Bull. Earthq. Res. Inst. Univ. Tokyo Vol. 2,,**1 pp. -./ -/3,**1 + + + +,, - *. +, -. Crustal Deformation Associated with the,**1 Noto Hanto Earthquake and Late Quaternary Marine Terrace Distribution on the Western Coast of the Noto Peninsula + + + + Masaaki Hamada *, Takeo Noguchi, Fumihiro Anada, Koji Nohara, Takahiro Miya-,, -. uchi, Kazuki Watanabe, Hiroyuki Yamaguchi and Hiroshi Sato +, - Hokuriku Electric Power Co., Ltd., Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Daiwa Geological Laboratory, Inc., Earthquake Research Institute, the University of. Tokyo Abstract The,**1 Noto Hanto earthquake produced a coastal uplift in the epicentral area, where several coastal terraces are widely distributed. To reveal the long-term activity of the source fault, we compared the altitude distribution of the former shorelines on coastal terraces and Holocene emerged shoreline with coseismic uplifts associated with the Noto Hanto earthquake. The + m- digital elevation model obtained by airborne LiDAR was used for identifying of the former shorelines and evaluating the altitude of coastal terraces. The altitude pattern of the former shorelines on the middle coastal terrace, which corresponds to sea level of +,* ka (MIS/ e), is concordant with the crustal deformation associated with the,**1 Noto Hanto earthquake. Under the assumption that the coastal uplift represents the cumulative crustal deformation produced by similar earthquake events to the,**1 one, the average recurrence interval of earthquake events is estimated to be +/** years. Key words: the,**1 Noto Hanto Earthquake, marine terraces, Airborne LiDAR, crustal deformation, Holocene emerged shoreline topography +,**+,**1 -,/ 3., Table + M 03. j Ozawa et al.,,**2,**1,**1,**1,**1 +310 +313,**1 * e-mail: m.hamada@rikuden.co.jp 3-* 2020 +/ + 345
Table +. Classification and correlation of marine,**1 terraces on the western coast of Noto Peninsula.,,,**1 -,0. 1,**1 ++, - +. C AD+3/* Libby /,/02 OxCal -. +* Ozawa et al.,**2 GPS Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry InSAR, - +, / e, + + m-dem + m- + m-dem DEM + m-dem,.,**1 + m-dem,,+ -,**1,**0 +* +, - + + m-dem + m-dem Fig. +,**1 DEM,** m 346
,**1 Fig. +. The vertical displacement map and longitudinal profile between Amamisaki to Kaiso. The vertical displacement map found by DEM di# erence of elevation on along the road. Longitudinal profiles of di# erence of elevation projected onto a north-south direction. Red star indicated the epicenter of the mainshock. 347
Fig.,. Location of investigation and height distribution of Pomatoleios kraussii. +. Rhombic mark is C dating samples. 0 cm, /. cm, 02cm *./. m *-. m AD+3/* modern 2km 1* cm,**1 - km. -, 3 +. Fig., - / + cm Fig. - / cm : +-* -3* m * cm +*,* cm : 0*,** m +*.* + / cm +* 1* cm +.,+ cm 348
,**1 Fig. -. Distribution map of the terraces surface in the western coast of Noto Peninsula. :,/ 1* m +*,/ m,* m Fig...* m Loc. + m-dem + +1. m 349
Fig... The birds-eye view of Red Relief Image Map of + m-dem (upper) and Ortho Image (lower), and columnar section at Chinoura. +,. m Loc.. bo 3./ :,**- Fig. / + m-dem : Loc.,, + m-dem L + L, Fig. 0 Loc. - 350
,**1 Fig. /. Topography and columnar sections at Yadome. Map is using the Red Relief Image Map of + m-dem. Fig. 1 Fig. ++ L+ L, Fig. +, Fig. 2 Fig. 1, 2 ++ m L+ C, D, K L+ B 12 m ++ m L, - //. m L,. 0m F -2. m 351
Fig. 0. Index map of the detailed description of Holocene emerged shoreline topography. 352
,**1 Fig. 1. Distributions (dotted area) and topographic cross sections (insets) of Holocene emerged shoreline topography in Wajima area. Fig. 3 roof,**1 point -*. m, retreat point,-. m L, L M /0. m L+ O M Fig. ++ Fig. +* P / m L+ / m L+ L+ Q N - m L, 353
Fig. 2. Distributions (dotted area) and topographic cross sections (insets) of Holocene emerged shoreline topography in Minazuki area. +/. m R, / Omura +32* /+ M+ +, + m-dem +- +331 Fig. +- M+ -* m +,./ 0- m *./ m,0 m,0 m *., m 0- m -1 m 354
,**1 Fig. 3. Distributions (dotted area) and topographic cross sections (insets) of Holocene emerged shoreline topography in Monzen area. /, L Fig. +, AK Fig. +- N L L+ 2 +* m R 0 m L, 0m -/. m, m +32, Lam- beck, +322 ; Clark et al., +312,**1 L+ L, 355
Fig. +*. Distributions (dotted area) and topographic cross sections (insets) of Holocene emerged shoreline topography in Tsurugiji area. *-. *./. m 0,**1 InSAR -+. + m-dem Fig. + Fig. +- 356
,**1 Fig. ++. Distributions (dotted area) and topographic cross sections (insets) of Holocene emerged shoreline topography in Togi area. Fig. +,. Height distribution of Holocene emerged shoreline topography. a, b, c is points on the projection line and AR indicate the position of topographic cross-sections. 357
Fig. +-. Height distribution of former shorelines of middle terrace, L +, L, and crustal movement with The,**1 Noto Hanto Earthquake. 358
,**1,**+ 0- m,0 m -1 m + m-dem *./. m +,./ 2- -1 m *./. m +,/** 1,**1 + m-dem,**1 *./. m -1m 2- +,/** +3 +3,**1,**1,**1,**1 Z,// -P*,, Clark, J.A., W.E. Farrell, and W.R. Peltier, +312, Global changes in postglacial sea level: A numerical calculation, Quaternary Res., 3,,0/,21.,**1,**1 2, -*+ -+,.,**+ +*/ p.,**- --0p.,**+ +/1 +03. Lambeck, K., +322,.+ -..-.//.,**1,**1 2, -,+ --+.,**1 0+ CD Omura, A., +32*, Uranium-series age of the Hiradoko and Uji shell beds, Noto Peninsula, Central Japan, Transaction of Proc. Palaeont. Soc. Japan, N.S., ++1,,.1,/- +310 +2*,,3 // 1* +313 /, +03 +23 +32, Atlas of Holocene sea-level records in Japan,+ +-- +.-. +331 + : +**,*** D+ -No. -.1 Ozawa, S., H. Yarai, M. Tobita, H. Une, and T. Nishimura,,**2, Crustal deformation associated with the Noto Hanto Earthquake in,**1 in Japan, Earth Planets Space, 0*, 3/ 32.,**1,**1 +32,,**1 P+ *,2,**1 +3,**1 +. --.0. Received February +,,**2 Accepted March 3,,**2 359