2008,22 (6) :887 891 Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences 887 :100028551 (2008) 062887205 (, 030801) :16 4,,, 0 8 16 24mgΠkg, :8 16mgΠkg 24mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ; ( P < 0105) ; Π ( P < 0105),16 24mgΠkg 8mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ( P < 0105), 16 24mgΠkg 8mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ; ( GOT) ( GPT) (AKP) (ACP) (CDH) ( P > 0105) ; (CP) (SOD) ( GSH2px) ( P < 0105) ; ( P < 0105) ( P < 0105), ;, ( P > 0105), 8 16mgΠkg : ; ; ; ; EFFECTS OF RUMEN BY2PASS COPPER ON NUTRIENT METABOLITY OF DIET AND SERUM PHYSICO2CHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN SIMMENTAL STEER WANG Cong LIU Qiang DONG Kuan2hu ZHAO Xiang HUANG Ying2xiang DONG Qun ( College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801) Abstract :Sixteen Simmental steers consuming a corn straw diet were randomly assigned in a block design to treatments to evaluate the effects of different rumen by2pass copper levels on nutrients digestibility, nitrogen balance and serum parameter. Treatments consisted of 0 (control), 8, 16 or 24mg of supplemental Cu (as rumen by2pass copper) per kg diet dry matter. The results showed that the digestibility of organic matter in group supplemented with 8 and 16 mg CuΠkg diet dry matter were higher than control and 24 mgπkg groups( P < 0105). The digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, nitrogen free extract, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber in treatments increased significantly ( P < 0105) compared with those of control. Digestible nitrogen, retention nitrogen and the utilization of nitrogen in group supplemented 16 and 24 mg CuΠkg diet dry matter were higher than those of 8 mg group ( P < 0105). The apparent deposit rate of minerals and the concentrations of serum triglycerides, glucose, cholesterol total, albumin and total protein in treatments increased significantly ( P < 0105) compared with those of control. Urine nitrogen concentrations in treatments decreased, 16 and 24 mg groups obviously lower than control and 8 mg group ( P < 0105). The activities of serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, glutamate pyruvate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase and lactate dehydrogenase were not affected by supplemental Cu ( P > :2007209213 :2007211223 : (2007021034) ; (412551) : (19732),,,,, E2mail :wangdx0321 @1631com ' 1994-2010 China Academic Journal Electronic Publishing House. All rights reserved. http://www.cnki.net
888 22 0105), however, the activities of serum ceruloplasmin, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase increased by supplemental Cu ( P < 0105) significantly. The concentrations of serum maleic dialdehyde significantly decreased by supplemental Cu (P < 0105), and serum Cu, Fe and Zn concentrations in treatments were significantly higher than control (P < 0105), however, no significant difference between treatments. Serum Mn concentrations decreased with no significant difference ( P > 0105). These data indicate that nutrients digestion and utilization are improved by supplemented 8 16mg Cu per kg diet dry matter. The activities of serum enzyme increased and maleic dialdehyde concentration decreased by supplemented 16 mg CuΠkg diet dry matter. The results indicated that optimum rumen by2pass Cu supplemented dose was 8 16 mg Cu per kg diet dry matter. Key words :Simmental steer ; rumen by2pass copper ; digestibility ; nitrogen balance ; physico2chemical parameters,, [1 ],,,,,,, [2 ],,,, [3 ], [4 10 ],,,,, 1 111 16 420kg 215, 4,, 8 16 24mgΠkg (rumen by2pass copper), Cu 10 % 10d, 10d 112 1 ( ) 1 3 (7 00 15 00 23 00),,, 3kg ( ) 6kg ( ), Table 1 Ingredient and nutrient composition of basal diet (dry matter basis) ingredient of basal diet ( %) nutrient composition corn straw 6010 net energy of maintain and finishing 2 (MJΠkg) 6154 corn grain 2018 crude protein, ( %) 10174 wheat bran 410 neutral detergent fiber, ( %) 56151 soybean meal 616 acid detergent fiber, ( %) 35159 cottonseed cake 418 Ca ( %) 0175 rapeseed meal 210 P( %) 0152 calcium carbonate 015 S( %) 0141 salt 014 Se (mgπkg) 0127 sicalcium phosphate 0135 Cu(mgΠkg) 5187 mineral and vitamin mix 1 0155 Zn(mgΠkg) 45168 Fe (mgπkg) 340115 Mn (mgπkg) 41198 Mo (mgπkg) 1179 :1 : kg : A 150, 000 ; D 60, 000 ; E 750 ; 1500mg ; 1500mg ; 2000mg ; 1215mg ; 15mg ; 5mg ;2 :, Note :1 :One kilogram mineral and vitamin mix contained as : V A 150, 000 IU ; V D3 60, 000IU ; V E 750 IU ; Fe 1500mg ; Zn 1500mg ; Mn 2000mg ; I 1215mg ; Se 15mg ; Co 5mg ;2 :The value of net energy of maintain and finishing was caculated and the other data in this colomu were measured.
6 889 113 2 %, 2, 1, 1 65 70,, 10d ( dry matter, DM) (organic matter, OM) (crude protein, CP) (ether extract, EE) (nitrogen free extract, NFE) (Ca) ( P) [11 ] ; ( neutral detergent fiber, NDF) ( acid detergent fiber, ADF) Van Soest [12 ] ; (Cu) anova LSD (Fe) ( Zn) (Mn) AA22610, (S), (Mo) [11 ] 1d 40 ml, 3000 rπmin 15 min,, Eppendorf - 40 ( Glucose, GLU) ( Total protein, TP) (Albumin, ALB) ( Serum urine nitrogen, SUN) ( Total triglyceride, TG) ( Total cholesterol, TC) (maleic dialdehyde, MDA) (superoxide dismutase, SOD) ( glutathione peroxidase, GSH2px ) (ceruloplasmin, Cp) (alkaline phosphatase, AKP) (acid phosphatase, ACP) (lactate dehydrogenase, LDH) (glutamate pyruvate transaminase, GPT) ( glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase, GOT), UV22100 - ; WFY228 [13 ] 114 SPSS1010 One2way2 2 211 2,8 16mgΠkg 24mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ; ( P < 0105), ( P > 0105) 2 Table 2 Effects of supplemental rumen by2pass copper on nutrient apparent digestibility in Simmental steer ( %) nutrient organic matter crude protein ether extract nitrogen free extract neutral detergent fiber acid detergent fiber 0 8 16 24 57123 1192 b 62172 1152 a 64192 1162 a 56159 5177 b 54137 2128 b 59194 0130 a 64176 1127 a 62117 1175 a 43102 1172 b 50192 1177 a 51135 1165 a 52108 1164 a 52187 2126 b 65177 0148 a 66167 1121 a 64147 2165 a 48176 1136 b 56166 1165 a 58185 2106 a 59196 7155 a 43118 1162 b 55108 1169 a 55153 2140 a 54119 7116 a : 0105 Note :The data followed by common small letters indicated no significant at 0105 levels. The same as other tables. 212 3, ( P > 0105), ( P < 0105),16 24mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ; (DN) (RN) RNΠDN ( P < 0105),16 24mgΠkg 8mgΠkg ( P < 0105) 213 4, Cu P Fe Zn Mn Mo ( P < 0105), ( P > 0105) ; Ca S, Ca 16 24mgΠkg 8mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ; S 16mgΠkg 8 24mgΠkg ( P < 0105) 214 5, TG GLU TC ALB TP ( P < 0105), ; SUN,16 24mgΠkg 8mgΠkg ( P < 0105),24mgΠkg 16mgΠkg ( P > 0105) GOT GPT AKP ACP LDH ( P > 0105) Cp SOD
890 22 3 Table 3 Effects of supplemental rumen by2pass copper on the nitrogen balance in Simmental steer nitrogen balance intake N(gΠd) feces N(gΠd) urine N(gΠd) digestible N(gΠd) retenion N(gΠd) Π retention NΠdigestible N ( %) 0 8 16 24 121137 2135 a 119136 1186 a 122134 2114 a 121191 2163 a 55138 1103 a 47181 1124 b 43111 1118 b 36137 0182 c 39157 0165 a 37117 0187 ab 36189 1120 b 36165 0197 b 65199 1134 c 71155 0199 b 79123 1132 a 85154 1119 a 26142 0158 c 34138 1102 b 42134 0149 a 48189 0152 a 40104 0185 c 48105 0159 b 53144 0162 a 57115 0145 a 4 Table 4 Effects of supplemental rumen by2pass copper on the apparent deposit rate of mineral in Simmental steer ( %) mineral Cu Ca P Fe Zn Mn Mo S 0 8 16 24 12193 7161 b 22137 1138 a 26194 2144 a 27109 0189 a 5191 0131 c 21135 1178 b 29178 1150 a 29104 0181 a 21185 0194 b 30148 1143 a 30173 1153 a 31191 0162 a 7105 2157 b 30136 2112 a 30151 3117 a 32112 3195 a 13108 8124 b 25126 2175 a 26101 7182 a 24174 7129 a 16156 6157 b 33163 0162 a 32154 1196 a 31155 3199 a 19115 5139 b 30151 5116 a 30140 5127 a 28125 7168 a 5175 2180 c 19106 1132 b 22137 1140 a 19108 1104 b 5 Table 5 Effects of rumen by2pass copper supplemental on serum parameters in Simmental steer serum parameter TG (mmolπl) GLU (mmolπl) TC (mmolπl) ALB (gπl) TP (gπl) SUN (mmolπl) GPT ( IUΠL) GOT ( IUΠL) AKP ( IUΠL) ACP ( IUΠL) LDH ( IUΠL) Cp ( IUΠL) SOD (UΠml) GSH2px (UΠml) MDA (mmolπl) Cu ( gπdl) Fe ( gπdl) Zn ( gπdl) Mn ( gπdl) 0 8mgΠkg 16mgΠkg 24mgΠkg 0. 44 0. 02 b 0. 71 0. 05 a 0. 77 0. 03 a 0. 74 0. 04 a 2. 91 0. 21 b 3. 79 0. 21 a 3. 86 0. 25 a 3. 77 0. 15 a 2. 78 0. 12 b 3. 38 0. 13 a 3. 91 0. 11 a 3. 65 0. 15 a 32. 11 2. 89 b 40. 28 1. 88 a 41. 89 4. 42 a 44. 62 2. 67 a 47. 15 1. 39 b 52. 96 1. 19 a 54. 88 2. 72 a 55. 40 1. 65 a 4. 08 0. 34 a 3. 97 0. 17 a 3. 38 0. 31 b 2. 77 0. 49 c 7. 42 1. 09 a 7. 69 2. 08 a 6. 26 1. 35 a 8. 47 2. 02 a 14. 38 0. 65 a 18. 50 0. 63 a 16. 86 0. 70 a 17. 48 0. 71 a 13. 25 0. 96 a 15. 99 0. 72 a 15. 34 1. 18 a 11. 99 1. 21 a 2. 73 0. 17 a 2. 40 0. 27 a 2. 58 0. 29 a 2. 48 0. 42 a 9. 06 0. 41 a 8. 03 0. 09 a 8. 09 0. 58 a 8. 60 1. 67 a 20. 01 2. 26 b 27. 74 1. 73 a 28. 66 5. 86 a 30. 53 1. 92 a 78. 08 2. 77 b 86. 87 3. 67 a 94. 44 2. 48 a 101. 52 2. 02 a 37. 06 2. 73 c 54. 34 1. 85 b 68. 18 2. 54a b 73. 36 1. 83 a 8. 13 3. 81 a 4. 99 0. 29 b 4. 95 0. 59 b 4. 48 1. 49 b 117. 65 12. 14 b 128. 38 10. 21 a 165. 76 14. 26 a 176. 28 15. 38 a 222. 91 14. 27 b 283. 32 16. 25 a 309. 47 13. 24 a 295. 79 12. 97 a 110. 78 10. 15 b 126. 57 3. 97 a 143. 41 11. 78 a 160. 75 13. 71 a 25. 07 2. 16 a 28. 27 1. 87 a 29. 59 1. 53 a 29. 78 1. 64a, ( P < 0105) ; GSH2px,,24mgΠkg 8 16mgΠkg ( P < 0105) ;MDA, ( P < 0105), ( P > 0105) Cu Fe Zn, ( P < 0105), ( P > 0105) ; Mn, ( P > 0105)
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