ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ (MB)

ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ (MB) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z A x B y C z (MB) = x*a (AB) + y*b (AB) + z*c (AB) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Ατομικά βάρη: Cu=64, S=32 Cv (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + S (AB) = 64 + 32 = 96 Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Ατομικά βάρη: Cu=64, Fe=56, S=32 Cp (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + Fe (AB) + 2*S (AB) = 64 + 56 + 2*32 = 184

ΚΑΤΑ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ % (%κ.β. ή %wt) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z A x B y C z (MB) = x*a (AB) + y*b (AB) + z*c (AB) Α (%κβ) = [x*a (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 Β (%κβ) = [y*β (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 C (%κβ) = [z*c (AB) / A x B y C z (MB) ] * 100 1) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Cv (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + S (AB) = 96 Cu (%κβ) = Cu (AB) /Cv (MB) *100 = 64/96*100 = 66,7% S (%κβ) = S (AB) /Cv (MB)* 100 = 32/96*100 = 33,3% 2) Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Cp (ΜΒ) = Cu (AB) + Fe (AB) + 2*S (AB) = 184 Cu (%κβ) = Cu (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ) *100 = 64/184*100 = 34,8% Fe (%κβ) = Fe (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ) *100 = 56/184*100 = 30,4% S (%κβ) = 2 S (AB) /Cp (ΜΒ)* 100 = 2 32/184*100 = 34,8%

ATOMIKH ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ % (%mol) Oρυκτό: A x B y C z Α (%mol) = x / (x+y+z) * 100 B (%mol) = y / (x+y+z) * 100 C (%mol) = z / (x+y+z) * 100 1) Κοβελλίνης (Cv): CuS Ο Cv έχει 1+1 = 2 άτομα Cu (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% S (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% 2) Χαλκοπυρίτης (Cp): CuFeS 2 Ο Cp έχει 1+1+2 = 4 άτομα Cu (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% Fe (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% S (%mol) = 2/4*100 = 50%

ΜΕΤΑΤΡΟΠΗ ΧΗΜΙΚΟΥ ΤΥΠΟΥ ΟΡΥΚΤΟΥ ΣΕ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΑ (όταν το μόνο αρνητικό στοιχείο είναι το οξυγόνο) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 Οξείδια: MgO, SiO 2 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 3 = 1 + 2 2) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Οξείδια: MgO, SiO 2 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 4 = 2 + 2 3) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 Οξείδια: CaO, MgO, SiO 2 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 6 = 1 + 1 + 2*2 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 Οξείδια: Κ 2 Ο, MgO, Al 2 O 3, SiO 2, H 2 O 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Έλεγχος με τα οξυγόνα: 2*10 + 2*2 = 24 = 1 + 6 + 3 + 2*6 + 2

ΜΟΡΙΑΚΗ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΩΝ % (%mol οξειδίων) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Ο En έχει 1+1 = 2 μόρια MgO (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% SiO 2 (%mol) = 1/2*100 = 50% 2) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Ο Fo έχει 2+1 = 3 μόρια MgO (%mol) = 2/3*100 = 66,7% SiO 2 (%mol) = 1/3*100 = 33,3% 3) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Ο Di έχει 1+1+2 = 4 μόρια CaO (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% MgO (%mol) = 1/4*100 = 25% SiO 2 (%mol) = 2/4*100 = 50% 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Ο Bt έχει 1+6+1+6+2 = 16 μόρια K 2 O (%mol) = 1/16*100 = 6,25% MgO (%mol) = 6/16*100 = 37,50% Al 2 O 3(%mol) = 1/16*100 = 6,25% SiO 2 (%mol) = 6/16*100 = 37,50% H 2 O (%mol) = 2/16*100 = 12,50%

Μοριακά βάρη οξειδίων: SiO 2 = 60 Al 2 O 3 = 102 MgO = 40 CaO = 56 K 2 O = 94 H 2 O = 18 ΚΑΤΑ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΑΝΑΛΟΓΙΑ ΟΞΕΙ ΙΩΝ % (%κ.β. ή %wt οξειδίων) 1) Ενστατίτης (En): MgSiO 3 MgSiO 3 = MgO SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος En = 40 + 60 = 100 MgO (%κβ) = MgO (MB) /En (MB) *100 = 40/100*100 = 40% SiO 2(%κβ) = SiO 2(MB) /En (MB) *100 = 60/100*100 = 60% 2) Φορστερίτης (Fo): Mg 2 SiO 4 Mg 2 SiO 4 = 2 MgO SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος Fo = 2*40 + 60 = 140 MgO (%κβ) = 2*MgO (MB) /Fo (MB) *100 = 80/140*100 = 57,1% SiO 2(%κβ) = SiO 2(MB) /Fo (MB) *100 = 60/140*100 = 42,9% 3) ιοψίδιος (Di): CaMgSi 2 O 6 CaMgSi 2 O 6 = CaO MgO 2 SiO 2 Μοριακό βάρος Di = 56 + 40 + 2*60 = 216 CaO (%κβ) = CaO (MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 56/216*100 = 25,9% MgO (%κβ) = MgO (MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 40/216*100 = 18,5% SiO 2(%κβ) = 2*SiO 2(MB) /Di (MB) *100 = 120/216*100 = 55,6% 4) Βιοτίτης (Bt): KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 2 KMg 3 AlSi 3 O 10 (OH) 2 = Κ 2 Ο 6 MgO Al 2 O 3 6 SiO 2 2 H 2 O Μοριακό βάρος Bt = 94 + 6*40 + 102 + 6*60 + 2*18 = 832 K 2 O (%mol) = K 2 O (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 94/832*100 = 11,3% MgO (%mol) = 6*MgO (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 240/832*100 = 28,8% Al 2 O 3(%mol) = Al 2 O 3(MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 102/832*100 = 12,3% SiO 2 (%mol) = 6*SiO 2(MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 360/832*100 = 43,3% H 2 O (%mol) = 2*H 2 O (MB) /Bt (MB) *100 = 36/832*100 = 4,3%

Standard atomic weights (IUPAC 2007) http://www.webelements.com/periodicity/atomic_weight/ List of Elements in Atomic Number Order List of Elements in Symbol Order AW AW At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round 1 H Hydrogen 1,008 1 89 Ac Actinium [227] [227] 2 He Helium 4,002602 4 47 Ag Silver 107,8682 108 3 Li Lithium 6,94 7 13 Al Aluminium 26,9815386 27 4 Be Beryllium 9,012182 9 95 Am Americium [243] [243] 5 B Boron 10,81 11 18 Ar Argon 39,948 40 6 C Carbon 12,011 12 33 As Arsenic 74,9216 75 7 N Nitrogen 14,007 14 85 At Astatine [210] [210] 8 O Oxygen 15,999 16 79 Au Gold 196,966569 197 9 F Fluorine 18,9984032 19 5 B Boron 10,81 11 10 Ne Neon 20,1797 20 56 Ba Barium 137,327 137 11 Na Sodium 22,98976928 23 4 Be Beryllium 9,012182 9 12 Mg Magnesium 24,305 24 107 Bh Bohrium [270] [270] 13 Al Aluminium 26,9815386 27 83 Bi Bismuth 208,9804 209 14 Si Silicon 28,085 28 97 Bk Berkelium [247] [247] 15 P Phosphorus 30,973762 31 35 Br Bromine 79,904 80 16 S Sulfur 32,06 32 6 C Carbon 12,011 12 17 Cl Chlorine 35,45 35 20 Ca Calcium 40,078 40 18 Ar Argon 39,948 40 48 Cd Cadmium 112,411 112 19 K Potassium 39,0983 39 58 Ce Cerium 140,116116 140 20 Ca Calcium 40,078 40 98 Cf Californium [251] [251] 21 Sc Scandium 44,955912 45 17 Cl Chlorine 35,45 35 22 Ti Titanium 47,867 48 96 Cm Curium [247] [247] 23 V Vanadium 50,9415 51 112 Cn Copernicium [285] [285] 24 Cr Chromium 51,9961 52 27 Co Cobalt 58,933195 59 25 Mn Manganese 54,938045 55 24 Cr Chromium 51,9961 52 26 Fe Iron 55,845 56 55 Cs Caesium 132,9054519 133 27 Co Cobalt 58,933195 59 29 Cu Copper 63,546 64 28 Ni Nickel 58,6934 59 105 Db Dubnium [268] [268] 29 Cu Copper 63,546 64 110 Ds Darmstadtium [281] [281] 30 Zn Zinc 65,38 65 66 Dy Dysprosium 162,5 163 31 Ga Gallium 69,723 70 68 Er Erbium 167,259 167 32 Ge Germanium 72,63 73 99 Es Einsteinium [252] [252] 33 As Arsenic 74,9216 75 63 Eu Europium 151,964 152 34 Se Selenium 78,96 79 9 F Fluorine 18,9984032 19 35 Br Bromine 79,904 80 26 Fe Iron 55,845 56 36 Kr Krypton 83,798 84 114 Fl Flerovium [289] [289] 37 Rb Rubidium 85,4678 85 100 Fm Fermium [257] [257] 38 Sr Strontium 87,62 88 87 Fr Francium [223] [223] 39 Y Yttrium 88,90585 89 31 Ga Gallium 69,723 70 40 Zr Zirconium 91,224 91 64 Gd Gadolinium 157,25 157 41 Nb Niobium 92,90638 93 32 Ge Germanium 72,63 73 42 Mo Molybdenum 95,96 96 1 H Hydrogen 1,008 1 43 Tc Technetium [98] [98] 2 He Helium 4,002602 4 44 Ru Ruthenium 101,0707 101 72 Hf Hafnium 178,49 178 45 Rh Rhodium 102,9055 103 80 Hg Mercury 200,59 201 46 Pd Palladium 106,42 106 67 Ho Holmium 164,93032 165 47 Ag Silver 107,8682 108 108 Hs Hassium [277] [277] 48 Cd Cadmium 112,411 112 53 I Iodine 126,90447 127 49 In Indium 114,818 115 49 In Indium 114,818 115 50 Sn Tin 118,71 119 77 Ir Iridium 192,217 192 51 Sb Antimony 121,76 122 19 K Potassium 39,0983 39 52 Te Tellurium 127,6 128 36 Kr Krypton 83,798 84 53 I Iodine 126,90447 127 57 La Lanthanum 138,90547 139 54 Xe Xenon 131,293 131 3 Li Lithium 6,94 7 55 Cs Caesium 132,9054519 133 103 Lr Lawrencium [262] [262] 56 Ba Barium 137,327 137 71 Lu Lutetium 174,9668 175

At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round At No Symbol Name Atomic Wt round 57 La Lanthanum 138,90547 139 116 Lv Livermorium [293] [293] 58 Ce Cerium 140,116 140 101 Md Mendelevium [258] [258] 59 Pr Praseodymium 140,90765 141 12 Mg Magnesium 24,305 24 60 Nd Neodymium 144,242 144 25 Mn Manganese 54,938045 55 61 Pm Promethium [145] [145] 42 Mo Molybdenum 95,96 96 62 Sm Samarium 150,36 150 109 Mt Meitnerium [276] [276] 63 Eu Europium 151,964 152 7 N Nitrogen 14,007 14 64 Gd Gadolinium i 157,25 157 11 Na Sodium 22,98976928 23 65 Tb Terbium 158,92535 159 41 Nb Niobium 92,90638 93 66 Dy Dysprosium 162,5 163 60 Nd Neodymium 144,242 144 67 Ho Holmium 164,93032 165 10 Ne Neon 20,1797 20 68 Er Erbium 167,259 167 28 Ni Nickel 58,6934 59 69 Tm Thulium 168,93421 169 102 No Nobelium [259] [259] 70 Yb Ytterbium 173,054 173 93 Np Neptunium [237] [237] 71 Lu Lutetium 174,9668 175 8 O Oxygen 15,999 16 72 Hf Hafnium 178,49 178 76 Os Osmium 190,23 190 73 Ta Tantalum 180,94788 181 15 P Phosphorus 30,973762 31 74 W Tungsten 183,84 184 91 Pa Protactinium 231,03588 231 75 Re Rhenium 186,207 186 82 Pb Lead 207,2 207 76 Os Osmium 190,23 190 46 Pd Palladium 106,42 106 77 Ir Iridium 192,217 192 61 Pm Promethium [145] [145] 78 Pt Platinum 195,084 195 84 Po Polonium [209] [209] 79 Au Gold 196,966569 197 59 Pr Praseodymium 140,90765 141 80 Hg Mercury 200,59 201 78 Pt Platinum 195,084 195 81 Tl Thallium 204,38 204 94 Pu Plutonium [244] [244] 82 Pb Lead 207,2 207 88 Ra Radium [226] [226] 83 Bi Bismuth 208,9804 209 37 Rb Rubidium 85,4678 85 84 Po Polonium [209] [209] 75 Re Rhenium 186,207 186 85 At Astatine [210] [210] 104 Rf Rutherfordium [265] [265] 86 Rn Radon [222] [222] 111 Rg Roentgenium [280] [280] 87 Fr Francium [223] [223] 45 Rh Rhodium 102,9055 103 88 Ra Radium [226] [226] 86 Rn Radon [222] [222] 89 Ac Actinium [227] [227] 44 Ru Ruthenium 101,07 101 90 Th Thorium 232,03806 232 16 S Sulfur 32,06 32 91 Pa Protactinium 231,03588 231 51 Sb Antimony 121,76 122 92 U Uranium 238,02891 238 21 Sc Scandium 44,955912 45 93 Np Neptunium [237] [237] 34 Se Selenium 78,96 79 94 Pu Plutonium [244] [244] 106 Sg Seaborgium [271] [271] 95 Am Americium [243] [243] 14 Si Silicon 28,085 28 96 Cm Curium [247] [247] 62 Sm Samarium 150,36 150 97 Bk Berkelium [247] [247] 50 Sn Tin 118,711 119 98 Cf Californium [251] [251] 38 Sr Strontium 87,62 88 99 Es Einsteinium [252] [252] 73 Ta Tantalum 180,94788 181 100 Fm Fermium [257] [257] 65 Tb Terbium 158,92535 159 101 Md Mendelevium [258] [258] 43 Tc Technetium [98] [98] 102 No Nobelium [259] [259] 52 Te Tellurium 127,6 128 103 Lr Lawrencium [262] [262] 90 Th Thorium 232,03806 232 104 Rf Rutherfordium [265] [265] 22 Ti Titanium 47,867 48 105 Db Dubnium [268] [268] 81 Tl Thallium 204,38 204 106 Sg Seaborgium [271] [271] 69 Tm Thulium 168,93421 169 107 Bh Bohrium [270] [270] 92 U Uranium 238,02891 238 108 Hs Hassium [277] [277] 118 Uuo Ununoctium [294] [294] 109 Mt Meitnerium [276] [276] 115 Uup Ununpentium [288] [288] 110 Ds Darmstadtium [281] [281] 117 Uus Ununseptium [294] [294] 111 Rg Roentgenium [280] [280] 113 Uut Ununtrium [284] [284] 112 Cn Copernicium [285] [285] 23 V Vanadium 50,9415 51 113 Uut Ununtrium [284] [284] 74 W Tungsten 183,8484 184 114 Fl Flerovium [289] [289] 54 Xe Xenon 131,293 131 115 Uup Ununpentium [288] [288] 39 Y Yttrium 88,90585 89 116 Lv Livermorium [293] [293] 70 Yb Ytterbium 173,054 173 117 Uus Ununseptium [294] [294] 30 Zn Zinc 65,38 65 118 Uuo Ununoctium [294] [294] 40 Zr Zirconium 91,224 91