. :-30- : 2008-2009 : :., 2009 1
...3.1,,.8 1...8 1..9 1 17 1 28 1.28 1 30 1...34 1 &...35.2..38.3...51.4 &...58 4.58 4...61...68...74 2
,.,,. : 1.,,,, ; 2.,, ; 3. ; 4. ; 5., ( ), ; 6.,,, ;,. 3
,.,,.,,,.,,., ;,, ( ) ( ).,.,,.,.,,,,,,.,,. 4
.,,,.,,,,.,, : 1.,,. 2.,,,. 3. ( ) ( ),. 4.. 5.. 6..,, 5
.,. :,,.,,,, 1862,.,,,.,,, 2007-2009,,,.,,,,.,.,,,,,,,,,,,., 6
,.,,, ), ), ) /, ) /,, ).,,,.,.,,,, 2006.,,,.,,.. 7
1 - -,.,,,,,..,. 1 ),,,.,,,,..., «,,,,,,,.», «,. 1».., «..( ) ( ).( ) [ ] 1.., 15-21..,, 2006, 15 8
,,.. ( ).,,, :,,,,, / - -. 2»,. 3, «( ). 4» 1 ).,,,,.,,,, 5. 2..,,, 92-93, 1997 3., (1995-1997). 4., -, 5/11/2006 5 «18 19,, -,,, 9
,.,,,,.,,.., 18 19,,.,,.,, «19, 6».,,. ( ) 1821,,,,.,.» http://www.ggae.gr 6..,, (18-20 ),... -.,, 1991, 159.,., «, : (1790-98) -,,,,,.», 1821-1941,, 2001, 22 10
,.,,,,,,.,.,., 14/1/1844,,,,.,, 1862,. 24-27 1862, 7, 10 1862,, 1844. 18-3-1844,, 23-10-1862 8, 9 25 1862 «, 7.,....,.., 68 8. 11
9»., 30 1862,,, 4, «,,.,,.».,,.,,,,..,,.,,,, 1864 10, 9, 1 10 1864,,. 12
1862 11.,,,,,,., 1873,, (, ).,,. 1890,,, ( ) ( ),. 11,,,, 20..,.., 69 13
1 1861-1945 : 15-21.,,,,, 12. 12., «,,»,, 1949, 14,, 508. «, 1955 1977 637.925, 51,6%.,, 84,18%», 508. 14
2 1947 1992 : 15-21. 3 : 15-21., «31 1960, ( ), 15
.. 13» 4 : 15-21.,, : 1960-1970,,,,.,., 1980,,,. 13,.., 509 16
1 )., 14.,,.. 2001.., «4.000.000 ( ). 15» 16 : 14 «( ),,., ( )., :, ( ), ( ).,,.»..,.. 15, http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 16, http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp. 17
3.402.220 710.070 79.350 1.182.973 139.790 5.514.403 1 : http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 20.000 100 25.000 300 350.000 1.000 200 80 30 20 20 1.000 800 150 20 3.000.000 1.000 2.500 3.402.220 200 5.000 250 150 40.000 150 1.500 60 400 100 50 150 20.000 1.500 1.500 40 1.300 1.000 6.000 79.350 2 : http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 3 : http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 18
150 5.000 40 10 1.200 150 30 5.000 30 700 200 180 60 800 20 20 300 700 50 20 20 50 300 120.000 700 4.000 60 139.790 4 :http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 700.000 10.000 70 710.070 6 :http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 6.500 25.000 25.000 750 8.500 2.500 354.500 500 50 300 400 35.000 2.500 200 21.000 250 1.200 400 4.000 25 12.448 350 4.300 150 14.000 180.000 20.000 50 250.000 212.000 1.100 1.182.973 5 :http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 19
,,,, (, ). : 2005 20,000 4,000 150 25,000 20 20... 1,320,000 1,831,374 360,000 215,105 200 80 30 1,000 300 1,000 2,000 1,000 25 25 150 1,000 1,733,975 20
2005 500 600 100 300 - - - - 20 500 600 15 80 500 250 15,000 10,000 2,000 400 100 3,000 2,000 0 16 9,000 6,000 7 1,100 500 1,500 1,370 2,740 5 2 14 33,335 21
2005 20 5 2,600 2,993 500 350 0 20 10 10 500 3,000 400 293. 5 500 300 0 700 350 0 300 200 100 70 200 200 110 10 0 70 79 30 100 100 100 45 20 120 120 40,000 55,000 10 10 2 10 0 300 250 50 2,000 200 10 30 90 60 51,935 22
2005 250 350 5,000 3,000 5,000 7,000 35,000 35,000 0 25,000 28,500 40,000 40,000 375,000 50,000 17,000 800 1,500 11,000 12,000 5 200 600 2,000 25,000 32,000 40 400 403 500 230 250 2,000 1,800 25 50 10,000 10,000 4,000 3,000 350 6,000 12,000 2,500 4,500 250,000 91,500 4,000 200 140 15,000 5,000 130,000 17,040 87 50 20,000 12,000 3,000 3,500 600 300 1,021,405 7 : «2001 ( ) 10.205.148 8.164.118 ( 18 ). 23
2002 9.856.453. ( ) 1.692.335 18,.. 18 (80% ). 2.115.418 ( ) 12.320.566» 17..,.,,.,, «2000, 1.165.000, 2001 215.000, 71.000,. 18» 17. 11 2008 18.., 454 24
5 : 15-21. 6 20 : 15-21., 25
., ( ), (2004 2009).,. 2004 2009: 2004 & 2009.04.04.09.09 210 180 228 187 2123 1835 2270 1896 - - 51 41 636 636 806 593 25572 18245 24377 17795 148 99 118 86 39 35 36 34 84 69 159 130 1299 968 854 588 2762 2367 5698 3110 350 310 322 289. 529 352 547 431 116 99 73 65 208 104 163 120 26
25 25 44 39 - - 32 29 - - 82 57 142 142 489 348 133 80 64 51 34113 25546 36413 25889 8 2004&2009 :,., 36.413.. - -, /, (, ),., 2004 34.113 25.546, 74,89%., 2009 36.413 71%, 25.889,. 27
1 ),,,, 2009., 12.588, 8.831.,, 1.500,, (, ).,, 12%,,.,, 1.500 (..), 79 2009. 79 -,.,, 12%,,,,,,.,. 1 ),,,,,, 28
,,.....,, Kappa Research Harvard 19.., 50% 55%, 60%., 2/3 1/3., 50%,,.,,,..,, 2/3 /., 2/3 7 10 1 3, 60% 19 : : RESEARCH A.E. Harvard : : - -. / : 15.640 : 10.846, 1.270 3.506. : 2007 : : 29
. 67%, 1 3.,., 50%, 45%. 85%, ( 5 10 ) 70%.,,,. : - -.,, 82,4%, 81% 80%.,,,,. 1 ),.,,,., 1970, 30
:,,,,.,, 1990-2000 ( 210.998 177.398), «1970. 1990 70%. 20», 106.200 1971 116.432 2001.,,,, «1981 5% 65, 2001, 45. 21» 20,, 1770-2000, 10, 2003, 298 21 -,, 1770-2000, 10,, 2003, 310 31
7 1968 2000 : 15-21. 1970,,,,. : 1980 400.000, 1968 1977 57.528,.,, 1966 1972 50% 22,.... 90, 23. 22...,.., 27 23. -,.., 322-323 32
, (,, ),,,,.,,, 24,,,, (,,, ).,,.,,,,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,,. 24 «,, ( ).,,,,,,.»,.., 298 33
8 : 15-21..,,,,,,. 1 )..,,., ad hoc,, 34
,.,,, 78, 10, 76, 47, 140, 1 2 25.,,,.,, 26, 27, 2009 97.,,,,,.,,,,. 1 ) 25 www.mfa.gr/www.mfa.gr/el-gr/.../greekauthoritiesabroad 26,,.,.,.,, Brisbane, Darwin, Hobart (Tasmania) Newcastle. http://www.athensinfoguide.com/gr/gengreeceabroad-hl.htm 27,,,,,,,,,,, Nurnberg. http://www.athensinfoguide.com/gr/gengreeceabroad-hl.htm 35
,.,,,, -,,. 2004,,, 1.108.98 25.546., 43. : 9 2004 28, (,, ), (,, ),,,,,...,. 28 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 36
,,,.,,,,..,,,,.,,,,,.,,,.,,,,.,,,,,,,. 37
2.,,,, 1990,,,.,,,,,,., 1862,,,.,,,., International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (International IDEA) 29,,,.,,,,,,,,,. 29. Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 38
,,.,,,. 10 30 30 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 39
11 31 31 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 40
12 32,,.,,., 33,,, fax 34. 32 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 33,,.,. 34,, fax. 41
,. 13 35, 36 : ).,,,,.,., 35 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 36,,,,..,,, -, 1990 42
(overseas constituency), : 1) ( ), 2), 3), 4),,. ( ),. 2001,,.,.,,.,,,. 2003, 2006. ) : 1974,,,., 1986,, 1997,, 43
(PS PSD) 37,.,, 38 :.,,..,,,..., 18.,,,, 2005,.,.,. : ) 37 PSD, 1976, PSD. 38 d Hondt,,. 44
, ) ( ), ), 39.,.,,. :,.,...,. 2005,,. 2005,.,,,, 86,7 % 1976 25,2% 2005, 39,,..,, 1998 1999,,. 45
. 9 40 ) : 3 3 «.,».,, 1975., 3 76 97 31 1981. 10 75 1329 31 1975 4. 23,.,.. 40 : http://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/va/country-case-studies/portugal-extended-votingrights-and-decreasing 46
,..,,... ) :,,.,.,,,.,.. (,..). ) : 31 1 (folketing) 205 1. 47
.,.,. ) : 68 1,,. : 68 5....,,.... ). :., Representation of People Act 1985 1989. 48
...,...,,..... ) : 48 3 «.,»..., (.. )...,, 49
,.. ),,, -., 70.529,, 140., 1992,, HDZ,.,, -,,. -, ( ), 2004,,,.,,. 50
3,,,,. 20,,,, 5 41. 14 42 41,,. 42 : Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 51
, :..,.,,.,...,,.,,... /.,.,,.,.. 5,.. /,.,..,. ( ). 52
,,. :, - -,,.,,.,,,,, 300,.,,,,,... (postal vote), (postal ballot) /.,,,.. 53
10,.,,,, 2004 Birmingham.,, 43.,,,,,,.,,,.,, 43. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/postal_voting 54
,, 44.,,,,,.,,,.,,., «[ 2006], 3,5 25., 53.000 6.900 (13%) 22/6/2008. 424.618 109.312. 45», :,,. 44 guardian.co.uk, Manchester 2007, 75%, 21%. «Postal voting: Easy, Does it?» Lucy Powell, 21/03/2008, http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/postalvoting.,,,, «-»... 45., -, 5/11/2006 55
,,.,,,..,,,,,...,,,,,,.,,,,..., ( ).,.,, 56
,.,,,.,,,.,,,..,,. & &, o o o o o 57
4 & 4 ) 1975 46.,,,., : ) (.., ) ). 51 2,, 47 - -,,. 1975 : 108,, 46 «,.»,,, 2001, 106 47 «,,.,,,,,.».., 120 58
, 51 4,. 51,. 4 51, «.,». 2001.,,.., «( ).,.,, ( 1 2 3) ( 51 3).,. 48», 51 3,, «., 48,.,,,, -, 1993 177 59
.,, ( ) 49»,,. 108, 1975 4, 23,, 50, 21..,. :.,,. 108., :., 1975 108. 108 1, 1986, : «.». 2001,,, «, 49.,.., 184 50 108,. 60
,.», 51,,,, 200. 4 ),.,.,, 52. 51 1975 1990, 15 1975,, ( 1977, 1981, 1984, 1985, 1989 1990) 52. 1984,. «; 2,5.. [ ] ; ; [..], ; [..] [ ] «,,..,,, 61
,,, 2008,., 53, :,.,.,,.,,. 6 1,5 2, ;» «,.». 53 «: 1.. 2.,,.», 2 62
,,,.,,., (800)., (,,,, ).,,,,.54, ( ), 200,,.,,,, «:.,,,.,,..,, ; 54. 63
; ; ; ;.,,.( )., 54,,.( )., -..( ),,.55» Express.gr, 11/02/2009,,.,, «'»,,, «56».,.,. " ",, «, : ) ).( ) 55.,, 01/04/2009, http://www.evenizelos.gr/hellenesabroad/475-2009-04-16-20-39 45?tmpl=component&print=1&layout=default&page= 56 http://www.express.gr/index2.php?option=ozo_content&perform=view&id=131285&itemid=1 35&pop=1&page=0 64
,,. : 1). ( ). ), ), ),,. ( 6-12 ). ( 3% ). 2)... 3),. 4).. 5) ( ) 20.. 6). 65
.,,. 7),. 57», «58», 59.,, Kappa Research, «,,», «,,, 3%»., «,».,,.,.,, 7 2009, «57,., 27/05/2007 http://www.syn.gr 58 : /, 25/02/2009, http://www.newspaper.gr/print.php?sid=34600 59,, 12/03/2009, http://www.sae.gr/?id=16103&tag 66
. 60» «61». 60 http://www.adonisgeorgiadis.gr/index2.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=488&pop=1& page=0&itemid=88 61,, 12/03/2009, http://www.sae.gr/?id=16103&tag 67
, 1862,,,,,,,,,.,,.,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,,,,.,.,,,, 68
.,., 62.,,,, ( ),.,,,,,.,,.,,,,.,,,. 62,,,. 69
,,,,,,.,,.,.,,,.,,.,,.,,.,,,..,.,,,. 70
.,,,, ;,, ;,.,,,.,,,,,,.,,, 63.,,,. 63. L.Massicotte, A. Blaus, A. Yoshinaka, Establishing the rules of the Game: Election laws in Democracies, Toronto, London and Buffalo: University of Toronto Press, 2004, 30 71
,,,.,,,,,,,,,.,,,...,,,,,., : 15 72
,,,,,,.,,,,,.,,,. - -.,,.,,.,. 73
) 1. 2.,, ). ( & ) 1. Dieter Nohlen,,, 2007 2., 1821-1941,, 2001 3..,,, -, 1990 4. (18-20 ),... -.,, 1991 5. 1770-2000, 10, 2003 6., 14, 7...,,, 92-93, 1997 8.,,, 2001 9. 15-21.,, 2006 10..,,,, -, 1993 11.,,,, 2001. 1. Luis Massicotte, Andr Blaus, Antoine Yoshinaka, Establishing the rules of the Game: Election laws in Democracies, Toronto, London and Buffalo, University of Toronto Press, 2004 2. Voting from Abroad, The International IDEA Handbook, 2007 74
) 1. Karim H. Karim-, http://www.re-public.gr/?p=68 2., 10/09/2009, http://www.provoles.de/content/view/3316/31/lang,el/ 3., -. 5/11/2006 4.,05/08/2008, http://www.voiceofgreece.gr/omogeneiako-deltio/senaria-gia-tin-psifoomogenon.htm ) : 1. http://aceproject.org/ace-en/topics/va/country-case-studies/portugal-extendedvoting-rights-and-decreasing 2. http://diaspora-grecque.com/ 3. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=parliament_of_italy&action=edit§ion =10 4. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/postal_voting 5. http://www.elesme.gr/elesmegr/periodika/t25/t25_08.htm 6. http://www.evenizelos.gr/hellenesabroad/475-2009-04-16-20-39 45?tmpl=component&print=1&layout=default&page= 7. http://www.ggae.g 8. http://www.ggae.gr/gabroad/organosi.el.asp 9. http://www.google.com/hostednews/epa/article/aleqm5hmykmov1vsvybcsyti VDPk8BCVcg 10. http://www.greekinsight.com/article.php?id=28751 11. http://www.guardian.co.uk/politics/blog/2008/mar/21/postalvotingeasydoesit/print 12. http://www.idea.int/ 13. http://www.idea.int/vt/postal_voting_internet_voting.cfm?renderforprint=1& 14. http://www.in.gr/news/print.asp?lngentityid=1051284&lngdtrid=244 15. http://www.metanastis.com/pdf/peri_pshfou_ton_metanaston.pdf 16. http://www.newspaper.gr/print.php?sid=34600 17. http://www.sofiatimes.com/index2.php?option=com_content&task=emailform&id= 14649&itemid=99999999 75