55 4 2000 7 A CTA GEO GRA PH ICA S IN ICA V o l. 55, N o. 4 July, 2000 : 037525444 (2000) 0420407210 G IS,, (, 100101) : G IS, 1982 1997 ;, : ; ; ; G IS; : F301124; F29312; N 94511 : A 20 80 90, [1, 2 ], 1997,,, G IS [3 ] G IS 1982 1992 1997 3, 1 111 [4, 5 ], 39 N 40 20 N 116 00 E 117 00 E,, 1982 1992 10, 41514 km 2, 112 92% 1982 1992 1997 1 10, : 2000203206; : 2000206210 : (49731040) [ Foundation Item: N ational N atural Science Foundation of China, N o. 49731040 ] : (19672),,,, E2m ail: sliu@dls1iog1ac1cn
408 55, : 8 : 4, 113 A rcginfo A rcview G IS, : 1 10 ;,, 1982 1992 1992 1997 ;, (155 ), (natu ral b reak), 2 1949, [6 ] 1982, 467 km 2, 1, : 1982 1992,, (1952 1959 ) 3 [7 ], [5 ],,,,,,, 1993,,,,, 1 (1982 1997) Ξ ( : km 2 ) Tab11 The area and growth rate of urban land use in Be ij ing (1982 1997) 1982 1992 1992 1997 1982 1992 1997 g% g% 231107 313188 330189 82181 21159 8128 17101 11140 3140 127129 376124 496162 248195 64191 24190 120138 80167 24108 467111 850162 999184 383151 100 38135 149122 100 29184 Ξ
4 : G IS 409, ;,, 3 311, [7 9 ],,,,,,,, Βi, t t+ n = [ (UL A i, t+ n - UL A i, t) gn ]gtl A i3 100 (321) Βi, t t+ n UL A i, t+ n UL A i, t i t+ n t ; TL A i 312 1982 1992 31211 0114, 0115, 0142 1a, 70% 7165% 11 ; 58% ( ), 31212 0143, 3, 0157, 0165 1b : 155, 109, 89161%, 7112%,, 20 km, 1162, 318, [10 ] ;, 33 km, 1138, 312, ;, 30 km, 1104, 214,
410 55 1 (1982 1992 ) F ig11 Spatial differentiation of urban land use grow th in Beijing (1982 1992) 31213 0167, 0178, 0161 1c 2 :,,, ; 57% 21% 44, 0 20 km, 1175, 216, 4, 1163 1158 1138, 214 213 211,, 019,,
4 : G IS 411 2 (1982 1992) Tab12 Spatial differen tiation of urban land use growth in Be ij ing (1982 1992) ghm 2 ghm 2 > 1192 11 9 865 25. 72 34 287 5196 1105 1192 31 12 129 31163 86 555 15105 0159 1105 31 7 216 18182 91 743 15195 0128 0159 30 5 491 14132 127 456 22116 0 0128 50 3 648 9151 234 089 40170 0 2 0 0 1 091 0118, 0167 155 38 349 100 57 5221 100 313 1992 1997 31311 0106, 1982 1992 43% 0107, 0127 2a :, 2135% 6, 52153% ; 74% 124 4 8 km, 1159, 2615,, 0167 1124 31312 0142,, 7 015, 0157 2b :,, 3 9, 7188% 13131% ; 6 16, 3 1109 1142 1106, [4 ] 0164 0158, 60% 58%,,, 31313 0152, 1982 1992 22% 0163, 017 2c 3 : 7 6, 40, 1101, ; 1 340 km 2, 23129% ; 68 km 2, 45155% 25, 1102,, 681 km 2, 11183% ; 3418 km 2,
412 55 2 (1992 1997 ) F ig12 Spatial differentiation of urban land use grow th in Beijing (1992 1997) 3 (1992 1997) T ab13 Spatial differentiation of urban land use grow th in Beijing (1992 1997) ghm 2 ghm 2 > 2105 7 1 682 11127 11 840 2106 1107 2105 22 5 099 34116 71 429 12142 0155 1107 33 4 058 27118 95 671 16163 0122 0155 38 2 983 19198 160 541 27191 0 0122 42 1 106 7141 204 123 35149 0 13 0 0 31 617 5150 0152 155 14 928 100 575 221 100
4 : G IS 413 23131%, 64188%,, 31114% 0116, 80167% 4 411 (1) (2) ( 4) (3),, [11 ] (4) 4 (1982 1997) Tab14 Spatial tran sformation of growth cen ters of residen tial land in Be ij ing (1982 1997) gkm 1982 1992 1992 1997 1982 1992 715 (2108) (0119) 1992 1997, 1018 (0128) (1148) 412 (1) (2) ( 5) (3), ( 5), 5 (1982 1997) Tab15 Spatial tran sformation of the growth axes of industr ial land in Be ij ing (1982 1997) gkm 1982 1992 1992 1997 20 (1162) (0164) 33 (1138) (0158) 30 (1104) (1109) 23 (0178) (1142) 45 (0129) (1106) 413 (1) 1982 (2) 1c 2c : 1982 1992 (11 ) (1992 1997
414 55 7 6 ) ;, (3) 1982 1992, 3, 1992 1997, 7 ;, 64191% 80167%, 3 (1982 1997 ) F ig13 T he spatial and tempo ral p rocess of urban land use grow th in Beijing (1982 1997) 5 (1) 1982, 24 25 km 2,
4 : G IS 415,,, (2) 1993,,, 1992 1997,, (3),,,,, (4),,,, (References) : [1 ] Sh i Chengqiu. Som e consideration on urban land use in Ch ina[j ]. C ity P lanning R ev iew, 2000, 24 (2): 11215. ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 2000, 24 (2): 11215. ] [ 2 ] T ian L i. T he urban land leasing: contro l and guide[j ]. C ity P lanning R ev iew, 1999, 23 (8): 21223. ( In Ch inese) [. : [J ]., 1999, 23 (8): 21223. ] [3 ] SuiD Z. G IS and urban studies: po sitivism, po st2po sitivism, and beyond[j ]. U rban Geog rap hy, 1994, 15 (3): 2582278. [4 ] Gu Chao lin, Chen T ian. T he study of the urban fringes in Ch inese m egalopo lises[j ]. A cta Geog rap h ica S inica, 1993, 48 (4): 3172 32. ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1993, 48 (4): 317232. ] [ 5 ] Cui Gonghao, W u J in. T he characteristics and developm ent of the spatial structure of Ch inese urban fringes[j ]. A cta Geog rap h ica S inica, 1993, 45 (4): 3992410. 3992410. ] ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1990, 45 (4): [6 ] W ang Jun, Zhu Gongw u. A p relim inary study of the social geography of Beijing during the late Q ing and the early republican reriod [J ]. A cta Geog rap h ica S inica, 1999, 54 (1): 69276. ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1999, 54 (1): 69276. ] [7 ] Yu Xuew en. A pp lying R S technique to analyze the developm ent trend of urban construction land in Beijing [J ]. C ity P lanning R ev iew, 1986 (2): 9214. ( In Ch inese) [. [J ]., 1986 (2): 92 14. ] [8 ] Fan Zuo jiang, Cheng J icheng. T he study on urban extension th rough R S & G IS[J ]. R em ote S ense Inf orm ation, 1997 (3): 12216. ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1997 (3): 12216. ] [9 ] Zong Yueguang, T ang Yanbing. T he co rrido r effect of m etropo litan spatial extension and op tim ization of landscape structure the case of Beijing [J ]. T he J ournal of Chinese Geog rap hy, 1999, 9 (4): 3192325. [ 10 ] Gu Chao lin, Chen Yaoguang. T he grow th pattern of Ch inese m egalopo lises [J ]. C ity P lanning R ev iew, 1994 (6): 45250. ( In Ch inese) [,. [J ]., 1994 (6): 45250. ] [11 ] A nas A. D ynam ics of urban residential grow th [J ]. J ou rnal of U rban E conom ics, 1978, 5: 66287.
416 55 A GIS based M odel of Urban Land Use Growth in Be ij ing L IU Sheng2he, W U Chuan2jun, SH EN Hong2quan (Institu te of Geog rap h ical S ciences & N atu ral R esou rces, CA S, B eij ing 100101, Ch ina) Abstract: Based on the land u se m ap s of Beijing in 1982, 1992 and 1997, its spatial and tempo ral p rocess of u rban land u se grow th w as analyzed th rough spatial2clu stering and h isto rical2mo rpho logical app roaches. T he grow th in ten sity index (G II), w as emp loyed in stead of grow th speed to describe the spatial differen tiation of u rban land u se grow th. A ssisted by spatial analysis techn iques of G IS, the average G IIs per year (A G IIPY) of 155 comm unes o r tow n s du ring 1982 1992 and 1992 1997 w ere calcu lated and then classified th rough the N atu ral B reak s m ethod, and the spatial differen tiation m ap s of u rban land u se grow th in Beijing du ring 1982 1992 and 1992 1997 w ere m ade. T h is paper found: (1) Indu strial land is the mo st impo rtan t elem en t of u rban land u se grow th in Beijing, and its con tribu tion rate is on the increase, w h ich is differen t from the general W estern u rban grow th model driven by residen tial expan sion. Since 1982, the indu strial land had been keep ing expanded at the average rate of 24 25 km 2 per year. It is ex trao rdinary h igh especially du ring the 1992 1997 period, w h ile that of residen tial land and u rban land u se dropped by 59% and 24%, to 314 km 2 per year and 2918 km 2 per year respectively. T hu s, the con tribu tion rate of indu strial land to u rban land u se grow th increased from 64191% in 1982 1992 to 80167% in 1992 1997. (2) T he spatial pattern of u rban land u se grow th in Beijing w as in distinct concen tric sp raw l. W ith the grow th cen ters gradual sh ift from the inner to ou tside, the new 2added u rban land u se w ere increased in distinct concen tric zones and con tinually encroached upon the green spaces among the cen tral m ass and tho se dispersed con stellation s. T he to tal area of green spaces fo r iso lating bu ilt2up areas in General P lan of Beijing, w as 314 km 2 in 1958, reduced to 260 km 2 in 1983 and 160 km 2 in 1993. T he concen tric sp raw l pattern seriou sly destroyed the spatial structu re of dispersed con stellation s designed by the General P lan of Beijing, and also badly w o rsened the regional eco logical environm en ṫ (3) T he grow th axes of u rban land u se in the sou thern and eastern part of Beijing had stepped in to their decline period. T he sou thern and eastern part of Beijing is located in the N o rth Ch ina P la in and have advan tages in u rban developm en t sp ace, econom ic and tran spo rt comm un ication, etc., so that they are determ ined as the m ain u rban developm en t areas and direction by the latest General P lan (1991 2010). But th is paper found, the tw o m ajo r grow th axes of u rban land u se along the Beijing2T ian J in and Beijing2Shen Zhen h ighw ays in the sou thern and eastern part of Beijing, had stepped in to their decline period du ring 1992 1997. T heir A G IIPY decreased from 1163 and 1158 du ring 1982 1992 to 0186 and 0167 respectively, and the spatial grow th pattern have also sw itched from vigo rou s ax ial expan sion to fill2in among axeṡ Key words: u rban land u se; spatial differen tiation; G IS; Beijing