Master List of the Butterflies of Cristalino Lodge, based on master list from Rancho Grande, Rondônia

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1 Master List of the Butterflies of, based on master list from Rancho Grande, Rondônia Note: English names are not standardized PAPILIONIDAE (SWALLOWTAILS) Confused Swallowtail Battus belus belus White- rayed Swallowtail Battus crassus Yellow- trailed Swallowtail Battus lycidas Gold Rim Battus polydamas polydamas False Cattleheart Mimoides ariarathes gayi Longwing Swallowtail Mimoides pausanias pausanias Broad- banded Swallowtail Papilio astyalus phanias Hyppason Swallowtail Papilio hyppason Ruby- spotted Swallowtail Papilio anchisiades anchisiades Citrus Swallowtail Papilio androgeus androgeus Southern Band- gapped Swallowtail Papilio garleppi interruptos Thoas Swallowtail Papilio thoas Band- gapped Swallowtail Papilio torquatus torquatus Aeneas Cattleheart Parides aeneas Anchises Cattleheart Parides anchises humaita Chabrias Cattleheart Parides chabrias Lysander Cattleheart Parides lysander brissonius Neophyte Cattleheart Parides neophilus consus Panthonus Cattleheart Parides panthonus Scarce Cattleheart Parides pizarro steinbachi Phosphorus Cattleheart Parides phosphorus vavi Emerald- patched Cattleheart Parides sesostris sesostris Vertumnus Cattleheart Parides vertumnus Short- lined Kite- Swallowtail Protographium agesilaus autosilaus Orange Kite- Swallowtail Protographium thyastes Aguiari Kite- Swallowtail Protesilaus aguiari Glaucolaus Kite- Swallowtail Protesilaus glaucolaus leucas Molops Kite- Swallowtail Protesilaus molops Protesilaus Kite- Swallowtail Protesilaus protesilaus protesilaus Telesilaus Kite- Swallowtail Protesilaus telesilaus telesilaus Callias Kite- Swallowtail Eurytides callias Dolicaon Kite- Swallowtail Eurytides dolicaon deileon Ruby- spotted Swallowtail Papilio anchisiades anchisiades Citrus Swallowtail Papilio androgeus androgeus Southern Band- gapped Swallowtail Papilio garleppi interruptos Thoas Swallowtail Papilio thoas Band- gapped Swallowtail Papilio torquatus torquatus PIERIDAE (WHITES) Orange- edged White Cunizza hirlanda hirlanda Nera Tile- White Hesperocharis nera Florida White Glutophrissa drusilla Godart s White Ganyra phaloe buniae Great Southern White Ascia monuste Common Melwhite Melete lycimnia Cross- barred White Itaballia demophile Orange- margined White Itaballia pisonis Red- banded Mimic- White Perrhybris pamela Pamela Tiger Mimic- White Dismorphia amphione Laja Mimic- White Dismorphia laja lysianax Clear- winged Mimic- White Dismorphia theucarila Melete Mimic- White Enantia melete licinia White Mimic- White Enantia lina Ticlear Mimic- White Moschoneura pinthous proxima Clean Mimic- White Pseudopieris nehemia PIERIDAE (SULPHURS) Southern Dogface Colias cesonia phillippa Orange- tipped Angled- Sulphur Anteos menippe 1

2 PIERIDAE (SULPHURS) - CONT. Apricot Sulphur Phoebis argante argante Fluminensis Sulphur Aphrissa fluminensis Statira Sulphur Aphrissa statira Orange- barred Sulphur Phoebis philea Cloudless Sulphur Phoebis sennae marcellina Tailed Sulphur Phoebis neocypris Straight- lined Sulphur Phoebis trite Plain Dwarf- Sulphur Leucidia brephos Black- tipped Dwarf- Sulphur Leucidia elvina Ghost Yellow Eurema albula Straight- barred Yellow Eurema elathea Lirina Yellow Eurema lirina Leuce Yellow Eurema leuce Paulina Yellow Eurema paulina Phiale Yellow Eurema phiale Two- toned Yellow Eurema venusta LYCAENIDAE - Theclinae (HAIRSTREAKS) Picus Hairstreak Apuecla picus Common Stripestreak Arawacus aetolus separate Dolylas Stripestreak Arawacus dolylas Eyed Stripestreak Arawacus dumenilii Obscure Stripestreak Arawacus obscura Imperial Sunstreak Arcas imperialis Common Sunstreak Arcas tuneta Divergens Hairstreak Arumecla divergens Galliena Hairstreak Arumecla galliena Atys Greatstreak Atlides atys Rusty Greatstreak Atlides rustan Alda Ministreak Aubergina alda Erema Hairstreak Bistonina erema Stoll s Brangas Brangas caranus Cramer s Brangas Brangas dydimaon Hewitson s Brangas Brangas teucria Ematheon Hairstreak Brevianta ematheon Suediga Ministreak Caerofethra seudiga Anastasia Groundstreak Calycopis anastasia Anfracta Groundstreak Calycopis anfracta Golden Groundstreak Calycopis atnius Bellera Groundstreak Calycopis bellera Triangle- marked Groundstreak Calycopis calus Centoripa Groundstreak Calycopis centoripa Cissusa Groundstreak Calycopis cissusa Lerbela Groundstreak Calycopis lerbela Pisis Groundstreak Calycopis pisis Sasha Groundstreak Calycopis sasha Cerata Groundstreak Calycopis cerata Naka Groundstreak Calycopis naka Atnius Groundstreak Calycopis atnius Orcillula Groundstreak Calycopis orcillula Caesaries Groundstreak Calycopis caesaries Buphonia Groundstreak Calycopis buphonia Rusty- banded Groundstreak Calycopis demonassa Tifla Groundstreak Calycopis tifla Chutes and Ladders Ministreak Celmia celmus Mecrida Ministreak Celmia mecrida Brilliant Emeraldstreak Chalybs janias Telea Hairstreak Chlorostrymon telea Cramer s Greenstreak Cyanophrys amyntor Tropical Greenstreak Cyanophrys herodotus Cross- barred Stripestreak Cycnus phaleros Maculata Hairstreak Enos maculata Badeta Dreamstreak Erora badeta Smooth Dreamstreak Erora nitetis 2

3 LYCAENIDAE - Theclinae (HAIRSTREAKS) - CONT. Bates Greatstreak Evenus batesii Candidus Greatstreak Evenus candidus Floralia Greatstreak Evenus floralia Gabriela Greatstreak Evenus gabriela Regal Greatstreak Evenus regalis Satyr Greatstreak Evenus satyroides All Blue Greatstreak Evenus tagyra Falerina Hairstreak Enos falerina Castitas Hairstreak Iaspis castitas Grandis Hairstreak Iaspis grandis Ornate Hairstreak Iaspis ornata Temesa Hairstreak Iaspis temesa Thabena Hairstreak Iaspis thabena Verania Hairstreak Iaspis verania Epidius Hairstreak Ignata epidius Levis Hairstreak Ignata levis Mulsis Hairstreak Ignata mulsus Norax Hairstreak Ignata norax Leea Hairstreak Janthecla leea Malvina Hairstreak Janthecla malvina Red- based Hairstreak Janthecla rocena Sista Hairstreak Janthecla sista Buccina Hairstreak Kolana buccina Ergina Hairstreak Kolana ergina Ganimedes Hairstreak Lamasina ganimedes Cream- banded Groundstreak Lamprospilus arza Einstein s Groundstreak Lamprospilus genius Orcidia Groundstreak Lamprospilus orcidia Taminella Groundstreak Lamprospilus taminella Ampla Groundstreak Lamprospilus ampla Fuscafascia Groundstreak Lamprospilus fuscafascia Quadramacula Groundstreak Lamprospilus quadramacula White- loop Hairstreak Megathecla cupentus Shadowed Hairstreak Michaelus ira Variegated Hairstreak Michaelus jebus Two- banded Hairstreak Michaelus phoenissa Milky- way Hairstreak Michaelus thordesa Red- dotted Ministreak Ministrymon megacles Cleon Ministreak Ministrymon cleon Red- flocked Ministreak Ministrymon phrutus Pale Ministreak Ministrymon una Two- spotted Ministreak Ministrymon zilda Arthur s Ministreak Ministrymon arthuri/cruenta Orobia Hairstreak Mithras orobia Comet Hairstreak Mithras nautes Opalia Hairstreak Nicholaea opalia Black Hairstreak Ocaria ocrisia Atena Hairstreak Oenomaus atena Big- eyed Hairstreak Oenomaus atesa Cortica Hairstreak Oenomaus cortica Aquamarine Hairstreak Oenomaus ortygnus Fulvoventris Hairstreak Olynthes fulvoventris Lorea Hairstreak Olynthes lorea Obsolete Hairstreak Olynthes obsoleta Negrus Hairstreak Olynthes negrus Punctum Hairstreak Olynthus punctum Avoca Hairstreak Olynthus avoca Essus Hairstreak Olynthus essus Fancy Hairstreak Olynthus fancia Nitor Hairstreak Olynthus nitor Empusa Hairstreak Ostrinotes empusa Halciones Hairstreak Ostrinotes halciones Tympania Hairstreak Ostrinotes tympania Tarena Hairstreak Ostinotes tarena 3

4 LYCAENIDAE - Theclinae (HAIRSTREAKS) - CONT. Telemus Hairstreak Paiwarria telemus Venulius Hairstreak Paiwarria venulius Aeolus Hairstreak Panthiades aeolus Intense Blue Hairstreak Panthiades bitias bitias White- patched Hairstreak Panthiades boreas Pelion Hairstreak Panthiades pelion Turquoise- M Hairstreak Parrhasius orgia teleontes Black- spot Hairstreak Parrhasius polibetes Minyia Hairstreak Porthecla minyia Marsyas Greatstreak Pseudolycaena marsyas Marius Hairstreak Rekoa marius Mother- of- pearl Hairstreak Rekoa meton Gold- bordered Hairstreak Rekoa palegon Smudged Hairstreak Rekoa stagira Athymbra Hairstreak Siderus athymbra Leucophaeus Hairstreak Siderus leucophaeus Tyriam Hairstreak Strephonota tyriam Dindymus Hairstreak Strephonota dindymus Cyllanissus Hairstreak Strephonota cyllarissus Perola Hairstreak Strephonota perola Strephon Hairstreak Strephonota strephon Phoster Hairstreak Strephonota phoster Pearly- gray Hairstreak Strephonota tephraeus Ambrax Hairstreak Strephonota ambrax Carteia Hairstreak Strephonota carteia Agrippa Hairstreak Strephonota agrippa Bubastus Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon bubastus Gray- spotted Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon astiocha Crambusa Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon crambusa Tailless Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon cestri Confusing Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon megarus Mottled Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon mulucha Lantana Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon bazochii Red- spotted Scrub- Hairstreak Strymon ziba Syedra Hairstreak Strephonota syedra Yellow- eyed Hairstreak Terenthina terentia Terna Hairstreak Temecla terna Venustus Hairstreak Tmolus venustus Gargara Hairstreak Theclopsis gargara Lydus Hairstreak Theclopsis lydus Mavors Greatstreak Theritas mavors Acontius Greatstreak Theritas acontius Common Greatstreak Theritas hemon Lisas Greatstreak Theritas lisus Phegeus Greatstreak Theritas phegeus Viresco Greatstreak Theritas viresco Lycabas Hairstreak Thestius lycabas Selina Hairstreak Thestius selina Cydrara Hairstreak Tmolus cydrara Red- spotted Hairstreak Tmolus echion Mutina Hairstreak Tmolus mutina Ufentina Hairstreak Tmolus ufentina Immaculate Dreamstreak Trichonis immaculata Ceromia Hairstreak Zeigleria ceromia Hesperitis Hairstreak Zeigleria hesperitis Microserrata Hairstreak Zeigleria microserrata LYCAENIDAE - Polyommatinae (BLUES) Hanno Blue Hemiargus hanno Cassius Blue Leptotes cassius RIODINIDAE (METALMARKS) Sombermarks and relatives Alcima Sombermark Euselasia alcmena 4

5 RIODINIDAE (METALMARKS) - CONT. Angulata Sombermark Euselasia angulata Arbais Sombermark Euselasia arbas Attrita Sombermark Euselasia attrita Authe Sombermark Euselasia authe Brevicauda Sombermark Euselasia brevicauda Cafuso Sombermark Euselasia cafuso Caligramma Sombermark Euselasia calligramma Candaria Sombermark Euselasia candaria Clithra Sombermark Euselasia clithra Crinon Sombermark Euselasia crinon Dolichos Sombermark Euselasia dolichos Euboea Sombermark Euselasia euboea Eugeon Sombermark Euselasia eugeon Eulione Sombermark Euselasia eulione Eumenes Sombermark Euselasia eumenes Eumedia Sombermark Euselasia eumedia Eunaeus Sombermark Euselasia eunaeus Euodias Sombermark Euselasia euodias Euoras Sombermark Euselasia euoras Euphaes Sombermark Euselasia euphaes Euriteus Sombermark Euselasia euriteus Eurypus Sombermark Euselasia eurypus Eustola Sombermark Euselasia eustola Eutychus Sombermark Euselasia eutychus Euryone Sombermark Euselasia euryone Extensa Sombermark Euselasia extensa Fabia Sombermark Euselasia fabia Fervida Sombermark Euselasia fervida Gelanor Sombermark Euselasia gelanor Gordios Sombermark Euselasia gordios Hygenius Sombermark Euselasia hygenius Issonia Sombermark Euselasia issoria Julia Sombermark Euselasia julia Kartopus Sombermark Euselasia kartopus Labdacus Sombermark Euselasia labdacus Melaphaea Sombermark Euselasia melaphaea Midas Sombermark Euselasia midas Mys Sombermark Euselasia mys Opalina Sombermark Euselasia opalina Orba Sombermark Euselasia orba Orfita Sombermark Euselasia orfita Pellonia Sombermark Euselasia pellonia Pelor Sombermark Euselasia pelor Phelina Sombermark Euselasia phelina Praecipua Sombermark Euselasia praecipua Serapis Sombermark Euselasia serapis Toppini Sombermark Eusalasia toppini Uria Sombermark Euselasia uria Urites Sombermark Euselasia urites Uzita Sombermark Euselasia uzita Violetta Sombermark Euselasia violetta Zena Sombermark Eusalasia zena Cecilia s Metalmark Methone cecilia TRUE METALMARKS Annulifera Metalmark Adelotypa annulifera Ansemna Metalmark Adelotypa ansemna Aristus Metalmark Adelotypa aristus Borsippa Metalmark Adelotypa borsippa Epixanthe Metalmark Adelotypa epixanthe Huebner s Metalmark Adelotypa huebneri Leucophaea Metalmark Adelotypa leucophaea Penthea Metalmark Adelotypa penthea Viollacea Metalmark Adelotypa violacea 5

6 TRUE METALMARKS - CONT. Amesis Metalmark Alesa amesis Lipara Metalmark Alesa lipara Prema Metalmark Alesa prema Rothschild s Metalmark Alesa rothschildi Telephae Metalmark Alesa telephae Common Redstripe Amarynthis meneria Aulestes Swordtail Ancyluris aulestes Colubra Swordtail Ancyluris colubra Etias Swordtail Ancyluris etias Meliboeus Swordtail Ancyluris meliboeus Amazon Swordtail Chorinea amazon Heliconides Swordtail Chorinea heliconides Lamia Swordtail Syrmatia lamia Nyx Swordtail Syrmatia nyx Aerosus Jewelmark Anteros aerosus Bracteata Jewelmark Anteros bracteata Black- bellied Jewelmark Anteros formosus Kupris Jewelmark Anteros kupris Lectabilis Jewelmark Anteros lectabilis Great Jewelmark Anteros renaldus Crocea Metalmark Argyrogrammana crocea Glaucopis Metalmark Argyrogrammana glaucopis Physis Metalmark Argyrogrammana physis Talbot s Metalmark Argyrogrammana talboti naranjilla Trochilia Metalmark Argyrogrammana trochilia Epulus Metalmark Aricoris epulus Propita Metalmark Aricoris propitia Hisbon Yellowmark Baeotis hisbon Prima Yellowmark Baeotis prima Aymaran Metalmark Calephelis aymaran Cleadus Metalmark Callistium cleadus Maculosa Metalmark Callistium maculosa Rhodope Metalmark Calospila rhodope Cuprea Metalmark Calospila cuprea Lucianus Metalmark Calospila lucianus Emylius Metalmark Calospila emylius Gyges Metalmark Calospila gyges Partheon Metalmark Calospila parthaon Pirene Metalmark Calospila pirene Cabira Mottlemark Calydna cabira Cea Mottlemark Calydna cea Catana Mottlemark Calydna catana Black- and- white Mottlemark Calydna hiria Venusta Mottlemark Calydna venusta Castalia Greenmark Caria castalia Brilliant Greenmark Caria mantinea Shimmering Greenmark Caria sponsa Common Greenmark Caria trochilus arete Erythromelas Metalmark Cariomothis erythromelas Vitula Metalmark Cartea vitula Orange- stitched Scintillant Chalodeta chaonitis Chelonitis Scintillant Chalodeta chelonis Chitinosa Scintillant Chalodeta chitinosa Theodora Scintillant Chalodeta theodora Tircis Metalmark Chamaelimnas tircis Anius Metalmark Charis anius. Johnston s Metalmark Colaciticus johnstoni Eanes Metalmark Comphotis eanes Sophistes Metalmark Comphotis sophistes Heteroea Metalmark Cremna heteroea Coecias Metalmark Crocozona coecias Argyrea Scintillant Detritivora argyrea Cacaulandia Scintillant Detritivora cacaulandia Matic Scintillant Detritivora matic 6

7 TRUE METALMARKS - CONT. Zama Scintillant Detritivora zama Thelephus Metalmark Echenais thelephus Chaseba Metalmark Echydna chaseba Starry Night Metalmark Echydna punctata Aurelia Tanmark Emesis aurelia Bowed Tanmark Emesis cerea Condigna Tanmark Emesis condigna Sharp Tanmark Emesis fatimella Fastidious Tanmark Emesis fastidiosa Grayblue Tanmark Emesis lucinda Great Tanmark Emesis mandana Dark Tanmark Emesis ocypore Martin Tanmark Emesis brimo Spreta Tanmark Emesis spreta Smudged Tanmark Emesis temesa Sericina Metalmark Esthemopsis sericina Satyrus metalmark Eunogyra satyrus Albiseriata Sheenmark Eurybia albiseriata Caerulescens Sheenmark Eurybia caerulescens Mad Sheenmark Eurybia dardus Blind Sheenmark Eurybia elvina Halimede Sheenmark Eurybia halimede Nicaeus Sheenmark Eurybia nicaeus Rubeolata Sheenmark Eurybia rubeolata Cadmeis Metalmark Exoplisia cadmeis Hypochloris Metalmark Exoplisia hypochloris Great Tailmark Helicopis gnidus Lesser Tailmark Helicopis cupido Anophthalma Metalmark Hyphilaria anophthalma Nicia Metalmark Hyphilaria nicia Parthenis Metalmark Hyphilaria parthenis Yellow- based Metalmark Isapis agyrtus Aurantiaca Mimic- mark Ithomeis aurantiaca. Floralis Mimic- mark Ithomiola floralis Azan Lenmark Juditha azan completa Common Lemmark Juditha molpe Odites Lenmark Juditha odites Sailor's Lemmark Thisbe irenea Molele Lenmark Thisbe molela Hyalina Lenmark Thisbe hyalina Arsis Bluemark Lasaia arsis Black- patch Bluemark Lasaia aegesilas Dark Bluemark Lasaia oileus Pseudomeris Bluemark Lasaia pseudomeris Pasture Lenmark Lemonias zygia Incerta Metalmark Pheles incerta Melanchroia Metalmark Pheles melanchroia Apollo Metalmark Lyropteryx apollonia Diadocis Metalmark Lyropteryx diadocis Aegates Pixie Melanis aegates Cercopes Pixie Melanis cercopes Marathon Pixie Melanis marathon Smith s Pixie Melanis smithiae Electric Pixie Melanis electron Clotho Grayler Menander clotho Shining- blue Grayler Menander menander Greenish Grayler Menander pretus Epaphus Geomark Mesene epaphus Nola Geomark Mesene nola eupteryx Leucophrys Geomark Mesene leucophrys Paraena Geomark Mesene paraena Phareus Geomark Mesene phareus Silaris Geomark Mesene silaris Hyphea Eyemark Leucochimona hyphea 7

8 TRUE METALMARKS - CONT. Two- spotted Eyemark Leucochimona lagora Plain Eyemark Leucochimona icare Matisca Eyemark Leucochimona matisca Gold- washed Eyemark Perophthalma tullius Idotea Eyemark Mesophthalma idotea Antaerice Eyemark Mesosemia antaerice Cippus Eyemark Mesosemia cippus Cyania Eyemark Mesosemia cyanira Ephyne Eyemark Mesosemia ephyne Epidus Eyemark Mesosemia epidus Eugenea Eyemark Mesosemia eugenea Eumene Eyemark Mesosemia eumene Gneris Etemark Mesosamia gneris Hedwigis Eyemark Mesosemia hedwigis Ibycus Eyemark Mesosemia ibycus Jucunda Eyemark Mesosemia jucunda Judicialis Eyemark Mesosemia judicialis Latizonata Eyemark Mesosemia latizonata Lycorias Eyemark Mesosemia lycorias Macella Eyemark Mesosemia macella Maeotis Eyemark Mesosemia maeotis Melaene Eyemark Mesosemia melaene Melpia Eyemark Mesosemia melpia Metope Eyemark Mesosamia metope Minos Eyemark Mesosemia minos Nyctea Eyemark Mesosamia nyctea Olivencia Eyemark Mesosamia olivencia Peeping Eyemark Mesosemia philocles Metura Eyemark Mesosemia metura Scotina Eyemark Mesosemia scotina Steli Eyemark Mesosemia steli Thera Eyemark Mesosemia thera Ulrica Eyemark Mesosemia ulrica Creosus Eyemark Semomesia croesus meana Marisa Eyemark Semomesia marisa Tenella Eyemark Semomesia tenella Lucias Metalmark Metacharis lucius Regal Metalmark Metacharis regalis Albertus Metalmark Monethe albertus Nealces Metalmark Mycastor nealces Actoris Metalmark Napaea actoris Belted Metalmark Napaea beltiana White- stitched Metalmark Napaea eucharila Nepos Metalmark Napaea nepos Mouse- ears Metalmark Notheme erota Acherois Nymphidium Nymphidium acherois Azanoides Nymphidium Nymphidium azanoides amazonensis Baeotia Nymphidium Nymphidium baeotia Caricae Nymphidium Nymphidium caricae Chione Nymphidium Nymphidium chione Undimargo Nymphidium Nymphidium undimargo Derufata Nymphidium Nymphidium derufata Fulminans Nymphidium Nymphidium fulminans Leucosia Nymphidium Nymphidium leucosia medusa Lisimon Nymphidium Nymphidium lisimon Mantus Nymphidium Nymphidium mantus Minuta Nymphidium Nymphidium minuta Ninias Nymphidium Nymphidium ninias Omois Nymphidium Nymphidium omois Plintobaphis Nymphidium Nymphidium plintobaphis erythraicum Archytas Metalmark Ourocnemis archytas Phereclus Metalmark Panara phereclus Thyatira Metalmark Panaropsis thyatira Sciora Metalmark Protographium sicora 8

9 TRUE METALMARKS - CONT. Pasiphae Metalmark Pandemos pasiphae Molione Metalmark Paraphthonia molione Amarynthina Metalmark Parcella amarynthina Pyrophlegia Metalmark Phaenochitonia pyrophlegia Pyrsodes Metalmark Phaenochitonia pyrsodes Heliconides Metalmark Pheles heliconides Rusty Metalmark Protonymphidia senta Sword- tailed Beautymark Rhetus arcius Variable Beautymark Rhetus periander Lysippus Metalmark Riodina lysippus Lencates Metalmark Roeberella lencates Acantus Jewelmark Sarota acantus Black- rayed Jewelmark Sarota chrysus Common Jewelmark Sarota gyas Harvey s Jewelmark Sarota harveyi Lasciva Jewelmark Sarota lasciva Miranda Jewelmark Sarota miranda Spicata Jewelmark Sarota spicata Buckley s Metalmark Setabis buckleyi Pythioides Metalmark Setabis pythioides Epitus Metalmark Setabis epitus Flammulated Metalmark Setabis flammula Myrtis Metalmark Setabis myrtis Heliodora Metalmark Setabis heliodora Common Setabis Setabis lagus Disparilis Metalmark Setabis disparilis Tapaja Metalmark Setabis tapaja Velutina Metalmark Setabis velutina Longwing Mimic- mark Stalachtis calliope Clearwing Mimic- mark Stalachtis phaedusa White- dotted Mimic- mark Stalachtis phlegia Feathered Batwing Symmachia accusatrix Calliste Batwing Symmachia calliste Falcistigata Batwing Symmachia falcistrigata Miron Batwing Symmachia miron Pheadra Batwing Symmachia phaedra Leena Batwing Symmachia leena Technema Batwing Symmachia technema Xypete Batwing Symmachia xypete Abaris Synargis Synargis abaris Agle Synargis Synargis agle Variable Lemmark Synargis calyce Chaonia Synargis Synargis chaonia Gela Synargis Synargis gela Dreamy Lemmark Synargis ochra Orestessa Synargis Synargis orestessa Paulistina Synargis Synargis paulistina Regulus Synargis Synargis regulus Tytia Synargis Synargis tytia Pulcherrima Metalmark Themone pulcherrima Pais Metalmark Themone pais Acosma Theope Theope acosma Apheles Theope Theope apheles Cornosa Theope Theope comosa Decorata Theope Theope decorata Discus Theope Theope discus Blue- tipped Theope Theope eudocia Eurygonia Theope Theope eurygonia Excelsa Theope Theope excelsa Foliorum Theope Theope foliorum Guillaumei Theope Theope guillaumei guillaumei Hypoleuca Theope Theope hypoleuca Leucanthe Theope Theope leucanthe Lycaenina Theope Theope lycaenina 9

10 TRUE METALMARKS - CONT. Nycteis Theope Theope nycteis Extroverted Theope Theope pedias Phaeo Theope Theope phaeo Philotes Theope Theope philotes Sobrina Theope Theope sobrina Sticheli Theope Theope sticheli Eupolis Theope Theope eupolis Terambus Theope Theope terambus Matuta Theope Theope matuta Theritas Theope Theope theritas Thestias Theope Theope thestias Thootes Theope Theope thootes Turner s Theope Theope turneri Copper Metalmark Thysanota galena Pelopia Metalmark Xenandra pelopia Lithosina Metalmark Xyinias lithosina Phasma Metalmark Zelotaea phasma NYMPHALIDAE - Acraeinae (ACREAS) Pellenea Actinote Actinote pellenea NYMPHALIDAE - Libytheinae (SNOUT) American Snout Libytheana carinenta NYMPHALIDAE - Heliconiinae (HELICONIANS) Gulf Fritillary Agraulis vanillae near catella Juno Silverspot Dione juno juno Banded Orange Heliconian Dryadula phaetusa Julia Heliconian Dryas iulia titio Juliette Eueides aliphera Isabella's Heliconian Eueides isabella brunea Lampeto Heliconian Eueides lampeto lampeto Lybia Heliconian Eueides lybia lybia Tales Heliconian Eueides tales pythagoras Acting Heliconian Eueides vibilia unifasciatus Mexcian Fritillary Euptoieta hegesia hegesia Antiochus Heliconian Heliconius antiochus antiochus Burney s Heliconian Heliconius burneyi huebneri Demeter Heliconian Heliconius demeter eratosignis Dot- bordered Heliconian Heliconius doris dori Elevatus Heliconian Heliconius elevatus aquilina Erato Heliconian Heliconius erato venustus Ethilla Heliconian Heliconius ethilla eucoma Ethilla Heliconian Heliconius ethilla jaruensis Heart- spotted Heliconian Heliconius hecale nigrofasciatus Leucadia Heliconian Heliconius leucadia pseudorhea Melpomene Heliconian Heliconius melpomene madeira Numata Heliconian Heliconius numata jiparanaensis Numata Heliconian Heliconius numata silvana Ricini Heliconian Heliconius ricini Sara Heliconian Heliconius sara thamar Wallace s Heliconian Heliconius wallacei flavescens Xanthocles Heliconian Heliconius xanthocles near paraplesius Aoede Heliconian Neruda aoede lucretius Metharme Heliconian Neruda metharme Scarce Bamboo Page Philaethria dido NYMPHALIDAE - Nymphalinae (TYPICAL BRUSHFOOTS) Scarlet Peacock Anartia amathea White Peacock Anartia jatrophae Amazon Beauty Baeotus aeilus Deucalion Beauty Baeotus deucalion Japetus Beauty Baeotus japetus Narrow- winged Crescent Castilia angusta 10

11 NYMPHALIDAE - Nymphalinae (TYPICAL BRUSHFOOTS) - CONT. Harald s Crescent Telanassa fontus schmitzorum Bordered Patch Chlosyne lacinia saundersi New Beauty Colobura annulata Cryptic Beauty Colobura dirce Creamy Mimic- Crescent Eresia clio Three- banded Mimic- Crescent Eresia eunice eunice Olivencia Mimic- Crescent Eresia olivencia Longwinged Mimic- cescent Eresia perna aveyrona Nauplius Mimic- Crescent Eresia nauplius extensa Tailed Cecropian Historis acheronta acheronta Orion Historis odius Orange Mapwing Hypanartia lethe Tropical Buckeye Junonia genoveva Amazon Crescent Mazia amazonica Jacunda Napeocles jacunda Gentina Crescent Ortilia gentina Ithra Crescent Ortilia ithra Malachite Siproeta stelenes Blomfild's Beauty Smyrna blomfildia Black- bordered Tegosa Tegosa anieta Pale Tegosa Tegosa claudina Serpia Tegosa Tegosa serpia Teletusa Crescent Telenassa teletusa Tiger Beauty Tigridia acesta NYMPHALIDAE - Apaturinae (EMPERORS) Agathina Emperor Doxocopa agathina agathina Zunilda Emperor Doxocopa zunilda Kallina Emperor Doxocopa kallina Silver Emperor Doxocopa laure Lavinia Emperor Doxocopa lavinia Linda Emperor Doxocopa linda NYMPHALIDAE - Biblidinae (PURPLEWINGS, EIGHTY- EIGHTS, AND ALLIES) False Purplewing Antigonis felderi Mark s Webwing Asterope markii davisii Painted Beauty Batesia hypochlora hypochlora Red Rim Biblis hyperia Blue- stitched Eighty- Eight Callicore astarte Pygas Eighty- Eight Callicore pygas cyllene Cynosura Eighty- Eight Callicore cynosure Eunomia Eighty- Eight Callicore eunomia Hesperis Eighty- Eight Callicore hesperis Hystaspes Eighty- Eight Callicore hystaspes Yellow- rimmed Eighty- eight Callicore texa Kolyma Eighty- Eight Catacore kolyma Pyracmon Eighty- Eight Paulogramma pyracmon Clymena Eighty- Eight Diaethria clymena Acontius Catone Catonephele acontius acontius Antinoe Catone Catonephele antinoe Blue- frosted Catone Catonephele numillia numillia Salacia Catone Catonephele salacia Aerata Sailor Dynamine aerata Agacles Sailor Dynamine agacles core Anubis Sailor Dynamine anubis anubis Arene Sailor Dynamine arene Athemon Sailor Dynamine athemon niveata Chryseis Sailor Dynamine chryseis Coenud Sailor Dynamine coenus leucothea Gisella Sailor Dynamine gisella Small- eyed Sailor Dynamine artemesia Ines Sailor Dynamine ines ines Four- eyed Sailor Dynamine postverta Myrson Sailor Dynamine myrson 11

12 NYMPHALIDAE - Biblidinae (PURPLEWINGS, EIGHTY- EIGHTS, AND ALLIES) - CONT. Pebana Sailor Dynamine pebana Racidula Sailor Dynamine racidula White Sailor Dynamine theseus Ione Crackerlet Ectima iona Thecla Crackerlet Ectima thecla Lampethusa Banner Epiphile lampethusa lampethusa Shining Purplewing Eunica alpais alpais Amelia Purplewing Eunica amelia erroneata Anna Purplewing Eunica anna Bechina Purplewing Eunica bechina bechina Mottled Purplewing Eunica caelina alycia Concordia Purplewing Eunica concordia Eurota Purplewing Eunica eurota eurota Ingens Purplewing Eunica ingens Rayed Purplewing Eunica malvina malvina Marsolia Purplewing Eunica marsolia paraensis Dingy Purplewing Eunica monima Blind Purplewing Eunica mygdonia mygdonia Orphise Purplewing Eunica orphise Bland Purplewing Eunica pusilla Splendid Purplewing Eunica sophonisba agele Falcate Purplewing Eunica sydonia sydonia Florida Purplewing Eunica tatila bellaria Veronica Purplewing Eunica veronica Viola Purplewing Eunica viola Blue- celled Purplewing Eunica volumna celma Little Red Beauty Haematera pyrame pyrame Red Cracker Hamadryas amphinome amphinome Red- spotted Cracker Hamadryas arinome arinome Forest Cracker Hamadryas chloe chloe Gray Cracker Hamadryas februa februa Variable Cracker Hamadryas feronia feronia Brownish Cracker Hamadryas iphthime iphthime Starry Night Hamadryas laodamia laodamia Velvet Cracker Hamadryas velutina velutina Capenas Bluewing Myscelia capenas capenas Hewitson s Olivewing Nessaea hewitsonii hewitsonii Obrinus Olivewing Nessaea obrina faventia Little Banner Nica flavilla flavilla Tidalwave Beauty Panacea divalis Crimson Beauty Panacea prola Lamis Beauty Peria lamis Amphiro Red- ring Pyrrhogyra amphiro Cramer s Red- ring Pyrrhogyra crameri nautaca Complete Red- ring Pyrrhogyra edocla Leading Red- ring Pyrrhogyra neaerea White- edged Red- ring Pyrrhogyra otolais Stratonicus Red- ring Pyrrhogyra stratonicus Orange Banner Temenis laothoe laothoe Pulchra Banner Temenis pulchra Azeca Banner Vila azeca NYMPHALIDAE - Limenitidinae (ADMIRALS AND ALLIES) Amazon Sister Adelpha amazona Felder's Sister Adelpha boeotia Orange- washed Sister Adelpha cocala Smooth- banded Sister Adelpha cytherea Messana Sister Adelpha messana delphicola Epione Sister Adelpha epione Erotia Sister Adelpha erotia Heraclea Sister Adelpha heraclea Malea Sister Adelpha malea Pointer Sister Adelpha iphiclus Stub- tailed Sister Adelpha barnesia 12

13 NYMPHALIDAE - Limenitidinae (ADMIRALS AND ALLIES) - CONT. Orange- patched Sister Adelpha mesentina Feline Sister Adelpha nea Bates's Sister Adelpha paraena Cecropia Sister Adelpha phylaca Pleasure Sister Adelpha plesaure Pollina Sister Adelpha pollina Celadon Sister Adelpha serpa Thoasa Sister Adelpha thoasa Thesprotia Sister Adelpha thesprotia Tangerine Daggerwing Marpesia berania Capenas Daggerwing Marpesia capenas capenas Many- banded Daggerwing Marpesia chiron White- spotted Daggerwing Marpesia crethon Egina Daggerwing Marpesia egina Orange- based Daggerwing Marpesia furcula Livius Daggerwing Marpesia livius livius Norica Daggerwing Marpesia themistocles norica White- banded Daggerwing Marpesia orsilochus Ruddy Daggerwing Marpesia petreus Sun- kissed Daggerwing Marpesia tutelina NYMPHALIDAE - Charaxinae (LEAFWINGS) Amydon Agrias Agrias amydon Claudina Agrias Agrias claudina sardanapalus Tailed Prepona Anaeomorpha splendida White- eyed Prepona Archaeoprepona amphimachus amphimachus One- spotted Prepona Archaeoprepona demophon demophon Two- spotted Prepona Archaeoprepona demophoon thebias Licomedes Prepona Archaeoprepona licomedes Three- toned Prepona Archaeoprepona meander Least Prepona Prepona dexamenes Feathered Prepona Prepona laertes Pheridamus Prepona Prepona pheridamas Mottled Prepona Prepona pylene Tiger Leafwing Consul fabius Halice Leafwing Fountainea halice Flamingo Leafwing Fountainea ryphea ryphea Silver- studded Leafwing Hypna clytemnestra clytemnestra Anna Leafwing Memphis anna Acidalia Leafwing Memphis acidalia Basilia Leafwing Memphis basilia Pale- blue Leafwing Memphis glauce Leonida Leafwing Memphis leonida Lyceus Leafwing Memphis lyceus Laurel Leafwing Memphis moruus stheno Boisduval's Leafwing Memphis oenomais Offa Leafwing Memphis offa Orange- striped Leafwing Memphis philumena philumena Polycames Leafwing Memphis polycarmes Polyxo Leafwing Memphis polyxo Phantes Leafwing Memphis phantes Corner- spotted Leafwing Memphis xenocles xenocles Xenocrates Leafwing Polygrapha xenocrates xenocrates Red- striped Leafwing Siderone galanthus Variable Leafwing Zaretis itys NYMPHALIDAE - Brassolinae (OWL- BUTTERFLIES) Sutor Owlet Aponarope sutor Sophorae Owlet Brassolis sophorae Tailed Owlet Bia actorion Forest Owl Caligo eurilochus White- lined Owl Caligo idomeneus Common Owl Caligo illioneus Tan Owl Caligo oileus 13

14 NYMPHALIDAE - Brassolinae (OWL- BUTTERFLIES) - CONT. Teucer Owl Caligo teucer Seleucida Owl Caligopsis seleucida Berecynthia Owl Catoblepia berecynthia Soranus Owl Catoblepia soranus Xanthicles Owl Catoblepia xanthicles orientalis Automedon Owl Eryphanis automedon Cyllabarus Owlet Narope cyllabarus Brown Owlet Narope cyllastros Nesope Owlet Narope nesope Obidos Owlet Narope obidos Syllabus Owlet Narope syllabus Thin- tailed Owlet Opoptera aorsa hilaria Linnaean Owlet Opsiphanes cassiae crameri Split- banded Owlet Opsiphanes cassina Lowland Owlet Opsiphanes invirae Scalloped Owlet Opsiphanes quiteria Cassiope Owl Selenophanes cassiope NYMPHALIDAE - Morphinae (MORPHOS) Philoctetes Morphet Antirrhea philoctetes Taygetina Morphet Antirrhea taygetina taygetina Watkin s Morphet Antirrhea watkinsi Banded Morphet Caerois chorinaeus Achilles Morpho Morpho achilles achilles Marcus Morpho Morpho marcus Great Morpho Morpho cisseis phanodemus Striped Morpho Morpho deidamia Common Morpho Morpho helenor helenor Blue Morpho Morpho menelaus Rhetenor Morpho Morpho rhetenor Telemachus Morpho Morpho telemachus iphiclus Zephyritis Morpho Morpho zephyritis NYMPHALIDAE - Satyrinae (SATYRS) Calliomma Satyr Amphidecta calliomma Reynold s Satyr Amphidecta reynoldsi Aegrota Satyr Caeruleuptychia aegrota Brixius Satyr Caeruleuptychia brixius Coelestis Satyr Caeruleuptychia coelestis Caerulea Satyr Caeruleuptychia caerulea Cyanitaes Satyr Caeruleuptychia cyanitaes Helios Satyr Caeruleuptychia helios Lobelia Satyr Caeruleuptychia lobelia Pilata Satyr Caeruleuptychia pilata Tenera Satyr Caeruleuptychiar tenera Umbrosa Satyr Caeruleuptychia umbrosa Cephus Satyr Cepheuptychia cephus Arnaea Satyr Chloreuptychia arnaea Chlorimene Satyr Chloreuptychia chlorimene Herseis Satyr Chloreuptychia herseis Hewitson s Satyr Chloreuptychia hewitsonii Tolumna Satyr Chloreuptychia tolumnia Perplexing Satyr Cissia confusa Myncea Satyr Cissia myncea Palladia Satyr Cissia palladia Penelope Satyr Cissia penelope Proba Satyr Cissia proba Terrestris Satyr Cissia terrestris Violet- tipped Glasswing Cithaerias andromeda bandusia Pink- tipped Glasswing Cithaerias pireta Orange- tipped Glasswing Haetera piera Narrow- striped Diaph Pierella astyoche Borad- banded Diaph Pierella hortona Tailed Diaph Pierella hyalinus 14

15 NYMPHALIDAE - Satyrinae (SATYRS) - CONT. Plain Diaph Pierella lamia Blue Diaph Pierella lena Ericto Satyr Erichthodes erichtho Enyo Satyr Euptychia enyo Jesia Satyr Euptychia jesia Meta Satyr Euptychia meta Mollina Satyr Euptychia mollina Picea Satyr Euptychia picea Westwood s Satyr Euptychia westwoodi Peculiar Satyr Taydebis peculiaris Blanda Satyr Harjesia blanda Griseola Satyr Harjesia griseola Obscure Satyr Harjesia obscura Common Satyr Hermeuptychia sosybius Simple Satyr Magneuptychia alcinoe Analis Satyr Magneuptychia analis Iris Satyr Magneuptychia iris Harpyia Satyr Magneuptychia harpyia batesii Lea Satyr Magneuptychia lea Blue- gray Satyr Magneuptychia libye Mimias Satyr Magneuptychia mimas Metagera Satyr Magneuptychia metagera Ocnus Satyr Magneuptychia ocnus Ocypete Satyr Magneuptychia ocypete Pallema Satyr Magneuptychia pallema Segesta Satyr Magneuptychia segesta Tricolored Satyr Magneuptychia tricolor Antonoe Satyr Megeuptychia antonoe Binocula Satyr Pareuptychia binocula Hesionides Satyr Pareuptychia hesionides White Satyr Pareuptychia ocirrhoe Phronius Satyr Paryphthimoides phronius Poltys Satyr Paryphthimoides poltys White- spike Satyr Posttaygetis penelea Valentina Satyr Pseudodebis valentina Clio Satyr Rareuptychia clio Ashna Splendid- Satyr Splendeuptychia ashna Libitina Splendid- Satyr Splendeuptychia libitina Quadrina Splendid- Satyr Splendeuptychia quadrina Salvin s Splendid- Satyr Splendeuptychia salvini Itonis Splendid- Satyr Splendeuptychia itonis Tailed Ur- Satyr Taygetis angulosa Cleopatra Ur- Satyr Taygetis cleopatra Rusty- patched Ur- Satyr Taygetis echo Laches Ur- Satyr Taygetis laches Larua Ur- Satyr Taygetis larua Leuctra Ur- Satyr Taygetis leuctra Great Ur- Satyr Taygetis mermeria Two- toned Ur- Satyr Taygetis sosis Sylvia Ur- Satyr Taygetis sylvia sylvia Andromeda Ur- Satur Taygetis thamyra Cramer's Ur- Satyr Taygetis virgilia Celmis Satyr Yphthimoides celmis Mythra Satyr Yphthimoides mythra Maepius Satyr Yphthimoides maepius Renata s Satyr Yphthimoides renata Crepuscular Satyr Zischkaia insignis Saunders Satyr Zischkaia saundersi NYMPHALIDAE - Ithomiinae (CLEARWINGS) Elara Prestonian Aeria elara Black- and- yellow Prestonian Aeria eurimedia Mechanitis Tigerwing Athyrtis mechanitis salvini Aelia Clearwing Brevioleria aelia 15

16 NYMPHALIDAE - Ithomiinae (CLEARWINGS) - CONT. Alexirrhoe Ticlear Callithomia alexirrhoe schulzi Lenea Ticlear Callithomia lenea Neso Ticlear Ceratinia neso Loreta Amberwing Dircenna loreta Sidonia Clearwing Haenschia sidonia Equicola Ticlear Forbestra equicola equicoloides Variegated Ticlear Godyris zavaleta Giulia Clearwing Heterosais giulia Cymo Clearwing Mcclungia cymo Aelia Clearwing Brevioleria aelia Laviana Clearwing Hypoleria lavinia proxima Anchiala Ticlear Hyposcada anchiala Daphnis Ticlear Hypothyris daphnis daphnis Common Ticlear Hypothyris euclea barii Fluonia Ticlear Hypothyris fluonia iberina Leprieuri Ticlear Hypothyris leprieuri ninyas Mamercus Ticlear Hypothyris mamercus Ninonia Ticlear Hypothyris ninonia neimyi Semifulva Ticlear Hypothyris semifulva dalmeidai Thea Ticlear Hypothyris thea Xanthostola Ticlear Hypothyris xanthostola Agnosia Clearwing Ithomia agnosia Lichyi Clearwing Ithomia lichyi Confused Tigerwing Mechanitis lysimnia elisa Mazaeus Tigerwing Mechanitis mazaeus pothetoides Disturbed Tigerwing Mechanitis polymnia angustifascia Ludovica Tigerwing Melinaea ludovica Marsaeus Tigerwing Melinaea marsaeus pothete Menophilus Tigerwing Melinaea menophilus menophilus Rondonian Tigerwing Melinaea mnasias rondonia Orange- tipped Tigerwing Melinaea mneme Confused Amberwing Methona confusa Grand Amberwing Methona grandior Megisto Amberwing Methona megisto Larina Ticlear Napeogenes larina Duessa Ticlear Napeogenes duessa jamariensis Rhezia Ticlear Napeogenes rhezia Inachia Ticlear Napeogenes inachia Pharo Ticlear Napeogenes pharo Stella Ticlear Napeogenes stella Sylphis Ticlear Napeogenes sylphis Aquata Clearwing Oleria aquata Astrea Clearwing Oleria astrea Assimilis Clearwing Oleria assimilis Aegle Clearwing Oleria aegle Enania Clearwing Oleria enania Victorine Clearwing Oleria victorine Zarepha Ticlear Hyposcada zarepha Florula Clearwing Pseudoscada florula Cantobrica Ticlear Rhodussa cantobrica nundina Rosalia Ticlear Sais rosalia promissa Small Ticlear Scada reckia Spotted Amberwing Thyridia psidii psidii Black- fronted Prestonian Tithorea harmonia pseudonyma NYMPHALIDAE - Danainae (MILKWEED BUTTERFLIES) Soldier Danaus eresimus plexaure Queen Daunas gilippus gilippus Tropical Monarch Danaus erippus Clear Tiger- Queen Lycorea ilione phenarete Tiger Mimic- Queen Lycorea halia Painuntia Mimic- Queen Lycorea pasinuntia pasinuntia 16

17 HESPERIIDAE - Eudaminae (SPREADWING SKIPPERS) Metrodorus Beamer Phocides metrodorus metrodorus Padrona Beamer Phocides padrona Beautiful Beamer Phocides pigmalion hewitsonius Guava Skipper Phocides polybius phanias Vulcanides Beamer Phocides vulcanides Teutas Skipper Hypocryptothrix teutas Corytus Skipper Tarsoctenus corytus corba Praecia Skipper Tarsoctenus praecia plutia Army Ant Ghost- Skipper Phanus ecitonorum Common Ghost- Skipper Phanus marshallii Obscure Ghost- Skipper Phanus obscurior prestoni Musical Ghost- Skipper Phanus vitreus Nervous Skipper Udranomia kikkawai Horseshoe Skipper Udranomia orcinus Spitzii Skipper Udranomia spitzii Alcmon Skipper Drephalys alcmon Croceus Skipper Drephalys croceus Oriander Skipper Drephalys oriander Phoenicoides Skipper Drephalys phoenicoides Tortus Skipper Drephalys tortus Crinisus Skipper Augiades crinisus Epimethea Skipper Augiades epimethea bicolor Infernalis Skipper Hyalothyrus infernalis Leucomelas Skipper Hyalothyrus leucomelas Dimorphic Skipper Hyalothyrus neleus neleus Celestial Skipper Phareas coeleste Procas Skipper Cabirus procas junta Aureanota Skipper Entheus aureanota Aureolus Skipper Entheus aureolus Bombus Skipper Entheus bombus Eumelus Skipper Entheus eumelus ninyas Gentius Skipper Entheus gentius Priassus Skipper Entheus priassus telemus Telemus Skipper Entheus telemus Mercurial Skipper Proteides mercurius mercurius Clavicornus Silverdrop Epargyreus clavicornis clavicornis Broken Silverdrop Epargyreus exadeus exadeus Pepper- spotted Silverdrop Epargyreus socus sinus Similus Skipper Sarmientoia similes Hammock Skipper Polygonus leo leo Manuel's Skipper Polygonus manueli manueli Catillus Longtail Chioides catillus catillus Albistria Aguna Aguna albistria abistria Gold- spotted Aguna Aguna asander asander White- striped Aguna Aguna aurunce Coeloides Aguna Aguna coeloides Coelus Aguna Aguna coelus Longicauda Aguna Aguna longicauda Megaeles Aguna Aguna megaeles Mesadentata Aguna Aguna mesadentata Tailed Aguna Aguna metophis Parva Aguna Aguna parva Penicillata Aguna Aguna penicillata Similis Aguna Aguna similis Spatulata Aguna Aguna spatulata Spicata Aguna Aguna spicata Squamalba Aguna Aguna squamalba Cramer s Longtail Typhedanus crameri Galbula Longtail Typhedanus galbula Optica Longtail Typhedanus optica goya Mottled Longtail Typhedanus undulatus Auginus Polythrix Polythrix auginus Square- spotted Polythrix Polythrix caunus Ceculus Polythrix Polythrix ceculus 17

18 HESPERIIDAE - Eudaminae (SPREADWING SKIPPERS) - CONT. Eudoxus Polythrix Polythrix eudoxus Gyges Polythrix Polythrix gyges Metallescens Polythrix Polythrix metallescens Minvanes Polythrix Polythrix minvanes Eight- spotted Longtail Polythrix octomaculata octomaculata Callias Skipper Cephise callias Cephise Skipper Cephise cephise Impunctus Skipper Cephise impunctus Maculatus Skipper Cephise maculatus Malesedis Skipper Cephise malesedis Glarus Skipper Cephise glarus Bahania Skipper Chrysoplectrum bahiana Orpheus Skipper Chrysoplectrum orpheus Otriades Skipper Chrysoplectrum otriades Pema Skipper Chrysoplectrum perna Pernicious Skipper Chrysoplectrum perniciosus perniciosus Pervivax Skipper Chrysoplectrum pervivax White- crescent Longtail Codatractus alceus Rondonian Ridens Ridens bidens Acawoios Skipper Urbanus acawoios Albimargo Longtail Urbanus albimargo takuta Double- striped Longtail Urbanus belli Chalco Longtail Urbanus chalco Dorantes Longtail Urbanus dorantes dorantes White- tailed Longtail Urbanus doryssus doryssus Esma Longtail Urbanus esma Esmeraldus Longtail Urbanus esmeraldus Esta Longtail Urbanus esta Longicaudus Longtail Urbanus longicaudus Parvus Longtail Urbanus parvus Pronta Longtail Urbanus pronta Long- tailed Skipper Urbanus proteus proteus Reductus Longtail Urbanus reductus Plain Longtail Urbanus simplicius Tanna Longtail Urbanus tanna Teleus Longtail Urbanus teleus Virescens Longtail Urbanus virescens Frosted Flasher Astraptes alardus alardus Gilbert's Flasher Astraptes alector Yellow- tipped Flasher Astraptes anaphus anaphus Broad- banded Flasher Astraptes apastus apastus Aulus Flasher Astraptes aulus Cretatus Flasher Astraptes cretatus adoba White- spotted Flasher Astraptes enotrus Two- barred Flasher Astraptes fulgerator Halesius Flasher Astraptes halesius Janeira Flasher Astraptes janeira Latimargo Flasher Astraptes latimargo tinda Green Flasher Astraptes talus Lilac- based Flasher Astraptes tucuti Colossus Flasher Narcosius colossus grandensis Hercules Flasher Narcosius hercules Mura Flasher Narcosius mura Nazeraeus Flasher Narcosius nazeraeus Odysseus Flasher Narcosius odysseus Parisi Flasher Narcosius parisi parisi Pseudomura Flasher Narcosius pseudomura Samson Flasher Narcosius samson Steinhauser s Flasher Narcosius steinhauseri Yellow- banded Skipper Calliades zeutus Longipennis Banded- Skipper Autochton longipennis Spiky Banded- Skipper Autochton neis Sharp Banded- Skipper Autochton zarex Falcate Skipper Spathilepia clonius 18

19 HESPERIIDAE - Eudaminae (SPREADWING SKIPPERS) - CONT. Mimosa Skipper Cogia calchas Tamyris Speckled- Skipper Marela tamyris tamba Tamyroides Speckled- Skipper Marela tamyroides Amphion Skipper Telemiades amphion misitheus Antiope Skipper Telemiades antiope tosca Avitus Skipper Telemiades avitus Delalande Skipper Telemiades delalande Epicalus Skipper Telemiades epicalus epicalus Laogonus Skipper Telemiades laogonus laogonus Litanicus Skipper Telemiades litanicus Nicomedes Skipper Telemiades nicomedes nicomedes Penidas Skipper Telemiades penidas Squanda Skipper Telemiades squanda Trenda Skipper Telemiades trenda Corbulo Skipper Telemiades corbulo corbulo Dark- checkered Scarlet- eye Bungalotis astylos Borax Scarlet- eye Bungalotis borax Spotted Scarlet- eye Bungalotis erythus Gargarini Scarlet- eye Bungalotis gagarini Golden Scarlet- eye Bungalotis midas Salatis Skipper Salatis salatis Diaphorus Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus diaphorus Erythras Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus erythras Euribates Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus euribates euribates Two- spotted Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus nicephorus Fiery Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus porcius porcius Plain Scarlet- eye Dyscophellus ramusis ramusis Cramer s Scarlet- eye Nascus broteas Least Scarlet- eye Nascus paullinae Common Scarlet- eye Nascus phocus Great Scarlet- eye Nascus solon solon Boliva Skipper Porphyrogenes boliva Passalus Skipper Porphyrogenes passalus Pausias Skipper Porphyrogenes pausias Sorocula Skipper Porphyrogenes sorocula Spanda Skipper Porphyrogenes spanda Suva Skipper Porphyrogenes suva Vulpecula Skipper Porphyrogenes vulpecula Zohra Skipper Porphyrogenes zohra stresa Amazonian Oileides Oileides amazonensis Azines Oileides Oileides azines Vulpines Oileides Oileides vulpinus guyanensis Labrianis Skipper Heronia labriaris HESPERIIDAE - Pyrginae, Pyrrhopygini (FIRETIPS) Window- pane Firetip Oxynetra confusa Common Myscelus Myscelus amystis Blue- and- gold Myscelus Myscelus assaricus Epimachia Myscelus Myscelus epimachia epimachia Noble Myscelus Myscelus nobilis Pardalina Myscelus Myscelus pardalina pardalina Ganymedes Firetip Passova ganymedes Gazera Firetip Passova gazera Passova Firetip Passova passova rudex Crimson- banded Aspitha Aspitha aspitha rufescens Orange- lobed Aspitha Aspitha bassleri Amythaon Firetip Pyrrhopyge amythaon polka Arinas Firetip Pyrrhopyge arinas arinas Aziza Firetip Pyrrhopyge aziza Phidias Firetip Pyrrhopyge phidias bixae Proculus Firetip Pyrrhopyge proculus cintra Pusca Firetip Pyrrhopyge pusca Sarpedon Firetip Pyrrhopyge sarpedon Sergius Firetip Pyrrhopyge sergius josephina 19

20 HESPERIIDAE - Pyrginae, Pyrrhopygini (FIRETIPS)- CONT. Thericles Firetip Pyrrhopyge thericles thericles Cometes Firetip Yanguna cometes cometides Tetricus Firetip Yanguna tetricus Thelersa Firetip Yanguna thelersa Blanda Firetip Elbella blanda Etna Firetip Elbella etna Intersecta Firetip Elbella intersecta intersecta Madeira Firetip Elbella madeira Blue- lined Firetip Elbella patrobas tingo Rondonian Firetip Elbella rondonia Ahira Skipper Parelbella ahira ahira Alburna Skipper Protelbella alburna brasiliensis Rubricollis Firetip Gunayan rubricollis Fallax Jemadia Jemadia fallax fida Gnetus Jemadia Jemadia gnetus Hewitson s Jemadia Jemadia hewitsonii hewitsonii Hospita Jemadia Jemadia hospita Menechmus Jemadia Jemadia menechmus Sejanus Firetip Mysarbia sejanus HESPERIDAE - Pyrginae, Celaenorrhinini (SPREAD- WING SKIPPERS) Astrigera Flat Celaenorrhinus astrigera Autochton Flat Celaenorrhinus autochton Jao Flat Celaenorrhinus jao Orneates Flat Celaenorrhinus orneates Par Flat Celaenorrhinus par Savia Flat Celaenorrhinus savia Shema Flat Celaenorrhinus shema ochra Syllius Flat Celaenorrhinus syllius HESPERIDAE - Pyrginae, Carcharodini (SPREAD- WING SKIPPERS) Aristotle s Skipper Sophista aristoteles Purpurascens Skipper Iliana purpurascens Snout Skipper Mictris crispus crispus Fera Skipper Polyctor fera fera Polyctor Skipper Polyctor polyctor polyctor Violella Skipper Viola violella Bessus Skipper Nisoniades bessus Borra Skipper Nisoniades borra Brazia Skipper Nisoniades brazia Brunneata Skipper Nisoniades brunneata Castolus Skipper Nisoniades castolus Evans Skipper Nisoniades evansi Macarius Skipper Nisoniades macarius Maura Skipper Nisoniades maura Mimas Skipper Nisoniades mimas Herophile Skipper Pachyneuria herophile Lista Skipper Pachyneuria lista Costimacula Pellicia Pellicia costimacula Morning Glory Pellicia Pellicia dimidiata meno Klug s Pellicia Pellicia klugi Simulator Pellicia Pellicia simulator Theon Pellicia Pellicia theon Vecina Pellicia Pellicia vecina vecina Falisca Skipper Morvina falisca falia Fissimacula Skipper Morvina fissimacula rema Morvus Skipper Morvina morvus cyclopa Laddeyi Skipper Myrinia laddeyi Myris Skipper Myrinia myris Santa Skipper Myrinia santa monka Platon Skipper Conognathus platon Earina Bentwing Cyclosemia earina Herennius Bentwing Cyclosemia herennius herennius Green- shouldered Skipper Gorgopas trochilus 20

21 HESPERIDAE - Pyrginae, Carcharodini (SPREAD- WING SKIPPERS) - CONT. Atahuallpai Bolla Bolla atahuallpai Golden- headed Bolla Bolla cupreiceps Chlora Sootywing Staphylus chlora Melangon Sootywing Staphylus melangon Lizeri Sootywing Staphylus lizeri lizeri Minor Sootywing Staphylus minor minor Oeta Sootywing Staphylus oeta Putumayo Sootywing Staphylus putumayo putumayo HESPERIDAE - Pyrginae, Erynnini (SPREAD- WING SKIPPERS) Alcandra Skipper Gorgythion alcandra Variegated Skipper Gorgythion begga pyralina Beggina Skipper Gorgythion beggina escalphoides Plautia Skipper Gorgythion plautia Festive Skipper Sostrata festiva Pusilla Skipper Sostrata pusilla pusilla Ander Mylon Mylon ander ander Argonautarum Mylon Mylon argonautarum Exstincta Mylon Mylon exstincta Black- veined Mylon Mylon maimon Dingy Mylon Mylon pelopidas Simplex Mylon Mylon simplex Hermit Skipper Grais stigmaticus sigmaticus Obscure Bluevent Anastrus obscurus narva Vearis Bluevent Anastra neaeris Petias Bluevent Anastrus petius petius Common Bluevent Anastrus sempiternus simplicor Tolimus Bluevent Anastrus tolimus robigus Virens Bluevent Anastrus virens Capra Skipper Tosta capra Common Bentwing Ebrietas anacreon anacreon Evanidus Bentwing Ebrietas evanidus Infanda Bentwing Ebrietas infanda Small Bentwing Helias phalaenoides phalaenoides Auxo Skipper Camptopleura auxo Impressus Skipper Camptopleura impressus Theramenes Skipper Camptopleura theramenes Enega Bentwing Cycloglypha enega Aztec Bentwing Cylcoglypha thrasibulus thrasibulus Tisias Bentwing Cylcoglypha tisias Slaty Skipper Chiomara mithrax False Duskywing Gesta gesta gesta Heteroptera Duskywing Gesta heteroptera HESPERIDAE - Pyrginae, Achlyodidini (SPREAD- WING SKIPPERS) Echina Skipper Aethilla echina echina Giant Sicklewing Achlyodes busirus Minna Sicklewing Achylodes minna Sickle- winged Skipper Eantis tamenund Lucaria Skipper Charidia lucaria lucaria Scurra Skipper Paramimus scurra herberti Dilla Skipper Ouleus dilla baru Fatinitza Skipper Ouleus fatinitza Fridericus Skipper Ouleus fridericus fridericus Juxta Skipper Ouleus juxta juxta Least Zera Zera tetrastigma Common Blue- Skipper Quadrus cerialis Blue- ringed Blue- Skipper Quadrus contubernalis contubernalis Sharp- banded Blue- Skipper Quadrus deyrollei porta Fanda Blue- Skipper Quadrus fanda Brebisson Skipper Gindanes brebisson phagesia Grand Blue- Skipper Pythonides grandis Eminus Blue- Skipper Pythonides eminus eminus Herennius Blue- Skipper Pythonides herennius herennius 21