFrancisco,CA:Pfeiffer. Edwards,A.L.(1966).Relationshipsbetweenprobabilityofendorsementandsocial desirabilityscalevalueforasetof2,824personalitystatements.journalof AppliedPsychology,50,238239. Elfenbein,H.A.(2006).Learninginemotionjudgments:Trainingandthecrosscultural understandingoffacialexpressions.journalofnonverbalbehavior,30(1),2136. Ellingson,J.,Sackett,P.,&Hough,L.(1999).Socialdesirabilitycorrectionsinpersonality measurement:issuesofapplicantcomparisonandconstructvalidity.journalof AppliedPsychology,84(2),155166. Endler,N.S.,&Parker,J.D.A.,(1990).CopingInventoryforStressfulSituations (CISS):Manual.Toronto,Canada:MultiHealthSystemsInc. Endler,N.S.,&Parker,J.D.A.,(1994).Assessmentofmultidimensionalcoping:Task, emotion,andavoidancestrategies.psychologicalassessment,6,5060. Engstrom,M.(2005).Astudyofemotionalintelligenceasitrelatestoorganizational outcomesbeyondwhatiscontributedbypersonality.dissertationabstracts International:SectionB,66(10). Epstein,S.(1979).Thestabilityofbehavior:Onpredictingmostofthepeoplemuchof thetime.journalofpersonalityandsocialpsychology,37(6),10971126 EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 288 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Farnsworth,R.,Gilbert,E.,&Armstrong,D.(2002).Exploringtherelationshipbetween themyersbriggstypeindicatorandthebaronemotionalquotientinventory: Applicationsforprofessionaldevelopmentpractices.ASAC,Winnipeg,Manitoba. Fiedler,F.E.(1967).Atheoryofleadershipeffectiveness.NewYork:McGrawHill. Fleishman,E.A.(1953).Leadershipclimateandhumanrelationstraining. PersonnelPsychology,6,205222. Flesch,R.(1948).Anewreadabilityyardstick.JournalofAppliedPsychology,32, 221233. Fletcher,I.,Leadbetter,P.,Curran,A.,&O Sullivan,H.(2009).Apilotstudyassessing emotionalintelligencetrainingandcommunicationskillswith3rdyearmedical students.patienteducationandcounseling,76(3),376379. Flora,C.(2009).Thepursuitofhappiness.PsychologyToday, http://www.psychologytoday.com/node/21162 Frederiksen,N.(1965).Responsesetscoresaspredictorsofperformance.Personnel Psychology,18,225244. Frye,M.C.,Bennett,R.,&Caldwell,S.(2006).Teamemotionalintelligenceandteam interpersonalprocesseffectiveness.midamericanjournalofbusiness,21(1), 4956. Gabel,R.S.,Dolan,S.L.,&Cerdin,J.L.(2005).Emotionalintelligenceaspredictorof culturaladjustmentforsuccessinglobalassignments.careerdevelopment International,10(5),375395. Gardner,H.(1983).FramesofMind.NewYork:BasicBooks. Gasiorowska,G.M.(2007).Astudyofprojectmanagers mostdominantemotional intelligenceabilitiesandskills.dissertationabstractsinternational:sectionb: TheSciencesandEngineering,68(06). Gervais,M.(2008).AchievingSuccessinCombatSportsThroughEmotionalIntelligence. Paperpresentedatthe116thAmericanPsychologicalAssociationAnnual Convention,Boston,Massachusetts,August1417. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 289 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Giroir,E.M.E.(2010).Motivatedbymoney:Studentswithacademicscholarshipsversus thosewithoutandtheiremotionalintelligence.dissertationabstracts InternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p.2409. Goleman,D.,(1995).EmotionalIntelligence.NewYork:BantamBooks. Haier,R.J.,Siegel,B.V.,MacLachlan,A.,Soderling,E.,Lottenberg,S.,&Buchsbaum,M. S.(1992).Regionalglucosemetabolicchangesafterlearningacomplex visuospatial/motortask:apositronemissiontomographicstudy.brainresearch, 570,134143. Haffey,K.E.(2007).Therelationshipbetweenemotionalintelligenceandpsychological adjustmentinchildrenwithcancer.dissertationabstractsinternational:section B:TheSciencesandEngineering,7373. Halpin,A.W.(1954).Theleadershipbehaviorandcombatperformanceofairplane commanders.journalofabnormalandsocialpsychology,49,1922. Handley,R.(1997).AFRSratesemotionalintelligence.AirforceRecruitedNews,April. Hansen,R.A.(2010).Astudyofschooldistrictsuperintendentsandtheconnectionof emotionalintelligencetoleadership.dissertationabstractsinternationalsection A:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,3920. Harns,P.D.,&Crede,M.(2010).Emotionalintelligenceandtransformationaland transactionalleadership:ametaanalysis.leadershipandorganizationalstudies, 17(1),517. Harris,N.V.(2009).Isemotionalintelligencethekeytomedicalsalessuccess?The relationshipbetweenemotionalintelligenceandsalesperformance.dissertation AbstractsInternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,935. Hayashi,A.(2006).Leadershipdevelopmentthroughanoutdoorleadershipprogram focusingonemotionalintelligence.dissertationabstractsinternationalsection A:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,1530. Hughes,M.,Patterson,L.B.,&Terrell,J.,(2005).EmotionalIntelligenceinAction: Trainingand CoachingActivitiesforLeadersandManagers.SanFrancisco:Pfeiffer. Hughes.M.,&Terrell.J.(2007).TheEmotionallyIntelligentTeam:Understandingand DevelopingtheBehaviorsofSuccess.SanFrancisco:JosseyBass. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 290 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved. 291 Hughes,M.,Thompson,H.,&Terrell,J.(2009).Handbookfordevelopingemotionaland socialintelligence.sanfrancisco:pfeiffer/johnwiley&sons. IBMSPSSStatistics(Version19.0.0)[Computersoftware].Somers,NY:IBM. Jackson,D.N.(1971).Thedynamicsofstructuredpersonalitytests.Psychological Review,78,229248. Jackson,D.N.(1974).PersonalityResearchFormManual.Goshen,NY:Research PsychologistsPress. Jasvinder,K.(2010).Amixedmethodcasestudy:BarOnEQiframeworkofemotional intelligenceandtheschoolleadershipexperiencesofprincipalswhocompleted anurbanleadershipprograminnortherncalifornia.dissertationabstracts InternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p.1570. Jerome,K.L.(2010).Anexaminationoftherelationshipbetweenemotionalintelligence andtheleadershipstylesofearlychildhoodprofessionals.dissertationabstracts InternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p.3336. John,O.P.,&BenetMartínez,V.(2000). Measurement,scaleconstruction,and reliability, inhandbookofresearchmethodsinsocialandpersonality psychology,ed.h.t.reisandc.m.judd,339 369.NewYork,NY:Cambridge UniversityPress. Jöreskog,K.G.,&Sörbom,D.(1986).LISRELVI:Analysisoflinearstructuralrelationships bymaximumlikelihoodandleastsquaresmethods.mooresville,in:scientific Software. KahnGreene,E.T.,Lippizzi,E.L.,Conrad,A.K.,Kamimori,G.H.,&Kilgore,W.D.S.(2006). Sleepdeprivationadverselyaffectsinterpersonalresponsestofrustration. PersonalityandIndividualDifferences,41,14331443. Kaplan,H.I.,&Sadock,B.J.(1991).Synopsisofpsychiatry(6thed.).Baltimore,MD: Williams&Wilkins. Kilgore,W.D.S.,&YurgelonTodd,D.A.(2007).Neuralcorrlatesofemotionalintelligence inadolescentchildren.cognitive,affective,&behavioralneuroscience,7(2), 140151.
KillgoreWD,KahnGreeneET,LipizziEL,NewmanRA,KamimoriGH,BalkinTJ.Sleep deprivationreducesperceivedemotionalintelligenceandconstructivethinking skills.sleepmedicine,9(5),51726. KillgoreWD,KillgoreDB,DayLM,LiC,KamimoriGH,BalkinTJ.Theeffectsof53hoursof sleepdeprivationonmoraljudgment.sleep,30(3),34552. Kincaid,J.P.,Fishburne,R.P.,Rogers,R.L.&Chissom,B.S.(1975).Derivationofnew readabilityformulas(automatedreadabilityindex,fogcountandflesch ReadingEaseFormula)forNavyenlistedpersonnel,ResearchBranchReport8 75,Millington,TN:NavalTechnicalTraining,U.S.NavalAirStation,Memphis, TN. Leary,M.M.Reilly,M.D.Brown,F.W.(2009).Astudyofpersonalitypreferencesand emotionalintelligence.leadership&organizationdevelopmentjournal,30(5), 421434. Likert,R.(1961).Newpatternsofmanagement.NewYork:McGrawHill. Livingstone,H.A.,&Day,A.L.(2005).Comparingtheconstructandcriterionrelated validityofabilitybasedandmixedmodelmeasuresofemotionalintelligence. EducationalandPsychologicalMeasurement.65,757779. Logan,D.,Papadogiannis,P.K.,Stein,S.&Gorewhich,A.(2008).Relationshipbetween intelligenceandmmpi2profilesinpilotapplicants.apa116thannual Convention,Boston,Massachusetts,August1417. Lu,F.J.,Li,G.,Hsu,E,&Williams,L.(2010).Relationshipbetweenathletes'emotional intelligenceandprecompetitiveanxiety.perceptualandmotorskills,110(1), 323338. Lusch,R.F.,andSerpkenci,R.R.(1990).Personaldifferences,jobtension,joboutcomes, andstoreperformance:astudyofretailmanagers.journalofmarketing, 54(1),85101. Malek,M.(2000).Relationshipbetweenemotionalintelligenceandcollaborative conflictresolutionstyles.dissertationabstractsinternational:sectionb:the SciencesandEngineering,2805. Martins,A.,Ramalho,N.,&Morin,E.(2010).Acomprehensiemetaanalysisofthe relationshipbetweenemotionalintelligenceandhealth.personalityand IndividualDifferences,49,554564. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 292 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Mayer,J.(1986).Howmoodinfluencescognition.InN.E.Sharkey(Ed.),Advancesin CognitiveScience,Vol.1(pp.290314).Chichester,England:EllisHorwood. Mayer,J.D.,DiPaolo,M.,&Salovey,P.(1990).Perceivingaffectivecontentin ambiguousvisualstimuli:acomponentofemotionalintelligence.journalof PersonalityAssessment,54(34),772781. Mayer,J.D.,Mamberg,M.,&Volanth,A.J.(1988).Cognitivedomainsofthemood system.journalofpersonality,56,453486. Mayer,J.D.,&Salovey,P.(1988).Personalitymoderatestheeffectsofaffecton cognition.inj.forgasandk.fiedler(eds.).affect,cognition,andsocialbehavior (pp.8799).toronto:hogrefe. Mayer,J.D.,&Salovey,P.(1993).Theintelligenceofemotionalintelligence.Intelligence, 17(4),433442. Mayer,J.D.,&Salovey,P.(1995).Emotionalintelligenceandtheconstructionand regulationofmoodexperience.appliedandpreventivepsychology,4(3), 197208. Mayer,J.D.,Salovey,P.,GombergKauffman,S.,&Blainey,K.(1991).Abroader conceptionofmoodexperience.journalofpersonalityandsocialpsychology,60, 100111. Mayer.J.D.,&Volanth,A.J.(1985).Cognitiveinvolvementintheemotionalresponse system.motivationandemotion,9,261275. Mayer,J.D.,Salovey,P.,&Caruso,D.R.(2002).MayerSaloveyCarusoEmotional IntelligenceTest(MSCEIT)User smanual.toronto,canada:multihealth Systems. Milhoan,P.L.(2008).Emotionalintelligencecompetenciesofdepartmentchairsinthe WestVirginiaStateCommunityCollegeSystemandtheirfacultymembers'perceptions oforganizationalclimate.dissertationabstractsinternationalsectiona:humanitiesand SocialSciences,52. Morehouse,M.M.(2007).Anexplorationofemotionalintelligenceacrosscareerarenas. Leadership&OrganizationDevelopmentJournal,28(4),296307. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 293 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Mount,M.K.,&Barrick,M.R.(1998).Fivereasonswhythe BigFive articlehasbeen frequentlycited.personnelpsychology,51,849857. Mousseau,M.B.M.(2008).Achievingsuccessingolfthroughemotionalintelligence. Paperpresentedatthe116thAmericanPsychologicalAssociationAnnual Convention,Boston,Massachusetts,August1417. Mulligan,R.D.(2004).Selfassessmentofsocialandemotionalcompetenciesoffloor coveringsalespeopleanditscorrelationwithsalesperformance.dissertation AbstractsInternational:SectionB:TheSciencesandEngineering,64(9B),4664. Myers,I.B.,&McCaulley,M.H.(1985).Manual:Aguidetothedevelopmentanduseof themyersbriggstypeindicator.paloalto,ca:consultingpsychologypress. Nideffer,R.M.(1976).Testofattentionalandinterpersonalstyle.JournalofPersonality andsocialpsychology,34(3),394404. Noland,D.S.(2009).Emotionalintelligenceandnewproductdevelopmentteamleader successinthelightingindustry.dissertationabstractsinternationalsectiona: HumanitiesandSocialSciences,69(7A),2788. Oney,M.R.(2010).Exploringthecausalrelationshipofemotionalintelligencetoclergy leadershipeffectiveness.dissertationabstractsinternationalsectiona: HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p.214. Papadogiannis,P.K.,Logan,D.,Mann,D.T.Y.&Escobar,R.E.M.(2009).Ametaanalytic approachtoexamininganabilitybasedmeasureofeiandleadership.paper presentedatthe2009annualmeetingoftheacademyofmanagement, Chicago,IL. Parker,J.D.A.,Creque,R.E.,Barnhart,D.L.,Harris,J.,Majeski,S.A.,Wood,L.M.,Bond, B.J.,&Hogan,M.J.(2004).Academicachievementinhighschool:Does emotionalintelligencematter?personalityandindividualdifferences,37,1321 1330. Parker,J.D.A.,Hogan,M.J.,Eastabrook,J.M.,Oke,A.,&Wood,L.M.(2006).Emotional intelligenceandstudentretention:predictingthesuccessfultransitionfromhigh schooltouniversity.personalityandindividualdifferences,41,13291336. Pearman,R.(2002).IntroductiontoTypeandEmotionalIntelligence.PaloAlto:CPP,Inc. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 294 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Perlini,A.H.&Halverson,T.R.(2006).EmotionalintelligenceintheNationalHockey League.CanadianJournalofBehaviouralScience,38,109119. Petrides,K.V.,&Furnham,A.(2001).Traitemotionalintelligence:Psychometric investigationwithreferencetoestablishedtraittaxonomies.europeanjournalof Personality,15,425448. Petrides,K.V.,Pita,R.,Kokkinaki,F.,2007.Thelocationoftraitemotionalintelligencein personalityfactorspace.britishjournalofpsychology,98,273 289. Piedmont,R.,McCrae,R.,Riemann,R.,&Angleitner,A.(2000).Ontheinvalidityof validityscales:evidencefromselfreportsandobserverratingsinvolunteer samples.journalofpersonalityandsocialpsychology,78(3),582593. Prochaska,J.O.,DiClemente,C.C.,&Norcross,J.C.(1992).Insearchofhowpeople change.applicationstoaddictivebehaviors.americanpsychologist,47(9), 102 114. Riggio,R.E.,&Carney,D.R.(2003).SocialSkillsInventoryManual(2 nd ed.).menlopark, CA:MindGarden,Inc. Rosenthal,R.(1995).Writingmetaanalyticreviews.PsychologicalBulletin,118(2), 183192. Rosenthal,R.(1991).Metaanalysis:Areview.PsychosomaticMedicine,53(3),247271. Sadri,E.,Akbarzadeh,N.,&Poushaneh,K.(2009).Impactofsocialemotionallearning skillsinstructiononemotionalintelligenceofmalehighschoolstudents. PsychologicalResearch,11,6983. Salovey,P.,&Birnbaum,D.(1989).Influenceofmoodonhealthrelevantcognitions. JournalofPersonalityandSocialPsychology,57,539551. Salovey,P.,Hsee,C.K.,&Mayer,J.(1993).Emotionalintelligenceandtheselfregulation ofaffect.ind.m.wegnerandj.w.pennebaker(eds.),handbookofmental control(p.258277).englewoodcliffs,nj:prenticehall. Salovey,P.,&Mayer,J.(1990).Emotionalintelligence.Imagination,Cognition,and Personality,9(3),185211. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 295 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Salovey,P.,Mayer,J.,&Rosenhan,D.L.(1991).Moodandhelping:Moodasamotivator ofhelpingandhelpingasaregulatorofmood.inm.s.clark(ed.),prosocial behavior:reviewofpersonalityandsocialpsychology(vol.12,p.215237). NewburyPark,CA:Sage. Salovey,P.,&Rodin,J.(1985).Cognitionsabouttheself:Connectingfeelingstatesand socialbehavior.inp.shaver(ed.),self,situations,andsocialbehavior:reiewof personalityandsocialpsychology,(vol.6p.143166).beverlyhills,ca:sage. Salovey,P.,Mayer,J.D.,Goldman,S.L.,Turvey,C.P.,&TiborP.(1995).Emotional attention,clarity,andrepair:exploringemotionalintelligenceusingthetrait MetaMoodScale.InJ.W.Pennebaker(Ed),Emotion,disclosure,&health,(p. 125154).Washington,DC,US:AmericanPsychologicalAssociation. Schulman,P.(1995).Explanatorystyleandachievementinschoolandwork.InG. BuchananandM.E.P.Seligman(Ed.),Explanatorystyle.Hillsdale,NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum. Schutte,N.S.&Malouff,J.M.(2007).Dimensionsofreadingmotivation:Developmentof anadultreadingmotivationscale.readingpsychology:aninternational Quarterly,28,469489. Schutte,N.S.,Malouff,J.M.,Thorsteinsson,E.B.,Bhullar,N.,&Rooke,S.E.(2007).A metaanalyticinvestigationoftherelationshipbetweenemotionalintelligence andhealth.personalityandindividualdifferences,42(6),921933. Schutte,N.S.,Malouff,J.M.,Hall,L.E.,Haggerty,D.J.,Cooper,J.T.,Golden,C.J.,& Dornheim,L.Developmentandvalidationofameasureofemotional intelligence.personalityandindividualdifferences,25(2),167177. Schwartz,M.S.(2008).Highcaliberathletesandemotionalawareness:Anexamination ofncaadivisionicollegeathletes.dissertationabstractsinternational:section B:TheSciencesandEngineering,p.6981. Seligman,M.E.P.(2002).AuthenticHappiness:UsingtheNewPositivePsychologyto RealizeYourPotentialforLastingFulfillment.NewYork:FreePress/Simonand Schuster. Seligman,M.E.P.,Steen,T.A.,Park,N.,&Peterson,C.(2005).Positivepsychology progress:empiricalvalidationofinterventions.americanpsychologist,60, 410421. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 296 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved. 297 Sitarenios,G.&Stein,S.(1998).Emotionalintelligenceinthepredictionofsalessuccess inthefinanceindustry.toronto,canada:multihealthsystems Smith,J.E.(2001).Emotionalintelligenceandbehavior:Anexploratorystudyofpeople onparole.dissertationabstractsinternational:sectionb:thesciencesand Engineering,61(11B),6168. Smith,S.R.,Wiggins,C.M.,&Gorske,T.T.(2007).Asurveyofpsychologicalassessment feedbackpractices.assessment,14,309310. Snuggs,K.L.(2007).Leadershipthatinspiresdedication:Therelationshipbetweenthe emotionalintelligenceofcommunitycollegepresidentsandfacultyandstaff retention.dissertationabstractsinternationalsectiona:humanitiesandsocial Sciences,p.3258. StatisticsCanada.(2008).2008CensusofCanada.Ottawa:IndustryCanada. Steiger,J.H.,&Lind,J.M.(1980,June).Statisticallybasedtestsforthenumberof commonfactors.paperpresentedattheannualmeetingofthepsychometric Society,IowaCity,IA. Stein,S.J.,&Book,H.E.(2000).TheEQedge:Emotionalintelligenceandyoursuccess. Toronto,Canada:MultiHealthSystems. Stein&Book,(2006).TheEQedge:Emotionalintelligenceandyoursuccess,2 nd Ed. Toronto,Canada:MultiHealthSystems. Stogdill,R.M.,&Coons,A.E.(1957).Leaderbehavior:Itsdescriptionandmeasurement. Oxford,England:OhioStateUniversity,BureauofBusiness. Tabachnick,B.G.,&Fidell,L.S.(2007).Usingmultivariatestatistics(5 th ed.).boston,ma: Pearson. Tannenbaum,A.S.(1966).Socialpsychologyoftheworkorganization.Monterey,CA: Wadsworth. Terman,L.M.(1916).Themeasurementofintelligence.Boston,MA:HoughtonMifflin. Thiébau,E.,Breton,A.,Lambolez,E.,&Richoux,V.(2005).Studyofrelationsbetween thebaronemotionalintelligenceeqiscoresandselfreportsofjobsatisfaction. PsychologieduTravailetdesOrganisations,11(1),3545.
EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved. 298 Thompson,B.(2002). Statistical, practical, and clinical :Howmanykindsof significancedocounselorsneedtoconsider?journalofcounselingand Development,80,64 71. Torrington,A.(2001).RelationshipbetweentheBarOnEmotionalQuotientInventory andthemyersbriggstypeindicator.toronto,canada:multihealthsystems. UnitedStatesBureauoftheCensus.(2008).UnitedStatesCensus2008.Washington,DC: GovernmentPrintingOffice vanderzee,k.,&wabeke,r.(2004).istraitemotionalintelligencesimplyormore ThanJustaTrait?EuropeanJournalofPersonality,18(4),243263. VanRooy,D.L.,&Viswesvaran,C.(2004).Emotionalintelligence:Ametaanalytic investigationofpredictivevalidityandnomologicalnet.journalofvocational Behavior,65,7195. Waddell,J.T.(2010).Exploratorystudyoftherelationshipbetweenservantleadership attributionandtheleader'semotionalintelligence.dissertationabstracts InternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p.4072. Walker,M.E.B.(2007).Emotionalintelligenceandacademicsuccessincollege. DissertationAbstractsInternationalSectionA:HumanitiesandSocialSciences,p. 2328. Walpole,P.,Isaac,C.L.,&Reynders,H.J.(2008).Acomparisonofemotionaland cognitiveintelligencesinpeoplewithandwithouttemporallobeepilepsy. Epilespsia,49(8),14701474. Watson,G.,&Glaser,E.M.(2009).WatsonGlaserIICriticalThinkingAppraisal:Technical manualanduser sguide.sanantonio,tx:pearson. Wechsler,D.(1939).Themeasurementofadultintelligence.Baltimore:Williams& Wilkins. Wechsler,D.(1940).Nonintellectivefactorsingeneralintelligence.Psychological Bulletin,37,444445. Wechsler,D.(1943).Nonintellectivefactorsingeneralintelligence.JournalofAbnormal SocialPsychology,38,100104.
Wechsler,D.(1958).Themeasurementandappraisalofadultintelligence,4 th ed. Baltimore:TheWilliams&WilkinsCompany. Wechsler,D.(2008).WechslerAdultIntelligenceScaleFourthEdition(WAISIV).San Antonio,TX:Pearson. Weissman,M.M.(1999).SASSR:SocialAdjustmentScale SelfReport.Toronto,Canada: MultiHealthSystems. Yalcin,B.M.,Karahan,T.F.,Ozcelik,M.,&Igde,F.A.(2008).Theeffectsofanemotional intelligenceprogramonthequalityoflifeandwellbeingofpatientswithtype2 diabetesmellitus.thediabeteseducator,34(6),10131024. Zachary,R.A.,&Gorsuch,R.L.(1985).Continuousnorming:ImplicationsfortheWAISR. JournalofClinicalPsychology,41,8694. EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 299 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
Appendix EQi2.0User shandbook:previewversion 300 Copyright2011MultiHealthSystemsInc.Allrightsreserved.
301 AppendixA:Standardization, Reliability,andValidity Thisappendixdetailsthestatisticalresultspertainingtothestandardization,reliability, andvalidityoftheeqi 2.0andEQ360 2.0,assummarizedinchapter13. TableA.1.DemographicCharacteristicsofEQi2.0PilotData ThefollowingtablesummarizesthedemographiccharacteristicsoftheEQi2.0pilotdata. Ideally,pilotdatashouldincluderepresentationfromawiderangeofdemographic(gender,age, race,educationlevel)groups. Demographic N % Gender AgeGroup(Years) Race/Ethnicity EducationLevel Male 554 41.2 Female 792 58.8 18 24 586 43.5 25 29 285 21.2 30 34 208 15.5 35 39 163 12.1 40 44 104 7.7 Black 107 7.9 Hispanic/Latino 124 9.2 White 1,008 74.9 Other 107 7.9 HighSchoolorLess 280 20.8 SomeCollege/University 447 33.2 College/UniversityorHigher 615 45.7 Missing 4 0.3 Total 1,346 100.0
302 TableA.2.ComparisonofEQi2.0ScoresinU.S.andCanadianSamples ThefollowingtableprovidesmeanandstandarddeviationsofEQi2.0scoresinU.S.and Canadiansamples.dvaluesprovideaneffectsizetodescribedifferencesbetweenthetwo countriesassmall,medium,orlarge.fandpvaluesprovidestatisticalsignificancetestsforthese differences.alackofmeaningful(i.e.,d.20)differencesbetweenu.s.andcanadian participantssupportscombiningthetwocountriesinthenormativesample. Scale U.S. Canada d F p TotalEI M 98.9 99.5 SD 15.4 15.5 0.04 0.74.391 SelfPerceptionComposite M 99.8 100.1 SD 15.3 15.4 0.02 0.21.646 SelfRegard M 99.1 100.0 SD 14.9 15.0 0.06 1.57.210 SelfActualization M 100.5 100.7 SD 15.3 15.4 0.01 0.07.789 EmotionalSelfAwareness M 99.9 99.6 SD 15.3 15.4 0.02 0.27.606 SelfExpressionComposite M 98.4 99.1 SD 15.3 15.4 0.04 0.85.358 EmotionalExpression M 99.2 99.2 SD 15.2 15.3 0.00 0.00.991 Assertiveness M 100.1 100.4 SD 14.9 15.0 0.02 0.16.689 Independence M 97.2 98.4 SD 15.2 15.3 0.08 3.22.073 InterpersonalComposite M 99.6 100.7 SD 15.3 15.4 0.07 2.10.147 InterpersonalRelationships M 99.3 100.4 SD 15.3 15.4 0.08 2.68.102 Empathy M 99.8 100.1 SD 15.2 15.3 0.02 0.28.596 SocialResponsibility M 100.1 101.3 SD 15.1 15.2 0.08 3.01.083 DecisionMakingComposite M 98.5 97.3 SD 15.5 15.6 0.07 2.56.109 ProblemSolving M 97.8 97.5 SD 15.3 15.4 0.02 0.14.710 RealityTesting M 99.9 99.6 SD 15.3 15.3 0.02 0.11.739 ImpulseControl M 99.0 96.7 SD 15.5 15.6 0.14 9.64.002 StressManagementComposite M 98.7 100.2 SD 15.1 15.1 0.10 4.84.028 Flexibility M 98.1 99.7 SD 15.1 15.2 0.10 4.89.027 tablecontinuesonnextpage
303 TableA.2.ComparisonofEQi2.0ScoresinU.S.andCanadianSamples(continued) Scale U.S. Canada d F p StressTolerance M 99.0 100.2 SD 14.8 14.9 0.08 2.76.097 Optimism M 99.5 100.6 SD 15.2 15.3 0.08 2.63.105 Happiness M 99.6 100.8 SD 15.2 15.3 0.08 2.69.101 Note.Samplesizeranges(duetomissingdata):U.S.,N=5,902to5,905;Canada,N=507to508. dfforftests:totalei=1,6407;compositescales=1,6406;subscales=1,6403.positive Cohen'sdvaluessignifyhighermeansintheU.S.group,negativeCohen'sdvaluessignifyhigher meansinthecanadiangroup.guidelinesforevaluating d are.20=small,.50=medium,.80= large. TableA.3.Age GenderDistribution:EQi2.0NormativeSample ThefollowingtableconveysthedistributionofEQi2.0normativesampleparticipants, categorizedbyagegroupandgender.anidealdistributionisonethatissimilarlyproportioned acrossallgroups,demonstratingequalrepresentationofallage gendergroups. AgeGroup(Years) Male Female Total N % N % N % 18 24 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 25 29 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 30 34 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 35 39 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 40 44 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 45 49 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 50 54 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 55 59 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 60 64 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 65+ 200 5.0 200 5.0 400 10.0 Total 2,000 50.0 2,000 50.0 4,000 100.0 TableA.4.Race/EthnicityDistribution:EQi2.0NormativeSample Thefollowingtablesummarizestherace/ethnicitydistributionoftheEQi2.0normativesample alongwithcensusinformation.ideally,thenormativesampleshouldshowrace/ethnicity proportionssimilar(within3%)ofcensus,suggestingthenormativesampleisrepresentativeof thegeneralpopulation. Country Race/Ethnicity N % Census% Black 410 11.4 12.3 Hispanic/Latino 432 12.0 15.1 U.S. White 2,519 70.0 66.0 Other 239 6.6 6.6 Total 3,600 100.0 100.0 White 315 78.8 80.0 Canada NonWhite 85 21.3 20.0 Total 400 100.0 100.0
304 TableA.5.GeographicRegionDistribution:EQi2.0NormativeSample ThefollowingtablesummarizesthegeographicregiondistributionoftheEQi2.0normative samplealongwithcensusinformation.ideally,thenormativesampleshouldshowregion proportionssimilar(within3%)ofcensus,suggestingthenormativesampleisrepresentativeof thegeneralpopulation. Country Region N % Census% Northeast 655 18.2 18.1 Midwest 793 22.0 21.9 U.S. South 1,292 35.9 36.7 West 860 23.9 23.3 Total 3,600 100.0 100.0 West 54 13.5 13.0 Prairies 72 18.0 17.1 Canada Central 244 61.0 62.4 East 30 7.5 7.3 Total 400 100.0 100.0 TableA.6.EducationLevelDistribution:EQi2.0NormativeSample Thefollowingtablesummarizestheeducationlevel(i.e.,highestlevelofattainededucation) distributionoftheeqi2.0normativesamplealongwithcensusinformation.ideally,the normativesampleshouldshowregionproportionssimilar(within3%)ofcensus,suggestingthe normativesampleisrepresentativeofthegeneralpopulation. Country EducationLevel N % Census% U.S.and Canada Highschooldiplomaorless 1,751 43.8 46.6 Somecollege/university 1,119 28.0 27.2 College/universitygraduateorhigher 1,130 28.2 26.2 Total 4,000 100.0 100.0 TableA.7.MultivariateEffectsofAgeandGender:EQi2.0 Thefollowingtablesummarizestheresultsfromthemultivariateanalysesofcovariance (MANCOVAs)conductedonthecompositescalesandsubscalestoexaminepotentialeffectsof gender,age,ortheinteractionbetweengenderandageoneqi2.0scoresinthenormative sample.wilks lambdarangesfrom0.00to1.00anddepictstheamountofvariancenot explainedbythedemographicvariable.fandpvaluesconveythestatisticalsignificanceofthe demographicvariables.partial 2 valuesprovideaneffectsizefordescribingtheeffectsassmall, medium,orlarge.meaningfuleffectsizes(i.e.,partial 2.01)suggestdifferencesamong participantsbasedonthedemographicvariable. Demographic Wilks Analysis F(df) p Partial 2 Variable Lambda Composite Scales Gender.935 55.56(5,3984) <.001.07 Age.955 9.22(20,13214.383) <.001.01 Gender Age.989 2.16(20,13214.38).002.00 tablecontinuesonnextpage
305 TableA.7.MultivariateEffectsofAgeandGender:EQi2.0(continued) Analysis Subscales Demographic Wilks Variable Lambda F(df) p Partial 2 Gender.842 46.56(15,3970) <.001.16 Age.854 10.03(64,15544.13) <.001.04 Gender Age.973 1.67(64,15544.13).001.01 TableA.8.EffectSizesforGenderandAgeEffectsintheEQi2.0NormativeSample Thefollowingtablesummarizestheeffectsizesfortheeffectsofgender,age,andthegender ageinteractionontheeqi2.0totaleiscore,compositescales,andsubscalesinthenormative sample.meaningfuleffectsizes(i.e., d.20,partial 2.01)suggestdifferencesamong participantsbasedonthedemographicvariable,andthatseparatedemographicnormgroups mayberequired. Gender Age Scale Gender(Cohen s d) Age (partial 2 ) Interaction (partial 2 ) TotalEI 0.03.02.00 SelfPerceptionComposite 0.02.01.00 SelfRegard 0.17.03.00 SelfActualization 0.01.01.00 EmotionalSelfAwareness 0.22.00.00 SelfExpressionComposite 0.01.02.00 EmotionalExpression 0.31.01.00 Assertiveness 0.19.00.00 Independence 0.21.05.00 InterpersonalComposite 0.33.01.00 InterpersonalRelationships 0.18.01.00 Empathy 0.49.01.00 SocialResponsibility 0.13.02.00 DecisionMakingComposite 0.11.02.00 ProblemSolving 0.26.04.00 RealityTesting 0.03.01.00 ImpulseControl 0.03.01.00 StressManagementComposite 0.08.02.00 Flexibility 0.04.01.00 StressTolerance 0.30.01.00 Optimism 0.06.02.00 Happiness 0.04.02.00 Note.N=4,000.PositiveCohen sdvaluesrepresenthigherscoresinmales,negativecohen sd valuesrepresenthigherscoresinfemales.guidelinesforevaluating d are.20=small,.50= medium,.80=large.guidelinesforevaluatingpartial 2 are.01=small,.06=medium,.14= large.
306 TableA.9.GenderDifferencesinEQi2.0Scores ThefollowingtableprovidesEQi2.0meansandstandarddeviationsformalesandfemalesin thenormativesample.fandpvaluesconveythestatisticalsignificanceofgenderdifferences. Scale Male(N=2,000) Female(N=1,996) F(1,3985) p TotalEI M 99.8 100.2 SD 15.2 15.2 0.78.378 SelfPerceptionComposite M 100.1 99.9 SD 15.2 15.2 0.28.598 SelfRegard M 101.3 98.7 SD 15.1 15.1 27.11 <.001 SelfActualization M 100.1 99.9 SD 15.2 15.2 0.14.711 EmotionalSelfAwareness M 98.4 101.7 SD 15.3 15.3 44.28 <.001 SelfExpressionComposite M 100.0 100.0 SD 15.3 15.3 0.02.884 EmotionalExpression M 97.6 102.4 SD 15.2 15.2 93.63 <.001 Assertiveness M 101.4 98.6 SD 15.3 15.3 32.76 <.001 Independence M 101.6 98.5 SD 14.9 14.9 41.62 <.001 InterpersonalComposite M 97.5 102.5 SD 15.1 15.1 101.97 <.001 InterpersonalRelationships M 98.6 101.4 SD 15.3 15.3 31.83 <.001 Empathy M 96.3 103.7 SD 14.9 14.9 232.15 <.001 SocialResponsibility M 99.0 101.0 SD 15.1 15.1 16.18 <.001 DecisionMakingComposite M 100.9 99.1 SD 15.1 15.1 12.41 <.001 ProblemSolving M 102.0 98.1 SD 14.9 14.9 63.84 <.001 RealityTesting M 100.2 99.8 SD 15.3 15.3 0.62.431 ImpulseControl M 99.8 100.2 SD 15.3 15.3 0.85.358 StressManagementComposite M 100.6 99.4 SD 15.2 15.2 6.15.013 Flexibility M 99.7 100.3 SD 15.3 15.3 1.74.188 StressTolerance M 102.2 97.8 SD 15.0 15.0 83.72 <.001 Optimism M 99.5 100.5 SD 15.2 15.2 3.68.055 Happiness M 99.7 100.3 SD 15.2 15.2 1.66.197
307 TableA.10.AgeDifferencesinEQi2.0Scores ThefollowingtableprovidesmeansandstandarddeviationsfortheEQi2.0TotalEIscore, compositescales,andsubscalesforthevariousagegroupsintheeqi2.0normativesample.f andpvaluesconveythestatisticalsignificanceofagedifferences. 18 29 30 39 40 49 50 59 60+ Scale (N=799) (N=799) (N=800) (N=800) (N=799) TotalEI M 97.0 98.6 100.6 101.3 102.5 SD 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 SelfPerception M 98.6 98.4 99.8 100.6 102.6 Composite SD 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 SelfRegard M 97.1 98.1 99.8 101.1 104.0 SD 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 SelfActualization M 99.6 98.6 99.8 100.4 101.7 SD 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 EmotionalSelf M 100.2 99.7 100.0 99.8 100.4 Awareness SD 15.0 15.0 14.9 14.9 14.9 SelfExpression M 96.5 99.7 101.4 101.2 101.2 Composite SD 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 Emotional M 97.9 100.3 100.8 100.5 100.5 Expression SD 14.9 14.9 14.8 14.8 14.9 Assertiveness M 100.4 99.7 99.8 99.5 100.8 SD 15.0 15.0 14.9 14.9 15.0 Independence M 93.9 99.4 102.5 102.6 101.7 SD 14.6 14.6 14.5 14.6 14.6 Interpersonal M 98.3 98.5 99.7 100.9 102.6 Composite SD 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 Interpersonal M 98.4 98.9 100.4 100.9 101.6 Relationships SD 14.9 15.0 14.9 14.9 14.9 Empathy M 99.1 99.1 99.2 100.3 102.2 SD 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 SocialResponsibility M 98.2 98.0 99.7 101.1 103.1 SD 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 DecisionMaking M 96.2 99.0 101.0 101.9 102.0 Composite SD 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 14.8 ProblemSolving M 95.2 98.6 101.8 102.2 102.4 SD 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 RealityTesting M 98.7 98.6 99.9 100.5 102.4 SD 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 ImpulseControl M 97.5 100.4 100.6 101.5 100.0 SD 15.0 15.0 14.9 14.9 15.0 Stress M 97.2 98.6 100.9 101.1 102.3 Management SD Composite 14.9 14.9 14.8 14.8 14.8 Flexibility M 96.9 99.7 101.2 101.3 100.9 SD 15.0 15.0 14.9 14.9 15.0 StressTolerance M 97.6 99.0 101.4 100.5 101.6 SD 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 14.6 Optimism M 98.3 98.0 99.6 101.0 103.2 SD 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 14.9 Happiness M 98.1 98.0 98.9 100.9 104.1 SD 14.9 14.9 14.8 14.9 14.9 F (1,3985) 17.18 10.47 26.50 4.72 0.33 15.41 4.86 1.05 49.70 11.30 6.43 6.92 16.23 21.44 36.17 8.42 8.34 15.38 11.91 10.42 16.43 23.61 p <.001 <.001 <.001.001.861 <.001.001.380 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001 <.001
308 FigureA.1.HistogramofEQi2.0TotalEIStandardScoresintheNormativeSample ThefollowingfigureillustratesthedistributionofEQi2.0TotalEIscoresinthenormative sample.obviousdeviationfromthenormal( bellshaped )curvesuggestsanormalizing transformationshouldbeappliedtoeqi2.0scores. EQi2.0TotalEIStandardScore
309 TableA.11.InternalConsistency:EQi2.0NormativeSample Thefollowingtablesummarizestheinternalconsistency(Cronbach salpha)valuesforthe EQi2.0TotalEIscore,compositescales,andsubscalesintheEQi2.0overallnormativesample andwithingenderbyagesubsamples.alphavaluesrangefrom0.00to1.00withhighervalues supportingthereliabilityoftheeqi2.0. EQi2.0NormativeGroup #of General Male Female items (Total 18 30 40 50 60+ 18 30 40 50 Scale Sample) 29 39 49 59 29 39 49 59 60+ TotalEI 118.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.97.98.97.98 SelfPerception Composite 24.93.93.93.93.92.92.94.93.94.94.93 SelfRegard 8.91.92.91.90.89.86.92.91.92.92.90 SelfActualization 9.88.88.88.88.88.87.90.89.90.88.87 EmotionalSelf Awareness 7.81.79.81.81.80.81.80.80.81.81.80 SelfExpression Composite 23.88.88.88.88.87.86.88.88.88.88.89 EmotionalExpression 8.84.83.85.84.84.82.83.85.82.84.82 Assertiveness 7.77.76.75.75.77.77.78.77.79.78.79 Independence 8.81.82.79.80.75.75.81.82.80.81.82 Interpersonal Composite 23.92.92.92.92.92.93.92.91.93.92.93 Interpersonal Relationships 7.86.87.89.87.86.87.86.86.88.86.87 Empathy 9.88.86.88.87.88.88.87.85.88.86.86 SocialResponsibility 6.80.77.81.78.81.82.80.80.81.80.82 DecisionMaking Composite 24.88.87.88.89.88.88.89.86.87.87.88 ProblemSolving 8.85.83.85.86.85.85.85.84.84.82.85 RealityTesting 9.81.80.80.79.80.84.79.80.83.81.81 ImpulseControl 8.77.79.75.79.74.75.81.75.77.76.77 StressManagement Composite 24.92.90.92.91.91.92.92.91.92.92.92 Flexibility 8.80.78.80.77.78.80.82.83.79.80.82 StressTolerance 8.87.86.84.85.86.89.86.85.86.87.87 Optimism 8.89.88.90.88.89.88.89.89.90.89.89 Happiness 8.92.91.91.91.92.90.90.91.92.93.92 N 4,000 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400 400
310 TableA.12.DemographicCharacteristicsoftheEQi2.0TestRetestSamples ThefollowingtablesummarizesthedemographiccharacteristicsoftheEQi2.0testretest samples.ideally,thesesamplesshouldincluderepresentationfromawiderangeofdemographic groups. 2 4Weeks 8Weeks Demographic N % N % Gender Male 101 49.5 52 49.1 Race/Ethnicity AgeGroup(Years) Female 103 50.5 54 50.9 Black 29 14.2 3 2.8 Hispanic/Latino 13 6.4 2 1.9 White 141 69.1 95 89.6 Other 21 10.3 6 5.7 18 29 23 11.3 11 10.4 30 39 47 23.0 9 8.5 40 49 38 18.6 19 17.9 50 59 41 20.1 35 33.0 60+ 55 27.0 32 30.2 M(SD) 47.7(15.2) 51.4(13.9) Total 204 100.0 106 100.0
311 TableA.13.EQi2.0TestretestCorrelationsandDescriptiveStatistics Thefollowingtablesummarizesthetestretestcorrelationsandtime1andtime2meansand standarddeviationsfortheeqi2.0totaleiscore,compositescales,andsubscalesinthe2 4 weekand8weekretestsamples.correlationsrangefrom0.00to1.00withhighervalues suggestinggreatertestretestreliability. 2 4Weeks 8Weeks Test Time1 Time2 Test Time1 Time2 Scale retestr M SD M SD retestr M SD M SD TotalEI.92 98.3 16.6 98.8 17.4.81 97.1 14.8 98.1 14.8 SelfPerception Composite.90 98.6 15.8 98.7 17.2.80 96.4 16.0 97.3 15.6 SelfRegard.88 98.7 15.9 99.4 16.9.84 98.1 15.3 98.3 15.8 SelfActualization.88 98.6 15.8 98.5 16.8.74 94.4 15.6 95.8 14.8 EmotionalSelfAwareness.82 99.3 15.4 98.7 16.8.72 98.7 15.3 99.5 15.0 SelfExpressionComposite.86 99.3 15.7 99.5 15.9.80 98.9 14.7 98.7 14.4 EmotionalExpression.81 98.1 15.9 98.9 16.2.74 100.7 15.0 100.5 13.6 Assertiveness.80 99.9 14.8 100.1 14.7.75 97.3 14.9 97.5 14.0 Independence.85 100.6 15.5 100.0 16.0.81 99.0 14.0 98.4 15.1 InterpersonalComposite.91 98.1 16.4 98.1 16.1.76 97.2 15.6 98.3 14.7 Interpersonal Relationships.88 98.9 16.1 98.9 15.5.77 97.7 16.5 98.7 15.4 Empathy.89 98.4 16.3 98.4 16.2.72 99.3 15.6 99.9 14.8 SocialResponsibility.86 97.7 16.3 97.8 15.9.77 95.2 15.1 96.6 14.5 DecisionMaking Composite.88 98.7 15.7 99.7 17.1.83 98.2 14.5 99.7 14.7 ProblemSolving.82 98.9 15.9 100.4 16.5.73 98.6 14.9 100.5 14.0 RealityTesting.84 98.7 15.9 98.6 16.3.75 97.6 15.2 99.3 15.7 ImpulseControl.78 99.2 15.2 100.1 16.4.81 99.4 15.4 99.3 14.9 StressManagement Composite.90 98.0 17.2 98.8 17.2.78 97.2 14.2 98.2 14.3 Flexibility.85 97.8 15.4 99.1 16.6.70 99.5 14.7 99.8 14.6 StressTolerance.85 98.9 16.0 99.0 15.7.75 96.7 13.7 97.4 13.5 Optimism.88 98.2 17.2 98.9 17.0.80 97.0 15.2 98.5 15.7 Happiness.88 99.3 15.9 99.3 16.8.84 97.6 17.6 98.3 16.9 Note.2to4weektestretestN=204,timeintervalmean=18.4days(SD=3.2days),range= 14 28days.8weektestretestN=104,timeintervalmean=56.8days(SD=1.3days),range= 54 59days.
312 TableA.14.DifferencesbetweenTime1andTime2EQi2.0StandardScores:2 4 WeekInterval Thefollowingtablesummarizesthedifferencesbetweentime1andtime2scoresfortheEQi2.0 TotalEIscore,compositescales,andsubscalesforthe2 4weektestretestsample.Thefirstset ofresults(%ofrespondents)liststhepercentageofrespondentswhosescoresdecreasedby morethan15points,changedby15pointsorless,orincreasedbymorethan15pointsover time.testreteststabilityissupportedifthemajorityofrespondentsshowchangesof15points orlessovertime.themeanandstandarddeviationofthesedifferencesacrossparticipantsis alsoprovided,alongwiththe95%confidenceinterval(ci),whichillustrateswhetherthe differenceisstatisticallymeaningfulforthesampleasawhole.thatis,iftheciincludeszero betweenthelowerbound(lb)andupperbound(ub),thedifferenceisnotstatistically meaningful. %ofrespondents 95%CI Scale ScoresDecreased MoreThan1SD (15points) ScoresChanged by1sdorless (15points) ScoresIncreased MoreThan1SD (15points) M Diff SD LB UB TotalEI 1.5 97.0 1.5 0.5 6.9 0.1 0.9 SelfPerception Composite 1.5 96.5 2.0 0.1 7.4 0.6 0.8 SelfRegard 1.5 94.5 4.0 0.7 8.0 0.1 1.5 SelfActualization 4.0 93.0 3.0 0.7 8.8 1.5 0.2 EmotionalSelf Awareness 8.5 91.0 3.5 0.6 9.8 1.6 0.3 SelfExpression Composite 2.0 95.0 3.0 0.2 8.4 0.6 1.0 EmotionalExpression 4.0 90.0 6.0 0.9 10.0 0.1 1.9 Assertiveness 4.0 91.5 4.5 0.0 8.1 0.8 0.8 Independence 4.5 93.5 2.0 0.2 9.3 0.7 1.1 Interpersonal Composite 2.5 95.5 2.0 0.0 7.1 0.7 0.7 Interpersonal Relationships 2.5 94.0 3.5 0.0 7.8 0.8 0.7 Empathy 3.5 93.5 3.0 0.0 7.6 0.8 0.7 SocialResponsibility 3.0 94.5 2.5 0.2 8.5 0.7 1.0 DecisionMaking Composite 2.5 92.5 5.0 1.0 8.2 0.2 1.8 ProblemSolving 2.5 92.0 5.5 1.6 9.6 0.6 2.5 RealityTesting 4.5 92.5 3.0 0.1 9.1 1.0 0.8 ImpulseControl 9.5 83.0 7.5 0.8 10.4 0.2 1.9 StressManagement Composite 2.5 94.0 3.5 0.8 7.8 0.1 1.6 Flexibility 2.0 94.5 3.5 1.3 8.8 0.5 2.2 StressTolerance 4.5 91.5 4.0 0.1 8.8 0.8 1.0 Optimism 4.0 91.5 4.5 0.7 8.3 0.1 1.5 Happiness 3.0 95.0 2.0 0.1 8.1 0.9 0.7 Note. N = 204. M Diff = mean difference; CI = confidence interval; LB = lower bound, UB = upper bound.
313 TableA.15.DifferencesbetweenTime1andTime2EQi2.0StandardScores:8Week Interval Thefollowingtablesummarizesthedifferencesbetweentime1andtime2scoresfortheEQi2.0 TotalEIscore,compositescales,andsubscalesforthe8weektestretestsample.Thefirstsetof results(%ofrespondents)liststhepercentageofrespondentswhosescoresdecreasedbymore than15points,changedby15pointsorless,orincreasedbymorethan15pointsovertime. Testreteststabilityissupportedifthemajorityofrespondentsshowchangesof15pointsorless overtime.themeanandstandarddeviationofthesedifferencesacrossparticipantsisalso provided,alongwiththe95%confidenceinterval(ci),whichillustrateswhetherthedifferenceis statisticallymeaningfulforthesampleasawhole.thatis,iftheciincludeszerobetweenthe lowerbound(lb)andupperbound(ub),thedifferenceisnotstatisticallymeaningful. %ofrespondents 95%CI Scale ScoresDecreased Morethan1SD (15Points) ScoresChanged by1sdorless (15Points) ScoresIncreased Morethan1SD (15Points) M Diff SD LB UB TotalEI 2.9 93.2 3.8 1.0 9.1 0.6 1.4 SelfPerception Composite 4.8 91.4 3.8 1.0 10.0 0.0 2.0 SelfRegard 5.8 91.4 2.9 0.3 8.9 0.5 1.2 SelfActualization 4.8 88.5 6.7 0.5 9.0 1.4 0.4 EmotionalSelf Awareness 6.7 84.6 8.7 1.0 11.5 0.2 2.1 SelfExpression Composite 3.8 91.3 4.8 0.3 9.2 1.2 0.7 EmotionalExpression 6.7 86.5 6.7 0.2 10.5 1.2 0.9 Assertiveness 3.8 89.4 6.7 1.3 11.0 0.2 2.3 Independence 4.8 92.3 2.9 0.1 10.4 0.9 1.1 Interpersonal Composite 3.8 90.4 5.8 1.1 10.5 0.0 2.1 Interpersonal Relationships 3.8 90.4 5.8 1.0 10.8 0.1 2.1 Empathy 3.8 91.3 4.8 0.5 11.4 0.6 1.6 SocialResponsibility 3.8 89.4 6.7 1.3 10.0 0.3 2.3 DecisionMaking Composite 1.9 91.3 6.7 1.3 8.6 0.4 2.1 ProblemSolving 5.8 84.6 9.6 1.9 10.8 0.9 3.0 RealityTesting 4.8 84.6 10.6 1.6 11.0 0.5 2.7 ImpulseControl 8.7 86.6 4.8 0.5 9.3 1.4 0.4 StressManagement Composite 3.8 92.3 3.8 1.1 9.4 0.2 2.0 Flexibility 3.8 91.4 4.8 0.5 11.3 0.7 1.6 StressTolerance 1.9 91.3 6.7 0.7 8.9 0.2 1.6 Optimism 3.8 88.5 7.7 1.5 9.9 0.5 2.4 Happiness 3.8 92.3 3.8 0.8 9.8 0.2 1.8 Note.N=104.MDiff=meandifference;CI=confidenceinterval;LB=lowerbound,UB=upper bound.
314 TableA.16.DemographicDistributionsofEQi2.0ExploratoryandConfirmatory NormativeSubsamples Thefollowingtablesummarizesthedemographiccharacteristicsofthesubsamplesofthe EQi2.0normativesample,createdforperformingexploratoryfactoranalysisandconfirmatory factoranalysis.ideally,thetwosamplesshouldshowsimilardemographiccharacteristics. Demographic Gender AgeGroup(Years) ExploratorySample ConfirmatorySample N % N % Male 1,000 50.0 1,000 50.0 Female 1,000 50.0 1,000 50.0 18 29 400 20.0 400 20.0 30 39 400 20.0 400 20.0 40 49 400 20.0 400 20.0 50 59 400 20.0 400 20.0 60+ 400 20.0 400 20.0 Race/Ethnicity EducationLevel M(SD) 44.6(15.0) 44.7(15.2) Black 209 10.5 210 10.5 Hispanic/Latino 216 10.8 217 10.9 White 1,417 70.9 1,417 70.9 Other 158 1.0 156 1.4 HighSchoolorLess 877 43.9 874 43.7 SomeCollege/University 558 27.9 561 28.1 College/UniversityorHigher 565 28.3 565 28.3 GeographicRegion Northeast 314 15.7 341 17.1 U.S. Midwest 409 20.5 384 19.2 South 650 32.5 642 32.1 West 428 21.4 432 21.6 West 22 1.1 32 1.6 Canada Prairies 38 1.9 34 1.7 Central 124 6.2 120 6.0 East 15 0.8 15 0.8 Total 2,000 100.0 2,000 100.0
315 TableA.17.ConfirmatoryFactorAnalysisResultsforEQi2.0 Thefollowingtableprovidesthefitstatisticsgeneratedbytheconfirmatoryfactoranalysesof theeqi2.0.valuesbelow.100forthermseaandabove.900forallotherfitstatisticssuggest thefactorstructurethatemergedfromtheexploratoryfactoranalyseswasindependently replicatedintheconfirmatoryfactoranalysis. FitIndex Overall Composites Model SelfPerception SelfExpression Interpersonal Decision Making Stress Management GFI.955.963.960.942.979.943 AGFI.864.932.931.900.966.912 NFI.966.969.945.940.970.943 NNFI.934.956.929.920.966.931 CFI.967.971.949.943.975.947 RMSEA.152.081.078.096.049.082 Note.N=2,000.GFI=GoodnessofFitIndex(Jöreskog&Sörbom,1986),AGFI=Adjusted GoodnessofFitIndex(Jöreskog&Sörbom,1986),NFI=NormedFitIndex(Bentler&Bonett, 1980),NNFI=NonNormedFitIndex(Bentler&Bonett,1980),CFI=ComparativeFitIndex (Bentler,1990),RMSEA=RootMeanSquareErrorofApproximation(Steiger&Lind,1980). TableA.18.CorrelationsamongEQi2.0CompositeScales ThefollowingtableillustratesthecorrelationsamongtheEQi2.0compositescalesinthe EQi2.0normativesample.Correlationsrangefrom0.00to1.00,withhighervaluessuggesting thescalessharearelevantcommonpsychologicalcharacteristic(i.e.,emotionalintelligence), supportingthefactorstructureoftheeqi2.0. CompositeScale SPCOMP SECOMP ICOMP DMCOMP SMCOMP SPCOMP.SelfPerceptionComposite SECOMP.SelfExpressionComposite.73 ICOMP.InterpersonalComposite.71.55 DMCOMP.DecisionMakingComposite.70.66.50 SMCOMP.StressManagementComposite.78.67.63.73 Note.N=4,000.Allcorrelationssignificantatp<.01.Guidelinesforevaluatingrare.10=small,.30=medium,.50=large.
316 TableA.19.CorrelationsamongEQi2.0Subscales ThefollowingtableillustratesthecorrelationsamongtheEQi2.0subscalesintheEQi2.0 normativesample.correlationsrangefrom0.00to1.00,withhighervaluessuggestingthescales sharearelevantcommonpsychologicalcharacteristic(i.e.,emotionalintelligence),supporting thefactorstructureoftheeqi2.0.shadedcellsportraycorrelationsofsubscaleswithintheir respectivecompositescales. Subscale SR SA ES EE AS IN IR EM RE PS RT IC FL ST OP HA SR.SelfRegard SA.Self Actualization.70 ES.Emotional SelfAwareness.43.55 EE.Emotional Expression.51.47.46 AS. Assertiveness.52.57.45.43 IN. Independence.56.47.24.33.47 IR.Interpersonal.56 Relationships.62.52.59.46.31 EM.Empathy.29.45.64.42.30.10.61 RE.Social Responsibility PS.Problem Solving RT.Reality Testing IC.Impulse Control.47.67.47.42.41.27.61.55.60.54.32.42.45.73.38.20.34.55.69.76.40.55.40.55.58.53.48.30.24.20.18.12.41.15.19.19.51.27 FL.Flexibility.47.44.26.48.26.50.43.27.37.60.32.39 ST.Stress Tolerance.59.65.42.34.49.56.46.32.46.67.61.33.50 OP.Optimism.73.69.48.47.39.36.61.48.57.49.56.26.48.58 HA.Happiness.81.68.43.53.40.40.60.38.52.49.52.24.47.51.81 Note.N=4,000.Allcorrelationssignificantatp<.01.Guidelinesforevaluatingrare.10=small,.30= medium,.50=large.