Article title Stable isotopes of lakes and precipitation along an altitudinal gradient in the Eastern Alps. Journal name Biogeochemistry Author names Giovanna Flaim, Federica Camin, Agostino Tonon, Ulrike Obertegger Affiliation and e-mail address of the corresponding author Giovanna Flaim, IASMA Research and Innovation Centre FEM, via Mach 2-38010 San Michele all`adige (TN) Italy e-mail: giovanna.flaim@fmach.it Phone: ++39 0461 615 377 Fax: ++39 0461 650 956 Appendix 1. Monthly δ 18 O (a) and δ 2 H (b) values of precipitation from meteorological stations along an altitudinal gradient. The stations' altitude (m a.s.l.) and location (latitude and longitude - in decimal degrees) are given. 1 Meteorological stations managed by FEM; 2 meteorological stations managed by PAT. NA refers to missing values. Arco 1 S. Michele a/a 1 Denno 1 Segno 1 Cles 1 Fondo 1 Polsa 1 Mendola 2 Tonale 1 Lavazé 1 Graffer 2 Presena 2 altitude 91 205 321 525 652 907 1301 1360 1795 1809 2262 2730 latitude 45.91 46.18 46.26 46.31 46.36 46.44 45.78 46.42 46.26 46.36 46.22 46.23 longitude 10.89 11.12 11.06 11.08 11.04 11.13 10.95 11.20 10.60 11.49 10.89 10.58 date δ 18 O values (a) Nov-10-10.8-13.1-12.3-13.2-13.7-13.7-11.8-16.8-16.8-17.0-17.1-14.0 Dec-10-11.9-12.3-12.2-14.4-13.2-13.3-12.8-15.4-13.4-16.2-17.4-12.9 Jan-11-7.8-10.0-7.4-10.0-11.7-12.6-9.3-19.5-7.8-17.1-18 -12.8 Feb-11-16.2-14.5-12.9-15.1-15.3-15.8-17.4-16.8-17.2-20 -19.7-20.5 Mar-11-8.3-10.6-9.4-11.3-11.2-12.4-11.0-13.2-16.8-15.2-14.6-12.3 Apr-11-6.6-6.2-3.2-5.6-4.6-7.0-8.3-9.1-7.1-8.0-11.1-7.7 May-11-6.5-3.7 NA -8.4-7.7-11.5-11.3-9.1-10.5-10.4-7.7-10.9 Jun-11-5.6-6.1-5.9-6.4-6.8-7.5-8.9-8.6-7.0-9.6-10.7-9.2 Jul-11-4.2-4.0-5.7-6.4-6.1-5.7-10.1-7.4-6.7-7.6-8.2-8.1 Aug-11-4.2-5.5-5.5-6.1-5.9-7.3-6.8-8.1-7.1-7.8-8.7-9.2 Sep-11-5.0-6.6-7.5-7.1-6.8-6.8-6.7-7.7-8.8-9.3-8.3-10.4 Oct-11-7.9-8.5-7.1-10.8-9.0-9.8-9.8-11.8-11.5-12 -10.5-11.3
Appendix 1 continued. Monthly δ 18 O (a) and δ 2 H (b) values of precipitation from meteorological stations along an altitudinal gradient. The stations' altitude (m a.s.l.) and location (latitude and longitude - in decimal degrees) are given. 1 Meteorological stations managed by FEM; 2 meteorological stations managed by PAT. NA refers to missing values. Arco 1 S. Michele a/a 1 Denno 1 Segno 1 Cles 1 Fondo 1 Polsa 1 Mendola 2 Tonale 1 Lavazé 1 Graffer 2 Presena 2 date δ 2 H values (b) Nov-10-75.7-89.7-87.0-91.9 NA -95.4-76.8-114.8-117.2-118.1-120.3 NA Dec-10-88.6-88.0-101.0-105.4-98.2-113.6-97.7-108.3-114.1-113.9-128.1-97.2 Jan-11-60.6-76.6-67.8-87.7-90.3-106.8-62.5-156.7-72.8-136.8-139.2-98.3 Feb-11-125.8-110.9-105.9-113.7-112.2-124.4-133.6-135.8-135.9-153.1-147.6-154.4 Mar-11-62.0-84.9-77.1-118.4-85.5-101.6-79.0-79.2-125.1-97.0-105.4-85.9 Apr-11-45.7-38.2-36.1-33.5-25.4-44.0-49.4-62.4-40.8-46.9-65.0-49.3 May-11-63.9-58.4 NA -60.8 NA -55.6-79.6-62.9-76.8-67.1-74.9-70.0 Jun-11-37.7-39.4-39.6-47.9-46.4-54.6-57.0-61.0-40.7 NA -67.4-65.6 Jul-11-24.5-28.9-37.5-47.7-44.7-45.2-67.4-56.7-42.3-46.0-52.1-49.9 Aug-11-23.7-38.2-40.0-44.1-46.2-47.2-43.4-53.9-51.9-52.4-55.8-64.6 Sep-11-30.4-49.3-57.9-41.7-50.0-50.8-42.3-51.7-58.7-61.7-51.4-72.0 Oct-11-56.9-57.8-47.5-77.5-57.9-66.7-58.7-80.1-79.3-88.3-74.5-75.5
Appendix 2. Geomorphometric parameters and δ 18 O and δ 2 H for core lakes sampled in spring and summer 2011. (*) indicates polymictic lakes, while other lakes show stable summer thermal stratification; ( 1 ) indicates lakes also sampled in summer 2009, ( 2 ) in summer 2010; geomorphometric data taken from references given below ( ); (+) indicates catchment area estimated from orthophotos. latitude longitude altitude catchment area volume depth δ 18 O δ 18 O δ 2 H δ 2 H lake no. lake m a.s.l km 2 ha 10 3 m 3 m spring summer spring summer 1 *Kalterer See 2 46.38057 11.26511 214 55.5 140.0 6000 6-9.9-7.8-69.1-55.6 2 Terlago 1,2 46.09930 11.05594 414 21.1 11.9 445 11-10.5-7.9-70.0-56.2 3 Levico 2 46.01580 11.27626 440 27 116.4 12942 38-9.3-8.2-63.8-61.0 4 Caldonazzo 1,2 46.01842 11.24279 449 84.2 562.7 148987 49-8.1-7.2-55.8-44.7 5 Montiggler See 46.42360 11.29000 492 2.3 17.8 1490 8.4-3.0-1.6-39.9-32.6 6 Canzolino 1,2 46.08270 11.22631 540 2.7 7.1 515 15-9.5-7.7-65.5-52.6 7 Madrano 1,2 46.08550 11.21876 548 2.7 0.8 31 8-7.6-8.5-67.5-63.9 8 Tenno 2 45.93838 10.81553 570 18.4 19.5 3904 48-10.5-9.5-65.2-60.3 9 Valle 1,2 46.12367 11.21608 625 0.97 + 1.8 72 8-7.8-9.1-70.0-62.2 10 Lases 1,2 46.13943 11.22095 632 2.3 11.5 1750 26-9.2-8.0-64.1-56.6 11 Vahrner See 2 46.76563 11.63469 712 1.8 1.5 30 4-9.6-8.0-73.0-62.4 12 Santo di Terlago 1,2 46.12394 11.05813 713 5.5 + 6.9 456 13-11.0-9.3-74.0-65.0 13 Lamar 1,2 46.13051 11.06323 714 3.2 + 4.0 384 16-10.7-9.5-75.2-66.0 14 *Ampola 2 45.87071 10.65159 725 2.4 + 6.0 235 5-10.0-8.3-65.2-59.2 15 *Roncone 2 45.98632 10.67871 782 2.1 + 2.8 55 4-10.4-9.2-68.8-63.2 16 Lagolo 46.04052 11.00581 929 2.9 + 2.4 90 7-9.3-7.1-67.2-60.7 17 Serraia 1,2 46.13729 11.25571 974 8.9 44.4 3140 17-10.5-9.1-70.7-64.3 18 *Fennberg 1,2 46.27449 11.18485 1034 1.1 1.3 33 4-11.3-8.4-75.1-63.5 19 Lavarone 1,2 45.93656 11.25275 1100 0.6 5.2 383 17-8.9-8.1-68.3-55.3 20 *Wolfsgruben See 2 46.52069 11.42756 1176 1.3 3.3 83 4-9.6-9.0-81.2-75.3 21 Tovel 1,2 46.26137 10.94934 1178 39.9 38.3 7367 39-13.0-12.8 NA NA 22 Pragser Wildsee 2 46.69202 12.08402 1496 30.1 31.0 5300 36-12.5-12.1-87.0-85.2 23 Durnholzer See 2 46.74279 11.44558 1545 55.5 12.4 744 13-11.6-11.6-83.2-79.9 24 *Valagola 1,2 46.16577 10.82031 1595 1.7 + 3.0 105 4-12.2-11.1-88.7-77.7 25 Antholzer See 2 46.88601 12.16719 1642 19.1 43.3 11000 38-12.3-11.8-86.6-81.3 26 *Nambino 46.24225 10.79999 1767 2.4 + 4.0 119 5-12.3-9.9-90.8-71.0 27 Malghette 1,2 46.26687 10.81900 1880 4.7 9.5 477 11-13.0-11.6-94.4-81.0 28 Colbricon 2 46.28169 11.76533 1926 2.2 + 2.7 283 12-10.8-9.9-76.3-65.3 29 Schrüttensee 46.72110 11.55114 1960 0.7 + 2.2 67 4-12.0-11.0-100.9-70.7 30 Cornisello 1,2 46.22141 10.72626 2112 6.2 + 5.9 847 22-13.7-11.8-77.6-85.5 31 *Radlsee 2 46.70765 11.57831 2259 0.2 + 0.9 64 8-11.8-11.1-85.2-78.5 32 Wildersee 46.89828 11.58975 2532 2.0 + 10.5 2567 52-13.2-13.1-97.1-88.3
Appendix 3. Geographical location and δ 18 O summer values of additional lakes; some lakes were sampled both in summers 2009 and 2010. lake latitude longitude altitude year δ 18 O Fiavè 45.99075 10.83170 656 2010-9.2 Cei 45.95028 11.01889 920 2009; 2010-6.9; -7.6 Karer See 46.40917 11.57500 1519 2010-11.9 Tret 46.49638 11.16314 1604 2009; 2010-9.6; -10.1 Lavazè 46.35917 11.41167 1800 2009-9.8 Pradalago 46.24861 10.81194 2082 2010-10.2 Cornisello inf. 46.28417 11.76472 2086 2009-12.3 Poinelle 46.45750 10.94111 2177 2009; 2010-7.6; -12.1 Soprapasso 46.37778 10.82444 2179 2010-12.8 Nero 46.21722 10.73139 2233 2009; 2010-10.1; -10.2 Pfitscher Jochsee-N 46.99501 11.65585 2238 2009-12.4 Pfitscher Jochsee-middle 46.99428 11.65898 2243 2009-10.2 Pfitscher Jochsee-S 46.99205 11.65851 2248 2009-12.7 Sandesee 46.98541 11.32364 2365 2010-13.1 Alplanersee 46.44892 10.87475 2387 2009; 2010-11.8; -12 Rotondo 46.36667 10.81056 2423 2010-12.8 Cima d'asta 46.17252 11.60517 2452 2010-11.3 Crespeina 46.56866 11.82528 2525 2010-11.9 Sternai inf.-saent 46.46944 10.75333 2596 2009-13.6 Schneespitzsee 46.97665 11.27000 2598 2009-13.5 U. Schneespitzsee 46.97653 11.27335 2647 2009-12.9 Tablander Lacke 46.71964 11.04858 2653 2009-11.5 obere Tablander L. 46.71981 11.05083 2670 2009-12.3
Appendix 4. Meteorological stations nearest each core lake (see Appendix 2). lake meteorological station station altitude m a.s.l. Kalterer See Auer 250 Terlago Terlago 428 Levico Levico 449 Caldonazzo Caldonazzo 467 Montiggler See Montiggl 530 Valle Pergine 459 Madrano Pergine 458 Tenno Garda 66 Lases Lases 705 Vahrner See Brixen 560 Santo di Terlago Terlago 428 Lamar Terlago 428 Ampola Storo 385 Lagolo Vigolo 706 Serraia Baselga 983 Fennberg Unterfennberg 1060 Lavarone Lavarone 1155 Wolfsgrubener See Wolfsgruben 1250 Tovel Tovel 1178 Pragser Wildsee Prags 1285 Durnholzer See Reinswald 1365 Valagola Pinzolo 755 Antholzer See Antholz 1320 Nambino Pinzolo 755 Lavazè Lavazè 1807 Malghette Pinzolo 755 Colbricon Passo Rolle 2012 Schrüttensee Brixen 560 Cornisello sup. Pinzolo 755 Radlsee Brixen 560 Wildersee Vals 1410 lake information from: - IASMA (1996-2000) Limnological characteristics of Trentino lakes. Yearly reports. Istituto Agrario - S. Michele all'adige TN (in Italian) - Tomasi G. (2004) The three hundred lakes of the Trentino. Casa Editrice Artimedia. Trento (in Italian) - www.provinz.bz.it/umweltagentur/wasser. (in German/Italian)