Concomitants of generalized order statistics from bivariate Lomax distribution

Σχετικά έγγραφα
Concomitants of Dual Generalized Order Statistics from Bivariate Burr III Distribution

Generalized Fibonacci-Like Polynomial and its. Determinantal Identities

5 Haar, R. Haar,. Antonads 994, Dogaru & Carn Kerkyacharan & Pcard 996. : Haar. Haar, y r x f rt xβ r + ε r x β r + mr k β r k ψ kx + ε r x, r,.. x [,

One and two particle density matrices for single determinant HF wavefunctions. (1) = φ 2. )β(1) ( ) ) + β(1)β * β. (1)ρ RHF

Multi-dimensional Central Limit Theorem

Multi-dimensional Central Limit Theorem

A Class of Orthohomological Triangles

A summation formula ramified with hypergeometric function and involving recurrence relation

Πανεπιστήµιο Κρήτης - Τµήµα Επιστήµης Υπολογιστών. ΗΥ-570: Στατιστική Επεξεργασία Σήµατος. ιδάσκων : Α. Μουχτάρης. εύτερη Σειρά Ασκήσεων.

Commutative Monoids in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Sets

Matrices and Determinants

Solution Series 9. i=1 x i and i=1 x i.

α & β spatial orbitals in

Generalized Linear Model [GLM]

SPECIAL FUNCTIONS and POLYNOMIALS

k A = [k, k]( )[a 1, a 2 ] = [ka 1,ka 2 ] 4For the division of two intervals of confidence in R +

C.S. 430 Assignment 6, Sample Solutions

Statistical Inference I Locally most powerful tests

Neutralino contributions to Dark Matter, LHC and future Linear Collider searches

Other Test Constructions: Likelihood Ratio & Bayes Tests

Variance of Trait in an Inbred Population. Variance of Trait in an Inbred Population

LECTURE 4 : ARMA PROCESSES

An Inventory of Continuous Distributions

Ordinal Arithmetic: Addition, Multiplication, Exponentiation and Limit

2 Composition. Invertible Mappings

SCITECH Volume 13, Issue 2 RESEARCH ORGANISATION Published online: March 29, 2018

CHAPTER 25 SOLVING EQUATIONS BY ITERATIVE METHODS

SOLUTIONS TO MATH38181 EXTREME VALUES AND FINANCIAL RISK EXAM

Vol. 34 ( 2014 ) No. 4. J. of Math. (PRC) : A : (2014) Frank-Wolfe [7],. Frank-Wolfe, ( ).

Solutions to Exercise Sheet 5

Απόκριση σε Μοναδιαία Ωστική Δύναμη (Unit Impulse) Απόκριση σε Δυνάμεις Αυθαίρετα Μεταβαλλόμενες με το Χρόνο. Απόστολος Σ.

8.324 Relativistic Quantum Field Theory II

Inverse trigonometric functions & General Solution of Trigonometric Equations

The one-dimensional periodic Schrödinger equation

DiracDelta. Notations. Primary definition. Specific values. General characteristics. Traditional name. Traditional notation

ΠΤΥΧΙΑΚΗ/ ΙΠΛΩΜΑΤΙΚΗ ΕΡΓΑΣΙΑ

8.1 The Nature of Heteroskedasticity 8.2 Using the Least Squares Estimator 8.3 The Generalized Least Squares Estimator 8.

Congruence Classes of Invertible Matrices of Order 3 over F 2

Exercises 10. Find a fundamental matrix of the given system of equations. Also find the fundamental matrix Φ(t) satisfying Φ(0) = I. 1.

Fourier Series. MATH 211, Calculus II. J. Robert Buchanan. Spring Department of Mathematics

Section 8.3 Trigonometric Equations

Example Sheet 3 Solutions

Homomorphism in Intuitionistic Fuzzy Automata

Vidyamandir Classes. Solutions to Revision Test Series - 2/ ACEG / IITJEE (Mathematics) = 2 centre = r. a

A Note on Intuitionistic Fuzzy. Equivalence Relation

ΜΕΡΟΣ ΙΙΙ ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΠΟΛΥΜΕΡΩΝ

2. THEORY OF EQUATIONS. PREVIOUS EAMCET Bits.

SOLUTIONS TO MATH38181 EXTREME VALUES AND FINANCIAL RISK EXAM

Every set of first-order formulas is equivalent to an independent set

Second Order Partial Differential Equations

Finite Field Problems: Solutions

ΜΕΡΟΣ ΙΙI ΜΟΡΙΑΚΟ ΒΑΡΟΣ ΠΟΛΥΜΕΡΩΝ

4.6 Autoregressive Moving Average Model ARMA(1,1)

Math221: HW# 1 solutions

Some generalization of Cauchy s and Wilson s functional equations on abelian groups

Technical Report: A Unified Framework for Analysis of Path Selection Based Decode-and-Forward (DF) Cooperation in Wireless Systems

ΣΔΥΝΟΛΟΓΗΚΟ ΔΚΠΑΗΓΔΤΣΗΚΟ ΗΓΡΤΜΑ ΗΟΝΗΧΝ ΝΖΧΝ «ΗΣΟΔΛΗΓΔ ΠΟΛΗΣΗΚΖ ΔΠΗΚΟΗΝΧΝΗΑ:ΜΔΛΔΣΖ ΚΑΣΑΚΔΤΖ ΔΡΓΑΛΔΗΟΤ ΑΞΗΟΛΟΓΖΖ» ΠΣΤΥΗΑΚΖ ΔΡΓΑΗΑ ΔΤΑΓΓΔΛΗΑ ΣΔΓΟΤ

ANSWERSHEET (TOPIC = DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS) COLLECTION #2. h 0 h h 0 h h 0 ( ) g k = g 0 + g 1 + g g 2009 =?

Lecture 2: Dirac notation and a review of linear algebra Read Sakurai chapter 1, Baym chatper 3

Homomorphism of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Groups

EE512: Error Control Coding

ST5224: Advanced Statistical Theory II

SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES G11LMA Linear Mathematics Examination Solutions

Trigonometry 1.TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS

6.3 Forecasting ARMA processes

Homework 3 Solutions

Aquinas College. Edexcel Mathematical formulae and statistics tables DO NOT WRITE ON THIS BOOKLET

Solve the difference equation

A General Note on δ-quasi Monotone and Increasing Sequence

Coefficient Inequalities for a New Subclass of K-uniformly Convex Functions

6.1. Dirac Equation. Hamiltonian. Dirac Eq.

Constant Elasticity of Substitution in Applied General Equilibrium

Homework 8 Model Solution Section

Noriyasu MASUMOTO, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku, Tokyo , Japan Hiroshi YAMAKAWA, Waseda University

Estimators when the Correlation Coefficient. is Negative

Appendix. Appendix I. Details used in M-step of Section 4. and expect ultimately it will close to zero. αi =α (r 1) [δq(α i ; α (r 1)

Modelling Lifetime Dependence for Older Ages using a Multivariate Pareto Distribution

Stochastic Finite Element Analysis for Composite Pressure Vessel

Quadratic Expressions

Supplementary materials for Statistical Estimation and Testing via the Sorted l 1 Norm

Areas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates

derivation of the Laplacian from rectangular to spherical coordinates

Differentiation exercise show differential equation

On a four-dimensional hyperbolic manifold with finite volume

SOLVING CUBICS AND QUARTICS BY RADICALS

ON NEGATIVE MOMENTS OF CERTAIN DISCRETE DISTRIBUTIONS

Concrete Mathematics Exercises from 30 September 2016

3.4 SUM AND DIFFERENCE FORMULAS. NOTE: cos(α+β) cos α + cos β cos(α-β) cos α -cos β

b. Use the parametrization from (a) to compute the area of S a as S a ds. Be sure to substitute for ds!

A Sequential Experimental Design based on Bayesian Statistics for Online Automatic Tuning. Reiji SUDA,

MathCity.org Merging man and maths

M a t h e m a t i c a B a l k a n i c a. On Some Generalizations of Classical Integral Transforms. Nina Virchenko

CAPM. VaR Value at Risk. VaR. RAROC Risk-Adjusted Return on Capital

Areas and Lengths in Polar Coordinates

( y) Partial Differential Equations

Additional Results for the Pareto/NBD Model

On the Galois Group of Linear Difference-Differential Equations

Solutions for Mathematical Physics 1 (Dated: April 19, 2015)

Estimation for ARMA Processes with Stable Noise. Matt Calder & Richard A. Davis Colorado State University

Transcript:

ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 ISSN 974-3235 ProbStat Forum s an e-ournal. For detals please vst www.probstat.org.n Concomtants of generalzed order statstcs from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton Nayabuddn Abstract. In ths paper probablty densty functon (pdf for rth, r n and the ont (pdf of rth and sth, r < s n, concomtants of generalzed order statstcs from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton s obtaned. Also sngle and product moments are derved. Further the results are deduced for moments of kth upper record values and order statstcs. Also ther means and product moments are tabulated.. Introducton The Lomax dstrbuton ntroduced and studed by Lomax (954. He used ths dstrbuton to analyze busness falure data. Lomax dstrbuton has been studed by several authors n lterature. Balkema and de Haan (974 showed that the (df of Lomax dstrbuton arses as a lmt dstrbuton of resdual lfetme at great age. Accordng to Arnold (983, the Lomax dstrbuton s well adapted for modelng relablty problems. Nayak (987 used multvarate Lomax dstrbuton n relablty theory. Balakrshnan and Ahsanullah (994 derved the relatons for sngle and product moments of record values from Lomax dstrbuton. The Lomax dstrbuton s also known as the Pareto dstrbuton of second knd. In ths paper, we consder the bvarate Lomax dstrbuton (Sankaran and Nar, 993 wth probablty dstrbuton functon (pdf f(x, y α α 2 c(c + ( + α x + α 2 y (c+2, x, y, c, α, α 2 >, ( and correspondng df F (x, y ( + α x + α 2 y c, x, y, c, α, α 2 >. The condtonal pdf of Y gven X s f(y x α 2(c + ( + α x (c+ ( + α x + α 2 y (c+2, y >. (2 The margnal pdf of X s f(x cα, x >, (3 ( + α x (c+ Keywords. Generalzed order statstcs, concomtants of generalzed order statstcs, order statstcs, record values, bvarate Lomax dstrbuton, sngle and product moments Receved: 9 August 22; Revsed: 3 May 23; Re-revsed: 2 September 23; Accepted: 7 September 23 Emal address: nayabstats@gmal.com (Nayabuddn

and the margnal df of X s Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 74 F (x ( + α x c, x >. (4 The concept of generalzed order statstcs (gos was gven by Kamps (995. Several authors utlzed the concept of (gos n ther work for detaled survey one may refer to Khan et al. (26, Ahsanullah and beg (26, Anwar et al. (27, Beg and Ahsanullah (28, Fazan and Athar (28, Tavangar and Asad (28, Khan et al. (29, Tahmaseb and Behboodan (22, Athar et al. (22, Athar et al. (23, Athar and Nayabuddn (23, Athar and Nayabuddn (23, among others. Let n N, n 2, k >, m (m, m 2,..., m n R n, M r n r m, such that γ r k + n r + M r > for all r {, 2,..., n }. Then X(r, n, m, k, r {, 2,..., n} are called gos f ther ont pdf s gven by k ( n ( n γ [ F (x ] m f(x [ F (xn ] k f(xn (5 on the cone F ( < x x 2... x n < F ( of R n. Choosng the parameters approprately, models such as ordnary order statstcs (γ n + ;, 2,..., n,.e. m m 2... m n, k, kth record values (γ k,.e. m m 2... m n, k N, sequental order statstcs (γ (n + α ; α, α 2,..., α n >, order statstcs wth non-ntegral sample sze (γ (α + ; α >, Pfefers record values (γ β ; β, β 2,..., β n > and progressve type II censored order statstcs (m N, k N are obtaned (Kamps, 995, 2. In vew of (5 wth m m;, 2,..., n, the pdf of rth gos, X(r, n, m, k s f X(r,n,m,k C r (r! [ F (x] γr f(xg r m (F (x (6 and ont pdf of X(s, n, m, k and X(r, n, m, k, r < s n, s where and f X(r,s,n,m,k (x, y C r C s (r!(s r! [ F (x] m f(xgm r ( ( ( F (x [hm F (y hm F (x ] s r [ F (y] γs f(y, α x < y β, (7 r γ, γ k + (n (m +, ( xm+, h m (x m + log( x g m (x h m (x h m (, x (,. m, m Let (X, Y,, 2,..., n, be n pars of ndependent random varables from some bvarate populaton wth dstrbuton functon F (x, y. If we arrange the X varates n ascendng order as X(, n, m, k X(2, n, m, k X(n, n, m, k, then Y varates pared (not necessarly n ascendng order wth these generalzed ordered statstcs are called the concomtants of generalzed order statstcs and are denoted by Y [,n,m,k], Y [2,n,m,k],..., Y [n,n,m,k]. The pdf of Y [r,n,m,k], the rth concomtant of generalzed order statstcs s gven as g [r,n,m,k] f Y X (y xf X(r,n,m,k (xdx (8

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 75 and the ont pdf of Y [r,n,m,k] and Y [s,n,m,k] s g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 x2 f Y X (y x f Y X (y 2 x 2 f X(r,s,n,m,k (x, x 2 dx dx 2. (9 It s well known that the dstrbuton functon of order statstcs are connected by the relatons (Davd, 98 n ( ( n F r:n (x ( n+r F : (x n r n r+ where F r:n (x s the df of rth order statstcs. Thus the pdf of rth concomtants of order statstcs Y [r:n] s g [r:n] (y n n r+ and the kth moments of Y [r:n] s µ k [r:n] (y n n r+ ( ( n ( n+r g [:] (y n r ( ( n ( n+r µ (k n r [:](y. ( Here some mportant transformaton and formulas are presented, whch wll be used n the subsequent sectons (Prudnkov et al., 986; Srvastava and Karlsson, 985 (λ n ( + z a ( n ( λ n, n, 2, 3,..., λ, ±, ±2,..., ( ( p (a p z p, (2 p! p (λ + m λ(λ + m (λ m, where (λ m Γ(λ+m Γ(λ, λ,, 2,... (3 (λ + m + n λ(λ + m+n (λ m+n, (4 (λ m+n (λ m (λ + m n. Important denttes/result n hypergeometrc functon are a, b 2F ; z (a p (b p ( z p (c c p p p! (5 (6 s condtonally convergent for z, z f < Re(ω, 2F a, b ; Γ(cΓ(c a b, Re(c a b >, c,,, 2,..., (7 Γ(c aγ(c b c a, b x p 2F ; mx dx (m p Γ(cΓ(pΓ(a pγ(b p, (8 Γ(aΓ(bΓ(c p c

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 76 f < Re p < a, Re b; arg m < π (a, (a 2, (a 3 x s 3F 2 ; x dx Γ(b Γ(b 2 Γ(sΓ(a sγ(a 2 sγ(a 3 s, (9 Γ(a (b, (b 2 Γ(a 2 Γ(a 3 Γ(b sγ(b 2 s f < Re < s < Re a ;, 2, 3 3F 2 N,, a m,, 2 b, (b (a m F 2, (b + N (a b, a m, 3 2 b N, 2 a, (2 N,, N, m, 3F 2, (l F 2,, (N + l l, m 3 m, 2 N l (2 for m, 2,..., l N, N, N,... For real postve k, c and a postve nteger b b ( b ( a B(a + k, c B(k, c + b. (22 a a Note that (Erdély et al., 954 y x λ (x y µ Γ(λ µγµ dx y (µ λ, < Reµ < Re < λ Γλ (23 µ, v x v (a + x µ (x + y ρ ΓvΓ(µ v + ρ dx Γ(µ + ρa µ y (v ϱ 2F ; y a µ + ρ (24 f arg a < Π, Rev >, arg y < Π, Reρ > Re(v µ. Note that (Srvastava and Karlsson, 985 F p:q;k (a p; (b q ; (c k p l:m;n ; x, y (a q r+s (b k r (c s x r l (α l ; (β m ; (γ n ; r s (α m r+s (β n r (γ s r! s known as Kampé de Féret s seres. Note that (Prudnkov et al., 986 pf q α, α 2,..., α p ; z β β 2,..., β q k (α k (α 2 k...(α p k (z k (β k (β 2 k...(β q k k! y s s! (25 (26 s known as generalzed hypergeometrc seres. 2. Probablty densty functon of Y [r,n,m,k] For the bvarate Lomax dstrbuton as gven n (, usng (2, (3, (4 and (6 n (8, the pdf of rth concomtants of gos Y [r,n,m,k] s gven as g [r,n,m,k] (y α 2C r c(c + r ( r (r!(m + r ( α ( + α x + α 2 y c+2 dx. (27 ( + α x c(γr

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 77 Let t α x, then the R.H.S. of (27 reduces to α 2 C r (r!(m + r r c(c + Usng relaton (24 n (28, we get g [r,n,m,k] (y ( r ( ( + t + α 2 y (c+2 ( + t c(γr dt. (28 C r (r!(m + r c(c + (α 2 r ( ( + α 2 y (c+ ( (cγ r r c, (cγ r + 2 F ; α 2 y. (29 (cγ r + 2 We now prove that g [r,n,m,k] (ydy. We have, g [r,n,m,k] (ydy Usng relaton (6 n (3, we get C r (r!(m + r r c(c + α 2 ( + α 2 y (c+ 2 F α 2C r c(c + r ( r ( (r!(m + r cγ r + Let t + α 2 y, then R.H.S. of (3 becomes C r c(c + r (r!(m + r ( r ( Now usng relaton (23 n (32, we get C r (r!(m + r r c(c + p cγ r + ( r ( ( r ( (cγ r c, (cγ r + 2 (cγ r c p ( p ( p (cγ r + 2 p p! p cγ r + cγ r + (cγ r c p ( p ( p (cγ r + 2 p p! p ; α 2 y dy. (3 ( + α 2 y (c+ (α 2y p dy. (3 t (c+ (t p dt. (32 (cγ r c p ( p ( p Γ(c p. (cγ r + 2 p Γ(c + In vew of (, we have C r (r!(m + r r (c + ( r ( cγ r + 3 F 2 (cγ r c,, (cγ r + 2, ( c,. (33 Usng relaton (2 n (33, we get C r r ( r (r!(m + r ( 2F (cγ r c, ( c ;. (34 Now n vew of (7 n (34, we have n vew of (22. g [r,n,m,k] (ydy C r r ( r ( k (r!(m + r ( B m + + (n r +,

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 78 3. Moment of Y [r,n,m,k] In vew of (29, we have ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] y a g [r,n,m,k] (ydy C r (r!(m + (r!(m + p Lettng t + α 2 y n (35 we have r r c(c + ( r ( (cγ y a α r c, 2 ( + α 2 y (c+ 2 F (cγ r + 2 C r r r c(c + (cγ r c p ( p (cγ r + 2p! C r c(c + r ( r ( (α 2 a (r!(m + r cγ r + In vew of relaton (23, (36, becomes (α 2 a C r c(c + r ( r ( (r!(m + r cγ r + p ( ( r cγ r + ; α 2 y cγ r + dy y a (α 2 ( + α 2 y (c+ ( α 2y p dy. (35 p (cγ r c p ( p ( p (cγ r + 2p! (cγ r c p ( p ( p (cγ r + 2 p p! t (c+ ( t (p+a dt. (36 Γ(c a pγ(p + + a. (37 Γ(c + Now on usng ( n (37, we get after smplfcaton α a 2 C r ( r c(c + r ( (cγ Γ(c aγ( + a r c,, ( + a (r!(m + r 3F 2 cγ r + Γ(c + (cγ r + 2, ( c + a After applcaton of (2 n (38, we have cα2 a C r (c aγ(c a Γ( + a r ( r (r!(m + r ( 2F Γ(c + a, ( cγ r ( a Applyng (7 n (39, we get C r Γ(c + aγ( + a r ( r (α 2 a (r!(m + r ( cγ(c γ r a c, ;. (38. (39 α2 a C r Γ(c + aγ( + a r ( r ( k (r!(m + r ( a sb + (n r + Γ(c + m + c(m +,, whch after applcaton of (22, yelds ( E y (a [r,n,m,k] C r Γ(c + a Γ( + a Γ( k+(n r(m+ a c (α 2 a (m + r m+ cγ(c Γ( k+n(m+ a c Γ(c + a Γ( + a (α 2 a cγ(c r ( a cγ m+ (4 (4

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 79 Remark 3.. Set m, k n (4, to get moments of concomtants of order statstcs from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton ( E y (a [r:n] n! (α 2 a (n r! and at r, we get ( E y (a [:n] n (α 2 a (nc a Further, n vew of (, (42 becomes ( E y (a [r:n] n n r+ Γ(c + a Γ( + a Γ(n r + a c cγ(c Γ(n + a c Γ(c + a Γ( + a. (42 Γ(c ( ( n ( n+r Γ(c + a Γ( + a n r (c a(α 2 a. Γ(c Remark 3.2. At m n (4, we get moment of concomtants of kth upper record value from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton ( E y (a [r,n,,k] Γ(c + a Γ( + a (α 2 a cγ(c ( a. ck r Here n Table 3, t may be noted that the well known property of order statstcs n E(X :n ne(x (Davd and Nagaraa, 23 s satsfed. 4. Jont probablty densty functon of Y [r,n,m,k] and Y [s,n,m,k] For the bvarate Lomax dstrbuton as gven n (, usng (2, (3, (4 and (7 n (9, the ont pdf of rth and sth concomtants of gos Y [r,n,m,k] and Y [s,n,m,k] s gven as g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 C s c 2 (c + 2 (α (α 2 2 (r!(s r!(m + s 2 r s r ( + ( r ( s r ( + α x 2 c(γs ( + α x 2 + α 2 y 2 c+2 I(x 2, y dx 2 (43 where I(x 2, y x2 α ( + α x c(s r+ (m+ c ( + α x + α 2 y c+2 dx. (44 Let t ( + α x, then the R.H.S. of (44 reduces to I(x 2, y (λ β +αx 2 t α ( + t λ β dt, (45 where α c(s r + (m + c, β (c + 2 and λ α 2 y. Now on usng (2 n (45, and smplfyng, we get I(x 2, y (λ β p ( p (β p( λ p p! [ ] ( + α x 2 (α p. ( α + p +

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 8 Table : Mean of the concomtant of order statstcs n r α 2, c 2 α 2 2, c 3 α 2 3, c 4..25. 2.6667.2.952 2.3333.3.27 3.6.875.99 2.8.225.39 3.6.3375.385 4.574.88.889 2.6857.245.969 3.943.2455.8 4.8286.3682.478 5.5556.786.877 2.6349.948.936 3.769.292.2 4.59.2629.66 5 2.37.3945.555 6.5454.765.87 2.66.89.95 3.6926.263.976 4.832.232.65 5.82.2785.27 6 2.265.477.623 7.5385.75.864 2.5874.853.92 3.6527.985.949 4.7459.266.3 5.895.2436.5 6.935.2924.262 7 2.387.4386.683 Table 2: Mean of the concomtant of record statstcs r α 2, c 2, k α 2 2, c 3, k 2 α 2 3, c 4, k 3..2.99 2 2..24.992 3 4..288.8 4 8..3456.8 5 6..447.287 6 32..4977.44 7 64..5972.532 8 28..766.67 9 256..8599.823 52..39.989

Therefore, n vew of (43, we have Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 8 g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 c 2 (c + 2 (α (α 2 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 r s r ( + ( r ( s r (λ β p α ( + α x 2 (cγs c ( + α x 2 + α 2 y 2 c+2 [ ( + α x 2 (α p ( p (β p ( λ p ( α + p + p! ] dx. (46 Lettng t 2 ( + α x 2 n (46, and usng relaton (2, we get g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 c 2 (c + 2 (α 2 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 (λ β (δ β p where δ α 2 y 2 and θ cγ s c. Set d θ and g 2 θ α n (47, to get c2 (c + 2 (α 2 2 C s λ β δ β r (r!(s r!(m + s 2 s r (β p ( λ p p! After substtutng the value of λ and δ n (48, we get c 2 (c + 2 (α 2 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 l (β l ( l (d + ll! p r l s r (β l ( δ l l! ( ( ( + r s r r Usng relaton (3 and (4 n (49, t becomes Therefore c 2 (c + 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β s r ( + ( r ( + ( r p ( s r ( θ + l(2 θ α + l + p, (47 (β p ( λ p (g + p + lp! ( s r l (β l ( δ l (d + ll!. (48 (α 2 y 2 β (α 2 y β (β p ( α 2y p (g + p + lp!. (49 l p r s r ( + ( r (g p+l (g + p+l (β l (d l (β p ( s r ( α 2y p (d + l p! ( l l! dg. g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 c 2 (c + 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 (α 2 (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 y 2 β F :; :2; r s r ( + ( r ( s r (g; (β; (d; (β; ;, α 2y (g + ; (d + ; dg (5 where F :; :2; [ ] s as defned n (25.

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 82 We now prove that g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 dy dy 2 A g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 dy dy 2. We have F :; :2; (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β (g; (β; (d; (β; ;, α 2y (g + ; (d + ; dy dy 2 where Then, A c 2 (c + 2 C s (r!(s r!(m + s 2 r g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 dy dy 2 A On applyng (5 n (5, we can wrte (α 2 A (α 2 y 2 β l s r (g l (β l (d l ( (g + l (d + l l! ( + ( r p l l { ( s r (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β (g l+p (g + l+p (β l (d l (β p (α 2 (α 2 y β dg. ( α 2y p (d + l p! (g + l p (β p ( (g + l + p p! p ( α 2y p l l! dy dy 2. (5 dy }dy 2. (52 Now usng relaton (26 n (52, we have α 2 A (α 2 y 2 β (g l (β l (d l ( (g + l (d + l l! l l (α 2 (α 2 y β 2 F (β; (g + l (g + + l ; α 2y dy dy 2. (53 Now lettng t α 2y (α 2 y 2 A (α 2 y 2 β n (53, to get (g l (β l (d l ( (g + l (d + l l! l l t (β 2F (β; (g + l (g + + l ; t dt dy 2. Now n vew of relaton (8, we have (α 2 A (α 2 y 2 β (g l (β l (d l ( (g + l (d + l l! l Further, usng relaton (3 n (54, to get ga (α 2 (g β + (α 2 y 2 β l (g β + l (β l (d l ( (g β + 2 l (d + l l! l (g + l (β (g + l + β dy 2. (54 l dy 2. (55 Now usng relaton (26 n (55, we have ga (g + β; (β; (d (α 2 (g β + (α 2 y 2 β 3 F 2 ; dy 2. (56 (g + 2 β; (d +

Set t 2 ga (g β + Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 83 n (56, to get (t 2 (β 3F 2 Now on usng relaton (9 n (57, we have (g + β; (β; (d ; t 2 (g + 2 β; (d + dt 2. (57 Agd (β 2 (g + 2 2β(d + β. (58 Now after puttng the value of g, d, β, A n (58, we get Therefore, C s (r!(s r!(m + s n vew of (22. r s r g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 dy dy 2 s r ( + ( r ( s r [ k C s (r!(s r!(m + s ( ( + r ( k B m + + (n r +, B m+ + (n s + ] k [ m+ + (n r + ]. r ( s r ( k m + + (n s +,. 5. Product moments of two concomtants Y [r,n,m,k] and Y [s,n,m,k] The product moments of two concomtants Y [r,n,m,k] and Y [s,n,m,k] s gven by ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] Y (b [s,n,m,k] In vew of (5 and (59, we have ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] Y (b [s,n,m,k] A yy a 2 b (α 2 (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 y 2 β F :; :2; A On applyng (5 n (6, we have A y2 b (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β yy a 2 b (α 2 (α 2 (α 2 y β (α 2 y 2 β l y a y b 2 g [r,s,n,m,k] (y, y 2 dy dy 2. (59 (g l (β l (d l ( (g + l (d + l l! p l l (g; (β; (d; (β; ;, α 2y (g + ; (d + ; (g l+p (g + l+p (β l (d l (β p { Usng relaton (26 n (6, we have A y b (α 2 (g l (β l (d l ( l 2 (α 2 y 2 β (g + l (d + l l! l (β; (g + l y a (α 2 (α 2 y β 2 F (g + l + y a (α 2 (α 2 y β ( α 2y p (d + l p! ( l l! (β p (g + l p ( (g + + l p p! p ; α 2y α 2y p dy dy 2. dy dy 2. (6 dy }dy 2. (6 dy dy 2. (62

Settng t α 2y Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 84 n (62, to get A (α 2 a y2 b (α 2 (g l (β l (d l ( l (α 2 y 2 β (g + l (d + l l! l (β; (g + l t (β a 2F ; t (g + l + dt dy 2. (63 On usng relaton (8 n (63, we have A (g + lγ(β a Γ(a + (α 2 a Γ(β(g + l + β + a y2 b (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β l (g l (β l (d l ( l (g + l (d + l l! dy 2. Now n vew of relaton (3 and (26, we have Let t 2 Γ(β a Γ(a + (g + β + a Γ(β (d; (g + β + a; (β 3 F 2 (d + ; (g + 2 β + a A (α 2 a g n (64, we have A g (α 2 a+b 3 F 2 (g + β + a Usng relaton (9 n (65, to get A Γ(β a Γ(a + (α 2 a+b Γ(β Γ(β a Γ(a + Γ(β y2 b ; (d; (g + β + a; (β ; t 2 (d + ; (g + 2 β + a Γ(β b Γ(b + Γ(β (α 2 (α 2 y 2 β dy 2. (64 t (β b 2 dt 2. (65 dg (d β + b + (g 2β + a + b + 2. (66 Now puttng the value of A, d, g and β n (66, we have ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] Y (b c 2 (c + 2 C s Γ(c a + Γ(a + [s,n,m,k] (α 2 (a+b (r!(s r!(m + s 2 Γ(c + 2 Γ(c b + Γ(b + Γ(c + 2 r s r [c{k + (n s + (m + } b] ( + ( r ( s r [c{k + (n r + (m + } a b] (c + 2 C s Γ(c a + Γ(a + (α 2 (a+b (r!(s r!(m + s 2 Γ(c + 2 ( k r Γ(c b + Γ(b + Γ(c + 2 s r ( ( s r ( ( r B ( k b B + (n s + m + + (n r + a m + c(m +,. + b c(m +, (67

In vew of relaton (22, we get Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 85 (c + 2 C s Γ(c a + Γ(a + Γ(c b + Γ(b + (α 2 (a+b (r!(s r!(m + s 2 Γ(c + 2 Γ(c + 2 ( k B + (n r a + b ( k m + c(m +, r b B + (n s m + c(m +, s r, whch after smplfcaton yelds ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] Y (b C s [s,n,m,k] (α 2 (a+b Γ( k (m+ + (n r a+b Γ( k (m+ + n c(m+ a+b c(m+ Γ(c a + Γ(a + (m + s 2 Γ(c + k Γ( (m+ + (n s b + (n r b Γ( k (m+ c(m+ c(m+. Γ(c b + Γ(b + Γ(c + ( E Y (a [r,n,m,k] Y (b Γ(c a + Γ(a + Γ(c b + Γ(b + [s,n,m,k] (α 2 (a+b Γ(c + Γ(c + r a+b ( cγ s r+ ( b cγ. (68 Remark 5.. Set m, k n (67, to get product moments of concomtants of order statstcs from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton ( E Y (a [r:n] Y (b [s:n] C r,s:n r s r Γ(c a + Γ(a + Γ(c b + Γ(b + (α 2 (a+b Γ(c Γ(c ( ( r s r ( + [sc nc c c + b] [rc nc c c + a + b]. ( E Y (a [r:n] Y (b [s:n] (α 2 (a+b n! (n s! a+b Γ(n r + c b Γ(n s + c Γ(n + a+b c Γ(n r + b c. Γ(c a + Γ(a + Γ(c b + Γ(b + Γ(c + Γ(c + Remark 5.2. If m, n (68, then we get product moment of concomtants of kth upper record value from bvarate Lomax dstrbuton as ( E Y (a [r,n,,k] Y (b [s,n,,k] Γ(c a + Γ(a + (α 2 (a+b Γ(c + Γ(c b + Γ(b + Γ(c + ( a+b ck r ( b. ck (s r Acknowledgement Authors are grateful to Dr. Haseeb Athar, Algarh Muslm Unversty, Algarh, Inda, for hs help and suggestons throughout the preparaton of ths manuscrpt. The authors are also thankful to learned referee for hs/her comments whch led mprovement n the manuscrpt.

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 86 Table 3: Product moments between the concomtants of order statstcs: α 2 c 3 n s \ r 2 3 4 5 -.82 2.23 2 -.65 -.23 3 -.633 2.266.582 3 -.633 -.79 -.582 4.537 2.3323.3798 3.329.59.899 4 -.665 -.759 -.949 -.898 5.7669 2.5577.635 3.3486.3834.4382 4.394.534.753.29 5 -.697 -.767 -.876 -.96 -.29 Table 4: Product moments between the concomtants of order statstcs: α 2 2 c 4 n s \ r 2 3 4 5 -.64 2.7 2 -.57 -.85 3.48 2.75.24 3 -.58 -.68 -.2 4.666 2.424.466 3.82.99.233 4 -.6 -.67.78 -.7 5.942 2.69.74 3.439.47.58 4.88.22.222.259 5 -.63 -.67 -.74 -.86 -.29

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 87 Table 5: Product moments between the concomtants of order statstcs: α 2 3 c 5 n s \ r 2 3 4 5 -.3 2.48 2 -.2 -.6 3. 2.49.55 3 -.2 -.4 -.8 4.77 2.4.22 3.5.54.6 4 -.3 -.4 -.5 -.2 5.246 2.82.92 3.7.23.33 4.52.55.59.66 5 -.3 -.4 -.5 -.7 -.22 Table 6: Product moments between the concomtants of record statstcs: s r α 2, c 3 α 2 2, c 4 α 2 3, c 5.3333.33.74 2.5.47.93 2..625.23 3.75.555.6 2.5.833.54 3 3..25.26 4.25.74.45 2 2.25..93 3 4.5.667.257 4 9..25.343 5.6875.988.8 2 3.375.48.24 3 6.75.2222.322 4 3.5.3333.429 5 27..5.572

Nayabuddn / ProbStat Forum, Volume 6, October 23, Pages 73 88 88 References Ahsanullah, M., Beg, M.I. (26 Concomtant of generalzed order statstcs n Gumbel s bvarate exponental dstrbuton, Journal of Statstcal Theory and Applcatons 6, 8 32. Anwar Z., Athar H., Khan R.U. (27 Expectaton denttes based on recurrence relatons of functon of generalzed order statstcs, J. Statst. Res. 4(2, 93 2. Arnold, B.C. (983 Pareto Dstrbutons, Internatonal Cooperatve Publshng House, Farland, Maryland. Athar H., Nayabuddn (22 On moment generatng functon of generalzed order statstcs from extended generalzed half logstc dstrbuton and ts characterzaton, South Pacfc Journal of Pure and Appled Mathematcs (,. Athar H., Nayabuddn (23 Recurrence relatons for sngle and product moments of generalzed order statstcs from Marshall- Olkn extended general class of dstrbutons, J. Stat. Appl. Prob. 2(2, 63 72. Athar H., Nayabuddn, Saba Khald Khwaa (23 Relatons for moments of generalzed order statstcs from Marshall-Olkn extended Webull dstrbuton and ts characterzaton, ProbStat Forum 5, 27 32. Athar H., Saba Khald Khwaa, Nayabuddn (22 Expectaton denttes of Pareto dstrbuton based on generalzed order statstcs and ts characterzaton, AJAMMS (, 23-29. Balakrshnan, N., Ahsanullah, M. (994 Relatons for sngle and product moments of record values from Lomax dstrbuton, Sankhya B(56, 4 46. Balkema, A.A., de Haan, L. (974 Resdual lfe tme at great age, Ann. Probab. 2, 792 84. Beg, M.I., Ahsanullah, M. (28 Concomtants of generalzed order statstcs from Farle-Gumbel-Morgenstern dstrbutons, Statstcal Methodology 5, 2. Davd, H.A. (98 Order Statstcs, 2nd edn, John Wley and Sons, New York. Davd, H.A., Nagaraa, H.N. (23 Order Statstcs, John Wley, New York. Erdély, A., Magnus, W., Oberhetnger, F., Trcom, F.G. (954 Tables of Integral Transforms Vol. I and Vol. II, MC Graw-Hll, New York. Fazan M., Athar H. (28 Moments of generalzed order statstcs from a general class of dstrbutons, Journal of Statstcs 5, 36 43. Kamps, U. (995 A concept of generalzed order statstcs, B.G. Teubner Stuttgart, Germany (Ph. D. Thess. Kamps, U., Cramer, E. (2 On dstrbuton of generalzed order statstcs, Statstcs 35, 269 28. Khan, A.H., Khan R.U., Yaqub, M. (26 Characterzaton of contnuous dstrbutons through condtonal expectaton of generalzed order statstcs, J. Appl. Prob. Statst, 5 3. Khan A.H., Anwar Z., Athar, H. (29 Exact moments of generalzed and dual generalzed order statstcs from a general form of dstrbutons, J. Statst. Sc (, 27 44. Lomax, K.S. (954 Busness falures. Another example of the analyss of falure data, J. Amer. Statst. Assoc. 49, 847 852. Nayak, T.K. (987 Multvarate Lomax dstrbuton: Propertes and usefulness n relablty theory, J. Appl. Prob. 24, 7 77. Prudnkov, A.P., Brychkov, Y.A., Marchev, I. (986 Integral and seres Vol. 3, More Specal Functons, Gordon and Breach Scence Publsher, New York. Sankaran, P.G., Nar, N.U. (993 A bvarate Pareto model and ts applcatons to relablty, Naval Research Logstcs 4, 3 2. Srvastava, H.M., Karlsson, P.W. (985 Multple Gaussan Hypergeometrc seres, John Wley and Sons, New York. Tahmaseb, S., Behboodan, J. (22 Shannon nformaton for concomtants of generalzed order statstcs n Farle-Gumbel- Morgenstern (FGM famly, Bull. Malays. Math. Sc. Soc. 34(4, 975 98. Tavangar M., Asad M. (28 On a characterzaton of generalzed Pareto dstrbuton based on generalzed order statstcs, Commun. Statst. Theory Meth. 37, 347 352.