Less33.Read, p1 Κατὰ Φιλίππου Α κατά + gen Selection from Demosthenes First Philippic: TEXT WITH SYNTAX MARKED conditional clause ( εἰ μὲν περὶ καινου τινος πράγματος προυτίθετ', ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, λέγειν, ἐπισχὼν ἂν... περί + gen... V voc compl inf... pple w/s... temporal clause ( ἕως οἱ πλει στοι τω ν εἰωθότων γνώμην ἀπεφήναντο,) S partitive gen DO V conditional clause main clause (apodosis) ( εἰ μὲν ἤρεσκέ τί μοι τω ν ὑπὸ τούτων ῥηθέντων,) [ ἡσυχίαν ἂν ἠ γον,] V S IO......agent... partitive gen DO... V... conditional clause main clause (apodosis) relative clause (εἰ δὲ μή,) [τότ' ἂν καὐτὸς ἐπειρώμην (( ἃ γιγνώσκω)) λέγειν ] w/s V DO V compl infin causal clause relative clause... temporal clause (ἐπειδὴ δ' ὑπὲρ ((ὡ ν πολλάκις εἰρήκασιν οὑ τοι)) πρότερον συμβαίνει καὶ νυνὶ σκοπει ν,) ὑπέρ + gen 1 V S V inf = S of impersonal συμβαίνει 1 The subject of this infinitive does not need to be expressed because it refers to the speaker. It behooves me to examine
Less33.Read, p2 indirect statement (Nom + acc because the S is the same) [ ἡγου μαι ] ( καὶ πρω τος ἀναστὰς εἰκότως ἂν συγγνώμης τυγχάνειν.) V pred nom pple w/s w/inf gen w/τυγχάνειν V = Infin conditional clause ( εἰ γὰρ ἐκ του παρεληλυθότος χρόνου τὰ δέονθ' οὑ τοι συνεβούλευσαν,)... ἐκ + gen... D O S V apodosis... noun......apodosis... clause (S of ἔδει) [ οὐδὲν ἂν (ὑμα ς νυ ν ἔδει βουλεύεσθαι). ] adv S in Acc V V = infin 2][ πρω τον μὲν οὐ ν οὐκ ἀθυμητέον, ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, τοι ς παρου σι πράγμασιν,] adv V dative of cause (application of dat of means) conditional clause οὐδ' (εἰ πάνυ φαύλως ἔχειν δοκει.) adv adv w/the infin compl infin V (the implied S is τὰ πράγματα ) relative clause (ὃ γάρ ἐστι χείριστον αὐτω ν ἐκ του παρεληλυθότος χρόνου,) S V PN partitive gen ἐκ + gen
Less33.Read, p3 [του το πρὸς τὰ μέλλοντα βέλτιστον ὑπάρχει.] S πρός +acc PN linking V [ τί οὐ ν ἐστι του το;] S V PN or PN S gen absolute noun clause, a reply to τί ( ὅτι ((οὐδέν, ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, τω ν δεόντων ποιούντων ὑμω ν)) κακω ς τὰ πράγματ' ἔχει V D O voc partitive gen pple in gen S in gen adv w/ἔχει S causal clause starts condit gen... relative clause... absolute... condit clause ( ἐπεί τοι, (( εἰ πάνθ' (((ἃ προση κε))) πραττόντων οὕτως εἰ χεν,)) D O S V pple in gen adv V noun clause as S [ οὐδ' ἂν ἐλπὶς ἠ ν (αὐτὰ βελτίω γενέσθαι).] PN V S in Acc pred acc V = infin
Less33.Read, p4 3 [ ἔπειτ' ἐνθυμητέον καὶ παρ' ἄλλων ἀκούουσι καὶ τοι ς εἰδόσιν αὐτοι ς ἀναμιμνῃσκομένοις,] V παρά + gen dat of agent... dat of agent... 2 indirect question starting with gen absolute relative clause (ἡλίκην ποτ' ἐχόντων δύναμιν Λακεδαιμονίων, ((ἐξ οὑ χρόνος οὐ πολύς, )) DO... pple in gen.. DO S in gen ἐκ + gen S PN indirect question (ὡς καλω ς καὶ προσηκόντως οὐδὲν ἀνάξιον ὑμει ς ἐπράξατε τη ς πόλεως,) ἀλλ' interr adv... DO... S V gen w/ἀνάξιον indirect question (ὑπεμείναθ' ὑπὲρ τω ν δικαίων τὸν πρὸς ἐκείνους πόλεμον). [τίνος οὐ ν εἵνεκα ταυ τα λέγω;] V ὑπέρ + gen DO.. πρός + acc... D O gen + ἕνεκα D O V purpose clause purpose clause (ἵν' ἴδητ',) ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, καὶ (θεάσησθε,) V V 2 ἀναμιμνῃσκομένοις and εἰδόσιν are not on the same level as (if they were, they would probably be connected by a coordinating conjunction). Remembering is causal with respect to those who know. Those who know, remembering... They know because they remember.
indirect statement... (ὅτι οὐδὲν οὔτε φυλαττομένοις ὑμι ν ἐστιν φοβερόν, S... I O... V PN Less33.Read, p5 conditional clause relative (or comparative) clause οὔτ', (ἂν ὀλιγωρη τε τοιου τον) (( οἱ ον ἂν ὑμει ς βούλοισθε, )) = ἐάν V adv rel adv S V... indirect statement continued... παραδείγμασι χρώμενοι τη τότε ῥώμῃ τω ν Λακεδαιμονίων, pred dat ppl w/s dat w/ χρώμενοι gen relative clause... indirect statement continued (( ἡ ς ἐκρατει τ' ἐκ του προσέχειν τοι ς πράγμασι τὸν νου ν,)) καὶ τη νυ ν ὕβρει τούτου, gen w/v V ἐκ + gen of infin dat w/infin DO of infin dat w/ χρώμενοι gen relative clause relative clause ((δι' ἣν ταραττόμεθ' ἐκ του μηδὲν φροντίζειν)) (( ὡ ν ἐχρη ν. )) διά + acc V ἐκ + gen of the infinitive partitive gen 3 V 3 This is an instance of attraction of the relative. The implicit antecedent would be a partitive genitive: τούτων, and the relative should have been ἃ (=...none of those things which...). When the antecedent is omitted, a relative in the accusative is attracted to the case of its dative or genitive antecedent. ὧν expresses none of-the-things-which
Less33.Read, p6 conditional clause... indirect statement......indirect statement. 4 (εἰ δέ τις ὑμω ν, ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, δυσπολέμητον οἴεται τὸν Φίλιππον εἰ ναι, σκοπω ν S part gen pred accusative V S in acc V=infin pple w/s... conditional clause continued τό τε πλη θος τη ς ὑπαρχούσης αὐτω δυνάμεως καὶ τὸ τὰ χωρία πάντ' ἀπολωλέναι τη πόλει,) DO pple w/ gen... IO w/pple...gen DO.. DO of infin... DO (infinit) I O [ὀρθω ς μὲν οἴεται,] [λογισάσθω μέντοι του θ',] V V DO noun clause, appositive to του το ( ὅτι εἴχομέν ποθ' ἡμει ς, ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, Πύδναν καὶ Ποτείδαιαν καὶ Μεθώνην V S DO καὶ πάντα τὸν τόπον του τον οἰκει ον κύκλω, καὶ DO dat means
continued noun clause, appositive to του το (//ὅτι //πολλὰ τω ν μετ' ἐκείνου νυ ν ὄντων ἐθνω ν αὐτονομούμενα κἀλεύθερ' ὑπη ρχε,) S... μετά + gen ppl w/ἐθνω ν part gen...... P N... V Less33.Read, p7 continued noun clause, appositive to του το καὶ (//ὅτι // μα λλον ἡμι ν ἐβούλετ' ἔχειν οἰκείως ἢ ἐκείνω. ) I O V compl inf adv w/infin compl of comparison conditional clause 5 (εἰ τοίνυν ὁ Φίλιππος τότε ταύτην ἔσχε τὴν γνώμην,) S DO V... DO noun clause, appositive to τὴν γνώμην (ὡς χαλεπὸν πολεμει ν ἐστιν Αθηναίοις ἔχουσι τοσαυ τ' ἐπιτειχίσματα τη ς αὑτου χώρας PN V = infin V IO w/infin pple w/io... DO... gen gen ἔρημον ὄντα συμμάχων, [οὐδὲν ἂν (( ὡ ν νυνὶ πεποίηκεν)) ἔπραξεν] pred acc ppl w/s gen w/ἔρημον DO gen 4 V V 4 Again, attraction of the relative
Less33.Read, p8 οὐδὲ [ τοσαύτην ἐκτήσατ' ἂν δύναμιν. ] DO... V... DO ἀλλ' [εἰ δεν, ὠ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναι οι, του το καλω ς ἐκει νος,] V DO S noun clause, appositive to του το (ὅτι ταυ τα μέν ἐστιν ἅπαντα τὰ χωρί' ἀ θλα του πολέμου κείμεν' ἐν μέσω,) S... V... S... PN gen ppl w/pn ἐν + dat noun clause, appositive to του το (// ὅτι//φύσει δ' ὑπάρχει τοι ς παρου σι τὰ τω ν ἀπόντων, καὶ dat means V I O S gen w/s
τοι ς ἐθέλουσι πονει ν καὶ κινδυνεύειν τὰ τω ν ἀμελούντων.) IO complementary infinitives S gen w/s Less33.Read, p9 6 [ καὶ γάρ τοι ταύτῃ χρησάμενος τη γνώμῃ πάντα κατέστραπται] καὶ [ ἔχει, dat... ppl w/s...dat w/ χρησάμενος DO V V comparative clause τὰ μὲν (ὡς ἂν ἑλών τις ἔχοι πολέμω,) τὰ δὲ σύμμαχα καὶ φίλα ποιησάμενος ] DO ppl w/s S. V dat means DO pred acc w/ ποιησάμενος pple w/s [ καὶ γὰρ συμμαχει ν καὶ προσέχειν τὸν νου ν τούτοις ἐθέλουσιν ἅπαντες,]... complem inifinitives... DO IO V S relative clause and clause of perception ( οὓς ἂν ὁρω σι παρεσκευασμένους καὶ πράττειν ἐθέλοντας) S in acc V pple in acc of clause of... compl infin... perception relative clause (( ἃ // πράττειν // χρή. )) DO infin = S V