Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, FDNPP m 2 FDNPP. : 1400 m. FDNPP km. Tessier 4

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1 BUNSEKI KAGAKU Vol. 66, No. 3, pp The Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry 175 1, Cs, 137 Cs Cs Fe, Mn 137 Cs 1 Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, FDNPP Cs, 137 Cs FDNPP 250 km Bq kg Cs : 30 FDNPP km koi@meiji.ac.jp 1 : : : : : m 2 : 1400 m 3 FDNPP FDNPP γ Tessier

176 B U N S E K I K A G A K U Vol. 66 2017 6 7 7 137 Cs 3 g 137 Cs HPGe γ Fig. 1 Sampling locations in this study : Topography is based on ROOTS PRO Japan (HEIBONSHA. C. P. C.). 5 cm Fig.

2 176 B U N S E K I K A G A K U Vol Cs 3 g 137 Cs HPGe γ Fig. 1 Sampling locations in this study : Topography is based on ROOTS PRO Japan (HEIBONSHA. C. P. C.). 5 cm Fig. 1 FDNPP 240 km mm U-8 U-8 ; : 55 mmh : 48 mmφ 50 mm 100 mm 5 mm 5 mm Ge HPGe; PGT, Inc. IGC NPR γ 134 Cs kev 137 Cs kev γ JSAC IE CB Fe, Mn OX OB RES 2 4 X X Rigaku Smart Lab 1 X D/teX Ultra 250 Cu X 45 kv 200 ma 2 mm CMT TI /2θ 3 min /6 20 mm rpm 3 X PDXL γ Fig. 2 FDNPP Cs FDNPP Cs 134 Cs 137 Cs Cs 137 Cs 8 Fig. 3 Fig Cs/ 137 Cs FDNPP

: 177 Fig. 2 Gamma - ray spectra of soil sampled in Kawasaki A) 11, Apr. 2004, B) 12, Oct. 2011, C) 9, Apr. 2013, D) 5, Sep., 2016.

3 : 177 Fig. 2 Gamma - ray spectra of soil sampled in Kawasaki A) 11, Apr. 2004, B) 12, Oct. 2011, C) 9, Apr. 2013, D) 5, Sep., Cs 134 Cs Cs Bq kg Cs 137 Cs Cs 137 Cs Fig Cs Cs OX RES 25 OX 75 RES OX Fe, Mn RES Cs IE CB OB OX RES 5 RES Fig. 3 Activity concentrations and ratios of radiocesium in soil sampled in Kawasaki : Activity concentrations of radiocesium in soil sampled after the FDNPP accident have been corrected to the sampling date. : Activity ratios of radiocesium in soil sampled after the FDNPP accident have been corrected to the 15, Mar , 134 Cs;, 137 Cs;, Activity ratio ( 134 Cs/ 137 Cs). Fig. 4 Chemical form of 137 Cs in soil sampled in Kawasaki, OX;, RES Cs Cs/ 137 Cs Table 1 1 Terada 13 Worldwide version of System for Prediction of Environmental Emergency Dose Information, W-SPEEDI 100 Fig. 1 FDNPP : 2145 m : 2956 m :

4 178 B U N S E K I K A G A K U Vol Table 1 Activity concentrations and ratios of radiocesium in soil sampled in Kawasaki and Nakano Sampling area Sampling Year Activity concentration ( 1σ) /Bq kg Cs 137 Cs 134 Cs/ 137 Cs Kawasaki Nakano : Activity concentrations of radiocesium in soil sampled after the FDNPP accident have been corrected to the sampling date. : Activity ratios of radiocesium in soil sampled after the FDNPP accident have been corrected to 15, Mar Fig. 5 Activity of 137 Cs in 3 g of soil sampled in Kawasaki and Nakano in 2016, OX;, RES m Terada Cs Cs Fig Cs OX 25 RES Cs OX 90 RES 10 OX RES X X Fig. 6 Fig. 6 X-ray diffraction patterns of soil sampled in Kawasaki and Nakano A) Kawasaki, B) Nakano. Bi, Biotite; Cal, Calcite; Chl, Chlorite; Mg, Magnetite; Mus, Muscovite; Pl, Plagioclase; Qtz, Quartz FDNPP FDNPP 5

5 : 179 Fe, Mn ) : :, available from < monitoring/result_pw pdf>, (accessed 2, Oct. 2016). 2) : 9, 41 (2013). 3) : 54, 160 (2012). 4) A. Tessier, P. G. C. Campbell, M. Bisson : Anal. Chem., 51, 844 (1979). 5) : Radioisotopes, 55, 205 (2006). 6) Y. Iwahana, A. Ohbuchi, Y. Koike, M. Kitano, T. Nakamura : Anal. Sci., 29, 61 (2013). 7) : 34, 1 (2016). 8) UNSCEAR, United Nations Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation: Sources and Effects of Ionizing Radiation. Report to the General Assembly, United Nations, New York, USA (2008). 9) K. Adachi, M. Kajino, Y. Zaizen, Y. Igarashi : Sci. Rep., 3, 1 (2013). 10) : (Bunseki Kagaku), 62, 475 (2013). 11) : Proceedings of the 15th Workshop on Environmental Radioactivity, 2014, ) : 97, 33 (2015). 13) H. Terada, G. Katata, M. Chino, H. Nagai : J. Environ. Radioactivity, 112, 141 (2012). 14) H. Mukai, A. Hirose, S. Motai, R. Kikuchi, K. Tanoi, T. M. Nakanishi, T. Yaita, T. Kogure : Sci. Rep., 6, 1 (2016). 15) M. Okumura, H. Nakamura, M. Machida : J. Phys. Sci. J., 82, (2013).

6 180 B U N S E K I K A G A K U Vol Characterization of Radiocesium in Soil Sampled at the Koshinetsu and Kanto Regions Kotaro OCHI 1,5, Kengo FUJII 1, Kenta HAGIWARA 2, Atsushi OHBUCHI 3 and Yuya KOIKE 4 koi@meiji.ac.jp 1 Applied Chemistry Course, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Organization for the Strategic Coordination of Research and Intellectual Properties, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa X-ray Instrumental Division, Rigaku Corporation, 14-8, Akaoji, Takatsuki-shi, Osaka Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science and Technology, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashimita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa Current Address: Fukushima Environmental Safety Center, Sector of Fukushima Research and Development, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, , Sukakeba, Kaibama, Haramachi-ku, Minamisoma-shi, Fukushima (Received October 14, 2016; Accepted January 16, 2017) Fukushima-derived radiocesium ( 134 Cs and 137 Cs) was spread out all over the world after the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP) accident. After this accident, radiocesium was detected in soil at the Koshinetsu and Kanto regions. In this study, the activity concentration and the chemical forms of radiocesium in soil were analyzed for predicting any long-term effect of radiocesium in soil at low-dose areas. It is revealed that the distribution of radiocesium depends on the kind of clay minerals in soil. During passing years after the FDNPP accident, the activity concentrations of radiocesium in soil were nearly constant because of the insoluble chemical form. It is suggested that radiocesium would be fixed to minerals in soil for a long time. Keywords: Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant accident; Radiocesium; Koshinetsu region; Kanto region; chemical form.

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