28 6 V ol. 28, N o. 6 2002 11 797802 A CTA A GRONOM ICA S IN ICA pp. 797802N ov., 2002 Ξ 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 ( 1, 100081; 2, 301800), :,,,,,,,,,,,, ; ; ; : S512 : A Regula tion Effect of Cultiva ted M ea sures on Gra in Y ield and Bak ing Qua l ity in Bread W hea t ZHAO Guang2Cai 1 H E Zhong2H u 1 WAN G D e2sen 1 ZHAN G Yan 1 ZHOU Gui2Ying 1 TAN G X iu2w ei 2 L IU H ui2m ian 2 ( 1 Institute of C rop B reed ing and Cultivation, CA A S, B eij ing 100081; 2 A g ricultural A dm inistration of B aod i County T ianj in C ity, B aod i 301800, China) AbstractT he experim ents of fertilizer, w ater and chem ical regulation on grain yield and bak ing quality in h igh quality bread w heat, show ed the m ain result that the treatm ent of fertilizer and w ater w ere important to grain yield and quality. In the conditions of sam e nitrogen app lication and w atering, the grain yield, p rotein content, w et gluten content, sedim entation, stability and bread volum e w ere increased w ith nitrogen app lication at late grow th stage and heavy dressing at elongation stage. T he grain yield w as increased but the p rotein content and bread volum e w ere decreased w ith increasing the w atering tim eṡ Foliage sp raying p roperly Zhuangfeng could decrease the p lant heigh t, p revent lodging. M oreover, it m ainly resulted in shortened internode under the rach is internode, w ith form ing good p lant shape, and increasing the num ber of ear bearing tiller, but decreasing the per ear grain num beṙ In the moderate condition of soil fertility, increasing nitrogen app lication could raise effectively the grain yield, how ever, increasing either n itrogen o r pho sphate app lication cou ld raise the b read volum e and bread score. Key wordscultivated m easure; B read w heat; Grain yield; Bak ing quality,,,, [ 15 ] [ 68 ],,, Ξ : (39930110) (199906) : (19512),,, Received on ( ) : 2001212218, A ccep ted on ( ) : 2002203228
7 98 28 210 kgghm 2, A 2 270 kgghm 2, A 3 330 kgghm 2 ; B, B 1 P 2O 5 150 kgghm 2, B 2 180 kgghm 2, B 3 210 kgg 1 hm 2 ; C, C 1 K2O 150 kgg 1. 1 hm 2, C 2 180 kgghm 2, C 3 210 kgghm 2 ; D 19992000, D 1, D 2, 9507,, 150 g, D 3, 1, 600 ml 2 hm 2, 105 12 m 2,, 3 300 kg, P 2O 5 129 kg, K 2O 84 kg ghm 2 9 30, 6 ( 1) 66 m 2,,,, 3 300 ghm 2 4, 3, A, A 1 code T im e of w atering 1 Table 1 The design of different treatment of watering and topdressing 2 ZGS 1516 2526 F1 2 urea 180 kgghm 2 (kgghm 2 ) T im e of w atering and quantity of topdressing 5 ZGS 19, 26, 3233 urea 180 kgghm 2 F2 2 F3 3 urea 180 kgghm 2 urea 270 kgghm 2 urea 180 kgghm 2 F4 3 F5 4 urea 180 kgghm 2 F6 4 urea 270 kgghm 2 urea 180 kgghm 2 urea 270 kgghm 2 ZGS 61 urea 90 kgghm 2 urea 90 kgghm 2 ZGS: Zadoks Grow th Stage 2 4 3 Table 2 The design of 4 factor 3 level treatment code Factor A B C D H 1 1 1 1 1 H 2 1 2 2 2 H 3 1 3 3 3 H 4 2 1 2 3 H 5 2 2 3 1 H 6 2 3 1 2 H 7 3 1 3 2 H 8 3 2 1 3 H 9 3 3 2 1 urea 90 kgghm 2 1. 2 ZGS 73 : 500,, 2 ( < 0. 5g) : (GB135178), H GT 21000 : (N IR ) : Falling N um ber 2200 AA CC38212 : B rabender,
6 : 799 AA CC56263 ZEL EN Y F5F6, : B rabender, F6,,, AA CC54221 : AA CC10201 2 2. 1,, 24, 3,, 2,, 5 F2 F1,,,,,, F3 F1, 2, 3,, F3 F4, 2, F4 F3,, 2. 2 (+ 4. 23% ),,, 4,, F4 F2,, F4 F2, 2, F5F3 F1 (F2) 2,, F5 F3 F1, F 5 F 3, P rotein (% ),,, F6 F4F2F3F5F1,,, T reat2 m ent 3 Table 3 Effects of fertil izer and water on plant character and gra in yield (g) P lant W eight Test Grain N um berg height g1000 w eight yield ear (cm ) grain (ggl ) (kgghm 2 ) F1 76. 81 24. 56 50. 25 800 6240. 0 c C F2 76. 76 24. 91 50. 38 798 6951. 0 ab AB F3 77. 82 25. 76 50. 41 797 6816. 0 b ABC F4 81. 08 25. 55 51. 13 796 7104. 0 ab AB F5 76. 56 25. 48 50. 01 799 6774. 0 b BC F6 76. 57 24. 79 50. 92 799 7266. 0 a A (F1F2), 4 Table 4 Effect of fertil izer and water on wheat qual ity Sedim entation (ml ) W et gluten (% ) Stability (m in) F1 16. 17 ab 43. 5 36. 2 8. 9 893 ab F2 16. 48 a 45. 3 36. 7 9. 0 920 a F3 16. 05 b 43. 3 35. 8 9. 6 823 c F4 16. 31 ab 45. 3 37. 5 9. 6 835 bc F5 16. 05 b 43. 5 35. 9 8. 8 834 bc F6 16. 36 ab 45. 2 38. 4 9. 3 827 bc B read volum e (cm 3 ) (F1F3F5) 3, F4 F3, 4 2 F1 3 F3 4 F5 (F5F6), F6 F5 ; F2F4F6, 2,, F2 3 F4 4 F6,, 3 (F3F4),
8 00 28,,,, F3 F4,,,,,,, F6 F5,,,,,, A 2 A 3 A 1, 2 2. 3 5,,,,, 8. 35 cm, P lant height (cm ), (D 1 D 3) 5 Table 5 Effects of different treatment on plant character and gra in yield Ear (10 4 ghm 2 ) N um ber gear W eightg1000 grain (g) Test w eight (ggl ) Grain yield (kgghm 2 ) A 1 80. 32 a 591. 30 25. 62 49. 20 795. 80 6970. 35 bb A 2 81. 22 a 601. 65 25. 70 49. 01 793. 23 7227. 75 aa A 3 79. 76 a 595. 05 27. 14 49. 10 793. 03 7347. 75 aa B1 80. 86 a 600. 00 26. 16 48. 94 794. 43 7201. 05 a B2 79. 08 a 594. 15 26. 10 48. 92 792. 06 7107. 75 a B3 81. 68 a 593. 85 26. 19 49. 44 796. 67 7237. 05 a C1 81. 11 a 582. 15 26. 19 49. 25 794. 90 7227. 75 a C2 79. 86 a 597. 90 26. 15 48. 81 791. 23 7084. 35 a C3 80. 33 a 607. 80 26. 12 49. 25 797. 03 7233. 75 a D 1 83. 39 aa 584. 40 26. 07 49. 90 797. 33 7112. 70 b D 2 82. 87 aa 594. 45 26. 55 49. 79 797. 67 7329. 45 a D 3 75. 04 bb 609. 15 25. 84 47. 62 788. 20 7103. 70 b 6,,,,, 2, 3,, 6 (cm) Table 6 Effect of chem ical regulation on ma in stem height and internode length P lant height Internode length 1 2 3 4 5 D 1 84. 36 A 3. 93 8. 89 13. 06 23. 45 31. 70 D 2 83. 76 A 3. 63 8. 57 13. 70 23. 58 30. 99 D 3 76. 68 b 4. 07 7. 01 10. 42 20. 60 31. 90,, 2. 4 (7),, 7 A 3 A 1 9. 13%, A 2 4. 43%,, A 3 A 2 A 1, B 3B 2
6 : 801 (cm 3 ) B read volum e 7 Table 7 Comparison of different treatment on bread baking qual ity B read score (cm 3 ) B read volum e B read score A 1 734 c b 83. 1 b B C1 776 a 85. 9 a A A 2 767 b A b 86. 9 a A C2 768 a 86. 5 a A A 3 801 a A 88. 0 a A C3 757 a 85. 6 a A B1 750 b B 84. 9 b B D 1 775 a 86. 6 a A B2 764 ab AB 85. 3 b B D 2 754 a 85. 0 b A B3 788 a A 87. 7 a A D 3 773 a 86. 3 a A,, B 1 Singh, A K (2000) [ 10 ],,, Β2, 3. 3, 3,,, 3. 1,, 8. 35 cm,,,,,,, (2000) [ 9 ],,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, 9507,,,,, 3 ;,,, 2, ( ), 3. 4,,,,,,, 3. 2,,,, Singh, A K (2000) [ 10 ] [ 5, (1998) ],, Β2,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, References,, [ 1 ]Zhang J2X ( ), L iu X2S ( ). L eaf Stage index
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