The Quaternary Research.0. p. -*/ -,/ Aug.,**1

Transcript

1 The Quaternary Research 0 p -*/ -,/ Aug,**1 TKN,**,a * * * * * +, - / TKN,** : / m Asoo,, Aso o-, SK, Ata, AsooABCD, KoTz, Asoo MIS /4/ /4 K, O BW+00-34/ ka Asoo, Asoo- Asoo +0* ka -* ka MIS 0 MIS - : I +321a,* km +,** a, b, +330 ; +321 ; +33 ;,**/,** 0 TKN +,** : / m,**0 +/ D Tto D :,**-,** ,** * + 30* +,30 + *, 32 **+/, 2 / *- -,* *20/,, * -3* 20, */ -3* 20, * a Corresponding author : nagahashi@sssfukushima-uac jp

2 306 Aug,**1 Fig + + NJ22 TKN,** +,/5*** Locality maps showing the Quaternary volcanoes in Southwest Japan, Takashima-oki core, NJ22 core, TKN,** core drilling site and tephra outcrops, using + :,/5*** topographical map of Inaniyama published by the Geographical Survey Institute of Japan II,*, + 2/* m 0* m 00* m 1,* 1-* m III +321 a TKN,** 1-* m a * m +311 /-422 m, 00 mm, 33 cm, 12* m +4/ km, + km +

3 ,** , : cm TKN, + TKN/--2 / *+ -,/,310,2,0,12*,/*,/+-,-/,-3,,-2/,,22,,10,**- +3* *2* *-*+,*, TKN,,10 TKN*-*+, TKN-2* * /** : + -, mm,/* + +0 mm0* + mm -1 m - m / cm +* g +,** Asoo- + mm + +0mm,** +310 SEMEDS,**- +, SEMEDS,** -,, +321a Fig, Lithofacies columnar section and stratigraphical horizon of tephra beds from the TKN,** core Characters in parenthesis show the name of tephra + mentioned by Kimura ( +321a) +

4 308 Aug,**1 + Table + Petrographic properties of tephra beds intercalated in the TKN,** core of Takano Formation, central Japan +321 a FeO* /41 wt K, O -41 wt SiO, 0341 wt FeO*,40 wt K, O 43 wt TKN-032 :,4/ cm, TKN /--2 Sy Pm : +/ cm, mm TKN--*+ : *4/ cm TKN/+3 : *4/ cm, SiO, 1*4, wt FeO* 4 wt K, O,4- wt TKN-2* : TKN-,/ : + cm SiO, 034/ wt FeO* 4- wt K, O +4 wt SiO, 0-4+ wt TKN,310 :, cm, 0341 wt SiO, 0-4+ wt

5 ,** TKN,,22 vitric ash : *41 cm, SiO, 0240 wt FeO* 43 wt K, O +4 wt TKN,2,0 : +4- cm, TKN,,10 SPI : -4/ cm, TKN,12* : -cm, TKN,**- TN : -cm SiO, 034+ wt FeO* TKN +3*- SPII :, cm, 41 wt K, O +4- wt TKN,/* : *4 cm, TKN +-1 Epm TtoE : +0 cm, SiO, mm 104, wt FeO* *40 wt CaO *41 wt K, O 4+ wt TKN +*2* SG : 4/ cm TKN+*2* L TKN,/+- Dpm TtoD : +- cm mm -4/ cm TKN+*2* U + cm TKN,-/ : *4- cm, SiO, 14* wt Al, O- +41 wt K, O -4* wt Na, O 4, wt TKN*-*+ : *4- cm, SiO, 1-41 wt FeO*,4 wt CaO +43 wt TKN,-3, vitric ash :,4, cm, SiO, 0+4+ wt Al, O- +34 wtna, O 043 wtk, O 041 wt IV TKN,-2/ B Ash :,41 cm,, *4- cm, HK+, HK, -HK- Loc + Loc, HK+ *4, cm *4/ cm,

6 310 Aug,**1 +33 vitric ash +321b N Tf Asoo-,**- vitric ash - Aso o- : +33 B Ash + Ono Pm + : +301 ; +31+ vitric ash K Tz : +32- TN Aso o : +32/ SG DKP : +313 KN Tn AT : ,**/ TtoD Fig - Tephra beds intercalated in +/ the Takano Formation Localities are shown in Fig + vitric ash KTz, KN AT SiO, 1/4-1/41 wt FeO*,4+ + SK :,4- wt CaO,4-,4 wt K, O +33+,,4/ wt + Loc + Loc, Ata : HK,, cm cm Asoo, - Asoo ABCD +311 SiO, 03431*4/ wt FeO* IIIII NkoII 4+ wt K, O wt III : +33- / + Loc + HK- *4, cm, NJ 22 : BW,10/ +33- SiO, 104- wt DKP 0 FeO* *40 wt CaO *41 wt BW KO, 4* wt + Dpm +4- m + TKN,/* HK- SK - TKN,/* HK- Loc, HK+ TKN,2,0 HK, Dpm TKN,12* HK- TKN,/* FeO* CaO FeO* V Na, OK, O Na, O + SK, TKN +321 b +321,-/ Ata SK

7 ,** Ata +331 Asoo, Asoo- TKN,/* HK- SK Asoo SK TKN,-/ Ata +321 ; +33+ ; +33, ; Asoo ;,*** FeO* Ata +330 ;,**- CaO TKN/+3 Asoo, K, O Na, O TKN-2* Asoo- TKN,**- Asoo +321 Asoo-, TKN,-/ Ata Asoo- Aso o- vitric TKN,-/ ash TKN,-3, FeO*,4 wt CaO +43 wt TKN-2* + Asoo- MIS 04, +333 ; Chun et al,,** ;,** KAh : +312 Ata vitric ash TKN,-3, AtaFeO* KAh TKN,-3,,**- TKN,-/ Asoo- TKN-2* SiO,,** KAh o c, d TKN,-3, FeO* CaO KAh Ata Ata AsooABCD,**- KTz +330 TKN,-/ Ata,* km Ata vitric ash TKN,,22KTz , TKN,-/ TKN TKN,-3, AsooABCD,-/ Dpm KTz Asoo ABCD + TKN,-/ Ata AsooD Ata AsooC AsooB Asoo A TKN/+3-2*,,22,**- Asoo, - ABCD Ata AsooABCD,,** Asoo AD, Asoo+, - AsooB Asoo ACD TKN,-3, SiO, K, O Asoo+, oc, d TKN-2* Asoo-SiO, K, O Asoo- K, O TKN,-3, AsooACD Asoo SiO, FeO* TKN-2* SiO, AsooA Asoo+, FeO* Asoo CD - Aso o vitric ash Asoo-, BT-- BT-3 + BT,, TKN/+3-2*,**- SiO, K, O SiO, FeO* +33 ;,**/ TKN,-3, oa, b AsooABCD SiO, K, O SiO, FeO* TKN,-3,

8 312 Aug,**1 SiO K O Gill +32+,, Fig Tephra correlation based on chemical composition of volcanic glass shards Boundary lines in the SiO K O diagram are after Gill ( +32+ ),,

9 ,** AsooABCD SiO, 1* wt,**/ Asoo- AsooABCD +321TtoD Ono Pm+ TKN--*+ -,/ NkoIIIII Ksoash 1 - KO, +4- wt Asoo- KTz Asoo ABCD AsooAD,** BT,3- -/ -0 BT-0 AsooAD NkoIII NkoIII K, O mm 0,4-wtNko II,** 2, Asoo A K, O +4- wt D + TKN-,/,310,12* + +0mm TKN--*+ HK+ TKN,2,0 K, O,4- wt,4/ wt, AsooA SiO, D K, O K, O LowoK MediumoK Asoo AD oa, b K, O MediumoK TKN--*+ Nko, TKN,-3, vitric ash II TKN,2,0 HK+ Nko II o, Asoo ABCD a, b,** Nk oii III KTz Asoo- TKN--*+ NkoII TKN-,/ NkoIII Ata AsooABCD KTz LowoK MediumoK TKN,-3, AsooABCD Asoo- SiO, K, O 0- wt 1* wt,, Table, TKN,-3, AsooA D Shape ofvolcanic glass shards from TKN,-3, +31+ ; +330 in the TKN,** core and AsooA, D tephra beds / TKN+*2* BW,10/ DKP at the eastern foot of the Aso Caldera, Kyushu SG TKN+*2* DKP DKP +33+ DKP Na, O K, O +33+ TKN+*2*,**/ DKP DKP DSP +321 b SG TKN+*2* BW,10/ :

10 314 Aug,** DSPDKP 0 DKP DKP BW,10/ DSP TKN BW,10/ LBW,10/ M BW +*2*,10/ U SiO, o e, ftkn+*2* + BW,10/ BW,10/ SiO, BW,10/ TKN+*2* BW,10/ o e, f, TKN+*2* BW,10/ DKP DKP - DKP DKP DKP DSP / 0 - DKP TKN+*2* DKP DSP DSPDNP SK DKP DKP +33+ / TKN+*2* DKP DSP DKP +33+ DKP DKP DKP DKP / TKN+*2* DKPDSPDNPSK Fig / Comparison of chemical composition of the hornblende from the TKN+*2* in the TKN,** core and DKP, DSP, DNPand SK at the eastern foot of Daisen Volcano, Chugoku, western Japan

11 ,** TKN+*2* DKPDSPDNP Fig 0 Comparison of chemical composition of the orthopyroxene from the TKN+*2* in the TKN,** core and DKP, DSP and DNP at the eastern foot of Daisen Volcano, Chugoku, western Japan mm TKN*-*+ BW+00 Na, OK, O 0 wt Al, O- +3wt o g, h, +, TKN*-*+ BW+00 UOki : +32+ BT :,** +32 TKN*-*+ UOki VI +, MIS DKP /4- + TKN+*2* DSP DSP DKP 1 DKP +313 TKN+*2* BW,10/ DKP DSP Asoo, - TKN*-*+ 0 TKN*-*+ BW+00 Asoo, BW/*, h BW+00 BW-* Asoo, +0 ka,** BW+00 BW,10/ AT BW+*,+ Asoo, KAr BW+*,+ / ka a Asoo, +0 ka Asoo- KN ATTKN+*2* BW,10/ Termination II +-- ka Chun TKN*-*+ BW+00 et al,,** Asoo- MIS /4/ +333 BW+00 Ma+,,** +-- ka Asoo- TKN*-*+,** +-- ka

12 316 Aug,**1 1 Fig 1 Tephrostratigraphy andcorrelation of tephra beds between the TKN,** core and the Takashima-oki core from Lake Biwa

13 ,** ,**+ Asoo- +,-0 kakar ka Asoo- +-- ka Asoo +33+ Asoo MIS /4+ MIS /4, 203* ka Asoo 22 ka Chun et al,,** ;,** Asoo 231 ka KAr +33+ Asoo MIS /4, Asoo 22 ka 2 TKN*-*+ BW+00 Fig 2 Depth-age model of TKN,** from the Takano Formation based on the time maker tephra beds The depth in diagram is calibrated one excluding,**- cumulative tephra thickness above the tephra bed,** +33, Asoo, - TKN*-*+ + AMS C Asoo, Asoo- BW+00 /+ cm Asoo- Asoo -3 cm +33, BW+00 Asoo TKN*-*+ - cm 2 - BW+00 II -*41 ka +33-,,**/ +33, -35*** yrs BP Fairbanks et al,**/ -5*** cal BP,**/ TKNIVIII +04+/ m,**/ Tto D+ m BW+*,+ AT +4, m HK, HK+ +*4,+ m AT,3 ka Tada et al, +333 HK, TKN,12* HK+ TKN,2,0 *4/ cm,**/ 3 BW+00-34/ ka

14 318 Aug,**1 - Asoo, Asoo- Asoo BW+00 Table - Depositional ages of tephra beds estimated from the age-depth relationships of the time maker tephra beds shown in bold (Aso o,, Aso o-, Asoo and BW +00) and comparison of the tephra studies associated with the Takano Formation TKNI TKNII TKNIII TKN +5** m,** m IV,**/,**/ +33+ Asoo- TKN,-3, Asoo ABCDTKNII TKNIII +33+,** + Ono Pm+ TKN,**+ +5** m Mi-,-2/ Asoo- Asoo ABCD yoshi et al, +333, BT- MIS /4/ AtaMIS /4- Asoo MIS /4, - Asoo- NkoIII BT-0TKN Asoo- -,/ TKN-,/ MIS /4/ TKN-,/ ka MIS /4/ TKNIIV MIS /4 /4, TKN--*+ TKNIMIS /4 TKN TKN-,/ NkoIIIII II MIS /4- TKNIII MIS /4- MIS /4, Nko IIIII Ma+, TKNIV MIS /4, +33-Nko IIIII Ma+, 3 MIS /4/ Ata,** m BB+13

15 ,** ,**/ DKP TKN+*2*,**/ MIS 4, MIS 4* /2 /3 ka TKN+*2* 0, ka,**/ /2 /3 ka,** SAN+ DKP /- // ka +33+ DKP SAN+ TKN +*2* SAN+ TKN+*2*,** SAN+ 3,**- SPECMAP SPECMAP + AMS Fig 3 Comparison of widespread tephra beds in + C 531* +5*-* yrs BP the TKN,** core with SPECMAP and pol- /5,1* +5/* yrs BP len assemblage zones / + ka Correlation of maker tephra horizons with SPECMAP DKP is based on the estimated tephra ages in Table ; +330,**-DKP + AMS C Ata +33+ /,5-+* -0* yrs BP +33, a DKP,**+ MIS /4- Ata TKN,-/,**/ + AMS C 352/*,* +33, b TKNII MIS /4- + C Ata Tto D TKN,/+- DKP SK TKN,/* MIS /4- SK + TKN+*2* C +33, ; +333 DKP Ata MIS /4- MIS /4- TKN /4, Ata TKN +*2* DKP,-/ 3243 ka Ata,**- +**,1 ka +33/ Ata KAr+*2- ka +331 Ata MIS /4 MIS /4- +*-,**0 +*1 ka : +33+ Ata

16 320 Aug,**1 TOC,**0 +/ - MIS /4- - MIS /4- MIS ka /5*** 1 MIS - MIS /4- AsooABCD MIS /4/ MIS /4, MIS /4- SK, TtoD, AsooABCD, Ono Pm +, Ono Kt Ata, KTz,**- SK,* km Ata /* +** km Ono Pm+ /* km KTz B +01*,2- : - +/* km TtoD, AsooABCD, - Ono Kt ** km /5*** - ** km Chun, JH, Ikehara, K and Han, S J (,**) Evidence in Ulleung basin sediment cores for a Termination II (Penultimate Deglaciation) eruption of the Asoo- tephra The Quaternary Research (DaiyonkioKenkyu), -, 33 ++, VII +33/ FT,+ -,,+,-1 Fairbanks, RG, Mortlock, RA, Chiu, TC, Cao, L, Kaplan, A, Guilderson, TP, Fairbanks, TW, Bloom, AL, Grootes, PM and Nadeau, M J (,**/) Radiocarbon calibration curve spanning * to /*5*** years Aso o,, Asoo,-*,-,-2 + BP based on paired Th/ U/ U and C dates on -, NkoII, NkoIII, SK, TtoD, Ata, Asoo ABCD, BAsh pristine corals Quaternary Science Reviews,,, Ono Pm+ KTz, SPI OnoKt Aso o, SPII On o Ng Tto E, BW+00 DKP Gill, JB ( +32+ ) Orogenic andesites and plate tectonics -/2 p, Springer-Verlag TKN+*2* Asoo, - BW+00 Chun, JH,** - - -,*+,+,

17 ,** ,**/ +32/ -, * 31* + +1, a /+ /0, /03 3-,/,/1 +33+,** m +321b -*,/,1,0- -3, ,0-,1* : - -/ +331 KAr +301,,,-,,/ ,3+ -*2 KAr */ /- -* -/2 -* --3-/ I Miyoshi, N, Fujiki, T and Morita, Y ( +333) Palynology of a,/* m core from Lake Biwa : A -*5***-year +* +,* record of glacial-interglacial vegetation changes in +330 Japan Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, +*, : /0 /1,01,2-,**/ / 2021 Tn ,**- XRF +312 EDS +1,,0/, ,** /* EDS / -/,2,* /* p / d,** + +*- 131/3,**- - 2/ p, +33, b +32 3, -3 + C -+ /,3-0

18 322 Aug,**1 +33, a linkages over orbital and millennial timescale record in late Quaternary sediments of the Japan Sea 32 3*/ 3*2 Paleoceanography, +,,-0,1,** , + +-,/ --1-/,,**- +,** * +/2 +1 NJ ,0,***,**0 TOC + ++, /02 /13 -, / -* p, 133* +33+,**- : +-,,,,1 / -,--* +33, + C , 1 --/ -/ , 31 /+/ +*/ , / 2+ +**,**+ -+,+,1 *,- / /33-2, / +*/ -- --, -*,--,, Tada, R, Irino, T and Koizumi, I ( +333) Land-ocean

19 ,** Appendix + Chemical composition of glass shards taken from tephra beds in the TKN,** core and the Takano Formation

20 324 Aug,**1, NJ22 BW+00 BW,10/ SK Ata AsooABCD Appendix, Chemical composition of glass shards of taken from the BW+00 and BW,10/ tephra beds in the NJ22 core of Lake Nojiri, SK tephra bed in theyokomi, Shimane Prefecture, and Ata and AsooABCD tephra beds collected from the eastern foot of the Aso Caldera, Kyushu - TKN+*2* DKPDSPDNPSK Appendix - Representative chemical composition of hornblendeand orthopyroxene from the TKN+*2* in TKN,** core and thedkp,dsp, DNPand SK tephra beds collected at the eastern foot of the Daisen volcano

21 ,** Stratigraphy and Chronology of Widespread Tephra Beds Intercalated in the TKN,** Core Sediment Obtained from the Takano Formation, Central Japan +,a, - Yoshitaka Nagahashi*, Takako Sato*, Yoshihiro Takeshita*, Takaharu Tawara* and Fujio Kumon* / A /-422 m sediment core (TKN,** ) taken tephra beds in the TKN,** core can be calcufrom the Takano Formation, Nagano Prefecture lated, postulating that sedimentation rate is conbeds in central Japan, consists mostly of homo- stant between the controlling points The ages genous clayey silt, including numerous beds of of marker tephra beds in the TKN,** core primary fallout tephra On the basis of the strati- estimated by this method are very consistent graphy, petrography, and chemistry of volcanic with the identification of the oxygen isotope glass shards, hornblende, and orthopyroxene stages based on the palynological study of the measured by microprobe (EDS) analyses, +/ te- Takano Formation and the total organic carphra beds can be correlated to the Aso o,, Asoo bon content profile of the TKN,** core Con- -, NankooII, NankooIII, SK, TtoD, Ata, Asoo sequently the TKN,** core sample can pro- ABCD, Ono Pm +, KTz, OnoKt, Aso o, OnoNg, vide not only a high-resolution record of the Tto E, and BW+00 tephra beds in ascending climate from MIS 0 to MIS -, but also the order Using the time marker tephra beds namely, Aso o, ( +0ka), Aso o- ( +--ka), Aso o ( 22 of the middle to upper Pleistocene in south- standard stratigraphy of the widespread tephra ka), and BW +00 (-24/ ka) as the controlling west to central Japan points, depositional ages of other +1 marker Keywords : Takano Formation, marker tephra, major elements composition, chronology, late Pleistocene * + Faculty of Symbiotic Systems Science, Fukushima University + Kanayagawa, Fukushima, 30* +,30, Japan *, * - * Kawada Co, LTD, 2 / Oroshimachi, Wakabayashi-ku, Sendai, 32 **+/, Japan Tochigi Prefectural Museum,, Mutsumimachi, Utsunomiya, -,* *20/, Japan Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shinshu University -++ Asahi, Matsumoto, -3* 20,+, Japan * / Faculty of Science, Shinshu University Asahi, Matsumoto, -3* 20,+, Japan * a Corresponding author : nagahashi@sssfukushima-u ac jp