א א. KOssuaries. א Eleazar L. Sukenik K. א Talpioth. No. 7: graffito in charcoal on the face: Ιησούς ιού (Jesus, woe!)

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1 א א א א א א א א W א א אאא א א אאא א א >>> אא א אא א א א א א א א א א א א א א א Eleazar L. Sukenik K KOssuaries ١٩٤٥ א אא EF א א Talpioth E١F א אא א E٢F א א ٥٠ ٤٠ W٨٧ א א No. 7: graffito in charcoal on the face: Ιησούς ιού (Jesus, woe!) 1 F.F. Bruce, Archaeological Confirmation of the New Testament, Carl F.H. Henry, ed., Revelation and the Bible. Contemporary Evangelical Thought, Grand Rapids: Baker, 1958, London: The Tyndale Press, pp James H. Charlesworth, ed., Jesus and Archeology, Wm. B. Eerdmans Publishing 2006, p. 664 ٥٩

2 E א א Kאא אF א No. 8: in letters cut into the lid: Ιησούς αλώθ (Jesus, alas!) א Sukenikא א K א א א E٣F א א Sukenik א א א א F.F. BruceKK אא א E٤F א א א K א אא א א א א א K E א F א E٦F E٥F E ١١٣ ٦١F Pliny the Younger א E ٥٥F Thallus 3 E.L. Sukenik, The Earliest Records of Christianity, American Journal of Archaeology 51, 1947, pp F.F. Bruce, Archaeological Confirmation of the New Testament, p (- ) :. -. (Julius Africanus, Chronograohy 18.1), The Extant Fragments of the Five Books of the Chronography, Blackmask Online :. : ). - ( (Book 10, Epistle 96),Pliny the younger Complete letters, trans. P. G. Walsh, Oxford University Press 2006 ٦٠

3 א E٨F E٧F E ١٢٠ ٥٥F Tacitus E ١٤٠ ٧٠F Suetonius E٩F Lucian of א E ٧٣F Mara bar Serapion א E١١F E١٠F K E ١٧٥F Celsus E ٢٠٠ ١١٥F Samosata Pliny, ). (Letters1.18 [ ] : Judaeos impulsore Chresto assidue tumultuantis Roma expulit ( : ) (Lives of Caesars 25.4), Suetonius, trans. J. C. Rofle, Harvard University Press 1959 :. Lives of the ). (Annals 15:38-45) (Caesars 26.2 Annals. [ ] : (15:44).. Auctor nominis eius Christus Tiberio imperitante per procuratorem Pontium Pilatum supplicio adfectus erat Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus outside the New Testament: An introduction to the Ancient Evidence, Eerdmans 2000, p. 40; Tactius, The Annals, trans. J. C. Yardley, Oxford University Press 2008 ).. (Syriac MS Additional 14,658. :. :.. [ ] [ ] [ ] Mara Bar-Serapion, trans. Roberts-Donaldson, The Death of Peregrinus :. εκείνον öv ετι σέβουσι, τον «νθρωπον τόν έν τ ρ Παλαιστίνη άνασκολοπισθέντα, ότι καινήν ταύτην τελετήν ές τόν βίον The Death of Peregrinus 11 = ٦١

4 E א א Kאא אF א א א א א א Kא א E١٢F אאאא א א E١٣F א א א K א K א אא WThe Testimonium Flavianumא WE ١٠٠٣٧F א K א K ٦٦א א אא א א [ ] : = έπειδαν απαξ παραβάντες θεούς µέν τους Ελληνικούς άπαρνήσωνται, τον δέ άνεσκολοπισµένον εκείνον σοφιστήν αύτόν προσκυνώσιν και κατά τους εκείνου νόµους βιώσιν The Death of Peregrinus 13. Lucian: Vol 8, trans. A. M. Harmon, Harvard University Press 1962.Contra Celsum Αληθής Λόγος.... R. Joseph Hoffmann, Celsus, on the True Doctrine, Oxford University Press 1987; Henry Chadwick, Origen: Contra Celsum, Cambridge University Press 1980 Peter Schäfer, Jesus in the Talmud, Princeton University Press 2007; Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus outside the New Testament: An introduction to the Ancient Evidence, Eerdmans 2000, pp James H. Charlesworth, ed., Jesus and the Dead Sea Scrolls, New York: Doubleday, 1992; Klaus Berger, The Truth under Lock and Key? Jesus and the Dead Sea Scrolls, Louisville: Westminster John Knox, 1995; Craig A. Evans, The Recently Published Dead Sea Scrolls and the Historical Jesus, Studying the Historical Jesus: Evaluations of the State of Current Research, ed. Bruce Chilton and Craig A. Evans (NTTS 19); Leiden: Brill, 1994, pp ٦٢

5 א אא א א א F א א E١٤F א Jewish Antiquities א אא K E א K אא א E١٥F WAntiq אאא א א א א K א א Kxאz K אא א א אא א א א א א א אא א E F א א א א א Γίνεται δέ κατά τούτον τον χρόνον Ίησοϋς σοφός άνήρ, ειγε άνδρα αύτόν λέγειν χρή. ή ν γάρ παραδόξων έργων ποιητής, διδάσκαλος άνθρώπων των ήδονη τάληθή δεχομένων, και πολλούς μεν 'Ιουδαίους, πολλούς δέ καί του Ελληνικού έπηγάγετο. ό Χριστός ούτος ήν. και αυτόν ένδείξει των πρώτων άνδών παρ' ήμΐν σταυρώ έπιτετιμηκότος Πιλάτου ούκ έπαύσαντο οί τό πρώτον άγαπήσαντες. έφάνη γάρ αύτοΐς τρίτην έχων ήμέραν πάλιν ζών των θείων προ- φητών ταυτά τε καί άλλα μυρία περί αύτοϋ θαυμάσια είρηκότων. Εις έτι τε νυν τών Χριστιανών άπό τούδε ώνομασμένον ούκ έπέλιπε τό φΰλον. (16) : 15 William Whiston & Paul L. Maier, The New Complete Works of Josephus with Commentary, Kregel Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus outside the New Testament: An introduction to the Ancient Evidence, Eerdmans 2000, p. 85 ٦٣

6 E א א Kאא אF א א אאא א אא Kאא W א אאא א א א א א ١ א אK א א א א א ٢ K א אא א٣ אאא. א א W אא K א א א Kא א א א Ant. F א EAnt F א א (Ant Fאאא E παραδόξων א א έργων ποιητής א א ٦٤

7 א א א א א (ηδονή) pleasure E١٧F K אא אא א א E١٨F אHedonism K אא E١٩F K א א אאEφϋλονF א אאK K Wאא א א E ٣٣٩ ٢٦٠F א א E٢٠F ) א אא א (Ecclesiastical History W 17 Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus outside the New Testament: An introduction to the Ancient Evidence, Eerdmans 2000, p Ibid., p Ibid. 20 John Thackeray, Josephus the man and Historian, KTAV Publishing House, Inc. 1967, p. 138 ٦٥

8 E א א Kאא אF א א א Kאא K E٢١F K אK אא א ١٨٥F א EContra Celsum 1, 47F E ٢٥٤ E٢٢F W א x z א א אx z Ο δ' αὐτός, καίτοι γε ἀπιστῶν τῷ Ιησοῦ ὡς Χριστῷ, ζητῶν τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς τῶν Ιεροσολύμων πτώσεως καὶ τῆς τοῦ ναοῦ καθαιρέσεως, δέον αὐτὸν εἰπεῖν ὅτι ἡ κατὰ τοῦ Ιησοῦ ἐπιβουλὴ τούτων αἰτία γέγονε τῷ λαῷ, ἐπεὶ ἀπέκτειναν τὸν προφητευόμενον Χριστόν (23) א א א א א א K א א א אאאא WE א Fא Paul L. Maier, Eusebius: The Church History, A New Translation with Commentary, Kregel 1999 Commentary on Matthew Contra Celsum, ed. M. Borret, Origsis 2001, MUSAIOS Software 2010 ٦٦

9 א א א א א K א א KxאzK א א א א א א א א א א א אא א א E٢٤F א א א א א E F אאא א א אא א א WE ٩٤٢F E٢٥F א אאא E٢٦F K א אא א אא אא א א E F א KKK KKK K א א א א Kא K א א א א א א א א א א א א א K אא 24 Robert E. Van Voorst, Jesus outside the New Testament: An introduction to the Ancient Evidence, Eerdmans 2000, p Alice Whealey, The The Testimonium Flavianum in Syriac and Arabic, in New Test. Stud. 54, pp ; Shlomo Pines, An Arabic Version of the Testimonium Flavianum and its Implications, Jerusalem: Israel Academy of Arts and Humanities 1971 Agapious (Mahboub) De Menbidj, Kitab Al-Unva (Histoire Universelle), Editee et Traduite en Francasie par Alexandrie Vasiliev, Patrologia Orientalis 1907 (Four Volumes) ٦٧

10 E א א Kאא אF א א א א Kא א א א א א א א א א א א א א א E٢٧F K אא Wא : Joseph Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI), Jesus of Nazareth, Doubleday Religion 2007; Joseph Ratzinger (Pope Benedict XVI), Jesus of Nazareth: Holy Week: From the Entrance Into Jerusalem To The Resurrection, Ignatius Press 2011 ٦٨

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