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1 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 1

2 100 Mb/s Lock O/E Energy monitoring IP Mb/s Real Estate services Laundry booking Set Top Box 2x20 Mb/s Alarm Ethernet 2x5 Mb/s TV-channels + VoD services Home station DVR Interactive Gaming Video- Conference Computers Telephone TV HDTV Triple Play 2

3 %& #%(%(!,,$("$(" -.,#,-.%/-%/ & "-,, "- 0 "$("$( 0 '01 -!"#" "!#!##! 2&1 (,,'#& )###,#3 Data Rate, Mbps VDSL ADSL2+ ADSL Shannon s information theorem (S/N-limited, here: crosstalk) ADSL2 1 Km 2 Km 3 Km 4 Km 5 Km 6 Km Length, Km Source: Ericsson 3

4 "#$% ( # &, #, #,## &45 $("5&,6789:,5#&,6;< 89:#, & -%/&#9!# Head end fiber Remote node coax %! &# ##, tap amplifiers 4

5 &'(&!) " ## &*+,- OLT. $$$ $ $$ $-$$ ONT FTTH & ONT FTTB ONU NT FTTC ONU NT FTTCab!"# FTTH : Fiber To The Home FTTC : Fiber To The Curb FTTB : Fiber To The Building FTTCab : Fiber To The Cabinet Later Soon Later Soon "5 # ", ")##5,! ## =4& #, 3 5

6 .. (,5##:##,! & (,5##:##,! >& -( &# 6

7 (,5###:! >& # # "%, %2 $ Downstream Traffic Upstream Traffic Passive Devices ODN 7

8 */" *"0 $, %"%,## 2, 2,!#"% 2#2, $,#!2,! # Need of a channel separation mechanism to fairly share bandwidth resources TDMA Time Division Multiple Access WDMA Wavelength Division Multiple Access 1 (#:# 2&!!6? "#,#55 ",## 1,,# %&# )#,#, %$4, *1,')5*A+ ##'#,# B#0$4##0+ ".### *1,-5"=*%5=B%**%5(.$0C 8

9 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 9

10 -#- ', %# $,"% 2 2,2 "%? # #&## OLT ODN Passive Splitter ONU ONU ONU &$ (#( # %2/345"&(") DE #>?@<,>;F<,,&#, B%2+@76'#( G0 D:.E 1% (+*) 948* & " 6768* STD SMF ZWP SMF 6448*.1#12(*) 10

11 &$* -# * 6:;8* 6448* " <7#)', G,# " <?#)', -,# ><.>H',,!,&#!*$ >77<, 11

12 #(#) (,!. -! (,# 2#>?><, $ ) $##$ ) 1 # ",# 2#>77<,>?><, λ λ () B## +#!.66#), (&λi F7<, B+ &λi >?><'>77<, ##$ 9!.?<#),,!&1###+' B## 12

13 - <0 0 & "0& % % # >?><, 2,>?><, $,>;J<, % * $ * B $ ) *<< $,&##2 0! 2&#&,!### OLT Passive Splitter ONU ONU ONU 13

14 *<<"0 "%#&#, %,$1%$, %,!&, µ, OLT Passive Splitter A B C *&*, *2&, (,. K2,,', OLT 1 km 7 km 3 km C A B 14

15 % *<< 2,, 21##! -,!', OLT Passive Splitter ONU ONU ONU % *<<"06+: #,, -.#,-('-$ 2# ## &', +#%$5-$5 Collision!! A OLT Passive Splitter B C 15

16 % *<<"05+: B5##%,$ 1%$, 2,,#, OLT Passive Splitter A C B % *<<"07+: %!!5#,& #,& +#, # &,2 OLT 2 1 Passive Splitter A 10 km B C 2 km 16

17 % *<<"0:+: ###&,,,#&,# 2#"%##,,,,&,# &2# # OLT Passive Splitter A 2 10 km B C 1 2 km % *&*, %"%&,# & # &!, )#=,1 K"% (<.># OLT Passive Splitter 1 km 7 km 3 km C A B 17

18 0 1,,$ $ &%L#!&=L -# && ( >?><, >;J<'>77<, $"#, - <H7#) <<FF#) <7 #)', <?#)', ". <>7#) <<@H#) <; #)', <6#)', " >16( >1( *!,!5 ##! " (>16 -?H#) ".?;#) 18

19 " + <0 4-stage 8x8 3-stage 8x8 * 2 MB "%$ )M$ %L <#), > #), =L(!.66 #),.?<#), % *(=6768*) 0>78 *(=6:;8*) 0>55 19

20 . /###! = #!# 2,!,!#%/ =4####. (## B### 2B#!# -,## /####,,! '&,,&."0? # >77<, #&#.4#&# %#,&#!*$ "% OLT video EDFA Passive Splitter ONU video ONU ONU video video 20

21 ,&.$"0 &!, ()( ()(!NF, & &I # # 5#&5,# ###I%/ B5 0< 56 (=6768*) % * -() -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/??/: 66/6 6:/9 69/4 55/5 54/; / < () 78 53/7 55/3 69/; 64/5 66/4?/9 :/6 */ (*) 38/8 45/3 :4/5 7?/9 78/: 57/8 64/3 9/5 Each split costs 7.4 km (12.3%) 21

22 * -(/) -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/??/: 66/6 6:/9 69/4 55/5 54/; / < () 57 6;/7 64/3 66/; 9/5 :/4 8/9 5/; */ (*)?3/? 3:/7 45/8 7;/? 5?/7 64/8 5/? 8/8 Each split costs 12.3 km (14.7%),&. -() -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/??/: 66/6 6:/9 69/4 55/5 54/; / < () 56 6?/7 67/3 ;/; 3/5 5/4 6/5 :/; */ (*)?8/8 4?/? :4/7 77/8 58/? 9/7 8/8 8/8 Each split costs 12.3 km (16.1%) 22

23 - Maximum ONU Distance [km] Coonventional ODN Number of ONUs (split) Upstream Downstream RF Video % * -(#) -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/: 3/9 68/5 67/3 6? 58/: 57/9 / < () 78 53/3 57/5 6;/9 63/: 67 ;/3 3/5 */ (*)?4/8 33/4 49/8 :;/4 :6/8 75/4 5:/8 64/4 Each split costs 8.5 km (11.3%) 23

24 * -(#) -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/: 3/9 68/5 67/3 6? 58/: 57/9 / < () */ (*) Each split costs 17 km (14.8%),&. -(#) -#!&# " 6 5 : : 659 */ 0 () 8 7/: 3/9 68/5 67/3 6? 58/: 57/9 / < () 56 6?/3 6:/5 68/9?/: :/8 8/3 5/9 */ (*) ?6 4: 7? Each split costs 17 km (16.2%) 24

25 ## - Maximum ONU Distance [km] Low loss ODN Number of ONUs (split) Upstream Downstream RF Video,+",* * 2&#* - *- 4 B%2.%+HJ7 =#(,-# "&,#! 2 77#) $,#! B P,#!, B,, B>?6K><, >>@,K6<, 25

26 1 km 10 km x32 Fiber: 0.3dB/km Splitter: 3dB/split 10 km 1 km a) b) x32 0@ 1 km 10 km No difference at all x32 10 km 1 km a) b) <?#)M>7#)M?#)Q>F?#)?#)M>7#)M<?#)Q>F?#) x32 26

27 1 km 5 km 5 km x2 x16 Fiber: 0.3dB/km Splitter: 3dB/split 1 km 10 km 1 km x32 a) b) 6 km 0@ 1 km x2 10 km 5 km 50 km 5 km x16 x32 55 km 1 km a) b) Q>F?#) Q<?#)M?#)M>7#)Q>F?#) Q>F?#) Q?#)M>7#)M>@7#)Q?;7#) 27

28 0 / 0#.$= H<, 7F'?<, # & "**-!!,#&,2,1#&,"% 2,&#,# :#&!"% %$.,#'&, ><.6<,A>@.?6 (###&!"! $,#2,,, 2,+$, =, 28

29 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # "A 29

30 " Working Groups Standards Bodies Standards ( ( + B %,, 2B%2.% 1998/2001 ') +JF? Propose standards Ratify standards JF; * * B&* A* *B*** 2004 * F<6? &" *$" 30

1& $1B *., 5-5*5*5 *1,5B&5B5%%55 %1B,5C *!!& (*## &##B***F<6?% "* " "A!**" <<.. 0!" B%2+JF? 7?! -& >6+' #,R @66 ', % % 6<.?<#)?

31 1& $1B *., 5-5*5*5 *1,5B&5B5%%55 %1B,5C *!!& (*## &##B***F<6?% "* " "A!**" <<.. 0!" B%2+JF? 7?! -& >6+' ', % % 6<.?<#)?6 ) >77<,!= B***F<6 >7>F! (!,,>67 +' * /B 6>.6@.#) >@, * B%2+JF; 7?>7>F! -& 6; + #, 6; +, %5 *%$ %5/B%$ *= B +, ><.6<, ><.6<, 6<, 31

32 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 32

33 ( ) %&###% B& $,-K>77@66 2,-K>77 B## & $)##/#/#,#( %( %%#!3 -* %! )# 1= (= %, 2, $, +@76(%$( -)><.67#) -->7.?<#) 6<, >@?6 ( >?><, >77<, ( $ $ >?><, >?><, 33

34 ("0&) OLT Voice, Video & Data Downstream 1550 nm Upstream 1310 nm Upstream Downstream 1310 nm 1550 nm Voice and Data Optical Coupler Voice, Video and Data 100 nm 100 nm Optical Splitter 1x32 Or Cascade Video (l) ONU Data POTS (AAL5) (AAL1,2) *&*" )#(%.>>77 *&, >7<µ, &7?) %&, <Jµ, *, #%!"!A, " *!6F"# 34

35 *# $," & ##&# 5 &,!:5 5 5 #,!#&;F! -6H *5# >,% * # * 2 &#,%#!###, *%>6.##&# #,;<J@%# 35

36 % *&*" *&, >7<µ 7?!&%"?!% %?#! ;&0* &,2 * &#&!:#,#! *&###&, % *# 2,"!,5, #, 2," $&#!"%& 2,,>"!><<, % *# 36

37 % *<<"0 -##,#,, )&,4 >7<µ (!:##,&, %"%5!,&5 2,&,4 #,&, %#,&,&2,, Q $+ "+ $#S(+ C % *,C %###S&,#,&,,&,&2 %"%###S&2 &#, #&,&2 37

38 ,00 %"%,,=%%&25## 4:#!,&, "#& 2,,4:#!, 4# OLT Passive Splitter 20 km 20 km ONU ONU 20 km ONU,00 "%#!" #&2 5"%#5 4:#!#,,&, 25#T, 38

39 $,)## ###!,!#! "%#2I 2,)## ###!,,&2I 45 #!,##, #&# #!,##3 39

40 () ),5##1 & B# +JF?> $&#B%2.%+JF??6<<> ( $,>775@66A>6;; 2,>77A@66 $& ### # &#,##5 #!,,##+JF?;,, -* %! )# 1= (= %, +@76(%$( -7. 6<#) -)><.67#) -->7.?<#) 6<, >@?6 ( 40

1550 nm Voice and Data 42 MHz Analog TV Optical Splitter Video 100 nm 20 nm 10 nm

41 0 APON BPON Water Peak OLT Voice & Data Downstream 1490 nm Upstream 1310 nm Upstream Downstream 1310 nm 1490 nm 1550 nm Voice and Data Optical Coupler Video 1550 nm Voice and Data 42 MHz Analog TV Optical Splitter Video 100 nm 20 nm 10 nm EDFA 550 MHz 860 MHz Digital TV 1x32 Or Cascade Video (l) HD/VOD ONU Data POTS (AAL5) (AAL1,2) 41

42 &* -* ( ) $)!2#!,!4,##5#,#"% ###! % % % % GRANTS " -* < "% )#&$), &(= #,5(= 42

43 *() *!#&,## =&4# # &# %.-%!%& # #'4#%.-% %.-%!DE!% ", 0(",) "%,&,&%.-% #&#,&, =,,%# &%.-% 1,5"%:&!###!,,& &#&,&%.-%5# ##4&, %###&%.-% B-=*(*$&!:# #$*-=*(*$ 43

44 ", 0(",)6+7 (=.2 1!"%& (,&2 #%.-%,! 4&%.-% &5,,&&,, ##,& +!"% ###S 44&&#2# 4, ", 0(",)5+7 02:###S52 &&,, ###S %, 4&!%.-%.##-=-.F 44

45 ", 0(",)7+7 (=.2 4& %.-% 4#!"% %4,&, & &# %.-% & )#&# &, )#,(( $&%= 5# & (,,' TR Feeder Section Drop Section Passive Splitter TR TR TR 45

46 * OLT TR TR TR TR TR - 6D6 <# -.& =##&# =##"% ONU-1 ONU-2 ONU-n OLT TR TR TR TR TR TR TR TR ONU-1 ONU-2-6D6 < ONU-n #1 =##&## # =##!"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 46

47 /7/ *###:#!B***F<6?* 6<<>5&#6<<; IEEE802.3 Ethernet MAC layer Physical layer IEEE802.4 Token bus MAC layer Physical layer IEEE802.2 logical link control IEEE802.1 bridging IEEE802.5 Token ring MAC layer Physical layer IEEE802.6 MAN MAC layer Physical layer 10Mb/s 100Mb/s 1Gb/s 10Gb/s IEEE wireless MAC layer Physical layer 802.3ah EFM Layer 2: data link layer Layer 1: physical layer 47

48 1(1) #*# *&, (&: (,) 1,, >+ 1,, ><,."$K25,#!# 6<,$ )."$K2 $ &&# 1<0 ONU ONU ONU OLT ONU OLT ONU ONU (1) Tree Topology (2) Ring Topology ONU ONU ONU OLT ONU OLT ONU ONU ONU ONU ONU ONU (3) Tree with Redundant Trunk (4) Bus Topology 48

49 *<< (,#,#, ##!"%##!#2 % *<< 2!:#,,,& -:#, "%2&, (* 49

50 111985* B***F<6,# # #, (.#,#! &,#",B***F<6, 2,,# #!&# > (*,..! "&&#,# 6 # (*,..! #& #0 0-1*(#1) #,, $ "%* & %1*-5 "%*,#-! *,*&, ""B#&""B$ =6!&F&*, 50

51 ""B$ *#"%#2.. 2 &&,!#""B$ 2""B$ 2##&# =#!2 *1#,#&3 () *-!, # -.- +%* =*+B(%*= =*+B(%*=S=*U2*(% =*+B(%*=S-8 =*=% 51

52 < $!# $!#2 # #.#!#-##&2 +%*5=*+B(%*=5=*+B(%*=S=*U2*(%5 =*+B(%*=S-8 )##, #,# 2 +%*5=*=% -(6+3) "%:5&,!:#2 #, "%#:D#!E +%*, #,&:# 52

53 -(5+3)!.:#2 #, 0#2,&:52, =*+B(%*=S=*U, 0"%=*+B(%*=S=*U&,. :#25-####., -(7+3) 53

54 -(:+3) %"%#=*+B(%*=, ""B$""B$ -(4+3) %"%#+%*,& ""B$ 54

55 -(3+3) %2#!# =*+B(%*=S-8, -"**- 55

56 0* %"%#+%*, ##,, &&, 2 #=*=%,4, EF*G"0 %+%*,2,,!,&## 95*&,,#,! 56

57 E"*G"0 %+%*, (%,5 # =4,,, &>@! "-A )"%#2?6.,!>@ %#,, -,,,&# 02-,5 #,,&#, "D!:#E "% 57

58 ,00 0#,-,5,,,&# 2&& RTT = T 2 - T 1,1,0 =*=% #2 =*=%,,! 4 $) =*=%,#,,!= %"%, =*=%, #=*=% ## =*=%,##! 58

59 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 2 59

60 &*20(2) )B (&##+ * B&&#"7 9&&## &% =!&!#!% 2"A % 2/;9:/6 2/;9:/5 2/;9:/7 2B* (2) 2-#- / (- ()- <) 2- / (*0- <) / 5887 / 5887 &/ 588: 60

61 2/;9:/6",B* * - #0 0!/58**!/68*!/38*!/3: -- *$6:98H 6488* % *$6538H 6738* 0 6/542+-**0(5/:2+)/ -** * I ( I2/;95 ) * 0(6448H 6438*)*- 2/;9:/5-,B* * < *0 " / 6/5::2+5/:992+-** -**644/45+355/8:+ * % 68*$<&&1 % 58*$<&&1(&1 0&) # D( *-) :-(644/45+)I9-(355/89+) 65-(6/5::2+)I5:-(5/:992+) 61

62 2/;9:/7*0() %%#!%&, #!"%,1&!&&,&# Layer 5 or higher Layer 4 Layer 3 Layer 2 Layer 1 ATM service ATM AAL T1/E1 TDM Other services POTS ATM frame Generic frame G.983 base G.707 base GPON TC (GTC) frame PON-PHY VoIP Data TCP+UDP etc. IP Ethernet Video!0* %.-%!) # #'/'/- 62

63 21 (21) +*#"&! %$#&&1##. (,+,#+ # ($9'(*% "&& #!## 1#!# &,4 -( 0,#,:#&##&!1 &! B,*! &&,+* # % 2#&!&.## +*5-5*(-5-5#$/#)#$/) (,&F)'><)!,,# &,&,&# 63

64 2(2)&* 1#&,#>67 %%#+*, 2##,$( A,2( 2&, ## % *"0 $,&,#,#&,& 2&!,,##@;8>!K>67 2,&,!:##, 64

65 *&*"6+7 B&!-)$,-)$ %7?! +* *&*"5+7 %)-$! (!:&##!2 2,)##, 65

66 *&*"7+7 *,#& B##%.-% (%,#(%,1#!#,# )5,&!##! &&4:#! *&*" 66

67 % *&*"6+7 *&,,&,,2!&#!"! " " $!,)##= % *&*"5+7,##,# #&,"% %,# 67

68 % *#* ).?!, F! >6+,>6! 6;+,6;! = )Q,Q,1, +Q,1#,Q, +Q&## % *&*"7+7 %,&,!##! %5 +*&, $) 68

69 , "**- 69

70 "**- - < "A * <* * (+) 0(µ*) 0 *!0< % * " &" +% +JF? 643I355I 6/52(*) * 2 20 &" +% +JF; 21 ( - ) 6/52I5/:2I 643( *)I 355( *) 6/7+6/4 & ( II) & /542 (62< 0) J< :,+" *< ) -) * -L6< +) - * -L>< +) -- $ & ## +) - 7.6<#) -) ><.67#) -- >7.?<#) * -L>< 7.6<#) -L6< ><.6;#),&?6.!>H#) >@.!>;#) F.!>>#) ;.! F#) 1#5 ;#) "<7#)', (*) 70

71 *1<<- Mb/ s EPO N GPO N BPO N scheduling OH : frame delinea tion scheduling OH : PHY burst OH scheduling OH : control messages payload encapulation OH line coding payload K* BPON GPON EPON min. 4 bits Guard min ns Guard 24 bits typ. 12 bits min ns typ ns typ. 16.0ns Preamble Delimiter max. 400 ns Laser turn on time typ. 8 bits Preamble Delimiter max. 400 ns AGC, CDR setting time Data Data Data EPON costs about ~10% the cost of BPON/GPON Data max. 400ns Laser turn off time AGC: Automatic Gain Control; CDR: Clock and Data Recovery Laser turn on time overlaps the laser turn off time of the previous burst 71

72 !"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 72

73 & (#( # B%2+@76( (%$ DE #>?@<,>;F<,,&#, %2345+"&(L ) D:.E 1% (+*) 948* & " 6768* STD SMF ZWP SMF 6448*.1#12(*) ( ) 2>F>6H>.>@>>,56<, -,55, ## =,#! 73

74 - 020( 2) 0+#!#,!. 0$!,,1'#,1 ##'#,1 0+& 4 0+;.7#)#&,& %5## B 0)## 0=# B#0+ 74

75 " *1# ><<, # 6<<< 2 % 2$0$ "*,&2,#!..! ".,.. 75

76 * () $,0+, 2,, #,1 $,0+ 2,0+ >?><,"$ #,## Wideband upstream signals are sliced by the AWG 76

77 ,11 2,,2,# #,.##,## #&2 0 0+:,#!&!,,&0+ 0# > ###!6 # 77

78 "%1"" &$'( # $0! ##"% OLT Filter ONUs!"!#$ %&$'(# )# (## ') * + # 78

79 ,<6+5 ITU-T Recommendation G.983.1,.Broadband optical access systems based on Passive Optical Networks (PON)., Oct ITU-T Recommendation G.983.3,.A broadband optical access system with increased service capability by wavelength allocation., March ITU-T Recommendation G.983.4,.A broadband optical access system with increased service capability using dynamic bandwidth assignment., Nov ITU-T Recommendation G.983.5,.A broadband optical access systemwith enhanced survivability., Jan IEEE Standard 802.3AH,.CSMA/CD access method and physical layer specifications Amendment: Media Access Control Parameters, Physical Layers and Management Parameters for Subscriber Access Networks., June ITU-T Recommendation G.975,.Forward error correction for submarine systems., Oct ITU-T Recommendation G.984.1,.Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): General characteristics., March ITU-T Recommendation G.984.2,.Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): Physical Media Dependent (PMD) layer specification., March ITU-T Recommendation G.984.3,.Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): Transmission convergence layer specification,. Feb ITU-T Recommendation G.984.4,.Gigabit-capable Passive Optical Networks (G-PON): ONT management and control interface specification., June ITU-T Recommendation G.7041/Y.1303,.Generic Framing Procedure (GFP)., Dec ,<5+5 Kramer, Glen. Ethernet Passive Optical Networks, McGraw-Hill, March, 2005 Lallukka, Sami & Raatikainen, Pertti. Passive Optical Networks. Espoo VTT Publications 597. Effenberger F. J., Ichibangase H. & Yamashita H. Advances in Broadband Passive Optical Networking Technologies.. IEEE Communications Magazine, Dec. 2001, pp Bonenfant, P. & Rodriquez-Moral, A..Generic Framing Procedure (GFP): The Catalyst for Efficient Data over Transport,. IEEE Communications Magazine, May 2002, pp A. Banerjee, Y. Park, F. Clarke, H. Song, S. Yang, G. Kramer, K. Kim, and B. Mukherjee, "Wavelengthdivision-multiplexed passive optical network (WDM-PON) technologies for broadband access: a review [Invited]," J. Opt. Netw. 4, (2005) R. D. Feldman, E. E. Harstead, S. Jiang, T. H. Wood, and M. Zirngibl, An evaluation of architectures incorporating wavelength division multiplexing broad-band fiber access, J. Lightwave Technol. 16, (1998). M. Zirngibl, C. H. Joyner, L.W. Stulz, C. Dragone, H. M. Presby, and I. P. Kaminow, LARNET, a local access router network, IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 7, (1995). N. J. Frigo, P. D. Magill, T. E. Darcie, P. P. Iannone, M. M. Downs, B. N. Desai, U. Koren, T. L. Koch, C. Dragone, and H. M. Presby, RITENet: a passive optical network architecture based on the remote interrogation of terminal equipment, G. Mayer, M. Martinelli, A. Pattavina, and E. Salvadori, Design and cost performance of the multistage WDM PON access networks, J. Lightwave Technol. 18, (2000). Van de Voorde, I., Martin, C., Vandevege, J. & Qiu, X..The SuperPON Demonstrator: An Exploration of Possible Evolution Paths for Optical Access Networks., IEEE Comm. Magazine, Feb. 2000, pp Y. Hsueh, M. Rogge,W. Shaw, S. Yamamoto, and L. Kazovsky, Quality of service support over SUCCESS-DWA: a highly evolutional and cost-effective optical access network, presented at the Optical Fiber Communication Conference, Anaheim, California, 6 11 March

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