1997, 21 (6) 512 520 A cta Phytoecolog ica S in ica α (, 100093) (, 100037), 4 2215 511 2110 317 1619 715 1316 214tg hm - 2, (30 ) 10% 25% 4 90% 2, 5 84%,,, 1 4217% 6210%, STUD IES ON THE B IOM ASS OF TY P ICAL SHRUBLAND AND THE IR REGENERAT ION CAPAC ITY AFTER CUTT ING H e J insheng and W ang Q ibing (Institu te of B otany, Ch inese A cad emy of S ciences, B eij ing 100093) H u Dong (D ep artm ent of B iology, Cap ital N orm al U niversity, B eij ing 100027) Abstract Sh rubland is the typ ical degraded eco system s in the T h ree Go rges R egion. In th is paper, the biom asses of 4 types of sh rublands, such as M y rsine af ricana, L orop etalum ch i2 nense, V itex neg und o and Cotinus cog gy g ria, and their responses to cutting w ere investigated w ith harvest m ethod and cutting experim ent. T he results show that the biom ass of these 4 types of sh rublands w ere 2215 511, 2110 317, 1619 715 and 1316 214tghm - 2, respective2 ly, being equal to about 10% 25% of that of the typ ical natural evergreen broadleaved fo rests (30 years). T he sh rub layer accounted fo r 90% of the comm unity in term s of the to tal o r the underground o r the aboveground biom ass. In the biom ass species sequence, the top 5 species amounted to over 84% of the to tal biom ass. T he sh rublands of the sam e type w ere α 1996205204, 1996210203 815 85216206202 KS852107,,,
6 : 513 sim ilar in biom ass betw een temperate and subtrop ical area. T hat Cotinus cog gy g ria sh rub and L orop eta lum ch inense sh rub recovered to 4217% and 6210% of aboveground b iom ass of the contro l due to one year resto ration after cutting, suggests their h igh grow th rate and recovery po tential. Key words T he T h ree Go rges R egion, D egraded eco system s, Sh rubland, B iom ass, Cutting,,,, (, 1995;, 1994;, 1995),, ( ), 30% (, 1994),, (W h itta2 ker, 1961; 1962; 1968; Fo rrest, 1971; Spech t, 1979),, (, 1982;, 1989;, 1989;, 1989;, 1990) 10% 30% (L ieth and W h ittaker, 1975),,, 1,, 2,, 1615 1910, 1 314 712, 7 28 30, 300 340d, 1 100mm, 4 10 80%, 7 8, (, 1994;, 1993) 2, 4,, 10 (1992 1993 1994 ) (, 1976) 2 5m 5m ( (Cotinus cog gy g ria) ) 5 2m 2m ( (M y rsine af ricana) (L orop eta lum ch inense) (V itex neg und o) ), 60 24h < 2mm 2 5mm 5 10mm > 10mm, ( ), (10m 10m ),
514 21,,, 3 311 4 400m 2 (4 10m 10m ), 1 1 4 Table 1 compo sition of 4 typ ical shrubs in the Three Go rges R egion M y rsine sh rub L orop etalum sh rub V itex sh rub Cotinus sh rub B erchem ia sinica 1 015 Celtis bungeana 112 011 Cocculus orbiculatus 017 011 Coriaris nep alensis 112 015 Cotinus coggy g ria 115 011 111 68 Cud rania tricusp idata 110 210 G lochid ion p uberum 018 015 I lex p erny i 014 011 Ind igof era 016 011 114 3 017 3 p seudotinctoria J asm inum nud if lorum 016 210 013 2 L esp ed ez a d av id ii 1 015 L. f orm osa 014 013 L. v irgata 015 011 L igustrum sinense 111 210 L. qu ihou i 016 011 L indera f rag rans 013 011 L orop etalum chinense 017 610 110 65 019 011 M y rsine af ricana 019 75 017 2 3 015 017 013 P istacia ch inensis 113 215 113 015 Py racantha f ortuneana 115 013 016 4 R ham nus heterop hy lla 014 1 R ham nus rosthornii 110 110 R hus chinensis 016 110 014 013 014 015 R osa cym osa 215 2 016 013 2 115 R. laev igata 018 015 2 110 S ag eretia thea 114 310 V iburnum utile 112 110 018 011 ( ) V itex neg und o 110 018 115 58 A g rim onia p ilosa 012 011 A rtem isia lactif lora 012 011 A rthrax on hisp idus 015 011 016 2 017 5 012 015
6 : 515 ( M y rsine sh rub L orop etalum sh rub V itex sh rub Cotinus sh rub B othriochloa ischaem um 013 1 B up leu rum ch inense 013 2 Carex lanceolata 017 012 017 215 C. sp d im orp holep is 013 012 C lem atis chinensis 011 Cy nanchum p aniculatum 014 011 E rem och loa op iu roid es 017 015 F estuca jap onica 013 011 016 013 H eterop app us altaicus 017 011 114 20 H eterop ogon contortus 015 1 016 3 016 10 Imp erata cy lind rica 018 810 015 1 013 1 vaṙ m ajor M iscanthus sinensis 016 5 P asp alum thunberg ii 017 013 P oly gala jap onica 011 011 011 011 P otentilla chinensis 011 011 012 011 P. d iscolor 012 011 012 012 S elag inella dav id ii 012 015 Sm ilax m icrop hy lla 1 011 Op hiop ogon jap onicus 012 510 012 012, 4,, 29 ( 14 ),, 28 ( 17 ) 15 ( 7 ),, 13 ( 8 ) 4 60% 85%, 400m 312 4 2 3 4 5 4 > > > W h ittaker (1966), ;, (, 1989;, 1990 ; Conno lly2m ccarthy and Grigal, 1885; D ai et a l., 1985; A erts, 1989),, 015 1014tghm - 2, 1316 2215tghm - 2, (, 1982;, 1994), 30 10% 25%,,,, 1614tg hm - 2 (, 1989) 2013tghm - 2, 1619tghm - 2
516 21 2 ( Table 2 B iom ass components of L orop etalum ch inense shrub ( nam e w ere the sam e as in Table A boveground U nderground To tal Shrub layer 8912 76819 85812 336712 1380114 1716816 48519 60219 108818 8311 28018 36318 34214 36911 71115 3 1414 28814 30218 To tal of shrub layer 447010 1611010 2049010 H erb layer 1615 6013 7618 1515 2914 4419 14315 26717 41112 2) 2 119 3139 5129 To tal of herb layer 18010 36010 54010 To tal of comm. 465010 1647010 2103010 2) 3 ( Table 3 B iom ass components of M y rsine af ricana shrub ( nam e w ere the sam e as in Table A boveground U nderground To tal Shrub layer 69718 192814 262612 588519 746419 1335018 23514 125017 148611 52111 49816 101917 26417 19818 46315 12 124511 128816 253317 To tal of shrub layer 885010 1263010 2148010 H erb layer 6510 14815 21315 10710 15410 26110 14819 9418 24317 2) 8 12911 21217 34118 To tal of herb layer 45010 61010 106010 To tal of comm. 930010 1324010 2254010 2)
6 : 517 4 ( Table 4 B iom ass components of V itex neg und o shrub ( nam e w ere the sam e as in Table A boveground U nderground To tal Shrub layer 102910 97518 200418 101215 90712 191916 12213 49818 62111 35319 44412 79811 41119 538915 950114 9 396014 43415 439419 To tal of shrub layer 689010 865010 1551010 H erb layer 14912 15412 30315 17217 21016 38313 18112 15118 33219 2) 12 12619 21314 34013 To tal of herb layer 63010 73010 139010 To tal of comm. 752010 938010 1690010 2) 5 ( Table 5 B iom ass components of Cotinus cog gy g ria shrub ( nam e w ere the sam e as in Table A boveground U nderground To tal Shrub layer 352214 864016 1216310 715 2712 6114 3412 411 616 214 28112 54312 26211 8416 15416 2 414 317 811 To tal of shrub layer 389010 904010 1266010 H erb layer 10210 3919 14119 17211 20313 37514 2416 6118 8614 2) 5 2113 2510 4613 To tal of herb layer 32010 33010 92010 To tal of comm. 421010 937010 1358010 2)
518 21 313 2,, 97144% 96111% 97179%, 95128% 95115% 95139%, 91180% 91125% 92120%, 90% 314 5 96123%, 84105%, 87180%, 98147% 1 2 4, 2 5 84% 1 4 2 F ig. 1 T he species2biom ass sequence of 4 sh rubland 11 L orop etalum ch inense sh rub 21 M y rsine af ricana sh rub 31 V itex neg und o sh rub 41 Cotinus coggy g ria sh rub 315 2 4 6812% 7819% 6215% 5417%, 3913%, 30%, (2411% ),, > > ; > > ; > > 316 6 2 1,, 15 16, 11 10,,,
6 : 519,, 1, 4217%, 6210% 2 F ig. 2 T he dom inant species biom ass allocation of 4 typ ical sh rubland 1. Roo t, < 2mm 21 Roo t, 2 5mm 31 Roo t, 5 10mm 41 Roo t, > 10mm 51 B ranches 61 Tw igs 71 L eaves Cotinus coggy g ria shurb 2)L orop etalum chinense shrub 3)V itex negundo shrub 4)M y rsine af ricana shrub 6 1 ( kgghm - 2 ) T able 6 T he aboveground biom ass comparation betw een contro l and treatm ent of Cotinus coggy g ria shrub and L orop etalum chinense shrub after one year s cutting resto ration in cutting experim ent (B iom ass: kgghm - 2 ) Cotinus coggy g ria sh rub L orop etalum chinense sh rub Contro l T reatm ent Contro l T reatm ent Shrub layer 7 7 12 13 B iom ass 464710 200911 382518 235717 H erb layer 4 3 3 3 B iom ass 13016 3312 40018 26318 477716 204213 422616 262115 To tal ahoveground biom ass
520 21, (, 1995;, 1995;D ai et a l., 1990), (W h ittaker, 1966),,, 1 4217%, 2178tghm - 2 ; 1 6210%, 2162tg hm - 2, (, 1989; D ai et a l., 1990),, 1989:, ( ), 12 (3) 361 364, 1982:,, 6 (4) 258 267 (, ), 1994:,,,, 262 272 ( ), 1995:, ( 3 ),,,,, 1986:,, 10 ( 17 25, 1994:,, ( ), 1993:,,, 1990:,, 14 (3) 267 273, 1982:,, 2 (2) 103 110 ( ), 1995: :, ( 4 ),,, 1989:,, 31 (4) 307 315, 1976 (, 198 :,, A erts, R., 1989: A boveground biom ass and nutrient dynam ics of Calluna V u lg aris and M olinia caeru lea in a dry heath2 land, O ikos, 56: 31 38. Canell,M. G. R., 1982:W orld f orest biom ass and p rim ary p roductiv ity data,a cadem ic P ress, London,N ew Yo rk. Conno lly2m ccarthy, B. J. and Grigal, D. F., 1985: B iom ass of sh rub2dom inated w etlands in M inneso ta, F orest S cience, 31 (4) 1011 1017. D ai, X iaobing, L ingzh i Chen and J ianhui H uang, 1990: T he resto ration of the destroyed fo rest vegetation in Yunm eng M ountain, Beijing, V eg etatio, 87 (2) 145 150. Fo rrest, G, İ, 1971: Structure and p roduction of N o rth Pennire blandet bog vegetation, J. E cology, 59: 453 479. L ieth, H. and R. H. W hittaker, 1975: P rim ary p roductiv ity of the biosp here, Sp ringer2v erlag, Berlin, H eideberg, N ew Yo rk. Spech t, R. L. (ed. ), 1979: H eath land s and related sh rubland s, (Eco system s of the W o rld: 9A, 9B ). E lsevier Scientific Publishing Company, Am sterdam 2O xfo rd2n ew Yo rk. W h ittaker, R. H., 1961: E stim ation of net p rim ary p roduction of fo rest and sh rub comm unities, E cology, 42: 177 180. W h ittaker. R. H., 1962: N et p roduction relations of sh rubs in the Great Smoky M ountains, E cology, 43: 357 377. W h ittaker, R. H., 1966: Fo rest dim ensions and p roduction in the Great Smoky M ountains, E cology, 47: 103 121. W h ittaker, R. H. and W. A. N iering, 1975: V egetation of the Santa Catalina M ountains, A rizona, (V )B iom ass, P roduc2 tion, and diversity along the elevation gradienṫ E cology, 56: 478 485. W h ittaker, R. H. and G. M. W oodw ell, 1968: D im ension and p roduction relations of trees and sh rubs in the B rookhaven fo rest, N ew yo rk, J. E cology, 56: 1 25.