Vol.26 No.8 2005 8 CHEMICAL JOURNAL OF CHINESE UNIVERSITIES 1419 1423 1, 2, 1, 2, 3, 2, 3 (1., 116024; 2., 110016;3., 116024), (Poly 2 methyl methacrylate, PMMA )., PMMA. B 2, 73000 gm ; 3 415 119, 3 RSD 110%,1 14% 110%, RSD 411%,3 10% 411% (n=5 ). ; ; ; ; O 652 A 025120790 (2005) 0821419205, [1 4], [1 3]. 011 015 nl,,, ( 1),. Bings [5],, ; [6] [5],. [7,8],. Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the dead volume (A ) Before removing the dead volume; (B) after removing the dead volume.,,,. (Coventor Ware, Version 2003, Coventor, Inc. ) ; PMMA :2004 210215. : ( :50135040. ) ( :2004 AA 404260 ) : (1934 ),,,,,. E2mail : wangld @dlut. edu. cn
Vol.26, PMMA ; B 2, 3,. 1 1. 1 M 7130gH ( ), ZWG 24 ( ), SB3200 ( ),6 JA ( ), 50 Λm, 375 Λm ( ), WZG 21 ( ), VUV 222 (Unimicro, ). 20 mmol gl ( ph =6 15) ; 012 mg gml B 2, : 10,,, ( SMZ 40 mg, SD 40 mg, TMP 16 mg ), 10 ml,, 30 min,,, 0145 Λm,. 510 ml, 10 ml,,,. 1. 2, ( ), CoventorWare ( 2). (FEM ),, ( 3). Fig. 2 Model of simulation 1. Microchannel ;2. dead volume;3. capillary. 1. 3 Fig. 3 Pictures of the simulating samples in a chip (A ) Before entering the dead volume; (B) leaving the dead volume. 1.3.1 PMMA [9], ; (Hot embossing ) PMMA ; (Thermal bonding ) PMMA,. 1.3.2 500 Λm,, 4. 800,1000 1200,. PMMA,,,. 500 Λm.,,.,,,,. 500 Λm,, 3 5 s. 2 3, 1000 Λm., 500 Λm, 0241 Fig. 4 Pictures of the tip of drills (A ) Tip of a standard drill; (B) tip of a flatten drill.
No.8 :,.,,,,., PMMA,., 5 10 min ;, 24 h.,,,. : 5 gmin 90, 1 MPa, 15 min ;,,,,. 1.3.3 50 Λm, 375 Λm,., 2 mm, 100 Λm,.,,,,. 5 PMMA, 50 mm, 25 mm, 4 mm,3 3 mm, 5 mm, 35 mm, 145 Λm, 51 Λm, 67 Λm, 82 mm, 22 mm. 1. 4 5, 012 mg gml B 2. :, 1300 V, 0 V, 1100 V, 1400 V, 30 s, 33 V gmm, 267 nm. 3.,, (SMZ ) 200 mg (SD) 200 mg (TMP ) 80 mg. 2000 Fig. 5 A PMMA electrophoresis chip with a capillary [10] 3,,. [11] [12] 3. 3,., 200 s, 236 nm. 2 2. 1 3 (A ) (B ),., 3 (A ) (B ), ( 6), (N ) : N =5.545 (X gw h) 2 (1), X, W h, 6 (A ) (B ),, 69%. 2. 2 1 (A ),,, 145 Λm, (375 Λm ), (180-118 ) g2=31, 118, (375-145 ) tg31 2=69 11 (Λm ). 1241
Vol.26 : Fig. 6 Electropherograms of simulated samples (A ) Before entering the dead volume; (B) leaving the dead volume. (1g3) Πh (r 2 1 + r1r2 + r 2 2) = (1g3) Π 6911 (7215 2 +72 15 18715+187 15 2 ) =3 19 10 6 (Λm 3 ) (2) 319 nl, 1 (B ) 0. 0, 013 016 Λm. 013+ 016) Λm :,, 375 Λm 019 ( Πr 2 2 h = Π 18715 2 019=99 14 10 3 Λm 3 011n L (3) 011 nl, 216%. 2. 3. : (1) 400 Λm,, ; 500 Λm, PMMA, ; (2),,,, ;.,, PMMA,,. 5,,, 50%. 2. 4 7 B 2, B 2 230 s ;,. (1) 73000 gm. Fig. 7 Electropherogram of 0. 2 mg gml vitamin B2 8,3 Fig. 8 Electropherogram of sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine and trimethoprim tablet 4 min, [12], ;, 415, 119,. 5,3 RSD 110%,1 14% 110%; RSD 411%,3 10% 411%,. 2241
No.8 : [1] DU Xiao2Guang ( ), GUANG Yan2Xia ( ), WANG Fu 2Ren ( ) et al.. Chem. J. Chenese Universities ( ) [J ],2003, 24 (11) :1962 1966 [2] Ramsey R. S., Ramsey J. M.. Anal. Chem.[ J ],1997, 69 (6) :1174 1178 [3] Zhang B., Foret F., Karger B. L.. Anal. Chem.[ J ],2000, 72 (5) :1015 1022 [4] Fang Q., Xu G. M., Fang Z. L.. Anal. Chem.[ J ],2002, 74 (6) :1223 1231 [5] Bings N. H., Wang C., Skinner C. D. et al.. Anal. Chem.[ J ],1999, 71 (15) :3292 3296 [6] CAO Xiao2Dan ( ), FANG Qun ( ), FANG Zhao2Lun ( ). The First National Symposium on Micro Total Anal 2 ysis Systems ( ) [C ], Beijing,2002:216 217 [7] Chen S. H., Sung W. C., Lee G. B. et al.. Electrophoresis [J ],2001, 22:3972 3977 [8] Meng Z., Qi S., Soper S. A. et al.. Anal. Chem.[ J ],2001, 73 (6) :1286 1291 [9] LIU Jun 2Shan ( ), YU Jian 2Qun ( ), LIU Chong ( ) et al.. Pacific Rim Workshop on Transducers and Micro g Nano Technologies [M ], Xiamen : Xiamen University Press,2002:115 118 [10] Chinese Pharmacopoeia Commission ( ). Chinese Pharmacopeia, Vol. g (, ) [M ], Bei2 jing: Chemical Industry Press,2000:813 [11] ZHANG Qin ( ), QUAN Hong ( ), QI Xiao2Mei ( ). Shanxi Prev. Med. J. ( ) [J ],1997, 6 (2) :128 129 [12] ZOU Ding ( ), WU Xue 2Jun ( ), NAN Guo2Zhu ( ). Chin. Pharm. J. ( ) [ J ],1998, 33 (2) : 106 108 Fabrication and Applications of PMMA Electrophoresis Chips Connected to Fused- silica Capillaries LIU Jun 2Shan 1, GUO Huai 2Zhong 2, WANG Li 2Ding 13, CHEN Rong 2, WANG Song 3, SUN Yu 2Qing 2, LUO Yi 3 (1. Key Laboratory for Dalian University of Technology, Precision & Non 2traditional Machining of Ministry of Education, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China ; 2. School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China ;3. Key Laboratory for Microsystem and Micromanufacturing, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China ) Abstract To connect a capillary with an electrophoresis chip, a dead volume was usually created due to a hole with a conical 2shaped bottom formed by drilling into the edge of the chip after the capillary was inserted into the hole. The effects of the dead volume on the electrophoretic separation were sim2 ulated and evaluated by using a simulation software. A novel connecting PMMA electrophoresis chips to capillaries with the minimal dead volume was presented. A hole was drilled into the edge of the chip by using a 500 Λm standard drill bit, then a home 2made flattened drill bit was used to flatten the coni2 cal area, so a flattened 2bottom hole was created, and a 375 Λm 2o. d. fused 2silica capillary was inserted into the hole and fixed by using epoxy, which decreases the dead volume from 3.9 to 0.1 nl. The de2 tecting point of the UV 2absorption detection was put on the fused 2silica capillary, so the electrophore 2 sis on the PMMA chip could be directly detected by an UV 2absorption detector. The electrophoretic analysis of vitamin B 2 was performed on the chip, and the number of theoretical plates was 73000 gm ; the electrophoretic separation of three components of sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine and trimethoprim tablet was also preformed, resolutions among these three components were 4.5 and 1.9, the relative standard deviations for migration time were 1.0%,1.4% and 1.0%, and relative standard deviations for peak height were 4.1%,3.0%,4.1%, respectively (n=5 ). Keywords Poly (methyl methacrylate )( PMMA ) ; Electrophoresis chip; Dead volume ; Capillary ; UV 2absorption detection (Ed.: A, G) 3241