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1 Vol. 30 No. 6 June 2012 Chinese Journal of Chromatography 624 ~ 629 DOI /SP. J * HPLC Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB - SB-C18 / % ~ % 0. 8 mg /kg RSD n = % ~ 3. 8% Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB LOD LOQ ~ mg /kg ~ mg /kg HPLC O658 A Determination of four Sudan dyes in chili oil by high performance liquid chromatography with on-line photochemical derivatization and fluorescence detection LIU Jun 1 GONG Zhenbin 1 2* 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Environm ental ScienceXiam en UniversityXiam en China 2. College of Oceanography & Environm ental ScienceXiam en UniversityXiam en China Abstract A method for the measurement of Sudan ⅠSudan ⅡSudan Ⅲ and Sudan B in chili oil using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC w ith on-line photochemical derivatizatio n and fluo rescence detectio n has been develo ped. The Sudan dyes w ere separated on an SB-C18 column in a single run by the mixed mobile phase of acetonitrile-w ater w ith a gradient program. A laboratory-built time /energy programmed photochemical reactor PCR w ith an ultraviolet mercury lamp w as installed betw een a photodiode array detector PDA and a fluorescence detector FLD and it w as applied to co nvert the no n-o r w eakly fluo rescent Sudan dyes into fluo rescence em issio n co m po nents. The pho to chem ical derivatizatio n co nditions and fluorescence detection parameters have been investigated and optimized. The recoveries of the standards spiked in real chili oil samples for all the dyes w ere 81. 3% %. The relative standard deviations RSDsn = 6 of the fluorescence signal intensity at the spiked level of 0. 8 mg /kg w ere 2. 6% %. The limits of detection LODs w ere in the range of mg /kg and the limits of quantification LOQs w ere mg /kgw hich w ere better than those of the commonly used HPLC coupled w ith PDA. The developed method w hich is simplesensitiveand selective can be applied to the routine analysis of Sudan dyes. Key words high performance liquid chromatography HPLC on-line photochemical derivatization fluorescence detection Sudan dyes chili oil *. Tel xmu. edu. cn. Agilent

2 / W PTFE 1 6 m 0. 3 mm Zeus CorpUSA PLC g 60 TLC GC- ml 30 min MS HPLC ml - LC-MS HPLC LC-MS UVD 1. 4 Agilent ZORBAX SB C mm 3. 0 mm 3. 5 μm MS A -B 0. 4 ml /min 0 ~ 4 min90% A 4 ~ 8 min90% A ~ UVD FLD 100% A 8 ~ 20 min100% A ~ 23 min FLD 90% A 20 μl PDA PCR FLD FLD HPLC-FLD PCR 1 / FLD photochemical reactorpcr Analyte Time / λ Ex / λ Em / LC - min nm nm - Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB Tedia 2. 1 Sudan Ⅰ 97% Sudan Ⅱ 90% Sudan Ⅲ 96% Sudan B ph 97% Sigma-Aldrich 100 mg /L % % 0. 01% 0. 05% 0. 1% LC-20AB - 1 SPD-M20A PDA RF-20A μm 1 Table 1 Operating parameters for PCR and FLD Models 7725iRheodyneUSA 20 μl Ⅰ Ⅱ PCR UV lamp-on time /min Lamp voltage /V Sudan Ⅰ Sudan Ⅱ Sudan III Sudan B λ Ex excitation w avelength λ Em emission w avelength. 4

3 Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB a PDA b FLD Fig. 1 a PDA chromatogram and b FLD chromatograms of the standard solution of Sudan ⅠⅡⅢ and B Sudan Ⅰ and Sudan Ⅱ 4 mg /L Sudan Ⅲ 0. 5 mg /L Sudan B 1 mg /L. PDA detection 477 nm for Sudan Ⅰ492 nm for Sudan Ⅱ502 nm for Sudan Ⅲ509 nm for Sudan B. For the conditions of FLD detectionsee Table 1. Ⅲ B ⅢB 2 ⅠⅡ 2 a b Fig. 2 a Excitation and b emission spectra of Sudan dyes before and after irradiation Conditions PTFE tube length6 m irradiation time65 s lamp voltage220 V. Curves 1. UV lamp ON 2. UV lamp OFF.

4 Ⅰ FLD PCR Ⅱ Ⅲ B FLD PCR 6. 0 m m 2. 3 / PLC m PTFE V m s ~ 6 m Ⅰ 8 m 6. 0 m Ⅰ 6 ~ 8 m 220 V Fig. 3 3 Effects of irradiation time and light intensity on the fluorescence signals of Sudan dyes % % 0. 01% 0. 05% 0. 1% ~ 45 5 ⅠⅡ ⅠⅡ ⅢB Ⅲ B 4 16

5 Fig. 4 Effect of formic acid content in mobile phase Table 2 Recoveries of Sudan dyes spiked on the fluorescence signals of Sudan dyes in a chili oil sample % The conditions w ere the same as in Fig. 2. Analyte 0. 8 mg /kg 2 mg /kg 4 mg /kg Sudan I Sudan II Sudan III Sudan B Fig. 5 Effect of reaction temperature on the fluorescence signals of Sudan dyes The conditions w ere the same as in Fig ⅢB RSD 2. 6% 3. 5% 3. 2%3. 8% mg /kg % ~ % 2. 5 y x mg /L r 2 3 r SD n = 10 3 LOD 10 LOQ 3 RSD LOD LOQ 6 PCR PDA 0. 8 mg /kg 1. 3 ⅢB PDA 1. 4 RSD Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB 3 Table 3 HPLC-FLD r 2 HPLC-PDA /FLD Linear ranges linear equationscorrelation coefficients r 2 for HPLC-FLD methodand limits of detection LODs limits of quantification LOQs for HPLC-PDA /FLD method Analyte Linear range / Retention time LOD / mg /kg LOQ / mg /kg Linear equation r 2 mg /L ± SD n = 5 /min FLD PDA FLD PDA Sudan Ⅰ ± y = x Sudan Ⅱ ± y = x Sudan Ⅲ ± y = 10233x Sudan B ± y = 2342x y peak area x mass concentrationmg /L. 3 - Ⅰ Ⅱ ⅢB

6 Ⅲ B mg /kg mg /kg PDA 1Liu L NLin T LCao Y. Fine and Specialty Chemicals Ministry of Health. No. 5 Bulletin in 2005 of the Ministry of Health of the People s Republic of China http // w w w. moh. gov. cn /open /w eb _ edit _ file / doc 3Commission Regulation EC No. 669 /2009 4Capitán FCapitán-Vallvey L FFernández M Det al. Anal Chim Acta Pielesz ABaranow ska IRybak Aet al. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Yu K JYang FLu S Y. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory and Technology Wang X JMiao HWen J. Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory and Technology Lancaster MGoodall D MBergstr m E Tet al. J Chromatogr A Lancaster MGoodall D MBergstr m E Tet al. Chem Wang PGuo S FJing Tet al. Chinese Journal of Chro-. matography Food Chem Anal 10Pang Y LWang H Y. Chinese Journal of Analysis Laboratory Wu H QHuang X LHuang Fet al. Chinese Journal of Instrumental Analysis Lin Z GTan JChen M Yet al. Environmental Chemistry Zhang S BHan CLiu J Det al. Journal of Chinese Institute of Food Science and Technology Cornet VGovaert YMoens Get al. J Agric Food Chem Erta E zer HAlasalvar C. Food Chem Zheng M MWu J HLuo Det al. Chinese Journal of Chromatography Yu C HLiu QLan L Det al. J Chromatogr A Fan Y CChen M LShentu Cet al. Anal Chim Acta Xu Z XWang SFang G Zet al. Chromatographia Rebane RLeito IYurchenko Set al. J Chromatogr A Murty M R V SSridhara Chary NPrabhakar Set al. 23Botek PPoustka JHaj lova J. Czech J Food Sci Hou X LLi Y GCao S Jet al. Chromatographia GB /T European Commission. NEWS Notification 03 / http //w w w. instrument. com. cn /dow nload / dow nloadhttp. asp id = Liu JFang FChen Tet al. Journal of Instrumental Analysis

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