1, +,*+* + +-,, + : /+* m,1+ m, -*, * +3132* : Key words: global warming, snowfall, snowmelt, snow water equivalent + IPCC,,**+ Inoue and,**2 Yokoyama,**- Ohmura,,**0,**0 +331 +332 + +2- **+, ++,*
14 1, +,*+*,,,,+,**, +,,**+ - * +** +** *,**+,**- +,**2, -
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16 1, +,*+* 0 +, - 2 1 +, - 1 / 3,,0 + 2,*** http://www bosaigojp/seppyo/ http://ss # pria# rcgojp/labs/tkmcs/ weares/weareshtm +3233*,**1 *2 +*, - -+ +* -* 2, 3 +02 mm +*
1, +,*+* 17 -, -* ++ +*,, +,,, -* -+ mm /// mm -3 +0 //,/ 0+,- +0 +3 +*,, +-,, ++,,,, +, - + +,,,,
18 1, +,*+* +-,,,, +,, +,1+ m +*** m +, -** m 00,, 32m,1+ m, /+* m +*** m,,1+ m /+* m +/ -* +33-3,
1, +,*+* 19 +/ +33-3, +*** m, /+* m,,1+ m 32 m +33-3, +33-3,, * +**, +*** m +- +/ ++ +,, +, +/,,
20 1, +,*+* +*** m, / +33-3 : /+* m,,1+ m -*,, 1, 3 /1 * *, *, -* 3 +* + 0 - / Takeuchi et al,**2 Kimoto et al,**/
1, +,*+* 21,*** :, +33, 3- +33/ 30,*+,2 pp : http://wwwbosaigojp/seppyo/ +332 : 0* -01-12,**+ : 0-23 33 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC),,**2: Climate change and water edited by Bates, BC, Kundzewicz, ZW, Wu, S and Palutikof, JP, IPCC Secretariat, Geneva,,+* pp Kimoto, M, Yasutomi, N, Yokoyama, C and Emori, S,,**/: Projected changes in precipitation characteristics around Japan SOLA, +, 2/ 22, doi : +*,+/+/sola,**/,- +33+ : +* +1+ +2/ +33* : -1 +31,*+ +33+ : -2 3+ 3 +331 : +* 1320 Ohmura, A,,**0: Changes in mountain glaciers and ice caps during the,* th century Annals of Glaciology, -, -0+ -02,**0 : 02 /2+ /21 : http://ss # pria# rcgojp/labs/tkmcs/ weares/weareshtm,**+ : 0- -*1-+2,**, : 0 0+10-*,**2 :,**2 0* Takeuchi, Y, Endo, Y and Murakami, S,,**2: High correlation between winter precipitation and air temperature in heavy-snow areas in Japan Annals of Glaciology, 3, 1+* Inoue, S and Yokoyama, K,,**-: Estimates of snow- fall depth, maximum snow depth, and snow pack environments under global warming in Japan from five sets of predicted data J Agric Meteorol /3,,,1,-0,**2 : 3* 1 +21, +33 : + 1+ 11,**- : +1 pp,**- : 0/ -*--+0
22 1, +,*+* E# ects of atmospheric temperature rise on snowfall, snowmelt and snow water equivalent in a heavy snowfall area in Japan Shigeo SUIZU + + ) Geosystems Inc Oshidate-cho -++-,*, Fuchu-shi, Tokyo +2- **+, Abstract: Snowfall, snowmelt, and snow water equivalent (SWE) are estimated in Uonogawa basin (average elevation: /+* m) and Imokawa basin (average elevation:,1+ m) as well as at four sites with di# erent elevations in Niigata prefecture for the last -* years to understand the e# ect of global warming These estimations are carried out under the condition of, rise in air temperature In both the basins, as the temperature rises, the snowfall, SWE, and snow-covered area decrease and SWE and snowmelt achieve their maximum value in a season at an earlier date These changes are more remarkable in the lower basin The di# erence in changes can be attributed to the changing rate of snowfall to rain and to the fact that the amount of snowmelt increases around the elevation where the daily mean temperature is around * during the coldest period of winter The above reasons suggest that snowfall and snow cover are a# ected strongly by a rise in temperature in warm snow districts The estimation of snowfall and SWE from +313/ 2* to,**2/*3 in the Uonogawa and Imokawa basins reveals that snowfall and SWE decrease in the Imokawa basin and that no clear tendency is observed in the Uonogawa basin It can be concluded that both basins are a# ected by temperature rise, but the results for the lower basin are clearer because the lower basin reacts more sensitively to a rise in temperature Snowfall and SWE will decrease in the higher basin, if the temperature continues to rise,**3 + +/,**3 /,2,**3 +* +3,**3 ++ +,*+* 1 +/