2009 3 1 1 1 1 2 (1. 100083 2. 100083) TF531 A 1001-6988 2009 02 蛳 0001 蛳 08 Simulations of Gas Flow and Heat Transfer in Blast Furnace LI Xiang 1 FENG Yan-hui 1 ZHANG Xin-xin 1 JIANG Ze-yi 1 TIAN Nai-yuan 2 (1.Mechanical Engineering SchoolBeijing University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 China2. Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering School Beijing University of Science and Technology Beijing 100083 China) AbstractThe 2-D and 1-D mathematical models for the gas flow and heat transfer in Blast Furnace (BF) were built. The fields of fluid flow pressure and temperature were numerically simulated. The distribution of gas composition along the axial direction is predicted based on the 1-D temperature results. The influences of combustion temperature and rate of air blast are further analyzed. It is shown that the simplified 1-D mathematical model is suitable for predicting the temperature distribution along the axial direction of BF. The position of the cohesive zone pressure drop and top gas temperature are affected by both air blast rate and combustion temperature. Rational air blast rate and combustion temperature are required for the successful operation of BF. Key wordsblast furnace gas flow numerical simulation heat transfer [1] [2] [3] (Koump) [4] [56] [7] 2008-12- 01 2009-01- 05 Hatano Kurita 1982 [89]. Sugiyama Sugata 1 转载
2009 3 BRIGHT Yagi Austin [1011] CFD/NHT [12] [13] [14-17] (1) (2) (3) - Fluent (4) (5) (6) 1.2.1 1 1 塄 ρ g u g =0 (4) 1.1 2 鄣 (ρ g u g ) + 塄 ( ρ gu g u g )=- 塄 (εp g )+ερ g g+ 1 鄣 t ε 塄 (μ 塄 u g )-[ με K u g+ ρ gεf u g u g ] (5) ( V ) 姨 K P g PaF K cm 2 ε [18] 3 L R =0.118 10-3 E b +0.77 (1) [19] E b (1-ε)ρ s C s u 鄣 T s s 鄣 y = k 鄣 2 T s sx +k 鄣 2 2 T 鄣 y 2 sy 鄣 y 2+ 2 4V b πn(d b ) 2 T bp 0 273P b 2 E b = 1 2 ρ V b b (2) h gs a(t g -T s )+Q R (6) gn a m 2 /m 3 k sx k sy W/(m K)h gs L D =R (3) W/(m 2 K) [20] a= R 6(1-ε) 1.2 d p ψ k sx=0.1ρ s C s u s d p k sy =0.5ρ s C s u s d p h gs =γ k g (2.0+0.6Re 1/2 gs d g ) s 2 1
31 2 2009 3 d p mψ ερ g C g (u 鄣 T gx 鄣 x +u 鄣 T gy 鄣 x )=k g 鄣鄣 + 鄣 2 T g + 鄣 2 T g 鄣 x 2 鄣 y 2 h e a(t s -T g )+Q R (7) ερ g C g (u 鄣 T gx 鄣 x +u 鄣 T gy 鄣 y )=h ea(t s -T g ) (8) 4 ρ 鄣鄣 = 鄣 K k 鄣 t +u j 鄣 K k 鄣 x j 鄣鄣 x j μ 鄣 eff 鄣 +G k -ρε k (9) σ k + 鄣 K k 鄣 x j 5 ρ 鄣鄣 = 鄣 ε +u 鄣 ε j 鄣 t 鄣 x j 鄣鄣 x j 鄣鄣 + μ eff σ ε 鄣 ε 鄣 x j ε k (C ε1g-c ε2 ρε) (10) G k G k =μ 鄣 u i τ [ 鄣 u i + 鄣 x j 鄣 x j 鄣 u j 鄣 x i ]μ eff μ eff =μ l+ μ t Pa sμ t μ t =ρc k 2 μ sc ε1 C ε2 C μ σ k σ ε - [21] C ε1 =1.43C ε2 =1.93C μ =0.09σ k =1.0 σ ε =1.3 q=h w (T w -T g ) 6 q=0 ΔP (1-ε)2 =150 μ H ε 3 ( 准 d p ) u A+1.75 1-ε ρ u 2 2 ε 3 A 准 d (11) 2 p T g0 =const 1.2.2 T g0 =(Q C +Q +Q -Q -Q )/(V C ) (12) T g0 2 050~2 150 J/(m 3 3 s) [22-24] 1 (473 K-1 273 K) Fe x O y (s)+co=fe x O y-1 (s)+co 2 (g) Fe 2 O 3 Fe 3 O 4 CO FeO 570 843 K~ 1 273 K FeO FeO(s)+CO=Fe(s)+CO 2 (g) ΔH=-0.013 2 kj/mol 2 (1 273 K-1 573 K) 1 000 FeO(s)+C(s)=Fe(s)+CO(g) ΔH=152.2 kj/mol 3 (1 573 K-1 673 K) FeO(s)+C(s)=Fe(s)+CO(g) ΔH=152.2 kj/mol Fe(s)+Fe(l)ΔH Fe =15.2 kj/mol gangue(s)=slag(l)δh slag =15.1 kj/mol 4 ε Pa sμ l Pa 1.2.3 1 ( u 1 =u 2 =0) T s0 =const 4 鄣 u 鄣 x =0 鄣 T s 鄣 x = 鄣 T g 鄣 x =0 5 3
2009 3 鄣 u 鄣 x =0 T s=t g =1 773 K 1-ε 鄣 1.2.4 鄣 x (ρ su s C s T s )= 鄣鄣 x k s Gambit CFD Fluent6.2 k-ε 鄣鄣 +h gs a(t g -T s )+Q R (14) 10-3 x=l T s =T sin 鄣 T g 鄣 x =0u s= m s ρ s A 2 2.1 2.3 ( 2) Java 3 鄣 T s 鄣 x x=0 T g =T gin 鄣 T s 鄣 x =0u g= m g ρ g A (1) (2) 3 1 950 m 3 1 2 (3) 3 2 400 K 200 m/s (4) 3.1 4(a) 5 (b) (5) 2.2 ε 鄣鄣 x (ρ gu g C g T g )= 鄣鄣 x 4 k 鄣 T 鄣 s g 鄣 x 鄣 +h gs a(t s -T g )+Q R (13)
31 2 2009 3 1 D1/m 8.4 D2/m 13 D3/m 11 H5/m 1.7 H3/m 2 H4/m 17.7 H2/m 3 H1/m 2 ρ s /kg m - 3 2 ε d p/m 准 990 0.5 0.039 0.72 3 520 0.42 0.01 0.77 ρ s/kg m - 3 3 μ /Pa s -1 C f /J (kg K) -1 C s / J (kg K) -1 808(100 ) 1 465(1 000 ) 670(100 ) 840(500 ) k f /W (m K) -1 0.8 3 10-5 1 100 0.025 /m /m 2.0 m 1.8 m 1.6 m 1.4 m 1.2 m 1.0 m 0.8 m 0.6 m 0.4 m 0.2 m 0 m 2.5 m 3.5 m 4.5 m 5.5 m /m 8.0 m 7.8 m 7.6 m 7.4 m 7.2 m 7.0 m 6.8 m 6.6 m 6.4 m 6.2 m 6.0 m 1.3 m 2.3 m 3.3 m 4.3 m /m (a) /m s -1 (b) /Pa (c) /K (d) 4 4(b) ) 1 300 mm 2 600 mm 4 200 mm 5(a) 4(d) 1 300~1 400 6 0 mm( 2.40e+03 2.20e+03 2.00e+03 1.80e+03 1.60e+03 1.40e+03 4(c) 654 1.20e+03 K~2 400 K 2 400 K 1.20e+03 1.00e+03 8.00e+02 716 K( 443 ) 6.00e+02 0 5e +03 te +04 1.5e +04 2e +04 2.5e +04 3e +04 /mm 6 (T g 1 200 K) (T g 1 100 K ) /K 5 r=0 r=1 300 r=2 600 r=4 200 5
2009 3 ( K) 2.5 m ) 3.2 [25] ( 4) ( 7) 8 4 / 600 700 800 900 1 000 1 100 1 200 1 300 1 350 CO 2 47.2 40.0 34.7 31.5 28.4 26.2 24.3 22.9 22.2 V CO 52.8 60.0 65.3 68.5 71.6 73.8 75.7 77.1 77.8 7 1 2 3 CO 35%~45% CO 2 8 CO CO CO 2 CO 20%~ 25% CO 2 15%~22% CO+ CO 2 35%~45% CO 2 + CO CO 2 ( CO ) CO CO 2 7 3.3 (672 K) (716 (1) /K 6 2 500 2 000 1 500 1 000 500 1 2 3 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 /mm 10 4 /% 9 2 200 K 2 200 K (2) 7
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2009 3 ena[m].usjohn Wiley & Sons Inc2002283. [21] LAUNDER B ESPALDING D B.The numerical computations of turbulent flow [J].Computer Method in Applied Mechanics and Engineering 1973(3)269-273. [22] J G W G. [M]. [25]. [M]. 1991. 1985. [23]. [M]. 1983. [24] DANLOY G MIGNON J MUNNIX R et al. A blast furnace model to optimize the burden distribution [R]. Ironmaking Conference Proceedings200137-48.!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! ( ) 2009 10 ( ) 1 (1) ( ) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) 2 (1) (2) ( ) word CAD A4 (3) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 3 2009 8 15 9 15 4 300190 370 022-23005853022-23366285 6806 022-23005385 E-mailgylbjb@163.com gylzz@eyou.com 5 2009 1 8