Κωνσταντίνος Σπύρου Επίκ. Καθηγητής, Τμήμα Ναυπηγών Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών Εθνικό Μετσόβιο Πολυτεχνείο Ηρώων Πολυτεχνείου 9, Ζωγράφου, Αθήνα 15773 Τηλ: 7721418, φαξ: 7721408, email: spyrou@deslab.ntua.gr, Ηλεκτρ. Σελίδα: http://www.deslab.naval.ntua.gr/www/people/cv/spyrou.htm Εκπαίδευση 1987-1991: PhD σε Ναυτική & Θαλάσσια Τεχνολογία (Δυναμική συμπεριφορά πλοίων σε σχέση με τις ελικτικές ικανότητες τους και με έμφαση στην ασφάλεια). Πανεπιστήμιο Strathclyde, UK (σε συνεργασία με το Lloyd s Register of Shipping Λονδίνου). 1978-1984: Δίπλωμα Ναυπηγού Μηχανολόγου Μηχανικού Ε. Μ. Π. 1972-1978: Ιωνίδειος Πρότυπος Σχολή Πειραιά. Σταδιοδρομία Ακαδημαϊκή 1999 μέχρι σήμερα: Τμήμα Ναυπηγών Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών Ε.Μ.Π. Επίκουρος Καθηγητής. 1998 1999: Πανεπιστήμιο Strathclyde, Τμήμα Ναυτικής και Θαλάσσιας Τεχνολογίας, Σκωτία. Επίκουρος Καθηγητής. 1996-1998: Senior Research Fellow, University College London. Υπεύθυνος ομάδας σχετικής με δυναμική συμπεριφορά και ευστάθεια πλοίων. 1994-1996: Science & Technology Agency of Japan. Ερευνητής δυναμικής αστάθειας πλοίων. 1990-1991: Πανεπιστήμιο Strathclyde, Τμήμα Ναυτικής και Θαλάσσιας Τεχνολογίας. Μεταδιδακτορικός ερευνητής σε συμπεριφορά πλοίων και πλωτών εξεδρών σε κύματα. Επαγγελματική 2001- : Εταιρεία Ανάπτυξης Ναυτικής Τεχνολογίας (Ε.Α.Ν.Τ. Α.Ε.). Υπουργείο Ανάπτυξης. Πρόεδρος και Διευθύνων Σύμβουλος. 1991-1993: TROODOS Shipping Co. Ltd. Στέλεχος Διεύθυνσης Στόλου. Επίσης, Συντονιστής Προγραμμάτων Ανάπτυξης & Αναπλ. Διευθυντής Εκπαίδευσης. 1986-1987: Τεχνική Προστασίας Περιβάλλοντος, Πειραιάς. Μηχανικός Ανάπτυξης σε δραστηριότητες που σχετίζονταν με την εφαρμογή της Διεθνούς Σύμβασης MARPOL για την προστασία του θαλασσίου περιβάλλοντος. 1984-1986: Πολεμικό Ναυτικό. 25μηνη θητεία σαν Ναύτης Μηχανικός σε πλοίο. Επιστημονικές εργασίες Ανω των 60 δημοσιεύσεων σε διεθνή επιστημονικά περιοδικά (Η.Π.Α., Ιαπωνία, Μ. Βρετανία, Γερμανία, Ολλανδία κλπ) και σε διεθνή συνέδρια. Συμμετοχή σε 15 χρηματοδοτούμενα διεθνή ερευνητικά προγράμματα. Περιοχές έρευνας: - Μελέτη ελικτικών ικανοτήτων πλοίων, μεθόδοι αξιολόγησης και κριτήρια σχεδίασης. - Φαινόμενα δυναμικής αστάθειας πλοίων σε κύματα και ανέμους. - Σχεδίαση και λειτουργία πλοίων για μεγιστοποίηση της ασφάλειας. - Θεωρία αποφάσεων με πολλαπλά αλληλοσυγκρουόμενα κριτήρια. - Διερεύνηση συμπεριφοράς θαλάσσιων μη-γραμμικών δυναμικών συστημάτων.
Συμμετοχή σε επαγγελματικές ενώσεις Mέλος Τεχνικού Επιμελητηρίου Ελλάδας, UK Engineering Council (C. Eng) και Ευρωπαίος Μηχανικός (Eur.Ing, FEANI). Επίσης μέλος Royal Institution of Naval Architects (UK) (και μέλος της Επιτροπής Μελλοντικής Ανάπτυξης), Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (HΠΑ) και Society of Naval Architects of Japan. Αλλες πληροφορίες Μέλος Διεθνούς Επιστημονικής Επιτροπής: - International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (STAB), Madrid, 2003. - International Research Workshops on Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability and Practical Impact (το πιο πρόσφατο στην Τεργέστη, Σεπτέμβριος 2001). Γραμματέας Επιστημονικής Επιτροπής Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου IMAM (Κρήτη, Μάϊος 2002). Μέλος Διεθνούς Συμβουλευτικής Επιστημονικής Επιτροπής: Διεθνών Συνεδρίων ΜΕΕΤ 2002 και MARIND 2002, (Βάρνα, Βουλγαρία). Guest Editor για τη Βασιλική Ακαδημία Επιστημών του Λονδίνου: Theme Issue The Nonlinear Dynamics of Ships, Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society, A, Royal Society of London, June 1999. Editor-in-Chief of the Engineering Panel για το τεύχος έτους 2001 του επιστημονικού περιοδικού The MCFΑ Annals [ετήσια έκδοση υπό την αιγίδα της Ευρωπαΐκής Επιτροπής με επιλεγμένες ερευνητικές εργασίες μεταδιδακτορικών και διδακτορικών υποτρόφων «Marie-Curie Fellows»]. Co-editor του Βιβλίου: Contemporary ideas on ship stability, Elsevier Publ., Ολλανδία, 2000. Visiting Professor: - Istanbul Technical University, Σχολή Ναυπηγικής και Ωκεάνιας Μηχανικής (Ιανουάριος 2001) - University of Strathclyde Τμήμα Ναυπηγικής, Σκωτία (Φεβρουάριος 2000, Μάρτιος 2001). - Universities of Glasgow & Strathclyde, Τμήμα Ναυπηγικής και Ναυτικής Μηχανολογίας (Απρίλιος 2002). Προσκλήσεις (ανοικτές) - INSEAN (Rome) - ESIM (Grand Ecole, Marseille) Σεμινάρια: - University of Tokyo - University College London - Ship Research Institute (Tokyo) - National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering of Japan Προσωπικά στοιχεία Γεννήθηκα την 18η Ιουνίου 1960 στον Πειραιά. Είμαι έγγαμος με την Ελένη και έχω δύο παιδιά, τη Μαρία-Αλεξάνδρα (11) και το Γιάννη (7). Διεύθυνση κατοικίας: Κονίτσης 14, Α. Ηλιούπολη, 16345, τηλ: 9714657. 2
List of publications In refereed international scientific journals 1. K.J. Spyrou, B. Cotton & B. Gurd (2002) Analytical prediction of capsize boundary for a ship with roll bias. Journal of Ship Research (accepted). 2. R. Tagg, P.Bartzis, A. Papanikolaou, K. Spyrou & M. Lutzen (2002) Updated vertical extent of collision damage, Marine Structures, 15, 475-498. 3. B. Cotton & K.J. Spyrou (2001) An experimental study of nonlinear behaviour in roll and capsize. International Shipbuilding Progress, 48, 1, 5-18. 4. K.J. Spyrou & J.M.T. Thompson (2000) The nonlinear dynamics of ships: A field overview and some recent developments. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Α 358, pp. 1735-1760. 5. K.J. Spyrou (2000) On the parametric rolling of ships in a following sea under simultaneous nonlinear periodic surging. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, Α 358, pp. 1813-1834. 6. K.J.Spyrou & J.M.T. Thompson (2000) Damping coefficients for extreme rolling and capsize: An analytical approach. Journal of Ship Research, 44, 1, 1-13. 7. K.J. Spyrou 2000 The nonlinear dynamics of ships in broaching. MCF Annals, 1, 7 pages (http://www.mariecurie.org/annals/). 8. K.J. Spyrou (2000) Designing against parametric instability in following seas, Ocean Engineering, 27, 625-653. 9. K.J. Spyrou (1999) On course stability and control delay, International Shipbuilding Progress, 46(448), 421-443. 10. K.J. Spyrou (1997) Dynamic instability in quartering seas-part III: Nonlinear effects on periodic motions, Journal of Ship Research, SNAME, USA, 41, No. 3, pp. 210-223. 11 K.J. Spyrou (1996) Dynamic instability in quartering seas-part II: Analysis of ship roll and capsize for broaching, Journal of Ship Research, SNAME, USA, 40, No 4, pp. 326-336. 12. K.J. Spyrou (1996) Homoclinic connections and period doublings of a ship advancing in quartering waves (1996) CHAOS: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, American Institute of Physics (AIP), 6, No. 2, pp. 209-218. 13. K.J. Spyrou (1996) Dynamic instability in quartering seas: The behaviour of a ship during broaching, Journal of Ship Research, SNAME, USA, 40, No. 1, pp. 46-59. 14. K.J. Spyrou (1995) Surf-riding and oscillations of a ship in quartering waves, Journal of Marine Science and Technology, Society of Naval Architects of Japan & Springer-Verlag, 1, No.1, pp. 24-36. 15. K.J. Spyrou (1995) Surf-riding, yaw instability and large heeling of ships in following/quartering waves, Ship Technology Research/Schiffstechnik, Germany, 42, No. 2, pp. 103-112. 16. K.J. Spyrou (1995) Yaw stability of ships in stationary wind, Ship Technology Research/Schiffstechnik, Germany, 42, No. 1, pp. 21-30. 3
17. N. Umeda, M. Hamamoto, Y. Takaishi, Y. Chiba, A. Matsuda, W.Sera, S. Suzuki, K.J. Spyrou, K. Watanabe (1995) Model experiments of ship capsize in astern seas, Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Tokyo, 177, pp. 207-218. 18. K.J. Spyrou (1994) A general model of ship manoeuvrability assessment based on decisions analysis and its practical application, Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Tokyo, 176, 267-280. 19. D. Vassalos & K.J. Spyrou (1991) A new approach to developing ship manoeuvring standards, Transactions, the Royal Institution of Naval Architects, London, 133, 13 pages. Refereed books and scientific monographs 1. K.J Spyrou & J.M.T. Thompson (eds.) (2000) The Nonlinear Dynamics of Ships. Theme Issue. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, Series A, Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences, 358, No 1771, 250 pages, ISSN1364-503X. 2. K.J. Spyrou (2001) New Directions of Ship Stability Research, Joint publication of the Turkish Register of Shipping and the Istanbul Technical University, 85 pages. Member of Editorial Board of Refereed Books Co-editor in: 1. Contemporary Ideas of Ship Stability and Practical Impact, Elsevier Science Publications, December 2000. Chapters in Refereed Books by International Publishers 1. K.J. Spyrou (2000) Geometrical aspects of the broaching-to instability. Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability (Ed. D. Vassalos, M. Hamamoto, A. Papanikolaou & D. Molyneux. Coeditors K. Spyrou, N. Umeda & J. DeKat) Elsevier, Netherlands, 47-56. 2. B. Cotton, J.M.T. Thompson & K.J. Spyrou (2000) Some recent advances in the analysis of ship roll motion Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability (Ed. D. Vassalos, M. Hamamoto, A. Papanikolaou & D. Molyneux. Co-editors K. Spyrou, N. Umeda & J. DeKat) Elsevier, Netherlands, 101-110. 3. K.J. Spyrou (2000) Ship capsize assessment and nonlinear dynamics. Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability, (Ed. D. Vassalos, M. Hamamoto, A. Papanikolaou & D. Molyneux. Coeditors K. Spyrou, N. Umeda & J. DeKat) Elsevier, Netherlands, 111-124. 4. K.J. Spyrou, B. Cotton & J.M.T. Thompson (2000) Nonlinear dynamics of ship rolling in beam-sea and ship design. Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability, (Ed. D. Vassalos, M. Hamamoto, A. Papanikolaou & D. Molyneux. Co-editors K. Spyrou, N. Umeda & J. DeKat) Elsevier, Netherlands, 499-510. 5. K.J. Spyrou (2000) Ship capsize assessment and nonlinear dynamics. Contemporary Ideas on Ship Stability, (Ed. D. Vassalos, M. Hamamoto, A. Papanikolaou & D. Molyneux. Coeditors K. Spyrou, N. Umeda & J. DeKat) Elsevier, Netherlands, 111-124. 6. K.J. Spyrou (1999) Similarities in the yaw and roll behaviour of ships in extreme astern seas. International Union of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM). Recent Developments in Nonlinear Oscillators of Mechanical Systems. Based on the NOMES 99 Symposium at Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Kluwer Academic Publishers (ed. E. Kreuzer), Netherlands, 12 pages. 7. K.J. Spyrou & S.R. Bishop (1997) On the multi-degree, nonlinear dynamics of ship motions with application to the broaching problem. International Union of Theoretical 4
and Applied Mechanics (IUTAM) Symposium on Applications of Nonlinear and Chaotic Dynamics in Mechanics, Cornell University, Ithaca. Kluwer Academic Publishers (ed. F.C. Moon), Netherlands, 8 pages. Written discussions in refereed journals 1. K.J. Spyrou & A.D. Papanikolaou (1999) Discussion of article authored by P.R. Alman, P.V. Minnick, R, Sheinberg, & W.L. Thomas II, with title: Dynamic Capsize Vulnerability: Reducing the Hidden Operational Risk, SNAME Transactions, 2 pages. 2. K.J. Spyrou 1996 Paper by N. Umeda & D. Vassalos, Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Vol 178, May. 3. K.J. Spyrou 1994 Paper by M. Hamamoto, K. Matsuda & Y. Ise. Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Vol. 175, November. 4. Paper by J. De Kat & J.R. Paulling. SNAME Transactions, Vol. 97 (1989). 5. Paper by St. Grochowalski. SNAME Transactions, Vol. 97, (1989). 6. Paper by G. Shark, Y.S. Shin & J.S. Spencer. SNAME Transactions Vol. 97 (1989). Refereed articles in International Conferences 1. K.J. Spyrou, S. Papagiannopoulos & D. Sakkas (2002) Building a rational alternative to the IMO weather criterion. Proceedings, 10 th International Congress of the International Maritime Association of the Mediterranean, Crete, May 14-17, 9 pages. 2. Z. Ayaz, K.J. Spyrou & D. Vassalos (2001) An improved numerical model for the study of controlled ship motions in extreme following and quartering seas. Proceedings IFAC Conference on Control Applications in Marine Systems (CAMS 2001), Glasgow, July 18-20, 10 pages. 3. R. Tagg, P. Bartzis, A. Papanikolaou, K. Spyrou & M. Lutzen (2001) Updated vertical extent of collision damage, International Conference on Ship Collision and Grounding, Danish Technical University, July 1-3. 4. K.J. Spyrou & A. Papanikolaou (2000) Ship design for dynamic stability Proceedings, 7 th International Marine Design Conference, Korea, May 21-24. 5. K.J. Spyrou (2000) A comparison between the yaw and roll dynamics in astern seas and the effect of nonlinear surge on capsize. Proceedings, 7 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Offshore Vehicles, Launceston, Tasmania, 492-502. 6. B. Cotton & K.J. Spyrou (2000) Experimental and theoretical studies of large amplitude ship rolling and capsize. Proceedings, 7 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Offshore Vehicles, Launceston, Tasmania, 640-651. 7. K.J. Spyrou (1997) On the nonlinear dynamics of broaching-to. Proceedings, International Conference on Design for Abnormal Waves, The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, Glasgow, October, 12 pages. 8. K.J. Spyrou (1997) A new method to analyse escape phenomena in multi-degree ship dynamics applied to the broaching problem. Proceedings, International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (STAB 97), Varna, September, pp 83-91. 9. K.J. Spyrou, B.Cotton and J.M.T.Thompson (1997) Developing an interface between the nonlinear dynamics of ship rolling in beam seas and ship design. Proceedings, 6 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (STAB 97), Varna, September, 343-351. 5
10. D. Vassalos, K.J. Spyrou and N. Umeda (1997) Testing the transient capsize diagram. Proceedings, 6 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles (STAB 97), Varna, Bulgaria, September, 333-341. 11. K.J. Spyrou and N. Umeda (1995) From surf-riding to loss of control and capsize: A model of dynamic behaviour of a ship in following/quartering seas. Proceedings, 6 th International Symposium on Practical Design of Ships and Mobile Units, PRADS 95, Seoul, Korea, September, pp. 1494-1505. 12. K.J. Spyrou and D. Vassalos (1994) Nonlinearities in semi-submersible roll behaviour under first and second-order wave excitation. Proceedings, 5 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, STAB 94, Florida,USA, November, 15 pages. 13. D. Vassalos and K.J. Spyrou (1991) Trim-by-the-bow: A dynamical systems approach. Proceedings, 2 nd Joint RINA-Kummerman International Conference on RO-RO Safety and Vulnerability, London, April, 8 pages. 14. D. Vassalos and K.J. Spyrou (1990) An investigation into the combined effects of directional and transverse stabilities on vessel safety, Proceedings, 4 th International Conference on Stability of Ships and Ocean Vehicles, STAB 90, Naples, September, pp. 519-526. 15. K.J. Spyrou & D. Vassalos (1990) Recent advances in the development of ship manoeuvring standards, Proceedings, 2 nd International Conference on Ship Manoeuvrability, MARSIM and ICSM, Society of Naval Architects of Japan, Tokyo, June, 9 pages. 16. K.J. Spyrou and D. Vassalos (1990) A global investigation of directional stability of ships in a wind environment, Proceedings, 5 th International Congress of Marine Technology, IMAEM 90, Athens, May, pp.346-352. Πανεπιστημιακές σημειώσεις (πρωτότυπες) 1. Κ. Ι Σπύρου (2001) Μελέτη και σχεδιάση πλοίων για δυναμική ευστάθεια και ελικτικότητα, Τμήμα Ναυπηγών Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών, 150 σελίδες. 2. Κ. Ι Σπύρου (1999) Αασφάλεια πλοίου έναντι ανατροπής. Σημειώσεις μεταπτυχιακού μαθήματος ΜεταπτυχιPostgraduate course. Τμήμα Ναυπηγών Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών, 210 σελίδες. 3. K. J. Spyrou (1998) Ship manoeuvrability course delivered at the Universities of Strathclyde & Glasgow, UK, 120 pages. Invited contributions to international Workshops 1. K.J. Spyrou, S. Papagiannopoulos & D. Sakkas (2001) Can Melnikov s method provide the rational alternative to IMO s weather criterion?. Proceedings, 5 th International Workshop Stability and Operational Safety of Ships, University of Trieste, Italy, 12-13 September, pp. 4.4.1-4.4.2. 2. K.J. Spyrou (2001) Exact analytical solutions for asymmetric surging and surf-riding. Proceedings, 5 th International Workshop Stability and Operational Safety of Ships, University of Trieste, Italy, 12-13 September, pp. 4.4.3-4.4.5. 3. K.J. Spyrou (1998) Ship capsize assessment and nonlinear dynamics. Proceedings, 4 th International Workshop on Theoretical Advances in Ship Stability and Practical Impact, St John s, Newfoundland, Canada, 8 pages. 4. K.J. Spyrou (1997) The role of Mathieu s equation in the horizontal and transverse motions of ships in waves: Inspiring analogies and new perspectives. Proceedings, 3 rd 6
International Workshop on Theoretical Advances in Ship Stability and Practical Impact, Heraklion, Crete, October, 14 pages. 5. B. Cotton, J.M.T. Thompson and K.J. Spyrou (1997) Some recent advances in the analysis of ship roll motion. Proceedings, 3 rd International Workshop on Theoretical Advances in Ship Stability and Practical Impact, Heraklion, Crete, October, 8 pages. 6. K.J. Spyrou, B. Cotton and J.M.T. Thompson (1997) Developing an interface between the nonlinear dynamics of ship rolling in beam seas and ship design. Proceedings, 3 rd International Workshop on Theoretical Advances in Ship Stability and Practical Impact, Heraklion, Crete, October. 7. K.J. Spyrou (1996) Geometrical aspects of broaching-to instability. Proceedings, 2 nd International Workshop on Stability and Operational Safety of Ships, Osaka, Japan, November, pp. 1-9. Local Symposia 1. K.J. Spyrou (2000) The nonlinear dynamics of ship motions. Proceedings 1 st Interdisciplinary Conference on Nonlinear Systems, National Technical University of Athens, 8 pages. 2. Κ.J. Spyrou (1997) Quality as a management method: The example of Japan. Proceedings, Quality in Shipping Conference. Piraeus, 8 pages (in Greek). Articles in professional journals 1. A.D. Papanikolaou, K.J. Spyrou & E. Boulougouris (2000) Avoiding dangerous onboard situations in extreme weather conditions. Journal THE NAVAL ARCHITECT, The Royal Institution of Naval Architects, June, pp. 34-35. 2. K.J. Spyrou (1996) Elements of the shipbuilding industry of Japan: Myth and reality. Bulletin of the Hellenic Institute of Marine Technology, May, pp. 1-4 (in Greek). 3. K.J. Spyrou (1995) Shaken Views. Bulletin of the Science and Technology Agency of Japan, April, Vol.4 No, 2, pp. 13-13. Internal reports (selected) Contributions to the Japanese Marine Dynamics Committee Other 1. K.J. Spyrou (1995) Surf-riding and yaw/roll instability in quartering waves, Ship Research Institute, Tokyo, February, 4 pages. 2. K.J. Spyrou (1994) Analysis of the dynamic behaviour of a ship in quartering waves, IHI, Yokohama, October, 4 pages. 1. K.J. Spyrou (1999) Nonlinear dynamics of ship capsize in astern seas. Final TMR report, European Commission, DG XII, 20 pages. 2. A.D. Papanikolaou, K.J. Spyrou & E. Boulougouris (1999) Improved guidance to the master for avoiding dangerous situations in extreme weather conditions. RINA Safer Ship competition (joint 1 st prize winner), 23 pages. 3. J.M.T. Thompson, B. Cotton, K.J. Spyrou, J. De Souza & S.R. Bishop (1998) The nonlinear dynamics of ship roll and capsize, Final Report to the Ministry of Defence, Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics, University College London, March, 127 pages. 7
4. K.J. Spyrou & J.M.T. Thompson (1998) Characterisation of roll decay from extreme angles, Technical Report, Centre for Nonlinear Dynamics, University College London, March, 14 pages. 5. D. Vassalos, K.J. Spyrou & N. Umeda (1994) Captive model test of a purse-seiner model in regular astern seas, Technical Report, National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering, Japan. 6. K.J. Spyrou (1992) The environmental tanker: where things go?, report AMT/2, Troodos Shipping, Piraeus, May, 6 pages. 7. K.J. Spyrou (1992) Analysis of S/T Eternity s sea trial, report AMT/1.3, Troodos Shipping, Piraeus, May, 24 pages. 8. K.J. Spyrou (1991) Analytic calculation of restoring for a semi-submersible GVA-4000 in calm sea and in waves, University of Strathclyde, Dep t. of Ship and Marine Technology, July, 8 pages. 9. K.J. Spyrou (1991) Nonlinear wave effects on the assessment of semi-submersible stability, S.E.R.C report, ref no. GR/E/63261, University of Strathclyde, Dep t. of Ship and Marine Technology, May. 10. D. Vassalos and K.J. Spyrou (1990) An interactive simulator for remotely operated vehicles, Report to Mobil Offshore Limited, University of Strathclyde, Dep t. of Ship and Marine Technology, Glasgow, December. 11. K.J. Spyrou and D. Vassalos (1989) The development of standards for ship manoeuvrability Report to Lloyd s Register of Shipping, University of Strathclyde, Dep t. of Ship and Marine Technology, September. 8