2007 1 Vol. 1, 2, 1, Ξ 1 (1., 230026 ; 2., 230022) :, (UA) (AGCE), 0. 1 molπl (ph 5. 0), 0. 1 molπl KCl, AGCE 0. 484 V UA 5. 0 10-6 2. 0 10-4 molπl, 019989, 110 10-6 molπl,, UA UA : ; ; ; ; :O657. 1 :A :100020720 (2007) 012027205 (UA), (Lesch - Ny2 (AA) [18 ] ; UA [19 ] ; han ), UA [20 ] [16 ], UA 1 molπl NaOH,,, [7 ] [8 ], UA [9,10 ] [11,16 ] ; ;,,, UA,, AA UA, UA,, [11 ] - [12 ] [13 ] [14 ] 1 1. 1 LK98B (, [15 ], ) ; PHS - 3C ( [16 ],, ) ; : (<3 mm),, ( ) ; (, H 2 SO 4 ) ; ph 5. 0 UA [17 ] ; UA, 0. 1 molπl KCl Ξ : 2006201216 ; : 2006203227 : (29975025) : (1958 - ),, 27
2007 1, 1. 2 ( GCE),, (1 + 1) HNO 3 5 min1 molπl NaOH, 2. 2 V 600 s,, 1. 3 : 0. 2 V, 0. 8 V : 0 V, 0. 8 V, 0. 005 V, 0. 05 V, 0. 05 s, 0. 1 s 2 2. 1 1 0. 1 molπl, ph 5. 0 UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl), UA, 1 molπl NaOH 2. 2 V (AGCE), 0. 484 V UA AGCE 20 mv, 7, UA,, UA,,,, UA, [21 ] Fig. 2 Differential pulse voltammograms of UA (110 10-4 molπl) at the GCE (1) and the AGCE(2-5) in 011 2. 2 2 1. 0 10-4 molπl, ph 510 acetate buffer solution molπl UA (ph 5. 0 HAc - : 1 molπl, 0. 5 molπl H 2 SO 4, 1 molπl NaAc ) ( GCE) NaOH 0. 1 molπl H 3 PO 4 (ph 7. 0) (AGCE) 1 molπl NaOH0. 5 molπl H 2 SO 4 1 molπl HAc 0. 1 molπlh 3 PO 4 (ph 7. 0), NaOH UA ( 1) NaOH, 2. 2 V 600 28 s, UA,, 1 molπl NaOH, 2. 2 V 600 s 1 0. 1 molπl, ph 5. 0 UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl) (1) (2) Vol. Fig. 1 Cyclic voltammograms of UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl) at a GCE (1) and an AGCE (2) in 0. 1 molπl, ph 5. 0 acetate buffer solution 2 0. 1 molπl, ph 5. 0 UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl) (1) (2-5) 2. 3, UA, UA 50300 mvπs
2007 1 Vol., I p = 1174 + 1104 v 1Π2 ( I pa : A, v : mvπs), r = 0. 9987UA 2. 4 ph ph UA, ph 3. 55. 0, 1. 0 10-4 molπl UA ph ; ph > 5. 0, ph, ph 5. 0 E p ph, : E p = - 5716 10-3 ph + 0177, r = 019976), E p - ph - 5716 mvπph, UA, 2, UA, [22 ] :, p Ka (0. 1 molπl, ph 4. 17 11. 57 ph 5. 0, UA 5. 0 ),, 10, ph, 0. 4770. 482 V, 7. 89A, AGCE, 4. 05 %, ( RSD) UA, UA 211 %, UA,,, 2. 5, 10 1 0147101481 V, 7172A, 3 1. 0 10-4 molπl UA (0. 1 molπl, ph 5. 0 5109 %, RSD 312 %, ) AGCE,, 2 h,, 6 h, 1 Tab. 1 Results for repeatability and reproducibility at the, AGCE 3 Fig. 3 Dependence of the peak current on time 2. 6 1 1. 0 10-4 molπl UA AGCE EΠV IΠA EΠV IΠA 1 0. 479 8. 21 0. 478 7. 89 2 0. 477 7. 99 0. 476 7. 49 3 0. 477 8. 01 0. 479 7. 75 4 0. 478 8. 00 0. 479 7. 58 5 0. 478 7. 87 0. 471 7. 31 6 0. 478 7. 82 0. 471 7. 77 7 0. 482 7. 83 0. 472 7. 88 8 0. 477 7. 76 0. 472 7. 77 9 0. 477 7. 72 0. 480 7. 57 10 0. 482 7. 66 0. 481 8. 18 29
2007 1 Vol. 2. 7, UA UA 5. 0 10-6 2. 0 10-4 molπl, I p = 4. 03 + 0. 103 c ( I p : A, c : molπl ), r = 019989, 110 10-6 molπl, ph 510, 110 10-4 molπl UA 10, RSD 316 %, 2. 8 4 ph 5. 0 UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl) AA (1. 0 10-3 molπl) AGCE, UA AA, AA UA, UA AA, UA AA ( 4),,, AA UA 250 mv, AGCE UA AA 2 ( n = 5) Tab. 2 Determination results of uric acid in human serum samples UA RSD cπ(molπl) Π% Π% 1 7. 37 3. 84 101. 4 2 5. 75 4. 40 99. 8 3 5. 85 2. 54 97. 4 3,,,,,,,,,, 4 UA (1. 0 10-4 molπl) AA (1. 0 10-3 molπl) AGCE Fig. 4 Differential pulse voltammograms of UA(110 10-4 molπl) and AA (110 10-3 molπl) at the AGCE in 011 molπl, ph 510 acetate buffer solution 2. 9 3, 500 L 25 ml, ph 5. 0, 2. 3, 2 30 [1 ] Wootton I D P, Freeman H. Microanalysis in Medical Bio2 chemistry, Sixth ed., Churchill Livingstone, New York, 1982 [2 ] Liberopoulos E, Christides D, Moses E. J Hypertension, 2002, 20 : 347 [3] Mateos F A, Puig J G. J Inherit Metab Dis, 1994, 17 : 138 [4 ] Johnson R J, Kang D K, Feig D et al. J Hypertension, 2003, 41 : 1183 [5 ] Alderman M, Aiyer KJ V. Curr Med Res Opin, 2004, 20 : 369 [6 ] Ochiai M E, Barretto A C P, Oliveira Jr M T et al. Eur J Heart Failure, 2005, 7 : 468 [7 ] FiliSetti2Cozzi, Carpita N C. Anal Biochem, 1991, 197 (1) : 157 [8 ] Ferraris S P, Lew H, Elsayed N M. Anal Biochem, 1991, 195 (1) : 116 [9 ] Bhargava A K, Lal H, Pundir C S. J Biochem Biophys Methods,1999, 39 (3) : 125 [10 ] Luo J W, Zhang M, Pang D. Sens Actuat B, 2005, 106 (1) : 358 [11 ] Zare H R, Memarzadeh F, Ardakani M M et al. Electro2
2007 1 Vol. chim Acta, 2005, 50 (16-17) : 3495 [12 ] Zheng L Z, Wu S G, Lin X Q et al. Electroanal, 2001, 13 (16) : 1351 [13 ],,., 2005, 33 (1) : 77 [14 ],., 2004, 23 (6) : 18 [15 ] Raj C R, Ohsaka T. J Electroanal Chem, 2003, 540 : 69 [16 ] Goyal R N, Oyama M, Sangal A et al. Indian J Chem Section A2Inorg. Bio2inorg Phys TheoretAnal Chem, 2005, 44 (5) : 945 [17 ] Kang Shi, Kwok2Keung Shiu. Electroanal, 2001, 13 : 1319 [18 ] Premkumar J, Khoo S B. J Electroanal Chem, 2005, 576 (1) : 105 [19 ] Majidi M R, Danandeh2Jenagharad M. Asian J Chem, 2005, 17 (4) : 2165 [20 ] Chen J C, Chung H H, Hsu C T et al. Sens Actuat B, 2005, 110 (2) : 364 [21 ],,., 1996, 12 (7) : 649 [22 ] John S A. J Electroanal Chem, 2005, 579 (2) : 249 Determination of uric acid in whole blood by using an activated glassy carbon electrode WANG Chang2qin 1, XU Hai2hong 2, HAN Xiao2gang 1 and WU Shou2guo 3 1 (1. Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026 ; 2. Chemical Examination Section, The Third People s Hospital of Hefei, Hefei 230022), Fenxi Shiyanshi, 2007, 26 (1) : 2731 Abstract : An activated glassy carbon electrode (AGCE) was generated by anodic polarization in the alkali solution. The electrochemical behavior of uric acid (UA) was investigated at the AGCE by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). A novel method was proposed for the determination of UA in human whole blood by differ2 ential pulse voltammetry (DPV). A sensitive oxidation peak was observed at 0. 484 V ( vs. SCE) in 0. 1 molπl HAc - NaAc buffer solution (ph 5. 0) with 0. 1 molπl potassium chloride as supporting electrolyte. The peak current is well2proportional to the concentration of UA over the rang from 5. 0 10-6 to 2. 0 10-4 molπl by DPV, with the cor2 relation coefficient of 0. 9989. The activated glassy carbon electrode is easy to be prepared with good reproducibility and it can be used for the determination of UA in the presence of ascorbic acid. The method was employed for mea2 surement of UA in human whole blood with satisfactory results. Keywords : Activated glassy carbon electrode ; Uric acid ; Blood ; Cyclic voltammetry ; Differential pulse voltammetry 31