J. Hot Spring Sci. 0* +0+ +10,*+* + + + + +,,,, 1 1,, 2,1 Investigation of the Influence of Lift Pump Installation Based on the Guideline for the Protection of Hot Spring Resources + + + + Yasunori M ORI, Hideki Y OSHIMURA, Akira M AEDA, Kyoko S HIMURA, +,, Kazuyuki O HKUMA, Masaaki KONDO and Takamitsu KAJISA Abstract An investigation of the influence of lift pump installation on water quality by the Methods of influence investigation of lift pump installation provided in the Guideline for the protection of hot spring resources was conducted in the Yunoyama area, Mie Prefecture. Since few such investigations have been reported nationwide, we compiled a survey of the available results of such investigations, and also presumed the behavior of the hot spring water under the ground in the Yunoyama area. Although it is assumed that variation of water quality is stable under both incremental and continuous pumping up in the observation wells, it is recognized that incremental pumping up causes a geochemical anomaly such as decreasing of ph and concentration of fluoride and chloride ions in the target well. Concentration of fluoride ion strongly correlates with that of chloride ion in the Yunoyama area. It is assumed, therefore, that the aquifer has a function of major source of both fluoride and chloride ions to the hot springs. The di# erence of the ratio of concentration of fluoride and chloride ions in the target and the observation wells suggests strongly, however, that the sources of aquifers of these wells are di# erent. Accordingly, it is thought that the hot spring sources may not compete with each other. Because the water quality of hot springs can be significantly a# ected by conditions of pumping up, it is recommended that such geochemical consideration should be incorporated into the evaluation method based on the guideline. /+, +,++ -02. ++ Mie Prefecture Health and Environment Research Institute, -02. ++ Sakura-cho, Yokkaichi /+, +,++, Japan. /+. 2/*1 +/11 Graduate School of Bioresources, Mie University, +/11 Kurimamachiya-cho, Tsu /+. 2/*1, Japan. + +,, 161
Key words : Guideline for the protection of hot spring resources, Yunoyama spa, Fluoride ion, Chloride ion ph, F Cl Cl F F Cl : +,**1,**3,*+* ;,**2,*+* 162
0*,*+*,,+ +3.2 1 +* +,/ - ++,*2 m, /-1* m 2* m -,,, Fig. + +, 2** m,**, Table + 163
Fig. + Location of the observation and target wells on the schematic geologic map (after Hot Spring Research Center, +30, ). Table + Water quality of the observation and target wells Monitoring items Observation well + Target well Date of analysis,3/nov/,**. +, /Dec/,**2 +, /Dec/,**2 Water temperature ( ) ph Quantity of water discharge (L/min) Na (mg/kg) K (mg/kg), Ca (mg/kg) F (mg/kg) Cl (mg/kg), SO. (mg/kg) H, SiO - (mg/kg) HBO, (mg/kg) Rn (Bq/kg),04+,+4. +/43 34+ 242 24, 3* +. -,.14. -340 034, *40 *42 +42,42.40 ++4. ++4/ 24- /4* +*4,,*4* +,40.43.41 143,34,,34, +040,42,40.4+ +-1 --4. +++ + The observation wells : Composite samples were analyzed because their springs are located very close each other4 164
0*,*+* ++./ mgkg, +-1 Bqkg, mgkg, 1. Bqkg /*. mgkg,** m /.* mgkg, +++ Bqkg +30, +31* +323 +300 K-Ar 0/ Ma,**/ 1,**0 1 +,**0 Fig., ph,,. Fig. - Na F Cl SO Rn,-,**2 + 0 Lmin, 3Lmin - +2 Lmin. -- Lmin / -0 Lmin /,/ L min +1.*, Fig., Observed data of water temperature, ph and quantity of water discharge from July,,**/ to July,,**0 at the observation wells (data from Mori et al.,,**0). Symbols :, Observation well ;, Observation well ;, Observation well. 165
, Fig. - Observed data of Na, F, Cl, SO. and Rn Table, -- / -- - / concentrations from July,,**/ to July,,**0 at observation wells (data from Mori et al.,,**0). Symbols :, Observation well ;, Observation well ;, Observation well. - ph 166
0*,*+* Table, Observation period and monitoring items Date of Investigation Well Monitoring items investigation Target well ++ /Aug/,**3 Water level Preliminary investigation Observation +2 /Aug /,**3 Quantity of water dischargewater temperatureph, well,//aug /,**3 F Cl SO. Na Rn, well F Cl SO. Na Rn Target well 2 /Sep/,**3 Water level Follow-up investigation Observation +/ /Sep/,**3 Quantity of water dischargewater temperatureph, well,./sep/,**3 F Cl SO. Na Rn,**3 Na, Cl SO. F Rn,. : ph : HM-0* G, F Cl SO. : : Air-C H,, :HCl Water levelquantity of water dischargewater temperatureph, Target well Influence F Cl SO. /Sep/ Na Rn investigation +,**3 Observation Quantity of water discharge Water temperature ph : + : Na :AA-02** :DX-+,* : AS-,-.,/* mm AG-,-. /* mm : ASRS-**. mm :./. mmoll Na CO */. mmollnahco : +**. mlmin, - - 167
: *./. mm Rn : :LB-/ : Yasuoka et al.,,**3 - -+ ph, Fig.. /, Na F Cl SO. Rn Fig.,-. 2,0. +,1..,1. 0,*. 2,+. 3 ph 2/+. 3*.. 22/. 3*0. 2,-. 22...-0- Lmin, +0,+ Lmin, +,,. Lmin **2. +.*. m F Rn F 1. 2 +,. 1 mgkg, +*. 0 +,./ mgkg,.3. 33. mg kg F, mgkg,, Rn 3.. 3 ++. Bqkg, 1.. 213./ Bqkg, /*. + /0. + Bqkg Rn 1. Bqkg Rn, Fig.. Temporal variation of water temperature, ph and quantity of water discharge, respectively, observed in preliminary and follow-up investigations. Symbols :, Observation well ;, Observation well ;, Observation well. Dotted line indicates the date of influence investigation ( + /Sep/,**3). -, ph, Fig. 0 Na F Cl SO Rn,. Fig. 1 168
0*,*+* 0 Lmin + :Q+ 3 Lmin, :Q, +2 Lmin - : Q--- Lmin. :Q. -0 Lmin / :Q/,/. 2,1./,1. 1,+. 1 +0. + +0.. *. + ph 23/. 3*2. 3*.. 3+-. 211. 220., Fig. / Temporal variation of Na, F, Cl, SO. and Fig. 0 Temporal variation of water temperature, ph Rn concentrations, respectively, observed in prelimof and quantity of water discharge respectively, obinary and follow-up investigations. Symbols :, served in the influence investigation ( + /Sep/,**3). Observation well ;, Observation well ;, Q+ Q/ represent the stage of quantity of water Observation well. Dotted line indicates the date discharge in the examination of incremental pump- influence investigation ( + /Sep/,**3). Rn data on +/ /Sep/,**3 were not shown because of trouble ing up. Symbols :, Observation well ;,Ob- servation well ;, Observation well ;, tarof liquid scintillation counter. get well. 169
+ 20.. - 22-.. 2.-. / 2*-. ph.0 /+ Lmin, +2 +3 Lmin, +- +. Lmin Na, SO. + +2. mgkg / 0+,. mgkg F Cl F,... mgkg /. + mgkg Cl +,., mgkg... mgkg + +0. mgkg / +*,. mgkg Rn +.31. Bqkg / 2.,. Bqkg, Fig. 1 Temporal variation of Na, F, Cl, SO. and Rn concentrations, respectively, observed in a influence investigation ( + /Sep/,**3). Q+ Q / : See Fig. 0 caption. Symbols :, Observation well ;, Observation well ;, Observation well ;, target well. -- Fig. 2 Fig. 3. --Lmin,**2 Lmin Lmin *2.. --L min LminLmin *2. -- *. 2,0..,/ Lmin 170
0*,*+* Fig. 2 Temporal variation of drawdown in the examination of incremental pumping up. Q+ Q / : See Fig. 0 caption. Fig. 3 Relationship between volume of pumping up and drawdown in the examination of incremental pumping up. Q+ Q / : See Fig. 0 caption.,0.. Lmin,/ Lmin Fig. +*..+ CV CV inf CV CV Table - inf CV CV inf tar tar tar 171
Fig. +* Temporal recovery of water level after stopping of continuous pumping up for +, 1.* min at,/ L/min. Table - Comparison of the coe$ cients of variation of the observed results between the observation wells and the target one Monitoring items Water temperature ph Na F Cl, SO. Rn The average of CVinf (Observation well ) Na CVinf,-*. CVtar.1. 1+ F CVinf /./+ CVtar01. 1/ Fig. 0, Fig. 1 ph, Na F Cl SO. Rn CV tar *4*3 *41* *4./ -401,4-*.141+ /4/+ 0141/ 04+. /-4+2 /43* 0/42- +4.3-14++.,,**0 F Cl, F Cl,**0 F Cl Fig. ++ *. 3/1 F Cl Cl *0,. F,/. obs obs F Cl F Cl + / 172
0*,*+* Fig. ++ Correlation between concentration of fluoride ion and that of chloride ion observed in this study and previous study (data from Mori et al.,,**0). Cl. F. tar*.- tar+1 *. 330 F Cl FCl.- F Cl F Cl *0,. *.-. F Cl Fig. ++ F Cl +, - F Cl. / - F Cl /.. / F Cl FCl F Cl. mgkg Cl,**+ F. / F Rn Rn -2. Rn Rn Rn Rn 173
..,**0 Cl F,**0 F Cl F Cl F Cl F Cl F Cl F Cl FCl F : Cl +* : 3 F : Cl +* : 0 F Cl, SO. F Cl, SO.,**0 + /, SO. SO SO 0-..,,. Q/. Q+ / + 0 Na / Na F Cl SO,. F Cl 174
0*,*+* - - /,**1 :,**1, 0 +30, : + +,. +31* : + 3. +323 : / + /31*.,**, :,**, - + 20.,**3 :,**3 - + /1. +300 : K-Ar dating 0/ +3+,,+.,*+* : /3 -,* --3.,**2 :,**2 +* +,**0 : /+ -+ -2. 175
,*+* : 0*,, -0.,**+ : -- /,.,**3 : /3 +/3 +0/.,**2 : 0+,/. Yasuoka, Y., Ishikawa, T., Fukuhori, N. and Tokonami, S. (,**3) : Comparison of simplified liquid scintillation counter (Triathler) with conventional liquid scintillation counter in the measurement of radon concentration in water. J. Hot Spring Sci., /3, ++,+.,*+* 3 +/ 0-176