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1 1998; 16 (2) Ch inese Journal of Parasito logy and Parasitic D iseases ,, : (A PC) (M HC) g, CD 4 + T, ;, M HC g, CD 8 + T (CTL ) T,,,,,,,,, CTL, DNA DNA, RNA RNA [ 1 ],, W o lff [ 2 ],, (CA T ) (L uciferase) Β- DNA RNA,,,,, 2,, 1992 T ang [ 3 ] DNA Α12 DNA, 1993 U lm er [ 4 ], W HO, [ 5 ] 2,,, DNA, 2. 1,, R SV CM V SV 40 SV 40,,

2 134 CM V R SV, R SV SV 40, PyCSP [ 6 ], DNA BALB gc, CM V R SV DNA 4, 2. 2,,, PyCSP DNA PyH EP DNA 2. 3, 5 3,,, DNA,, DNA, H 22 (gene gun), 014, PyCSP Λg DNA [ 7 ], DNA, PyCSP,,,, PyCSP W eb ster [ 8 ] PyCS PDNA T DNA, PyCSP DNA,,, 3, 3. 1 Hoffm an [ 9, 10 ] CM V, (PyCSP), BALB gc, 100 Λg, 3 w k, 2-3, CD 8 +, (CTL ), CTL M HC,,, PyCSP DNA CTL 83% 3, Xu L iew [ 11 ] CM V 40 Λg PyCSP DNA gp Λg, DNA BALB gc,, 100 Λg,, 17 kd a (PyH EP) cdna 40 d,, PCR, 5 4 W estern b lo t gp 63, CD 21,

3 gp 63, 40 d,,, IL 22 IL 24 IFN 2Χ, IL 22 IFN 2Χ, IL 24,, T h1 40 d, DNA 3. 3 W aine [ 1 ] (ADCC), T h,, Yang [ 12 ] (param yo sin, S j 97 kd a), ,,, 1993 U lm er [ 4 ], (N P) cdna SV 40 CM V, N P, N P, DNA CTL, 50%, N P DNA. DNA [ 13 ] W halen [ 14 ] HB sa g CM V DNA,, HBV HB sa g L agging [ 15 ] (HCV ), HCV 21, DNA BALB gc,,, CTL Yokoyam a [ 16 ] CM V,,, CTL, M HC X iang [ 17 ] G SV 40 CM V,, DNA, O sterrieder [ 18 ] DNA gp 14 pcdna DNA, DNA, 3 pr SV CA T DNA,, DNA, g (gg ) DNA,, DNA [ 19 ] 135 L ow rie [ 20 ] CM V (h sp 65) DNA,

4 136 DNA BALB gc CTL, 5 RNA W o lff [ 2 ] RNA, U lm er [ 4 ] m RNA, CTL, RNA RNA,,,, RNA DNA,, 6 DNA,, [ 4, 13 ], M HCg,, CD 8 + T, T, M HC g, CD 4 + T, B, Ju stew icz [ 21 ] DNA CD 4 + T,,, 7 [22 ],,. ;, ;, DNA ; DNA W o lff [ 23 ] 1 880, DNA, DNA, DNA,, RNA, RNA DNA,,, 8 :, ;, ;, g g M HC,, CD 4 + CTL ; ; DNA, DNA,, ;,, ; ; DNA,, DNA ;

5 1998; 16 (2) 137 Ch inese Journal of Parasito logy and Parasitic D iseases W aine GJ and M cm anus D P. N ucleic acids: vaccines of the future. Parasito logy Today 1995; W o lff JA, M alone RW, W illiam s P et al. D irect gene transfer into m uscle in v ivo. Science 1990; T ang DC, D ev it M and Johnston SA. Genetic imm u2 nization is a simp le m ethod fo r eliciting an imm une re2 sponse. N ature 1992; U lm er JB, Donnelly JJ, Paker SE, et al. H etero logous p ro tection against influenza by injection of DNA en2 coding a viral p ro tein. Science 1993; Schodel F, A guado M T and L am bert PH. Introduction nucleic acid vaccines,w HO, Geneva. V accine 1994; D avis HL,W halen RG and D em eneix BA. D irect gene transfer into skeletalm uscle into vivo: facto rs effecting efficiency of transfer and stability of exp ression. H um Gene T her 1993; Fynan EF, W ebster RG, Fuller DH, et al. DNA vac2 cines: p ro tective imm unizations by parenteral, m uco sal and gene2gun inoculations. P roc N atl A cad Sci U SA 1993; W ebster RG, Fynan EF, Santo ro JC, et al. P ro tection on ferrets against influenza challenge w ith a DNA vac2 cine to the haem agglutinin. V accine 1994; Hoffm an SJ, Doo lan DL, Sedegah M, et al. N ucleic acid m alaria vaccines: Current Status and Po tential. A nn N ew Yo rk A cad Sci 1995; Sedegah M R, H edstrom R, Hobart P, et al. P ro tection against m alaria by imm unization w ith p lasm id DNA encoding circum spo rozo ite p ro tein. P roc N atl Sci U SA 1994; Xu D and L iew FY. P ro tection against leishm aniasis by infection of DNA encoding a m ajo r surface glyco2 p ro tein, gp63, of L. m ajor. Imm uno logy 1995; Yang W, W aine GJ and M cm anus D P. A ntibodies to S chistosom a jap onicum (A sian bloodfluke) Param yo sin Induced by N ucleic A cid V accination. B iochem B iophys Res Comm un 1995; Robinson HL, H unt LA and W ebster RG. P ro tection against a lethal influenza virus challenge by imm uniza2 tion w ith a haem agglutinin2exp ressing p lasm id DNA. V accine 1993; W halen RG and D avis HL. DNA 2m ediated imm uniza2 tion and the energetic imm une response to hepatitis B surface antigen. C lin Imm uno l Imm unopatho l 1995; L agging LM, M eyer K, Hoft D, et al. Imm une re2 sponses to p lasm id DNA encoding the hepatitis C virus co re p ro tein. J V iro l 1995; Yokoyam a M, Zhang J, W h itton JL. DNA imm uniza2 tion confers p ro tection against lethal lymphocytic cho riom eningitis virus infection. J V iro l 1995; X iang ZQ, Sp italnik S, T ran M, et al. Imm une re2 sponses to nucleic acid vaccine to rabies virus. V iro lo2 gy 1995; O sterrieder N,W agner R, B randm uller C, et al. P ro2 tection against EHV 21 challenge infection in the m urine model after vaccination w ith various fo rm ula2 tions of recom binant glycop ro tein gp14 (gb ). V iro logy 1995; Cox GJM, Zam b TJ, Babiuk LA. Bovine herpesvirus 1 imm une responses in m ice and cattle injected w ith p lasm id DNA. J V iro l 1993; L ow rie DB, T ascon RE, Co lston M J, et al. Tow ards a DNA vaccine against tuberculo sis. V accine 1994; Justew icz DM,M o rin M J, Robinson HL, et al. A nti2 body2fo rm ing cell response to virus challenge in m ice imm unized w ith DNA encoding the influenza virus hem agglutinin. J V iro l 1995; Robertson JS. Safety considerations fo r nucleic acid vaccines. V accine 1994; W o lff JA, L udtke JJ, A csadi G et al. L ong2term per2 sistence of p lasm id DNA and fo reign gene exp ression in mouse m uscle. H um M o l Genet 1992; ( : ) , 1, 4 3, 5 3 d 4 d 7 d g 2 d 3 d,, 30 m l1 2, d- 27 d, 4, 5, , 60 ggl ggl 1 1,,,, ( : )

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