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Supporting Information for Partial thioamide scan on the lipopeptaibiotic trichogin GA IV. Effects on folding and bioactivity Marta De Zotti 1, Barbara Biondi 1, Cristina Peggion 1, Matteo De Poli 1, Haleh Fathi 1, Simona Oancea 2, Claudio Toniolo 1 and Fernando Formaggio* 1 Address: 1 ICB, Padova Unit, CNR, Department of Chemistry, University of Padova, 35131 Padova, Italy and 2 Department of Biochemistry and Toxicology, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, 550012 Sibiu, Romania Email: Fernando Formaggio* - fernando.formaggio@unipd.it *Corresponding author Chemical characterization data for the peptides reported in Schemes 1 3. S1

Table S-I: ROE constraints, deviations from idealized geometry, and mean energies for the NMR-based structures (energy < 144 kcal/mol) of ψ[cs-nh] 9. Number of NOEs total 69 intraresidue 24 sequential 23 i,i+n, n = 2, 3, 4 22 Mean rmsd (a) from ideality of accepted structures bonds (Å) 0.0086 angles ( ) 1.05 impropers ( ) 67.0 ROEs (Å) 0.118 Mean energies (kcal/mol) of accepted structures E overall 140.8 E bond 12.6 E angle 46.7 E ROE 44.3 (a) Root-mean-square deviation. Table S-II: Average values ( ) for the torsion angles m and m and their relative standard deviations resulting from the 18 calculated structures (energy < 144 kcal/mol) of ψ[cs-nh] 9 (400 MHz, 1 mm in CD 3 CN solution, 298 K). Residue m Δ m Δ Aib 1 67.1 1.0 Gly 2 146.8 5.3 33.5 2.6 L-Leu 3 46.2 2.6 45.1 3.2 Aib 4 79.5 1.0 24.6 3.2 Gly 5 130.2 4.9 22.2 5.0 Gly 6 71.8 2.6 25.3 1.7 L-Leu 7 74.5 1.5 28.1 3.5 Aib 8 62.2 3.8 28.3 1.7 Gly 9 (CS) 89.2 4.9 52.2 1.1 L-Ile 10 106.1 2.8 16.0 3.1 L-Leu-OMe 11 49.1 8.1 Figure S-I: Representation of the 18 3D structures with energy < 144 kcal/mol resulting from the MD calculations of ψ[cs-nh] 9 with the backbone atoms of residues 4 11 superimposed. S2

Chemical characterization data for the peptides reported in Schemes 1 3 and not characterized elsewhere [1-5] Boc-Aib-Gly-Ile-Leu-OMe: mp 170 172 C; R f1 0.40; R f2 0.85; R f3 0.30; [α] D : 91.1 (c 0.1, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.86 (d, 1H, Ile NH), 7.00 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 6.77 (d, 1H, Leu NH), 5.02 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 4.64 4.52 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 4.34 4.27 (m, 1H, Ile α- CH), 3.95 3.27 (d, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 3.70 (s, 3H, OMe CH 3 ), 2.07 (m, 1H, Ile β-ch), 1.78 1.63 (m, H, Leu γ-ch, Boc 3 CH 3, Aib 2 β-ch 3, Leu β-ch 2, Ile γ-ch 2 ), 0.95 0.85 (m, 12H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3, Ile γ- and δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr) 3288, 1756, 1652, 1526 cm 1. Boc-Gly-Leu-Aib-Gly-Ile-Leu-OMe: mp 82 84 C; R f1 0.40; R f2 0.95; R f3 0.30; 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 7.86 7.22 (d, 1H, Leu NH), 7.34 7.30 (m, 2H, Ile NH, Gly NH), 6.99 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.73 6.69 (d, 1H, Leu NH), 5.68 5.62 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 4.18 3.35 (m, 10H, 2 Leu α-ch, Ile α-ch, 2 Gly α-ch 2, OMe CH 3 ), 2.08 (m, 1H, Ile β-ch), 1.64 1.50 (m, 14H, 2 Leu β-ch 2, 2 Leu γ-ch, Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.41 (s, 9H, Boc 3 CH 3, Ile γ-ch 2 ), 0.95 0.82 (m, 18H, 2 Leu 2 δ-ch 3, Ile γ- and δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3315, 1654, 1536 cm 1. Boc-Gly-ψ[CS-NH]-Leu-Aib-OMe: mp 79 82 C; R f1 0.90; R f2 0.90; R f3 0.45; [α] D 58.8 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 8.97 (d, 1H, Leu NH), 7.08 (s,1h, Aib NH), 5.51 (m, 1H, Gly NH), 4.43 (m, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 4.12 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.71 (s, 3H, OMe CH 3 ), 1.66 (m, 3H; Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.51 (m, 6H, Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.41 (s, 9H Boc 3 CH 3 ), 0.93 (d, 6H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3446, 3280, 1738, 17, 1694, 1652, 1547, 1526 cm 1. Boc-Aib-Gly-ψ[CS-NH]-Leu-Aib-OMe: mp 175 178 C; R f1 0.85; R f2 0.90; R f3 0.; [α] D 40.9 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 8.97 (d, 1H, Leu NH) 7.08 (s,1h, Aib NH), 6.10 (s,1h, Aib NH), 5.51 (m, 1H, Gly NH), 4.43 (m, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 4.12 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.71 (s, 3H, OMe CH 3 ), 1.66 (m, 3H; 2H Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.51 (m, 12H, 2 Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.41 (s, 9H Boc 3 CH 3 ), 0.93 (d, 6H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3349, 3265, 1717, 1691, 1665, 1510 cm 1. S3

n-oct-aib-gly-ψ[cs-nh]-leu-aib-ome: oil; R f1 0.81; R f2 0.90; R f3 0.15; [α] D 5.68 (c 0.2, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl3) δ 8.97 (d, 1H, Leu NH) 7.08 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.10 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 5.51 (m, 1H, Gly NH), 4.43 (m, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 4.12 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.71 (s, 3H, OMe CH 3 ), 2.28 (m, 2H, n-oct β-ch 2 ), 1.66 (m, 3H, Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.51 (m, 12H, 2 Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.26 (m, 10H, n-oct 5 CH 2 ), 0.93 0.82 (m, 9H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 and n- Oct ω-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3313, 3240, 1742, 1730, 1650, 1531 cm 1. n-oct-aib-gly-ψ[cs-nh]-leu-aib-oh: R f1 0.10; R f2 0.70; R f3 0.00; 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 8.97 (d, 1H, Leu NH) 7.08 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.10 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 5.51 (m, 1H, Gly NH), 4.43 (m, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 4.12 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 2.28 (m, 2H, n-oct β-ch 2 ), 1.66 (m, 3H, Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.51 (m, 12H, 2 Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.26 (m, 10H, n-oct 5 CH 2 ), 0.93 0.82 (m, 9H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 and n-oct ω-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3310, 3044,17, 1650, 1531 cm 1. n-oct-aib-gly-ψ[cs-nh]-leu-aib-gly-gly-leu-aib-gly-ile-leu-ome: mp 114 116 C; R f1 0.; R f2 0.85; R f3 0.00; [α] D 38.61 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 CN) 9.30 (d, 1H, NH Leu 3 ), 7.77 (t, 1H, NH Gly 6 ), 7.49 (t, 1H, NH Gly 2 ), 7.47 (t, 1H, NH Gly 5 ), 7.47 (s, 1H, NH Aib 4 ), 7.42 (t, 1H, NH Gly 9 ), 7.40 (d, 1H, NH Leu 7 ), 7.37 (s, 1H, NH Aib 8 ), 7.30 (d, 1H, NH Ile 10 ), 7.22 (s, 1H, NH Aib 1 ), 7.12 (d, 1H, NH Leu 11 ), 4.21 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 11 ), 4. (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 7 ), 4.17 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 3 ), 4.05 (dd, 1H, α-ch Ile 10 ), 3.78 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.74 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.71 (s, 3H, CH 3 OMe), 3.67 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.65 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 3.64 (m, 2H, α-ch 2 Gly 5 ), 3.60 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.58 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 2.15 (t, 2H, β-ch 2 n-oct), 1.50 (m, 2H, γ-ch 2 n-oct), 2.15 (m, 2H, δ-ch 2 n-oct), 1.84 (m, 1H, β-ch Ile 10 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 7 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 3 ), 1.62 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 3 ), 1.60 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 7 ), 1.59 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 11 ), 1.48 (m, 1H, 1 β- CH Leu 11 ), 1.53 (m, 1H, 1 β-ch Leu 11 ), 1.45 (m, 1H, γ-ch Ile 10 ), 1.36 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 4 ), 1.35 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 8 ), 1.32 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 1 ), 1.17 (m, 1H, 1 γ-ch Ile 10 ), 0.88 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.87 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ), 0.86 (d, 3H, γ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.83 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.81 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.80 (t, 3H, ω-ch 3 n-oct), 0.78 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ); IR (KBr): 3314, 3057, 1744, 1656, 1537 cm 1. Z-Gly-Leu-Aib-Ot-Bu: mp 112 114 C; R f1 0.80; R f2 0.65; R f3 0.50; [α] D 39.0 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.33 (m, 5H, Z Ph), 6.85 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.79 (d, S4

1H, Leu NH), 5.70 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 5.10 (s, 2H, Z CH 2 ), 4.40 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.86 (t, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 1.58 (m, 3H; Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.51 (2s, 6H, Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.43 (s, 9H, Ot- Bu 3 CH 3 ), 0.91 (d, 6H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3324, 1731, 1705, 1659, 1546 cm 1. Z-Aib-Gly-Leu-Aib-Ot-Bu: mp 165 166 C; R f1 0.50; R f2 0.80; R f3 0.30; [α] D 3.2 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 7.36 (m, 6H, Z Ph and 1 NH), 6.93 (m, 1H, NH), 6.87 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 5.37 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 5.10 (2d, 2H, Z CH 2 ), 4.42 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.93 (d, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 1.70 1.68 (m, 3H, Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.50 148 (m, 12H, 2 Aib 2 β- CH 3 ), 1.42 (s, 9H, Ot-Bu 3 CH 3 ), 0.91 (m, 6H, 2 Leu δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3316, 1732, 1701, 1659, 1536 cm 1. n-oct-aib-gly-leu-aib-ot-bu: mp 169 171 C; R f1 0.45; R f2 0.55; R f3 0.30; [α] D 2.58 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 6.93 (m, 1H, NH), 6.87 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 5.37 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 4.42 (m, 1H, Leu α-ch), 3.93 (d, 2H, Gly α-ch 2 ), 2.23 (m, 2H n-oct β-ch 2 ) 1.70 1.68 (m, 3H, Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch), 1.50 1.48 (m, 12H, 2 Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.42 (s, 9H, Ot-Bu 3 CH 3 ), 1.26 (m, 10H, n-oct 5 CH 2 ), 0.95 0.82 (m, 6H, 2 Leu δ-ch 3, n-oct ω-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3315, 1740, 1709, 1656, 1536 cm 1. Fmoc-Gly-ψ[CS-NH]-Gly-Leu-Aib-Ot-Bu: mp 108 111 C; R f1 0.72; R f2 0.94; R f3 0.22; [α] D 18.6 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 8,98 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 7.75 (d, 2H, Fmoc), 7.58 (t, 2H, Fmoc), 7.49 (m, 2H, Fmoc), 6.81 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.67 (t, 1H, Leu NH), 5.99 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 5.02 (m, H, Leu α-ch), 4.61 4.73(m,3H, Fmoc), 3.95 3.27 (d, 4H, 2Gly α-ch 2 ), 1.63 1.78(m, 9H, Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch, Aib 2 β-ch 3 ), 1.43 (s, 9H, Ot-Bu 3 CH 3 ), 0.92 (m, 6H, Leu 2 δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3299, 1730, 1706, 1658, 1528 cm 1. Fmoc-Gly-ψ[CS-NH]-Gly-Leu-Aib-Gly-Ile-Leu-OMe: mp 126 128 C; R f1 0.74; R f2 0.92; R f3 0.15; [α] D 17.3 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) δ 8.98 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 7.86 (d, 1H, Ile NH), 7.75 (d, 2H, Fmoc), 7.58 (t, 2H, Fmoc), 7.49 (m, 2H, Fmoc), 7.00 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 6.81 (s, 1H, Aib NH), 6.67 (m, 2H, 2 Leu NH), 5.99 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 5.02 (m, 2H, 2 Leu α-ch), 4.62 4.87 (m, 3H, Fmoc), 4.34 4.27 (m, 1H, Ile α-ch), 3.95 3.27 (d, 6H, 3Gly α-ch 2 ), 2.07 (m, 1H, Ile β-ch), 1.78 1.63 (m, 14H, 2 Leu β-ch 2 and γ-ch, Aib 2 -CH 3, Ile γ-ch 2 ), 1.43 (s, 9H, Ot-Bu 3 CH 3 ), 0.95 0.85 (m, 24H, 2 Leu 2 -CH 3, Ile γ-ch 3 and δ-ch 3 ); IR (KBr): 3309, 3065, 1730, 1656, 1531cm 1. S5

n-oct-aib-gly-leu-aib-gly-ψ[cs-nh]-gly-leu-aib-gly-ile-leu-ome: mp 125 128 C; R f1 0.; R f2 0.85; R f3 0.00; [α] D 21.3 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CD 3 CN) 9.42 (t, 1H, NH Gly 6 ), 7.75 (t, 1H, NH Gly 5 ), 7.67 (d, 1H, NH Leu 3 ), 7.540 (s, 1H, NH Aib 4 ), 7.40 (t, 1H, NH Gly 2 ), 7.33 (t, 1H, NH Gly 9 ), 7.29 (d, 1H, NH Ile 10 ), 7.28 (d, 1H, NH Leu 7 ), 7.27 (s, 1H, NH Aib 8 ), 7.17 (s, 1H, NH Aib 1 ), 7.07 (d, 1H, NH Leu 11 ), 4.21 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 11 ), 4. (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 7 ), 4.17 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 3 ), 4.05 (dd, 1H, α-ch Ile 10 ), 3.78 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.74 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.71 (s, 3H, CH 3 OMe), 3.67 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.65 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 3.64 (m, 2H, α-ch Gly 5 ), 3.60 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.58 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 2.15 (t, 2H, β-ch 2 n-oct), 2.15 (m, 2H, δ-ch 2 n-oct), 1.84 (m, 1H, β-ch Ile 10 ), 1.68 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 3 ), 1.60 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 7 ), 1.59 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 11 ), 1.53 (m, 1H, 1 β-ch Leu 11 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 7 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 3 ), 1.50 (m, 2H, γ-ch 2 n-oct), 1.48 (m, 1H, 1 β-ch Leu 11 ), 1.47 (m, 1H, γ-ch 2 Ile 10 ), 1.46 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 4 ), 1.35 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 8 ), 1.32 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 1 ), 1.28 (m, 1H, 1 γ-ch 2 Ile 10 ), 0.88 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.87 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ), 0.86 (d, 3H, γ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.83 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.81 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.80 (t, 3H, ω-ch 3 n-oct), 0.78 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ); IR (KBr): 3302, 1742, 1657, 1651, 1536 cm 1. Boc-Gly-ψ[CS-NH]-Ile-Leu-OMe: oil; R f1 0.90; R f2 0.92; R f3 0.60; [α] D 56.1 (c 0.5, MeOH); 1 H NMR (0 MHz, CDCl 3 ) 8.74 (d, 1H, Ile NH), 6.53 6.48 (d, 1H, Leu NH), 5.45 5.37 (t, 1H, Gly NH), 4.62 3.76 (m, 4H, Ile αch, Leu αch, Gly αch 2 ), 3.71 (s, 3H, OMe CH 3 ), 2. 1.46 (m, 6H, Ile -CH and -CH 2, Leu -CH 2 and -CH), 1.44 (s, 9H, Boc 3 CH 3 ), 1.00 0.74 (m, 12H, Leu 2 -CH 3, Ile -CH 3 and -CH 3 ); IR (KBr): 3313, 1747, 1721, 1659, 1594, 1524 cm 1. n-oct-aib-gly-leu-aib-gly-gly-leu-aib-gly-ψ[cs-nh]-ile-leu-ome: oil; R f1 0.; R f2 0.87; R f3 0.00; [α] D 23.3 (c 0.2, MeOH); 1 H NMR (400 MHz, CD 3 CN) 8.96 (d, 1H, NH Ile 10 ), 7.91(t, 1H, NH Gly 6 ), 7.84 (t, 1H, NH Gly 5 ), 7.74 (d, 1H, NH Leu 3 ), 7.69 (t, 1H, NH Gly 2 ), 7.66 (t, 1H, NH Gly 9 ), 7.60 (d, 1H, NH Leu 7 ), 7.540 (s, 1H, NH Aib 4 ), 7.52 (s, 1H, NH Aib 8 ), 7.35 (s, 1H, NH Aib 1 ), 7.13 (d, 1H, NH Leu 11 ), 4.21 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 11 ), 4. (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 7 ), 4.17 (m, 1H, α-ch Leu 3 ), 4.05 (dd, 1H, α-ch Ile 10 ), 3.78 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.74 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 6 ), 3.71(s, 3H, CH 3 OMe), 3.68 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.66 (dd, 1H, S6

1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 3.64 (m, 2H, α-ch 2 Gly 5 ), 3.60 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 9 ), 3.58 (dd, 1H, 1 α-ch Gly 2 ), 2.25 (t, 2H, β-ch 2 n-oct), 1.57 (m, 2H, γ-ch 2 n-oct), 2.15 (m, 2H, δ-ch 2 n-oct), 1.84 (m, 1H, β-ch Ile 10 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 7 ), 1.53 (m, 2H, β-ch 2 Leu 3 ), 1.68 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 3 ), 1.60 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 7 ), 1.59 (m, 1H, γ-ch Leu 11 ), 1.48 (m, 1H, 1 β-ch Leu 11 ), 1.53 (m, 1H, 1 β-ch Leu 11 ), 1.47 (m, 1H, γ-ch Ile 10 ), 1.46 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 4 ), 1.35 (s, 6H, 2 β- CH 3 Aib 8 ), 1.32 (s, 6H, 2 β-ch 3 Aib 1 ), 1.28 (m, 1H, 1 γ-ch Ile 10 ), 0.88 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.86 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ), 0.84 (d, 3H, γ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.83 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 3 ), 0.82 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Ile 10 ), 0.79 (t, 3H, ω-ch 3 n-oct), 0.78 (m, 3H, δ-ch 3 Leu 11 ); IR (KBr): 3299, 1741, 1660, 1537 cm 1. References 1. De Zotti, M.; Biondi, B.; Peggion, C.; Formaggio, F.; Park, Y.; Hahm, K.-S.; Toniolo, C. Org. Biomol. Chem. 12, 10, 1285 1299. doi:10.1039/c1ob06178j 2. Gurunath, R.; Balaram, P. Biopolymers 1995, 35, 21 29. doi:10.1002/bip.360350104 3. Iida, A.; Yoshimatsu, S.; Sanekata, M.; Fujita, T. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1990, 38, 2997 3003. doi:10.1248/cpb.38.2997 4. Brückner, H.; Koza, A. Amino Acids 03, 24, 311 323. doi:10.1007/s00726-002- 0401-x 5. Nagaraj, R.; Balaram, P. Tetrahedron 1981, 37, 1263 1270. doi:10.1016/s0040-40(01)961-7 S7