Thermofluids Data Book for Part I of the Engineering Tripos

Thermofluids Data Book for Part I of the Engineering Tripos 004 Edition Cambridge University Engineering Department

CONTENTS Thermodynamic definitions & relationships... Ideal gas relationships... 3 Perfect gas relationships... 3 Mixtures of perfect gases... 3 Non-dimensional groups... 4 Heat transfer... 5 Equations for systems... 6 Equations for control volumes... 7 Equations for streamlines... 9 Incompressible viscous pipe flow... 9 Equations of motion in differential form for viscous steady flow of a fluid... 9 Thermodynamic efficiencies... 0 Combustion... Properties of perfect gases... Molar enthalpies of common gases at low pressures... 3 Thermochemical data for equilibrium reactions... 4 Data for steam... 6 Triple point data for steam... 6 Critical point data for steam... 6 Properties of saturated water & steam: Temperatures from the triple point to the critical point. 7 Properties of saturated water & steam: Pressures from the triple point to the critical point... 9 Specific enthalpy of water and steam...3 Specific Entropy of water and steam... 4 Density of water and steam... 5 Specific internal energy of water and steam... 6 Transport properties of saturated water & steam... 7 Transport properties of steam... 8 Transport properties of air... 8 Transport properties of carbon dioxide... 9 Transport properties of hydrogen... 9 Perfect gas relations for compressible flow for γ=.4... 30 Properties of gases at sea level conditions... 3 Properties of liquids at sea level conditions... 3 The International Standard Atmosphere... 3 Properties of the International Standard Atmosphere at altitude... 3 Physical constants... 33 Conversion of Non-SI to SI Units... 34 Conversion of Non-SI to SI Units cont... 35 Sources of Information... 36 Critical point data for Refrigerant R-34a (CH FCF 3 )... 36 Properties Table for Refrigerant R-34a (CH FCF 3 )... 37 Properties Chart for Refrigerant R-34a (CH FCF 3 )... 38 Properties of steam... 39 06/09/04

THERMODYNAMIC DEFINITIONS & RELATIONSHIPS Specific enthalpy Specific heat capacity at constant volume Specific heat capacity at constant pressure Ratio of specific heat capacities Coefficient of volume expansion Coefficient of compressibility For a simple compressible substance, in the absence of capillarity, electric and magnetic fields h u + c c v p γ pv u T v h T c c p v p v β v T p v κ v p T Tds = du + pdv = dh vdp 06/09/04

IDEAL GAS RELATIONSHIPS Equation of state Relationship between c p, c v and R pv = nrt pv = mrt pv = RT p = ρrt c p cv = R Speed of sound a = γrt PERFECT GAS RELATIONSHIPS Change in specific internal energy u u = cv ( T ) T Change in specific enthalpy h h = c p ( T ) T Change in specific entropy For Isentropic changes s T v c v ln +Rln T v T p s = c p ln Rln T p p ln v c +c ln v p p v γ pv = const. γ Tv = const. ( γ T / p ) γ = const. MIXTURES OF PERFECT GASES For a mixture of N perfect gases where, for component -i, m i = mass, p i = partial pressure, h i = h i (T) = partial specific enthalpy, s i = s i (T, p i ) = partial specific entropy, n i = number of mols and the overbar signifies a partial molar quantity: Pressure of the mixture = p mixture = p i i= i N Enthalpy of the mixture Entropy of the mixture H S mixture mixture = = i = N i= i= N i= m h i m s i i i = = i= N n h i i= i = N n s i i= i i 06/09/04 3

Reynolds Number Mach Number Froude Number Prandtl Number Drag Coefficient Lift Coefficient NON-DIMENSIONAL GROUPS ρvd Vd Re = = µ ν V M = a Fr = V gz µ c p Pr = = λ = D C D ρ V = L C L ρ V τ Skin Friction Coefficient c w f = V ρ Friction Factor Discharge Coefficient Nusselt Number Grashof Number Stanton Number f = 4c f C d m = m hd Nu = λ actual ideal 3 ν α A A gd β T Gr = ν St = Nu RePr h = ρvc p 06/09/04 4

HEAT TRANSFER Conduction, Convection and Radiation Rate of heat transfer Q by convection from a body of surface area A ( ) Q = ha T body T surroundings Rate of heat transfer Q by conduction along a straight bar of cross-sectional area A dt Q = λa dx Rate of heat transfer Q by conduction radially in a straight circular bar of length L dt Q = λπrl dr Rate of heat transfer Q by radiation from a grey body of surface area A and emissivity ε 4 Q = ε Q black = εσat where σ = 5.67x0-8 Wm - K -4 is the Stefan-Boltzmann constant. Logarithmic-Mean Temperature Difference (LMTD) T m T = ln T ( T T ) Convective heat transfer for fully developed flow in circular pipes of diameter d Overall heat transfer for laminar flow with constant wall temperature Nu = 3.66 Re < 300 d Overall heat transfer for turbulent flow with constant wall temperature Nu d = 0.8 d 0.03Re Pr 0.4 d 7 0. < Pr 300 Re <0 0.5 < Pr < 0 < d Heat transfer due to natural convection from a vertical isothermal plate of height L Overall heat transfer ( ) 0. 5 Nu L = 0.5 GrPr Pr Reynolds Analogy c f St = Note that the net rate of heat transfer will be less due to incident radiation 06/09/04 5

Definition of a system A system is a fixed quantity of matter. Conservation of mass applied to a system The mass of a system is constant, i.e. EQUATIONS FOR SYSTEMS m = const. st Law of Thermodynamics applied to a system When heat transfer to, and work done by, a system are defined as positive and the system is undergoing a cyclic process dq = dw When heat transfer to, and work done by, a system of mass m undergoing a process between state and state are defined as positive and in the absence of capillarity, electric and magnetic fields Q W = E E = ( U + mv + mgz ) ( U + mv + mgz ) nd Law of Thermodynamics applied to a system When heat transfer to a system undergoing a cyclic process is defined as positive, the Clausius inequality is dq 0 T When heat transfer to a system of mass m undergoing a process is defined as positive dq mds = + mds irrev where dsirrev T where ds is the entropy created per unit mass by irreversibilities. irrev pdv work for a system When the surface of a system undergoes displacement between state and state and the pressure causing the displacement is known over the entire surface that is displaced, the displacement work done by the system during this process is W = pdv 0 06/09/04 6

EQUATIONS FOR CONTROL VOLUMES Definition of a control volume A control volume is that region of space that is enclosed by a rigid control surface. The requirements for steady flow within a control volume For steady-flow, conditions within the control volume are not, on average, changing so that the mass, momentum, energy and entropy within the control volume remain constant. Conservation of mass applied to a control volume - the Continuity Equation In general, this may be written in vector form as d dt cv ρdv + cs ρv da = 0 where da is positive out of the control volume. It may also be written as dmcv + m out m in = 0 dt For steady flow, the above becomes m out = m in Momentum equations applied to a control volume, including the Steady Flow Momentum Equation (SFME) In general, this may be written in vector form as d dt cv ρvdv + cs ρvv da = F where da is positive out of the control volume and F is the sum of all the non-pressure forces on the flow. cs pda For steady flow, the above becomes the Steady Flow Momentum Equation (SFME) and in x and y coordinates, the SFME is m m out out ρvv da = F cs V V cs x, out m invx, in y, out m inv y, in = = pda F F x y ( pa) x ( pa) y where care is needed with respect to the sign of the V x, V y and A terms. 06/09/04 7

st Law of Thermodynamics applied to a control volume, including the Steady Flow Energy Equation (SFEE) In the absence of capillarity, electric and magnetic fields, the st Law becomes ( h + V + gz ) m ( h + V + gz ) = Q W x decv + m out out dt out out in in in in where E cv is the total energy within the control volume, Q is the rate of heat transfer to the control volume and W x is the rate of shaft work transferred from the control volume. For steady flow, the above becomes the Steady Flow Energy Equation (SFEE) m out ( hout + Vout + gzout ) m in ( hin + Vin + gzin ) = Q W x nd Law of Thermodynamics applied to a control volume When heat transfer to a control volume is defined as positive ds dt cv dq + mout sout minsin S = + irrev where S irrev 0 T A where dq is the rate of heat transfer to an area da of the control surface at temperature T and the integration is over the whole area A of the control surface, S cv is the total entropy within the control volume and S irrev is the rate of entropy creation within the control volume due to irreversibilities. 06/09/04 8

EQUATIONS FOR STREAMLINES Bernoulli's Equation for incompressible inviscid steady flow along a streamline p + ρv + ρgz = const. The pressure gradient normal to a streamline with a radius of curvature R V dp dn ρv = R n,e n e s s R INCOMPRESSIBLE VISCOUS PIPE FLOW The pressure drop along a pipe of constant diameter d and length L, with viscous flow L L p = 4c f ρ V = f ρv d d EQUATIONS OF MOTION IN DIFFERENTIAL FORM FOR VISCOUS STEADY FLOW OF A FLUID Mass conservation (continuity) n Intrinsic coordinates. ( ) = 0 e s + e s Vector Notation. ( ρv ) = 0 n V e s Momentum Intrinsic coordinates Vector Notation V V p p ρ V es e n = es en + ρ g + viscous s R s n ρv V = p + ρ g + viscous 06/09/04 9

THERMODYNAMIC EFFICIENCIES Efficiency of a cycle W ηcycle Q but so W η net cycle = Q B net B Q Q = Q A B A Isentropic efficiencies of compressors and turbines. Q B. Q A. W Net η c Ideal Work Input Actual Work Input = h s h h h η t Actual Work Output Ideal Work Output h = h 3 3 h h 4 4s 06/09/04 0

COMBUSTION The SFEE applied to stoichiometric combustion at constant T and p When heat transfer to a control volume is defined as positive and in the absence of shaft work, changes in KE and PE, capillarity, electric and magnetic fields, the rate of heat transfer and the calorific value (CV ) are related by where ( CV ) n h Q = m = fuel m = M fuel n fuel Calorific values of common fuels (Enthalpies of Reaction) In the following table, the calorific value is equal and opposite to the enthalpy of reaction when the reactants and products are at 5 C and.034 bar. In the evaluation of the lower calorific value and lower enthalpy of reaction, the steam is assumed to be dry saturated. Stoichiometric Equation C Molar Mass M of Fuel kg kmol fuel Phase Calorific Value MJ/kg O CO solid 9.90 + C + O CO solid 3.760 CO + O CO 8 gas 0.00 Higher: H O Lower: H O to water to steam + O H O gas 4.000 0.000 H CH4 + O CO + HO 6 gas 55.500 50.00 H + 3.5O CO + H O 30 gas 5.870 47.470 C 6 3 C3H8 + 5 O 3CO + 4H O 44 gas 50.360 46.360 H + 6.5O 4CO + H O 58 gas 49.50 45.730 C4 0 5 C8H8 +.5O 8CO + 9H O 4 gas 48.70 44.800 H +.5O 8CO + H O 4 liquid 47.900 44.430 C8 8 9 A more exact value is.06 06/09/04

PROPERTIES OF PERFECT GASES Values of M, R, c p, c v and γ At normal atmospheric conditions, and over a limited range of temperature and pressure, the gases listed below may be assumed to behave as perfect gases. That is, they may be assumed to have the equation of state pv = RT, and to have constant specific heat capacities. Gas Molar mass M kg/kmol Gas constant R kj/kg K c p kj/kg K c v kj/kg K Air # 9.0 0.87.005 0.78.40 Atmospheric nitrogen 8.5 0.95.033 0.738.40 N 8 0.97.04 0.74.40 O 3 0.60 0.9 0.66.40 A 40 0.08 0.5 0.3.67 H * 4.0 4.0 0.08.4 He 4.080 5.9 3..67 CO 8 0.97.04 0.74.40 CO 44 0.89 0.8 0.63.3 SO 64 0.30 0.6 0.48.6 CH 4 6 0.50.3.7.3 C H 6 30 0.77.75.47.9 C 3 H 6 4 0.98.5.3.5 Real gases are not perfect gases, and the rounded values for R, c p c v and c p cv listed above do not exactly satisfy the relationships between these quantities that would be obtained for perfect gases. γ c c p v Molar (universal) gas constant R = MR = 8.343 kj/kmol K Molar volume of a perfect gas kmol of any perfect gas occupies a volume of approximately.4 m 3 at s.t.p. (0 C and bar) and contains 6.0x0 6 particles. # Air contains.0% O and 79.0% atmospheric nitrogen by volume (Volumetric and Molar Analyses); 3.% O and 76.8% atmospheric nitrogen by weight (Gravimetric Analysis). Air contains 0.93 % of argon (A) and traces of other gases; these and the nitrogen together are called atmospheric nitrogen. * A more exact value is.06. 06/09/04

MOLAR ENTHALPIES OF COMMON GASES AT LOW PRESSURES At low pressures, and over the temperature range quoted, the gases listed in this Table behave as semi-perfect gases. That is, while having the molar equation of state pv = RT, their specific heat capacities c p and c v are not constant but are functions only of temperature. Gas Air N O H CO CO H O Gas Molar Mass kg/kmol 9 8 3 8 44 8 Molar Mass kg/kmol Temperature K Molar enthalpy MJ/kmol Temperature K 00 5.79 5.8 5.79 5.69 5.8 5.96 6.6 00 98.5=5 C 8.64 8.67 8.66 8.46 8.67 9.37 9.90 5 C=98.5 300 8.70 8.7 8.7 8.5 8.7 9.44 9.96 300 400.6.64.68.4.64 3.37 3.35 400 500 4.57 4.58 4.74 4.34 4.60 7.67 6.8 500 600 7.59 7.56 7.90 7.7 7.6.7 0.39 600 700 0.66 0.6.6 0. 0.69 7. 4.09 700 800 3.8 3.7 4.50 3.6 3.85 3.8 7.90 800 900 7.03 6.89 7.90 6.3 7.07 37.4 3.83 900 000 30.30 30.4 3.37 9.4 30.36 4.78 35.90 000 00 33.64 33.44 34.88 3.8 33.7 48.7 40.09 00 00 37.0 36.79 38.43 35.6 37. 53.87 44.4 00 300 40.44 40.9 4.0 38.38 40.54 59.55 48.84 300 400 43.90 43.6 45.63 4.54 44.0 65.3 53.39 400 500 47.39 47.09 49.7 44.75 47.53 7.3 58.05 500 600 50.9 50.59 5.94 48.00 5.07 77.0 6.8 600 700 54.47 54. 56.63 5.9 54.63 8.94 67.65 700 800 58.04 57.67 60.35 54.6 58. 88.9 7.58 800 900 6.63 6.5 64.09 58.00 6.8 94.93 77.59 900 000 65.4 64.84 67.86 6.40 65.4 00.97 8.67 000 00 68.87 68.44 7.65 64.84 69.06 07.05 87.8 00 00 7.5 7.06 75.46 68.3 7.70 3.5 93.0 00 300 76.8 75.70 79.9 7.8 76.36 9.8 98.7 300 400 79.86 79.35 83.4 75.35 80.03 5.43 03.58 400 500 83.55 83.0 87.0 78.90 83.7 3.6 08.94 500 600 87.5 86.68 90.9 8.48 87.40 37.80 4.34 600 700 90.96 90.36 94.83 86.09 9.0 44.0 9.78 700 800 94.69 94.05 98.77 89.7 94.80 50.5 5.6 800 900 98.4 97.74 0.7 93.37 98.5 56.50 30.77 900 3000 0.6 0.44 06.70 97.04 0.3 6.76 36.3 3000 Notes: () The molar enthalpies listed are those in the ideal gas state at zero pressure, but the values given are also valid at and around atmospheric pressure. () In this table, the arbitrary datum state for zero enthalpy is that of the substance in the ideal gas state at zero pressure and zero absolute temperature. (3) The values for atmospheric nitrogen, * N, may be taken to be the same as those for N. A more exact value is.06 06/09/04 3

THERMOCHEMICAL DATA FOR EQUILIBRIUM REACTIONS The tables of equilibrium constants and standard enthalpy change on the next page relate to the reactions listed below Stoichiometric equations vi A i = 0 i where v i is the stoichiometric coefficient of the substance whose chemical symbol is A i. () H + H = 0 (4) NO + N + O = 0 (7) CO ½ O + CO = 0 () N + N = 0 (5) H ½ O + H O = 0 (8) CO H O + CO + H = 0 (3) O + O = 0 (6) ½ H OH + H O = 0 (9) ½ N 3 H + NH 3 = 0 Equilibrium constants The equilibrium constant * i K p is given by ln ( K p ) = where p pi p0 pi partial pressure of species Ai in bars p standard pressure bar 0 i i * i v ln p Thus * p i is numerically equal to p i but is dimensionless. Standard free enthalpy of reaction At a given temperature, the standard free enthalpy of reaction (or the standard Gibbs function change) ln by the following equation: 0 G T may be calculated from the listed value of ( ) K p G 0 T = RT ln K p = 8.345 T ln( K ) kj p Standard enthalpy of reaction The Standard enthalpy of reaction is given by where 0 ( f T ) i where [ ] H 0 0 [ h ] = ν ([ H ] ) ν i i T i 0 ~ T = i ~ 0 0 0 0 [ hi ] T = ([ H f ] 98 ) + ([ h ] T [ h ] 98 ) i Η is the standard enthalpy of formation of species i at temperature T and a pressure p 0 = bar. i i f T i 06/09/04 4

Equilibrium constants & standard enthalpies of reaction Reaction Number 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 v i = 0 ½ ½ ½ 0 i Temperature Equilibrium Constant ln( ) K 00 50.49 554.47 85.47 05.59 39.97 6.789 59.69 9.79 5.433 98.5 63.986 367.479 86.975 69.865 9.07 06.8 03.76.554 6.593 400 9.50 70.39 35.75 5.3 67.3 77.84 74.669 7.348.778 600 75.7 75.356 85.53 33.03 4.897 48.905 46.45 3.348 3.9 800 53.6 7.753 60.39 4.45 30.59 34.634 3.036.444 5.8 000 39.803 99.7 45.50 8.706 3.6 6.033 3.58 0.366 7.457 00 30.874 80.0 35.005 5.08 8.8 0.8 7.87 0.3 8.570 400 4.463 66.39 7.74.489 4.608 6.60 3.84 0.767 9.37 600 9.63 56.055.85 0.546.9 3.065 0.89.09 9.97 800 5.865 48.05 8.030 9.035 9.85 0.657 8.497.39 0.439 000.835 4.645 4.6 7.84 8.45 8.77 6.634.50 0.80 00 0.353 36.39.87 6.834 6.768 7.48 5.9.649.09 400 8.76 3.0 9.497 6.00 5.69 5.83 3.859.759.358 600 6.5 8.304 7.5 5.34 4.647 4.78.800.847.563 800 5.00 5.7 5.86 4.70 3.8 3.763.893.98.738 3000 3.685.359 4.357 4.05 3.086.936.0.976.885 Temperature K K p Standard Enthalpy of Reaction MJ 0 H T 00 434.7 944. 496.9 80.4 40.9 80. 8. 4. 43.7 98.5 436.0 945.3 498.4 80.6 4.8 8.3 83.0 4.7 45.90 400 437.3 946.6 499.8 80.7 4.8 8.4 83.5 40.63 48.04 600 439.7 948.9 50. 80.7 44.8 84. 83.6 38.88 5.39 800 44. 95. 503.9 80.8 46.5 85.5 83.3 36.8 53.66 000 444.5 953.0 505.4 80.9 47.9 86.6 8.6 34.74 55.07 00 446.7 954.7 506.7 80.9 49.0 87.4 8.8 3.79 55.83 400 448.7 956. 507.8 8.0 49.9 87.9 80.9 30.98 56.07 600 450.6 957.5 508.9 8.0 50.6 88.4 79.9 9.9 55.99 800 45.3 958.7 509.8 8.0 5. 88.6 78.9 7.7 55.66 000 453.8 959.9 50.6 8.0 5.7 88.8 77.9 6. 55.9 00 455. 96.0 5.4 80.8 5. 88.9 76.8 4.79 54.6 400 456.4 96. 5.0 80.7 5.4 89.0 75.8 3.4 53.9 600 457.6 963. 5.5 80.4 5.7 89.0 74.8.07 53. 800 458.6 964. 53.0 80. 53.0 88.9 73.7 0.77 5. 3000 459.6 965.0 53.4 79.7 53.3 88.9 7.7 9.49 5.0 Warning: These tables list absolute temperatures 06/09/04 5

DATA FOR STEAM Source of data The follow ing tables have been produced using equations from the IAPW S Form ulation 995 for the Therm odynam ic Properties ofordinary W ater Substance for G eneraland Scientific Use and the Supplem entary R elease: Saturation Properties of Ordinary W ater Substance. These docum ents can be found on the InternationalA ssociation for the Properties of W ater and Steam w ebsite http://w w w.iapw s.org. TRIPLE POINT DATA FOR STEAM Temperature = 73.6 K (0.0 o C) Pressure = 0.006 bar Phase Specific volume Specific enthalpy Specific entropy m 3 /kg kj/kg kj/kg K Ice 0.000905-333.5 -. Water 0.00000 0.006 0.0 Steam 06 500.9 9.56 CRITICAL POINT DATA FOR STEAM Temperature = 647.096 K (373.946 C) Pressure = 0.64 bar Density = 3 kg/m 3 06/09/04 6

PROPERTIES OF SATURATED WATER & STEAM: Temperatures from the triple point to the critical point Temp. Pressure Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Temp. o C bar m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K o C T p v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g T 0.0 0.006 0.00000 06.005 0.0 375.0 0.0 500.9 500.9 0.000 9.56 0.0 0.00706 0.00000 79.776 8.4 377.6 8.4 496. 504.6 0.03 9.03 4 0.0084 0.00000 57.35 6.8 380.4 6.8 49.4 508. 0.06 9.05 4 6 0.00935 0.00000 37.65 5. 383. 5. 486.7 5.9 0.09 8.999 6 8 0.0073 0.00000 0.846 33.6 385.9 33.6 48.9 55.6 0. 8.949 8 0 0.08 0.00000 06.39 4.0 388.6 4.0 477. 59. 0.5 8.900 0 0.0403 0.0000 93.73 50.4 39.4 50.4 47.5 5.9 0.8 8.85 4 0.0599 0.0000 8.804 58.8 394. 58.8 467.7 56.5 0.0 8.804 4 6 0.089 0.0000 73.95 67. 396.9 67. 463.0 530. 0.39 8.757 6 8 0.0065 0.0000 65.005 75.5 399.6 75.5 458.3 533.8 0.68 8.7 8 0 0.0339 0.0000 57.76 83.9 40.3 83.9 453.5 537.4 0.96 8.666 0 0.0645 0.0000 5.4 9.3 405.0 9.3 448.8 54. 0.35 8.6 4 0.0986 0.00003 45.86 00.6 407.8 00.6 444. 544.7 0.353 8.578 4 5 0.0370 0.00003 43.340 04.8 409. 04.8 44.7 546.5 0.367 8.557 5 6 0.03364 0.00003 40.975 09.0 40.5 09.0 439.3 548.3 0.38 8.535 6 8 0.03783 0.00004 36.673 7.4 43. 7.4 434.6 55.9 0.409 8.493 8 30 0.0447 0.00004 3.879 5.7 45.9 5.7 49.8 555.5 0.437 8.45 30 3 0.04760 0.00005 9.57 34. 48.6 34. 45. 559. 0.464 8.4 3 34 0.0535 0.00006 6.560 4.4 4.3 4.4 40.3 56.8 0.49 8.37 34 36 0.05948 0.00006 3.99 50.8 44.0 50.8 45.5 566.3 0.59 8.33 36 38 0.06633 0.00007.593 59. 46.7 59. 40.8 569.9 0.546 8.94 38 40 0.07385 0.00008 9.55 67.5 49.4 67.5 406.0 573.5 0.57 8.56 40 4 0.080 0.00009 7.663 75.9 43. 75.9 40. 577. 0.599 8.8 4 44 0.093 0.0000 6.00 84. 434.7 84. 396.4 580.6 0.65 8.8 44 46 0.000 0.0000 4.534 9.6 437.4 9.6 39.6 584. 0.65 8.45 46 48 0.78 0.000 3. 0.0 440. 0.0 386.8 587.8 0.678 8.0 48 50 0.35 0.000.06 09.3 44.7 09.3 38.0 59.3 0.704 8.075 50 5 0.363 0.0003 0.96 7.7 445.4 7.7 377. 594.8 0.730 8.040 5 54 0.503 0.0004 0.006 6.0 448.0 6. 37.3 598.3 0.755 8.007 54 56 0.6534 0.0005 9.45 34.4 450.7 34.4 367.4 60.8 0.78 7.973 56 58 0.87 0.0006 8.368 4.8 453.3 4.8 36.5 605.3 0.806 7.940 58 60 0.9947 0.0007 7.667 5. 455.9 5. 357.7 608.8 0.83 7.908 60 6 0.868 0.0008 7.033 59.5 458.5 59.5 35.8 6.3 0.856 7.876 6 64 0.3944 0.0009 6.460 67.9 46. 67.9 347.9 65.8 0.88 7.845 64 66 0.684 0.0000 5.940 76.3 463.7 76.3 34.9 69. 0.906 7.84 66 68 0.8600 0.000 5.468 84.6 466.3 84.7 338.0 6.7 0.93 7.784 68 70 0.30 0.0003 5.040 93.0 468.8 93. 333.0 66. 0.955 7.754 70 7 0.3400 0.0004 4.650 30.4 47.4 30.4 38. 69.5 0.979 7.75 7 74 0.3700 0.0005 4.95 309.8 474.0 309.8 33. 63.9.004 7.696 74 76 0.4040 0.0006 3.97 38. 476.5 38. 38. 636.3.08 7.667 76 78 0.43704 0.0008 3.675 36.6 479.0 36.6 33. 639.7.05 7.639 78 80 0.4746 0.0009 3.405 335.0 48.5 335.0 308.0 643.0.076 7.6 80 8 0.5388 0.00030 3.58 343.3 484. 343.4 303.0 646.4.099 7.584 8 84 0.55636 0.0003.93 35.7 486.5 35.8 97.9 649.7.3 7.557 84 86 0.6074 0.00033.75 360. 489.0 360. 9.8 653.0.46 7.530 86 88 0.6508 0.00035.534 368.6 49.5 368.6 87.6 656.3.70 7.504 88 90 0.7083 0.00036.359 377.0 494.0 377.0 8.5 659.5.93 7.478 90 9 0.75685 0.00037.98 385.4 496.4 385.4 77.3 66.8.6 7.453 9 94 0.854 0.00039.050 393.8 498.8 393.9 7. 666.0.39 7.48 94 96 0.8777 0.00040.94 40. 50. 40.3 66.9 669..6 7.403 96 98 0.94390 0.0004.788 40.6 503.6 40.7 6.7 67.4.85 7.378 98 00.048 0.00043.67 49. 506.0 49. 56.4 675.6.307 7.354 00 T p v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g T 06/09/04 7

Properties of Saturated Water & Steam continued: Temperatures from the triple point to the critical point Temp. Pressure Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Temp. o C bar m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K o C T p v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g T 00.04 0.00043.6796 49. 506.0 49. 56.4 675.6.307 7.354 00 05.09 0.00047.4856 440. 5.9 440.3 43. 683.4.363 7.95 05 0.434 0.0005.0945 46.3 57.7 46.4 9.6 69..49 7.38 0 5.69 0.00056.03598 48.4 53.3 48.6 6.0 698.6.474 7.83 5 0.987 0.00060 0.8933 503.6 58.8 503.8 0. 705.9.58 7.9 0 5.3 0.00065 0.770 54.8 534.3 55. 88.0 73..58 7.077 5 30.703 0.00070 0.66808 546. 539.5 546.4 73.7 70..635 7.06 30 35 3.3 0.00075 0.5879 567.4 544.6 567.7 59. 76.9.687 6.977 35 40 3.65 0.00080 0.50850 588.8 549.6 589. 44.3 733.4.739 6.99 40 45 4.57 0.00085 0.44600 60. 554.4 60.6 9. 739.8.79 6.883 45 50 4.76 0.0009 0.3948 63.7 559.0 63. 3.7 745.9.84 6.837 50 55 5.435 0.00096 0.34648 653. 563.5 653.8 098.0 75.8.89 6.793 55 60 6.8 0.000 0.30680 674.8 567.8 675.5 08.0 757.4.943 6.749 60 65 7.009 0.0008 0.744 696.5 57.8 697. 065.6 76.8.99 6.707 65 70 7.9 0.004 0.460 78. 575.7 79. 048.8 767.9.04 6.665 70 75 8.96 0.00 0.659 740.0 579.4 74.0 03.7 77.7.09 6.64 75 80 0.08 0.007 0.9384 76.9 58.8 763. 04. 777..39 6.584 80 85.35 0.0034 0.7390 783.9 586.0 785. 996. 78.4.88 6.545 85 90.55 0.004 0.5636 806.0 589.0 807.4 977.8 785.3.35 6.506 90 95 3.988 0.0049 0.4089 88. 59.7 89.8 959.0 788.8.83 6.468 95 00 5.549 0.0057 0.7 850.5 594. 85.3 939.7 79.0.33 6.430 00 05 7.43 0.0064 0.508 87.9 596.4 874.9 99.9 794.8.378 6.393 05 0 9.077 0.0073 0.049 895.4 598.3 897.6 899.6 797.3.44 6.356 0 5.059 0.008 0.09468 98.0 599.9 90.5 878.8 799.3.47 6.30 5 0 3.96 0.0090 0.08609 940.8 60. 943.6 857.4 800.9.58 6.84 0 5 5.497 0.0099 0.0784 963.7 60. 966.8 835.3 80..564 6.48 5 30 7.97 0.0009 0.075 986.8 60.9 990. 8.7 80.9.60 6.3 30 35 30.66 0.009 0.06530 00.0 603. 03.8 789.4 803..656 6.78 35 40 33.470 0.009 0.0597 033.4 603. 037.6 765.4 803.0.70 6.4 40 45 36.5 0.0040 0.05466 057.0 60.7 06.5 740.7 80..748 6.07 45 50 39.76 0.005 0.05009 080.8 60.8 085.8 75. 800.9.793 6.07 50 55 43.9 0.0063 0.04594 04.8 600.5 0. 688.9 799..839 6.037 55 60 46.93 0.0076 0.048 9.0 598.7 34.9 66.7 796.6.885 6.00 60 65 50.853 0.0089 0.03875 53.4 596.5 59.9 633.6 793.5.930 5.966 65 70 55.030 0.00303 0.0356 78. 593.7 85. 604.5 789.7.976 5.930 70 75 59.464 0.0037 0.0377 03.0 590.3 0.9 574.3 785. 3.0 5.894 75 80 64.66 0.00333 0.0305 8.3 586.4 36.8 543.0 779.9 3.068 5.858 80 85 69.46 0.00349 0.0776 53.9 58.8 63. 50.5 773.7 3.4 5.8 85 90 74.48 0.00366 0.0555 79.8 576.5 90.0 476.7 766.7 3.6 5.783 90 95 79.99 0.00384 0.0353 306. 570.5 37. 44.5 758.7 3.08 5.745 95 300 85.879 0.00404 0.066 33.8 563.6 344.9 404.7 749.6 3.55 5.706 300 305 9.094 0.0045 0.0993 360. 555.8 373. 366. 739.4 3.30 5.666 305 30 98.650 0.00447 0.0833 387.8 547. 40. 35.8 77.9 3.35 5.64 30 35 05.56 0.0047 0.0685 46. 537. 43.7 83.3 75.0 3.399 5.58 35 30.843 0.00499 0.0547 445. 56.0 46. 38.5 700.6 3.449 5.537 30 35 0.50 0.0058 0.048 475.0 53.4 493.4 90.9 684.3 3.500 5.49 35 330 8.58 0.00560 0.098 505.7 499. 55.8 40. 666.0 3.55 5.44 330 335 37.073 0.00597 0.085 537.5 483.0 559.4 086.0 645.4 3.605 5.39 335 340 46.007 0.00638 0.0078 570.7 464.5 594.6 07.4 6.9 3.660 5.336 340 345 55.406 0.00685 0.00977 605.4 443. 63.6 963.4 595. 3.78 5.76 345 350 65.93 0.0074 0.0088 64.3 48.3 67. 89.7 563.8 3.779 5. 350 355 75.700 0.00808 0.00787 68. 388.6 73.9 8.9 56.9 3.844 5.38 355 360 86.660 0.00895 0.00695 76. 35.8 76.5 70.0 48.6 3.96 5.054 360 365 98.8 0.0005 0.0060 777. 303.6 87. 605.5 4.7 4.000 4.949 365 370 0.438 0.007 0.00495 844.5 30. 89. 443. 334.3 4. 4.80 370 373.95 0.640 0.00306 0.003 08. 08. 086.6 0.0 086.6 4.40 4.40 373.95 T p v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g T 06/09/04 8

PROPERTIES OF SATURATED WATER & STEAM: Pressures from the triple point to the critical point Pressure Temp. Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Pressure bar o C m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K bar p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 0.006 0.0 0.00000 06.00 0.0 375.0 0.0 500.9 500.9 0.000 9.56 0.006 0.0 7.50 0.0000 66.99 73.4 398.9 73.4 459.5 53.9 0.6 8.73 0.0 0.04 8.96 0.00004 34.79.4 44.5.4 43.3 553.7 0.4 8.473 0.04 0.06 36.6 0.00006 3.73 5.5 44. 5.5 45. 566.6 0.5 8.39 0.06 0.08 4.5 0.00008 8.0 73.8 43.4 73.8 40.4 576. 0.59 8.7 0.08 0.0 45.8 0.0000 4.67 9.8 437. 9.8 39. 583.9 0.649 8.49 0.0 0. 49.4 0.000.36 06.9 44.0 06.9 383.4 590.3 0.696 8.085 0. 0.4 5.55 0.0003 0.69 0.0 446. 0.0 375.8 595.8 0.737 8.03 0.4 0.6 55.3 0.0005 9.43 3.5 449.8 3.6 369. 600.6 0.77 7.985 0.6 0.8 57.80 0.0006 8.44 4.9 453.0 4.9 363.0 605.0 0.804 7.944 0.8 0.0 60.06 0.0007 7.65 5.4 456.0 5.4 357.5 608.9 0.83 7.907 0.0 0. 6.3 0.0008 6.99 60. 458.7 60. 35.4 6.5 0.858 7.874 0. 0.4 64.05 0.0009 6.45 68. 46. 68. 347.7 65.9 0.88 7.844 0.4 0.6 65.84 0.0000 5.98 75.6 463.5 75.6 343.3 69.0 0.904 7.87 0.6 0.8 67.5 0.000 5.58 8.6 465.7 8.6 339. 6.8 0.95 7.79 0.8 0.30 69.09 0.000 5.3 89. 467.7 89.3 335.3 64.5 0.944 7.767 0.30 0.3 70.58 0.0003 4.9 95.5 469.6 95.5 33.6 67. 0.96 7.745 0.3 0.34 7.00 0.0004 4.65 30.4 47.4 30.4 38. 69.5 0.979 7.75 0.34 0.36 73.34 0.0005 4.4 307.0 473. 307. 34.7 63.8 0.996 7.705 0.36 0.38 74.63 0.0006 4.9 3.4 474.8 3.5 3.5 634.0.0 7.687 0.38 0.40 75.86 0.0006 3.99 37.6 476.3 37.6 38.4 636..06 7.669 0.40 0.4 77.03 0.0007 3.8 3.5 477.8 3.6 35.5 638.0.040 7.65 0.4 0.44 78.6 0.0008 3.65 37.3 479. 37.3 3.6 639.9.054 7.637 0.44 0.46 79.5 0.0009 3.50 33.8 480.6 33.9 309.9 64.8.067 7.6 0.46 0.48 80.30 0.0009 3.37 336. 48.9 336.3 307. 643.5.079 7.607 0.48 0.50 8.3 0.00030 3.4 340.5 483. 340.5 304.7 645..09 7.593 0.50 0.5 8.30 0.0003 3. 344.6 484.4 344.6 30. 646.8.03 7.580 0.5 0.54 83.5 0.0003 3.0 348.6 485.6 348.6 99.8 648.4.4 7.567 0.54 0.56 84.7 0.0003.9 35.4 486.8 35.5 97.4 649.9.5 7.555 0.56 0.58 85.06 0.0003.8 356. 487.9 356.3 95. 65.4.35 7.543 0.58 0.60 85.93 0.00033.73 359.8 488.9 359.9 93.0 65.9.45 7.53 0.60 0.6 86.77 0.00034.65 363.4 490.0 363.4 90.8 654..55 7.50 0.6 0.64 87.59 0.00034.57 366.8 49.0 366.9 88.7 655.6.65 7.509 0.64 0.66 88.39 0.00035.50 370. 49.0 370.3 86.6 656.9.74 7.499 0.66 0.68 89.7 0.00035.43 373.5 49.9 373.5 84.6 658..83 7.489 0.68 0.70 89.93 0.00036.37 376.7 493.9 376.7 8.7 659.4.9 7.479 0.70 0.7 90.67 0.00036.30 379.8 494.8 379.9 80.8 660.6.0 7.470 0.7 0.74 9.40 0.00037.5 38.9 495.7 38.9 78.9 66.8.09 7.460 0.74 0.76 9. 0.00037.9 385.8 496.5 385.9 77.0 663.0.7 7.45 0.76 0.78 9.8 0.00038.4 388.8 497.4 388.8 75. 664..5 7.443 0.78 0.80 93.49 0.00039.09 39.6 498. 39.7 73.5 665..33 7.434 0.80 0.8 94.5 0.00039.04 394.4 499.0 394.5 7.7 666.3.4 7.46 0.8 0.84 94.80 0.00039.99 397. 499.8 397.3 70.0 667.3.48 7.48 0.84 0.86 95.44 0.00040.95 399.9 500.6 400.0 68.4 668.3.55 7.40 0.86 0.88 96.07 0.00040.9 40.5 50.3 40.6 66.7 669.3.63 7.40 0.88 0.90 96.69 0.0004.87 405. 50. 405. 65. 670.3.70 7.394 0.90 0.9 97.9 0.0004.83 407.6 50.8 407.7 63.5 67.3.77 7.387 0.9 0.94 97.89 0.0004.80 40. 503.5 40. 6.0 67..83 7.380 0.94 0.96 98.47 0.0004.76 4.6 504. 4.7 60.4 673..90 7.373 0.96 0.98 99.04 0.00043.73 45.0 504.9 45. 58.9 674..96 7.366 0.98.00 99.6 0.00043.69 47.4 505.5 47.5 57.4 674.9.303 7.359.00 p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 06/09/04 9

Properties of Saturated Water & Steam continued: Pressures from the triple point to the critical point Pressure Temp. Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Pressure bar o C m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K bar p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p.0 99.6 0.00043.694 47.4 505.5 47.5 57.4 674.9.303 7.359.0.5.35 0.00053.594 467.0 59. 467. 6.0 693..434 7.3.5.0 0. 0.0006 0.8858 504.5 59. 504.7 0.5 706..530 7.7.0.5 7.4 0.00067 0.787 535. 536.8 535.3 8. 76.5.607 7.053.5 3.0 33.5 0.00073 0.6058 56. 543. 56.4 63.5 74.9.67 6.99 3.0 3.5 38.86 0.00079 0.54 583.9 548.5 584.3 47.7 73.0.77 6.940 3.5 4.0 43.6 0.00084 0.464 604. 553. 604.7 33.4 738..776 6.896 4.0 4.5 47.90 0.00088 0.439 6.7 557. 63. 0. 743.4.80 6.856 4.5 5.0 5.83 0.00093 0.3748 639.5 560.7 640. 08.0 748..860 6.8 5.0 5.5 55.46 0.00097 0.346 655. 563.9 655.8 096.6 75.3.897 6.789 5.5 6.0 58.83 0.000 0.356 669.7 566.8 670.4 085.8 756..93 6.759 6.0 6.5 6.98 0.0004 0.96 683.4 569.4 684. 075.5 759.6.96 6.73 6.5 7.0 64.95 0.0008 0.78 696. 57.8 697.0 065.8 76.8.99 6.707 7.0 7.5 67.75 0.00 0.555 708.4 574.0 709. 056.4 765.6.09 6.684 7.5 8.0 70.4 0.005 0.403 70.0 576.0 70.9 047.4 768.3.046 6.66 8.0 8.5 7.94 0.008 0.69 73.0 577.9 73.0 038.8 770.8.070 6.64 8.5 9.0 75.35 0.00 0.49 74.6 579.6 74.6 030.5 773.0.094 6.6 9.0 9.5 77.66 0.004 0.04 75.7 58. 75.7 0.4 775..7 6.603 9.5 0.0 79.88 0.007 0.944 76.4 58.7 76.5 04.6 777..38 6.585 0.0 0.5 8.0 0.0030 0.855 770.8 584. 77.9 007.0 778.9.59 6.568 0.5.0 84.06 0.0033 0.775 779.8 585.5 78.0 999.6 780.6.78 6.55.0.5 86.04 0.0036 0.70 788.5 586.7 789.8 99.4 78..98 6.537.5.0 87.96 0.0038 0.633 797.0 587.8 798.3 985.4 783.7.6 6.5.0.5 89.8 0.004 0.570 805. 588.9 806.6 978.6 785..34 6.507.5 3.0 9.60 0.0044 0.5 83. 589.9 84.6 97.9 786.5.5 6.494 3.0 3.5 93.35 0.0046 0.458 80.8 590.9 8.4 965.3 787.7.67 6.480 3.5 4.0 95.04 0.0049 0.408 88.4 59.8 830.0 958.9 788.8.84 6.467 4.0 4.5 96.68 0.005 0.36 835.7 59.6 837.4 95.6 789.9.99 6.455 4.5 5.0 98.9 0.0054 0.37 84.8 593.4 844.6 946.4 79.0.34 6.443 5.0 5.5 99.85 0.0056 0.76 849.8 594. 85.6 940.3 79.9.39 6.43 5.5 6.0 0.37 0.0059 0.37 856.6 594.8 858.5 934.4 79.8.343 6.40 6.0 6.5 0.86 0.006 0.0 863.3 595.5 865. 98.5 793.7.357 6.409 6.5 7.0 04.3 0.0063 0.67 869.8 596. 87.7 9.7 794.5.37 6.398 7.0 7.5 05.7 0.0066 0.34 876. 596.7 878. 97.0 795..384 6.388 7.5 8.0 07. 0.0068 0.04 88.4 597. 884.5 9.4 795.9.397 6.377 8.0 8.5 08.47 0.0070 0.075 888.5 597.8 890.7 905.9 796.6.40 6.368 8.5 9.0 09.80 0.007 0.047 894.5 598. 896.7 900.5 797..43 6.358 9.0 9.5.0 0.0075 0.0 900.4 598.7 90.7 895. 797.8.435 6.348 9.5 0.0.38 0.0077 0.0996 906. 599. 908.5 889.8 798.3.447 6.339 0.0 0.5 3.63 0.0079 0.097 9.8 599.5 94. 884.6 798.8.458 6.330 0.5.0 4.86 0.008 0.0949 97.4 599.9 99.9 879.4 799.3.470 6.3.0.5 6.06 0.0083 0.098 9.9 600. 95.4 874.3 799.7.48 6.3.5.0 7.5 0.0085 0.0907 98.3 600.6 930.9 869. 800..49 6.304.0.5 8.4 0.0087 0.0887 933.6 600.9 936.3 864. 800.5.503 6.95.5 3.0 9.56 0.0089 0.0868 938.8 60. 94.5 859.3 800.8.53 6.87 3.0 3.5 0.68 0.009 0.0850 943.9 60.4 946.7 854.4 80..54 6.79 3.5 4.0.79 0.0093 0.083 949.0 60.6 95.9 849.6 80.4.534 6.7 4.0 4.5.88 0.0095 0.086 954.0 60.9 956.9 844.8 80.7.544 6.63 4.5 5.0 3.95 0.0097 0.0800 958.9 60. 96.9 840.0 80.9.554 6.56 5.0 5.5 5.0 0.0099 0.0784 963.8 60. 966.8 835.3 80..564 6.48 5.5 p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 06/09/04 0

Properties of Saturated Water & Steam continued: Pressures from the triple point to the critical point Pressure Temp. Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Pressure bar o C m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K bar p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 6.0 6.05 0.000 0.0769 968.6 60.4 97.7 830.7 80.3.574 6.4 6.0 6.5 7.07 0.0003 0.0755 973.3 60.5 976.5 86. 80.5.583 6.34 6.5 7.0 8.08 0.0005 0.074 977.9 60.7 98. 8.5 80.7.59 6.6 7.0 7.5 9.07 0.0007 0.077 98.5 60.8 985.9 86.9 80.8.60 6.9 7.5 8.0 30.06 0.0009 0.074 987. 60.9 990.5 8.4 80.9.6 6. 8.0 8.5 3.0 0.00 0.070 99.6 603.0 995.0 808.0 803.0.69 6.06 8.5 9.0 3.98 0.003 0.0690 996.0 603. 999.5 803.6 803..68 6.99 9.0 9.5 3.9 0.005 0.0678 000.4 603. 004.0 799. 803..637 6.9 9.5 30 33.85 0.007 0.06667 004.7 603. 008.4 794.8 803..645 6.86 30 3 37.46 0.004 0.0648 0.5 603. 05.4 777.7 803..679 6.60 3 34 40.90 0.003 0.05876 037.7 603. 04.8 76.0 80.9.70 6.36 34 36 44.8 0.0038 0.05545 053. 60.8 057.6 744.8 80.4.740 6.3 36 38 47.33 0.0045 0.0547 068. 60.3 07.8 78.9 80.7.769 6.09 38 40 50.35 0.005 0.04978 08.5 60.7 087.5 73.3 800.8.797 6.070 40 4 53.6 0.0059 0.04733 096.4 60.0 0.7 698. 799.8.83 6.049 4 44 56.07 0.0066 0.0450 09.9 600. 5.5 683. 798.6.849 6.09 44 46 58.78 0.0073 0.04306 3.0 599. 8.9 668.4 797.3.874 6.00 46 48 6.40 0.0080 0.048 35.8 598. 4.9 653.9 795.8.898 5.99 48 50 63.94 0.0086 0.03945 48. 597.0 54.6 639.6 794..9 5.974 50 5 66.40 0.0093 0.03784 60.3 595.7 67.0 65.5 79.5.943 5.956 5 54 68.79 0.0099 0.03635 7. 594.4 79. 6.6 790.7.965 5.939 54 56 7. 0.00306 0.03496 83.6 593.0 90.9 597.8 788.8.986 5.9 56 58 73.38 0.003 0.03366 94.9 59.5 0.5 584. 786.7 3.007 5.906 58 60 75.58 0.0039 0.0345 06.0 589.9 3.9 570.7 784.6 3.07 5.890 60 6 77.73 0.0036 0.033 6.8 588.3 5.0 557.4 78.4 3.047 5.875 6 64 79.83 0.0033 0.0304 7.4 586.5 35.9 544. 780. 3.067 5.859 64 66 8.87 0.00339 0.093 37.8 584.8 46.7 53.0 777.7 3.085 5.844 66 68 83.87 0.00345 0.088 48. 58.9 57. 58.0 775. 3.04 5.89 68 70 85.83 0.0035 0.0738 58. 58.0 67.6 505.0 77.6 3. 5.85 70 7 87.74 0.00358 0.0653 68.0 579.0 77.8 49. 770.0 3.40 5.800 7 74 89.6 0.00365 0.057 77.8 577.0 87.9 479.4 767.3 3.57 5.786 74 76 9.45 0.0037 0.0495 87.4 574.9 97.8 466.7 764.5 3.74 5.77 76 78 93.5 0.00378 0.04 96.8 57.7 307.6 454.0 76.6 3.9 5.759 78 80 95.0 0.00384 0.035 306. 570.5 37. 44.4 758.7 3.08 5.745 80 8 96.74 0.0039 0.086 35.3 568. 36.7 48.9 755.7 3.4 5.73 8 84 98.43 0.00398 0.03 34.4 565.9 336. 46.4 75.6 3.40 5.78 84 86 300.0 0.00404 0.06 333.4 563.5 345.5 404.0 749.4 3.56 5.705 86 88 30.74 0.004 0.004 34. 56.0 354.7 39.5 746. 3.7 5.69 88 90 303.35 0.0048 0.0049 35.0 558.5 363.8 379. 74.9 3.87 5.679 90 9 304.93 0.0045 0.0996 359.7 556.0 37.8 366.8 739.6 3.30 5.666 9 94 306.48 0.0043 0.0945 368. 553.3 38.7 354.5 736. 3.37 5.654 94 96 308.0 0.00438 0.0895 376.7 550.7 390.5 34. 73.6 3.33 5.64 96 98 309.5 0.00445 0.0848 385. 548.0 399.3 39.8 79. 3.346 5.68 98 00 3.00 0.0045 0.0803 393.4 545. 407.9 37.5 75.5 3.360 5.66 00 05 34.60 0.00470 0.0696 43.9 538.0 49.3 86.8 76. 3.396 5.585 05 0 38.08 0.00488 0.0599 433.9 530.4 450.3 56.0 706.3 3.430 5.554 0 5 3.43 0.00507 0.0509 453.6 5.5 47.0 5. 696. 3.464 5.54 5 0 34.68 0.0056 0.046 473.0 54.3 49.3 94. 685.4 3.496 5.494 0 5 37.8 0.00546 0.0350 49. 505.6 5.5 6.8 674.3 3.59 5.464 5 30 330.85 0.00566 0.078 5. 496.5 53.4 3.3 66.7 3.56 5.434 30 35 333.80 0.00588 0.0 59.8 487.0 55. 099.3 650.6 3.59 5.403 35 40 336.67 0.0060 0.049 548.4 477. 57.0 067.0 637.9 3.63 5.373 40 45 339.45 0.00633 0.0090 566.9 466.7 590.6 034. 64.7 3.654 5.34 45 p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 06/09/04

Properties of Saturated Water & Steam continued: Pressures from the triple point to the critical point Pressure Temp. Specific volume Spec. int. energy Specific enthalpy Specific entropy Pressure bar o C m 3/ kg kj/kg kj/kg kj/kg K bar p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 50 34.6 0.00657 0.0034 585.4 455.7 60.3 000.5 60.8 3.685 5.3 50 55 344.79 0.00683 0.0098 603.9 444. 630.0 966. 596.3 3.75 5.79 55 60 347.35 0.0070 0.0093 6.5 43.0 649.9 93. 58.0 3.746 5.47 60 65 349.86 0.00739 0.00883 64. 49. 669.9 894.9 564.8 3.777 5.3 65 70 35.9 0.00770 0.00837 660. 405.4 690.3 857.4 547.7 3.808 5.79 70 75 354.67 0.00804 0.00793 679.4 390.7 7.0 88.5 59.5 3.840 5.43 75 80 356.99 0.00840 0.00750 699. 374.9 73. 777.8 50.0 3.87 5.06 80 85 359.6 0.0088 0.00709 79.3 357.9 754. 734.9 489.0 3.905 5.067 85 90 36.47 0.0096 0.00668 740.3 339. 776.9 689. 466.0 3.940 5.06 90 95 363.63 0.00977 0.0067 76.3 38.4 800.9 639.8 440.7 3.976 4.98 95 00 365.75 0.00038 0.00586 785.9 94.8 86.6 585.4 4. 4.05 4.93 00 05 367.8 0.00 0.00544 8.7 67.3 855.0 53.8 378.9 4.057 4.875 05 0 369.83 0.0007 0.00499 84.6 33.5 888.0 450.4 338.4 4.07 4.808 0 5 37.79 0.00349 0.00448 879.5 87.4 930.0 353.6 83.6 4.7 4.79 5 0 373.7 0.00703 0.00364 95.6 09.4 0. 6.5 7.6 4.94 4.544 0 0.64 373.95 0.00306 0.003 08. 08. 086.6 0.0 086.6 4.40 4.40 0.64 p T v f v g u f u g h f h fg h g s f s g p 06/09/04

Pressure (bar) SPECIFIC ENTHALPY OF WATER AND STEAM kj/kg 0. 0.5 5 0 0 40 60 80 00 50 00 0.64 50 300 400 500 000 Critical Isobar 0.0 0 0. 0. 0.5 4. 6. 8. 0. 5. 0.. 5 9.9 39.6 49. 95.4 5 04.8 04.9 04.9 05.3 05.8 06.7 08.5 0.4. 4. 8.6 3. 5. 7.8 3.3 4.3 50. 94. 50 59.0 09.4 09.4 09.8 0...8 4.5 6. 7.9. 6.5 8.3 30.8 35. 43.6 5.0 93.9 75 639.8 34.0 34. 34.4 34.8 35.6 37. 38.8 30.5 3. 36. 330. 33.8 334. 338. 346. 354.3 394.3 Temp ( o C) 00 687.5 68.4 675.8 49.5 49.8 40.6 4. 43.6 45. 46.6 430.4 434. 435.7 438.0 44.7 449.3 456.9 495. 5 735. 73.5 76.7 55.3 55.6 56.3 57.7 59. 530.5 53.8 535.3 538.8 540.3 54.4 545.9 553.0 560. 596.3 50 783.0 780. 776.6 63. 63.5 633. 634.4 635.6 636.9 638. 64.3 644.4 645.8 647.7 650.9 657.4 664.0 697.9 75 83. 88.9 86. 80.4 74. 74.6 74.7 743.7 744.8 745.9 748.6 75.4 75.6 754. 757. 763.0 768.9 800. 00 879.6 877.8 875.5 855.8 88.3 85.5 853.3 854. 854.9 855.8 858.0 860.3 86. 86.6 865.0 870.0 875. 903.4 5 98.4 96.8 94.9 908.8 887.0 836. 967. 967.6 968. 968.7 970. 97.7 97.4 973.4 975. 979.0 983. 007.6 50 977.4 976. 974.5 96.0 943. 903. 085.8 085.7 085.7 085.8 086. 086.7 087.0 087.4 088.4 090.7 093.5 3. 75 306.9 305.8 304.4 30.9 997.8 965. 887.3 0.9 0.0 09.3 07.8 06.7 06.4 06.0 05.7 05.8 06.8 0. 300 3076.7 3075.8 3074.5 3064.6 305.6 304. 96.7 885.5 786.5 343.3 338.3 334.4 333.0 33.3 38.9 35.6 34.0 39. 35 36.9 36. 35.0 36.3 305.0 308.5 309.5 969.5 898.4 80.3 485.6 475. 47.7 467.3 46. 45. 446.4 440.3 350 377.5 376.8 375.8 368. 358. 337.7 3093.3 3043.9 988. 94.0 693. 646.0 635.6 63.9 608.8 588.8 576. 554.0 375 38.5 37.9 37.0 30. 3.3 393. 354.7 3.8 3066.9 306.3 858.9 60.6 337.7 849.4 79.8 74.6 76.6 670.8 400 379.9 379.3 378.6 37.3 364.5 348.3 34.5 378. 339.4 3097.4 975.7 86.9 73.9 578.6 5.8 93.4 874.4 79. 45 333.8 333. 3330.5 334.9 337.8 3303.3 373. 34.4 307.7 37.0 307.3 953.0 896. 805.0 6.8 99.0 060.7 95.7 450 3384.0 3383.5 338.8 3377.7 337.3 3358. 333. 330.9 373.3 34.3 357.9 306.7 307.8 950.6 8.0 5.8 84.7 044.7 475 3436.6 3436. 3435.6 3430.9 345. 343. 3388.7 3363.4 3337. 3309.7 336.6 355.8 30.0 3066. 966.8 740. 50.0 78.5 500 3489.7 3489.3 3488.7 3484.5 3479. 3468. 3446.0 343. 3399.5 3375. 330.8 34. 30.8 365.9 3084.7 906.5 7.6 36. 550 3597. 3596.8 3596.3 359.7 3588. 3579.0 3560.3 354.3 35.8 350.0 3450.4 3396. 3373.0 3339. 379.7 354.4 305.3 595.9 600 3706.3 3706.0 3705.6 370.5 3698.6 3690.7 3674.9 3658.7 364.4 365.8 3583. 3539.0 350.4 3493.5 3446.7 3350.4 35.5 865. 650 387. 386.9 386.6 383.9 380.5 3803.8 3790. 3776. 376.3 3748. 37. 3675.3 3659.8 3637.7 3599.4 35.6 3443.4 30.5 700 399.9 399.7 399.4 397.0 394. 398. 3906.3 3894.3 388. 3870.0 3839. 3807.8 3794.7 3776.0 3743.9 3679. 364.6 3330.7 750 4044.4 4044. 4043.9 404.8 4039.3 4034. 403.6 403. 400.6 399.0 3965. 3938. 396.9 390.9 3883.4 388.4 3773.9 3530.5 800 460.6 460.4 460. 458.4 456. 45.5 44.3 433. 43.8 44.5 409. 4067.5 4057.7 4043.8 400.0 397.6 395.8 375.3 06/09/04 3

Pressure (bar) SPECIFIC ENTROPY OF WATER AND STEAM kj/kg K 0. 0.5 5 0 0 40 60 80 00 50 00 0.64 50 300 400 500 000 Critical Isobar 0.0 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.000 0.000-0.00-0.008 5 0.367 0.367 0.367 0.367 0.367 0.367 0.366 0.366 0.365 0.365 0.363 0.36 0.36 0.360 0.359 0.356 0.353 0.337 50 8.74 0.704 0.704 0.704 0.703 0.703 0.70 0.70 0.700 0.699 0.697 0.695 0.694 0.69 0.690 0.686 0.68 0.659 75 8.37.06.06.05.05.05.03.0.0.00.006.003.00.000 0.997 0.99 0.986 0.958 Temp ( o C) 00 8.449 7.695 7.36.307.307.306.304.303.30.300.96.9.9.88.85.78.7.37 5 8.573 7.83 7.493.58.58.580.578.576.574.573.568.564.56.559.555.546.538.500 50 8.689 7.94 7.65.84.84.840.838.836.834.83.86.8.89.86.8.80.79.748 75 8.800 8.053 7.78 6.943.090.089.087.084.08.079.073.066.064.060.054.043.03.98 00 8.905 8.59 7.836 7.06 6.696.330.37.34.30.37.30.303.300.96.89.75.63.06 5 9.005 8.60 7.937 7.70 6.87 6.46.56.557.554.550.54.53.59.54.56.500.485.4 50 9.0 8.357 8.035 7.7 6.96 6.547.793.789.784.779.768.757.753.747.737.79.70.68 75 9.94 8.449 8.8 7.369 7.09 6.663 6.3 3.0 3.06 3.00.995.98.976.969.956.934.93.88 300 9.83 8.539 8.7 7.46 7.5 6.768 6.364 6.070 5.794 3.49 3.8 3.09 3.0 3.9 3.76 3.47 3. 3.0 35 9.368 8.65 8.303 7.550 7.6 6.866 6.480 6.4 5.985 5.760 3.479 3.449 3.439 3.44 3.40 3.363 3.33 3. 350 9.45 8.708 8.387 7.635 7.303 6.958 6.584 6.336 6.3 5.946 5.444 3.79 3.707 3.680 3.644 3.587 3.543 3.398 375 9.53 8.788 8.467 7.76 7.386 7.046 6.68 6.444 6.56 6.09 5.705 5.7 4.798 4.034 3.93 3.89 3.764 3.58 400 9.609 8.866 8.545 7.796 7.467 7.9 6.77 6.543 6.366 6.4 5.88 5.553 5.400 5.40 4.476 4.4 4.003 3.764 45 9.685 8.94 8.6 7.87 7.545 7.09 6.857 6.635 6.465 6.33 6.03 5.75 5.638 5.47 5.47 4.504 4.75 3.945 450 9.758 9.05 8.695 7.947 7.60 7.87 6.939 6.7 6.558 6.4 6.43 5.904 5.80 5.676 5.44 4.945 4.590 4.7 475 9.830 9.087 8.766 8.09 7.693 7.36 7.07 6.804 6.645 6.54 6.50 6.03 5.949 5.833 5.640 5.56 4.90 4.309 500 9.900 9.57 8.836 8.089 7.764 7.434 7.09 6.883 6.77 6.599 6.348 6.45 6.068 5.964 5.796 5.474 5.76 4.490 550 0.034 9.9 8.97 8.5 7.90 7.57 7.35 7.03 6.880 6.758 6.53 6.339 6.7 6.8 6.040 5.786 5.556 4.84 600 0.63 9.40 9.00 8.354 8.03 7.704 7.37 7.69 7.0 6.904 6.680 6.507 6.445 6.364 6.37 6.07 5.85 5.58 650 0.87 9.544 9.3 8.478 8.56 7.830 7.499 7.300 7.56 7.04 6.83 6.659 6.60 6.54 6.407 6.08 6.037 5.43 700 0.406 9.663 9.34 8.598 8.75 7.95 7.6 7.45 7.8 7.69 6.957 6.799 6.743 6.670 6.560 6.374 6.8 5.664 750 0.50 9.777 9.457 8.73 8.39 8.067 7.739 7.544 7.403 7.9 7.084 6.930 6.876 6.805 6.700 6.54 6.378 5.864 800 0.63 9.888 9.568 8.84 8.50 8.79 7.85 7.658 7.58 7.408 7.04 7.053 7.000 6.93 6.830 6.66 6.53 6.04 06/09/04 4

Pressure (bar) DENSITY OF WATER AND STEAM kg/m 3 0. 0.5 5 0 0 40 60 80 00 50 00 0.64 50 300 400 500 000 Critical Isobar 0.0 999.8 999.8 999.8 000.0 000.3 000.8 00.8 00.8 003.8 004.8 007.3 009.7 00.7 0. 04.5 09. 03.8 045.3 5 997.0 997.0 997.0 997. 997.5 997.9 998.8 999.7 000.6 00.5 003.7 005.8 006.7 008.0 00. 04.3 08.4 037.9 50 0.0673 988.0 988.0 988. 988.4 988.9 989.7 990.6 99.5 99.3 994.4 996.5 997.4 998.6 000.7 004.7 008.7 07.4 75 0.064 974.8 974.8 975.0 975. 975.7 976.6 977.5 978.3 979. 98.3 983.5 984.4 985.6 987.7 99.8 995.8 04.6 Temp ( o C) 00 0.058 0.93 0.590 958.5 958.8 959. 960. 96. 96.0 96.9 965. 967.4 968.4 969.6 97.8 976. 980.3 999.8 5 0.0545 0.74 0.550 939. 939.4 939.9 940.9 94.9 94.9 943.9 946.4 948.8 949.8 95. 953.5 958. 96.5 983. 50 0.05 0.57 0.56 97.0 97.3 97.9 99.0 90. 9. 9.3 95.0 97.7 98.8 930.3 93.9 937.9 94.7 964.8 75 0.0484 0.43 0.487.503 89.4 893.0 894.3 895.6 896.8 898. 90. 904. 905.4 907. 909.9 95.5 90.9 945.0 00 0.0458 0.30 0.460.353 4.850 865.0 866.5 868.0 869.5 870.9 874.5 878.0 879.4 88.3 884.6 890.9 897.0 93.7 5 0.0435 0.8 0.437.3 4.550 9.63 835. 836.9 838.7 840.4 844.7 848.8 850.5 85.8 856.6 864.0 870.9 90.0 50 0.044 0.07 0.46.08 4.300 8.97 798.9 80. 803.5 805.7 8.0 86. 88. 80.9 85.6 834.3 84.4 876.7 75 0.0395 0.98 0.396.006 4.070 8.43 8.3 759. 76. 765. 77. 778.7 78.3 784.8 790.6 80.4 8. 850.8 300 0.0378 0.89 0.379.93 3.880 7.97 6.99 7.63 4. 75.3 75.6 734.7 738. 743.0 750.7 764.4 776.5 83. 35 0.036 0.8 0.363.830 3.700 7.57 5.93 5.39 36.5 50.3 664.9 679.8 685.3 69.4 703.4 7.0 737.6 793.7 350 0.0348 0.74 0.348.754 3.540 7. 5.04 3.67 33.4 44.6 87. 600.6 6.0 65.5 643.9 67.9 693. 76.3 375 0.0334 0.67 0.335.684 3.390 6.90 4.8.7 3.0 40.7 7.9 30.3 0.0 505.5 558. 609.3 64. 78.8 400 0.03 0.6 0.3.60 3.60 6.6 3.6.09 9. 37.8 63.8 00.5.9 66.5 357.4 53.3 577.8 69.9 45 0.030 0.55 0.3.56 3.40 6.35 3.03 0.07 7.5 35.5 58.3 87. 0.8 6.8 88.7 394. 497.7 654.7 450 0.0300 0.50 0.300.506 3.030 6..49 9.7 6. 33.6 54. 78.6 90.3 09.0 48.4 70.9 40.0 64. 475 0.090 0.45 0.90.454.90 5.90.0 8.37 5.0 3.9 50.8 7.4 8.4 97.8 8. 0.0 35. 57.7 500 0.080 0.40 0.80.407.80 5.69.57 7.65 3.9 30.5 48.0 67.6 76.4 89.7 5. 77.8 57. 58.3 550 0.063 0.3 0.63.30.650 5.33 0.79 6.39. 8.0 43.6 60.3 67.7 78.5 98.3 43. 95.4 444.6 600 0.048 0.4 0.48.44.490 5.0 0. 5.3 0.6 6. 40. 55.0 6.4 70.7 87.4 3.6 63.7 374. 650 0.035 0.7 0.35.76.360 4.73 9.53 4.40 9.4 4.4 37.3 50.8 56.5 64.8 79.4 0.5 43.7 3.0 700 0.03 0. 0.3.5.30 4.48 9.0 3.60 8..9 34.9 47.3 5.5 60. 73. 00.7 9.6 8.0 750 0.0 0.06 0..060.0 4.5 8.55.88 7.3.7 3.9 44.4 49. 56. 68. 93. 8.8 53.0 800 0.00 0.0 0.0.00.00 4.05 8.4.5 6.4 0.6 3. 4.9 46.4 5.8 64.0 86.8 0. 30.6 06/09/04 5

Pressure (bar) SPECIFIC INTERNAL ENERGY OF WATER AND STEAM kj/kg 0. 0.5 5 0 0 40 60 80 00 50 00 0.64 50 300 400 500 000 Critical Isobar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0. 0. 0. 0. 0. 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3-0. 5 04.8 04.8 04.8 04.8 04.7 04.7 04.5 04.4 04. 04. 03.7 03.3 03. 0.9 0.6 0.9 0. 97.7 50 443.3 09.3 09.3 09.3 09. 09.0 08.7 08.4 08. 07.9 07. 06.4 06. 05.8 05. 03.7 0.5 96.6 75 479.5 34.0 34.0 33.9 33.8 33.6 33. 3.7 3.3 3.9 30.8 309.8 309.4 308.8 307.8 305.9 304. 95.8 Temp ( o C) 00 55.5 5.5 506. 48.9 48.8 48.5 47.9 47.4 46.8 46. 44.8 43.5 4.9 4. 40.9 408.4 405.9 395. 5 55.6 548.7 545.0 54.7 54.5 54. 53.4 5.7 5.0 5. 59.5 57.8 57. 56. 54.4 5. 508. 494.6 50 587.9 585.7 58.9 63.6 63.4 630.9 630.0 69. 68. 67.3 65. 6.9 6.0 60.8 68.7 64.8 6.0 594.3 75 64.5 6.8 60.6 60.6 740.0 739.4 738. 737.0 735.9 734.8 73.0 79.3 78. 76.7 74. 79.3 74.6 694.4 00 66.3 660.0 658. 643.3 6. 850. 848.6 847. 845.7 844.3 840.8 837.5 836. 834. 83. 85. 89.4 795. 5 698.5 697.4 695.9 683.9 667.3 68.5 96.3 960.5 958.6 956.8 95.4 948. 946.4 944. 940. 93.7 95.8 896.6 50 736. 735. 733.9 73.8 70.4 680. 080.8 078. 075.8 073.4 067.6 06. 060.0 057.0 05.0 04.7 034. 999. 75 774.0 773. 77. 763.6 75.3 77.8 668.9 03.0 99.5 96. 88.3 8.0 78. 74. 67.7 55.9 45. 0.7 300 8.3 8.6 80.6 803. 793.6 773. 76. 668.4 59.3 39.4 37.6 307. 303. 97.6 88.9 73.3 59.6 07.6 35 850.9 850.3 849.5 843.0 834.7 87. 778.3 733. 679. 6.6 463.0 445.8 439.5 43. 48.4 396.7 378.6 34.3 350 890.0 889.4 888.7 883.0 875.7 860.5 87.4 790.4 748.3 699.6 50.9 6.7 599.6 583.9 56. 59.3 503.9 4.8 375 99.5 99.0 98.3 93. 96.7 903.3 874.7 843.4 808.9 770.7 650.4 449. 3.6 799.9 738. 677.0 638.6 533.6 400 969.3 968.9 968.3 963.7 957.9 945.9 90.7 893.7 864.6 833. 740.6 67.9 55.9 48.5 068.9 854.9 787.8 646.8 45 3009.6 3009. 3008.7 3004.5 999. 988.5 966. 94.4 97. 890.4 85.0 73.5 679.3 607.8 45.8 097.5 960. 76.9 450 3050.3 3049.9 3049.4 3045.6 3040.9 303. 30.0 989.9 967.8 944.5 880.7 807. 773.4 7. 68.9 364. 60.3 88.9 475 309.4 309.0 3090.6 3087. 308.8 3073.9 3055.7 3036.7 307.0 996.5 94.3 879.7 85. 80.5 73.7 549.7 36.4 003.6 500 33.9 33.6 33. 39.0 35.0 36.9 300.3 3083. 3065.4 3047.0 998.4 945.3 9.0 887.3 84.0 68.6 58. 6.9 550 37. 37.0 36.6 33.9 30.5 303.6 389.5 375. 360.5 345.4 306. 3064.7 3046.9 300.8 974.5 875.0 769.5 37.0 600 3303.3 3303. 330.8 3300.4 397.5 39.5 379.4 367. 354.7 34.0 309.3 375.3 360.9 340.0 303.4 306.8 947. 597.9 650 339. 339.0 3390.7 3388.6 3386.0 3380.8 3370.3 3359.6 3348.9 3337.9 330. 38.4 369.3 35.9 3.7 359.5 3095.6 798.9 700 3480.8 3480.6 3480.4 3478.5 3476. 347.6 346.4 3453.0 3443.6 3434.0 3409.8 3385. 3374.7 3359.9 3334.3 38.0 38.7 976. 750 357. 357.0 357.8 3570. 3568. 3564.0 3555.8 3547.5 3539. 3530.7 3509.4 3487.7 3478.7 3465.8 3443.6 3398.6 3353. 335. 800 3665.3 3665. 3665.0 3663.6 366.7 3658.0 3650.6 3643. 3635.7 368. 3609. 3590. 358. 3570.7 355. 35.8 347. 38.7 06/09/04 6

Temp. C TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF SATURATED WATER & STEAM Specific volume m 3 /kg v f vg Isobaric specific heat capacity kj/kg K c p f c pg Thermal conductivity W/m K λ f 3 λg µ f /0 Dynamic viscosity kg/s m 6 µ /0 g f Prandtl number = µ c p λ 0.0 0.0000 06. 4.7.854 0.569 0.073.755 8.8 3.0 0.94 0.0 0 0.0000 06.4 4.93.860 0.587 0.085.30 9. 9.9 0.95 0 0 0.0000 57.8 4.8.866 0.603 0.09.00 9.4 6.95 0.98 0 30 0.0000 3.9 4.79.885 0.68 0.098 0.797 9.7 5.39 0.93 30 40 0.000 9.5 4.79.885 0.63 0.004 0.65 0. 4.3 0.930 40 50 0.000.05 4.8.899 0.643 0.00 0.544 0.4 3.53 0.939 50 60 0.000 7.68 4.85.95 0.653 0.07 0.46 0.7.96 0.947 60 70 0.000 5.05 4.90.936 0.66 0.04 0.400..53 0.956 70 80 0.0003 3.4 4.97.96 0.670 0.03 0.350.4.9 0.966 80 90 0.0004.36 4.05.99 0.676 0.040 0.3.7.93 0.976 90 00 0.0004.673 4.6.08 0.68 0.049 0.78..73 0.986 00 5 0.0007 0.770 4.54.47 0.687 0.07 0.9 3.3.358.047 5 50 0.0009 0.39 4.30.34 0.687 0.0300 0.80 4.4.33.0 50 75 0.00 0.7 4.389.54 0.679 0.0334 0.53 5.6 0.990.85 75 00 0.006 0.7 4.497.843 0.665 0.0375 0.33 6.7 0.90.70 00 5 0.000 0.0783 4.648 3.38 0.644 0.047 0.8 7.9 0.853.36 5 50 0.005 0.0500 4.867 3.77 0.66 0.0495 0.065 9. 0.84.45 50 75 0.003 0.037 5.0 4.56 0.58 0.0587 0.097 0. 0.869.56 75 300 0.0040 0.06 5.76 5.863 0.54 0.079 0.0897.4 0.955.74 300 35 0.0053 0.04 6.86 8.440 0.493 0.099 0.0790 3.0.00.09 35 350 0.0074 0.00880 0.0 7.5 0.437 0.343 0.0648 5.8.50 3.9 350 360 0.0090 0.00694 4.6 5. 0.400 0.68 0.058 7.5. 3.89 360 374.5 0.0037 0.0037 0.4 0.4 0.045 45.0 374.5 Pr Prg Temp. C 06/09/04 7

Temp. C TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF STEAM Isobaric sp. heat capacity kj/kg K Thermal conductivity W/m K Dynamic viscosity kg/s m Prandtl number c λ 6 µ /0 Pr = µ c p λ p 00.08 0.045. 0.986 00.979 0.033 6. 0.968 300.00 0.0434 0.4 0.946 400.067 0.0548 4.6 0.98 500.3 0.0673 8.8 0.9 600.0 0.0805 3.9 0.898 700.68 0.094 36.8 0.887 800.33 0.080 40.6 0.876 Values for water at atmospheric pressure between 0 C and 00 C are given with sufficient accuracy by the saturated values in the previous table. The above values are correct for a pressure of atm =.035 bar but may be used with sufficient accuracy at other pressures. Temp. C TRANSPORT PROPERTIES OF AIR Isobaric sp. heat capacity kj/kg K Thermal conductivity W/m K Dynamic viscosity kg/s m Prandtl number c λ 6 µ /0 Pr = µ c p λ p -00.0 0.06 0.75 0.0 0.04 7 0.7 00.0 0.03 0.70 00.03 0.039 6 0.69 300.05 0.045 30 0.69 400.07 0.05 33 0.70 500.0 0.056 36 0.70 600. 0.06 39 0.7 700.4 0.066 4 0.7 800.6 0.07 44 0.73 This table may be used with reasonable accuracy for values of c p, γ, µ and Pr of N, O and CO. The above values are correct for a pressure of atm =.035 bar but may be used with sufficient accuracy at other pressures. 06/09/04 8