ΑΓΓΛΙΚΗ ΓΛΩΣΣΑ ΣΕ ΕΙΔΙΚΑ ΘΕΜΑΤΑ ΔΙΕΘΝΩΝ ΣΧΕΣΕΩΝ & ΟΙΚΟΝΟΜΙΑΣ Ενότητα 3β: Types of Speeches & Strong Language Ιφιγένεια Μαχίλη
Άδειες Χρήσης Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό υπόκειται σε άδειες χρήσης Creative Commons. Για εκπαιδευτικό υλικό, όπως εικόνες, που υπόκειται σε άλλου τύπου άδειας χρήσης, η άδεια χρήσης αναφέρεται ρητώς. 2
Χρηματοδότηση Το παρόν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό έχει αναπτυχθεί στα πλαίσια του εκπαιδευτικού έργου του διδάσκοντα. Το έργο «Ανοικτά Ακαδημαϊκά Μαθήματα στο Πανεπιστήμιο Μακεδονίας» έχει χρηματοδοτήσει μόνο τη αναδιαμόρφωση του εκπαιδευτικού υλικού. Το έργο υλοποιείται στο πλαίσιο του Επιχειρησιακού Προγράμματος «Εκπαίδευση και Δια Βίου Μάθηση» και συγχρηματοδοτείται από την Ευρωπαϊκή Ένωση (Ευρωπαϊκό Κοινωνικό Ταμείο) και από εθνικούς πόρους. 3
Types of speeches (1) Informative speeches: tips of advice Keep in mind what your audience knows about the topic Explain clearly and avoid technical information Relate the topic to the audience and yourself 4
Types of speeches (2) Persuasive speeches: purposes To reinforce the audience s feelings To influence the audience s ideas To make the audience take action 5
Guidelines for strong language (1) 1. Use affective language. It is strong emotional language that is used to move people s feelings. 6
Affective language: an example Providing services to the poor is a well known imperative for fighting poverty and achieving the internationally agreed development goals. The fact, however, is that in most developing countries we are failing the poor: be it water, sanitation, energy, transport, health, and education. And all of us should take some responsibility for the state of affairs. 7
Guidelines for strong language (2) 2. Use vivid details 8
Vivid details: an example I have a dream that one day on the red hills of Georgia, the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave owners will be able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood. (Martin Luther King, I have a Dream) 9
Guidelines for strong language (3) 3. Remind common values 10
Common values: an example The enormous force of this national tragedy is one of many reminders that we are linked together by forces that are both visible and invisible: forces of nature, forces of poverty, of disease, terrorism, crime, drugs. These forces remind us all of how tiny we are in eth force of nature an dhow, at the same time, we are all indelibly connected. This means that we must all respond to this crisis in the context of the many things that link us together. 11
Guidelines for strong language (4) 4. Use vivid contrasts & parallel structure 12
Vivid contrasts & parallel structure: an example This is not a distant threat. It is a present danger. The rate of infection is increasing fastest among a decade among women and children. Largely unknown a decade ago, AIDS is the third leading killer of young adults today. But it won t be third for long, because unlike other diseases, this one travels. Adolescents don t give each other cancer or heart disease because they believe they are in love, but HIV is different. And we have helped it along. We have killed each other with our ignorance, our prejudice, and our silence. (Mary Fisher on AIDS) 13
Guidelines for strong language (5) 5. Build credibility 14
How to build credibility By referring to your personal experiences By emphasizing common values By presenting sound evidence in an organized fashion By speaking with assertiveness and confidence By appearing to be ethical 15
Τέλος Ενότητας